i8o2 THE 1902 

CENTENNIAL HISTORY 

OF 

WATERVILLE 

Kennebec County, Maine 

INCLUDING 

THE ORATION THE HISTORICAL ADDRESS AND THE POEM 

PRESENTED AT THE CELEBRATION OF THE CENTENNIAL 

ANNIVERSARY OF THE INCORPORATION 

OF THE TOWN 

June 23d, 1902 



WITH ILLUSTRATIONS 



Rev. EDWIN CAREY WHJTTEMORE, 
Editor. 

ARTHUR J. ROBERTS, FRANKLIN W. JOHNSON, 

MRS. MARTHA BAKER DUNN, MRS. ESTELLE FOSTER 

E.^TON, HORATIO D. B.ATES, 

ASSOCIATE EDITORS. 




Published by tbe 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION 

WaterviUe, 1902. 



it-r ^■^^• 






PREFACE. 



To make a permanent record of the events of the centennial 
celebration, to trace the development of the town from its earliest 
settlement, and to give biographical sketches of some of its 
representative men is the purpose of this volume. To accomplish 
this within the limits of time and space allowed has been no 
easy task, and the book has grown to nearly twice the size that 
was planned and promised. Grateful recognition should be 
given to the generous labors of those who have contributed the 
several chapters of the book. Each writer is solely responsible 
for the statements made in his article. Credit is due to Rev. 
Asa L. Lane, who gathered from the town records and from the 
files of the Waterville Mail a large amount of valuable matter. 
Dr. Edward W. Hall has made the resources of the library of 
Colby College always available, and L. D. Carver, Esq., librarian 
of the State Library, has shown the editors many courtesies. 
The officials of the City of Waterville and the town officers of 
Winslow, have kindly allowed the use of all records and docu- 
ments which are on file in their respective offices. The thanks 
of the editors are due to Messrs. Joshua and Charles E. Cush- 
man of Winslow, for access to the papers of Rev. Joshua Cush- 
man ; to Miss Julia Stackpole for the use of the diaries of Capt. 
James Stackpole; to Wallace B. Smith for the papers of his 
grandfather, Abijah Smith ; to Mrs. W. P. Stewart for the 
account book and diary of Dr. John McKechnie ; and to Mrs. 
Frank Skinner for the use of the manuscript prepared by Rev. 
J. O. Skinner for a history of Waterville. The editors are 
grateful to the Executive Committee of the centennial celebra- 
tion for their constant encouragement and support, and to the 
printers, Messrs. Burleigh & Flynt, for many favors. Con- 



siderable material has been gathered which could not be used 
in this vohinie. This, and the many vahiable historical papers 
which are scattered among the homes of the city should be 
preserved in some safe place for the future historian of Water- 
ville, who, with ample leisure for research and verification, will 
write more adequately the history of our city. The more one 
comes to know of the history and life of Waterville, the more 
does he respect its past and have confidence in its future. 

The Editors. 
Waterville, Sept. 19, 1902. 



PREPARING FOR THE CENTENNIAL. 

By Frederick W. Clair, Esq., Secretary of the Committee of 
One Hundred and of the E.KCCutive Committee. 

At the close of a meeting of the Waterville Board of Trade in 
the spring of 1901 at which there had been discussion as to the 
advisability of celebrating the 4th of July, the suggestion was 
made, "Let it pass ; next year we must celebrate our centennial." 
Attention was called to the fact that the old city hall would be 
a poor place in which to celebrate and that the new hall consisted 
only of a cellar. However the idea took root in many minds not 
only of celebrating the centennial of the incorporation of Water- 
ville but of preparing to do it in a suitable manner. In Septem- 
ber, 1 901, at the suggestion of the president, Dr. Hill, the matter 
was brought formally before the Board of Trade in a petition 
signed and circulated by Hon. S. S. Brown and Frank Redington 
and bearing the names of a large number of influential citizens 
urging the Board of Trade to call a meeting for considering the 
matter of the proper observance of the centennial. 

In accord with this petition which was published in the Water- 
ville Mail and met with general approval. President Hill called 
a meeting of the citizens at city hall October 9, 1901. This meet- 
ing was not so largely attended as was expected. However 
there was a sufficient number to warrant the promoters of the 
celebration in proceeding to business. Hon. S. S. Brown called 
the meeting to order. F. C. Thayer, M. D., was elected chair- 
man of this meeting and F. W. Clair, Esq., secretary. It was 
voted that a committee of one hundred be elected, said committee 
to have charge of the centennial celebration. It was voted that 
the following named persons be members of the committee of 
one hundred. 

The Commiitce of One Hundred — Walter Getchell, *Simeon 
Keith, E. G. Meader, A. A. Plaisted, C. K. Mathews, Nathaniel 
Meader, James P. Hill, George E. Shores, Rev. S. K. Smith. 



2 HISTORY OI-' WATERVILLE. 

Rev. G. D. B. Pepper, John Ware, S. S. Brown, C. H. Reding- 
ton, W. B. Arnold, Wallace B. Smith, Rev. N. Charland, Chris- 
tian Knauff, M. C. Foster, W. M. Lincoln, E. R. Drummond, 
S. I. Abbott, W. T. Haines, C. F. Johnson, Dr. C. L. White, 
Dr. C. W. Abbott, Rev. G. B. Nicholson, Rev. A. G. Pettengill, 
Dr. J. L. Fortier, A. J. Roberts, F. W. Johnson, Dr. E. L. Jones, 
E. T. Wyman, E. W. Hall, C. A. Leighton, Geo. F. Davies, Fred 
Pooler, A. S. Hall, G. K. Boutelle, Dr. A. Joly, H. C. Prince, 
George Overend, C. E. Matthews, L. H. Soper, G. W. Dorr, 
H. R. Dunham, Mark Gallert, F. J. Goodridge, Horace Purinton, 
Robert L. Proctor, H. E. Judkins, Homer C. Proctor, E. C. 
Wardwell, Jules GamachcH. R. Mitchell, S. L. Berry, F. K. 
ShaM', H. D. Eaton, Arthur Alden, I. S. Bangs, H. L. Emery, 
W. A. R. Boothby, A. W. Flood, J. F. Percival, H. D. Bates, 
Hascall S. Hall, Ernest E. Decker. Dr. J. F. Hill, W. C. Phil- 
brook, Frank Redington, Rev. E. L. Marsh, G. Fred Terry, P. S. 
Heald, C. W. Davis, W. H. K. Abbott, R. W. Dunn, Martin 
Blaisdell, Gedeon Richer, Rev. A. A. Lewis, Rev. E. C. Whitte- 
more, Patrick McLaughlin, F. E. Boston, W. M. Dunn, L. G. 
Salisbury, Frank B. Philbrick, John N. Webber, George Ballen- 
tine, C. J. Clukey, John E. Nelson, A. B. Reny, Leslie P. Loud, 
Arthur Darviau, Marshall Peavy, Frank E. Brown, Edward 
Ware, Colby Getchell, F. D. Lunt, Horace Toward. *Deceased. 

This first meeting had the desired result. The celebration was 
the general topic of conversation among the people of the city, 
and it was seen at that early date that the celebration would be 
a success. The city hall was to have its e.xterior walls finished 
and the roof placed by the first day of January, 1902. It was thei 
intention of the city government of 1901-02 to do no more work 
upon the building. At the first mass meetino- a motion was made 
and carried "that it is the sense of this meeting that the work on 
the new city building be prosecuted so that it may be finished and 
dedicated at the time of the celebration." 

October 18, 1901, the committee of one hundred met at the 
Ware parlors, called in accordance with the vote of the mass 
meeting. The meeting was called to order by F. W. Clair, 
secretary of the meeting. F. C. Thayer, M. D., was elected 
chairman of the committee of one hundred. F. W. Clair was 
elected secretarv, and F. A. KnaufT was elected treasurer. A 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 3 

committee of eleven was selected by the chair to report a date 
thought most advisable for the celebration and to give, as early 
as possible, an outline for the program for the celebration. This 
committee was to report at a meeting to be called by the chair- 
man of the committee of one hundred, the chairman and clerk of 
the committee of one hundred to be ex-officio members of said 
committee. The chair appointed S. S. Brown, W. M. Dunn, 
W. T. Haines, E. R. Drummond, E. L. Jones, J. F. Hill, H. E. 
Judkins, Gedeon Picher, and E. T. Wyman. This meeting 
adjourned to the following Wednesday at 7.30 P. M. On Octo- 
ber 23d, the date to which the last meeting adjourned, the com- 
mittee met at the Ware parlors. The report of the committee 
of eleven was made by the secretary and was as follows : 
"To the Committee of One Hundred: 

Your committee has attended to the duty assigned them, and 
beg leave to make the following report : It has decided that the 
centennial celebration should take place on the twenty-second, 
twenty-third, and twenty-fourth days of June, A. D. 1902. It 
has decided upon these dates, because it has come to the con- 
clusion, after an examination of the records, that the incorpora- 
tion and birth of the town of Waterville took place on the twenty- 
third day of June, A. D. 1802. It decided that the twenty-second, 
falling on Sunday, should be given over to the churches, to have 
such exercises as they deem best. It decided to report the fol- 
lowing program. Monday, the twenty-third, dedication exer- 
cises of the new city building, in the forenoon. Anniversary exer- 
cises of the incorporation of the town, in the afternoon, at the 
park. Reception tendered to the past and present residents of 
the city, at City Hall, in the evening. Tuesday, the twenty- 
fourth, forenoon, parade ; evening, illumination. Your com- 
cornmittee decided to report the following sub-committees as 
necessary. Executive, Finance, Literary, Invitation, Advertising 
and printing. Transportation and military, Horses, carriages and 
equipments. Badges and emblems, Trades display, Decoration, 
Fire department, Illumination, Reception, Entertainment, Schools, 
Churches, Music, and Sports. 

The report was accepted and it was voted to adopt the report. 
A committee on sub-committees had been appointed and made 
the following report. 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 



SPECIAL COMMITTEES. 

Invitation Committee — E. R. Drummond, A. A. Plaisted, 
Walter Getchell, VV. B. Arnold, Mrs. J. H. Hanson, Mrs. N. G. 
H. Pulsifer, Mrs. S. S. Brown. 

Church Committee — Rev. E. L. Marsh, Dr. Charles L. White, 
Rev. N. Charland, Dr. G. D. B. Pepper, Rev. A. A. Lewis, Rev. 
G. B. Nicholson, Rev. A. G. Pettengill. 

Entertainment Committee — S. S. Brown, P. S. Heald, Fred 
Pooler, Frank Walker, T. E. Ransted, Mrs. C. A. Flood, Mrs. 
W. B. Arnold, Mrs. F. C. Thayer, Mrs. George K. Boutelle. 

Literary Committee — Rev. E. C. Whittemore, A. J. Roberts, 
H. D. Bates, F. W. Johnson, Mrs. R. W. Dunn, Mrs. H. D. 
Eaton. 

Decoration Committee — Frank Redington, Hascall S. Hall, 
Daniel Berry, S. S. Lighthody, D. M. Bangs, Mrs. C. F. Johnson, 
Mrs. H. E. Judkins, Mrs. Geo. West, Miss Eva Getchell. 

finance Committee — W. T. Haines, F. A. Knauff, C. F. John- 
son, W. H. K Abbott, Cyrus W. Davis, Martin Blaisdell, Gedeon 
Richer. 

School Committtec — E. T. Wyman, John E. Nelson, Horace 
Purinton, D. S. Wheeler, J. W. Black, Sara Lang, Fannie Angle. 

Transportation and Military Committee — R. W. Dunn, 
Edward Ware, R. L. Proctor, W. F. Bodge, A. B. Reny. John 
H. Gould. 

Horses, Carriages and Equipment Committee — B. P. Wells, E. 
E. Decker, F. E. Brown, G. E. Barrows, Frank Paul. 

Committee on Reception — The Mayor and Mrs. Blaisdell, Dr. 
and Mrs. F. C. Thayer, Mr. and Mrs. W. B. Arnold, Miss Grace 
E. Matthews, Rev. and Mrs. E. L. Marsh, P. S. Heald, Mrs. 
J. H. Grondin, Pres. and Mrs. C. L. White, W. A. R. Boothby, 
Mrs. Ann AL Pulsifer, Mr. and Mrs. \. W. Flood, Rev. N. 
Charland. 

Trades Display Committee — E. C. Wardwell, L. H. Soper, 
George Overend, G. W. Dorr, J. F. Elden, S. E. Whitcomb, H. 
R. Dunham. W. C. Hawker, O. G. Springfield. E. D. Noyes, 
Harry Haskell. 

Parade Committee— W. C. Philbrook, W. E. Reid, Dr. A. Joly, 
Dana P. Foster, Dr. L. G. Bunker, L. G. Salisbury, G. S. Dolloff. 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 5 

Fireworks and Illumination Committee — H. E. Judkins, Frank 
Chase, F. J. Arnold, VV. A. Hager, F. J. Goodridge, W. H. 
Savage. 

Advertising and Printing Committee — Dr. J. F. Hill, C. E. 
Matthews, J. H. Welch, C. A. Redington, J. N. Webber. 

Badges and Emblems Committee — Dr. E. L. Jones, F. B. 
Hubbard, F. W. Noble, Daisy Plaisted, Mrs. W. M. Dunn, Annie 
Dorr, Emma F. Lovering. 

I'ire Department Committee — George F. Davies, George L. 
Learned, W. H. Rancourt, Calvin C. Dow, C. E. Bushey. 

Music Committee — VV. M. Dunn, Llewellyn B. Cain, Prof. C. 
B. Stetson, Charles Wentworth, Mrs. F. W. Johnson, Mrs. 
George F. Davies, Mrs. A. W. Flood. 

Committee on Sports and Athletics — Dr. C. W. Abbott, H. L. 
Simpson, John DeOrsay, Leslie P. Loud, H. B. Snell, Charles 
Walsh, S. F. Brann. 

The executive committee consisted of the chairman of the 
committee of one hundred, the secretary and treasurer, and the 
respective chairmen of the sub-committees, as follows : 

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 

Dr. Frederick C. Thayer, President ; F. W. Clair, Esq., Clerk ; 
F. A. Knauff, Treasurer; The Mayor, W. T. Haines, W. C. 
Philbrook, S. S. Brown, Frank Redington, Dr. E. L. Jones, G. F. 
Davies, Rev. E. C. Whittemore, B. P. Wells, H. E. Judkins, Rev. 
E. L. Marsh, Dr. C. W. Abbott, F. A. Knauff. Dr. J. F. Hill, 
W. M. Dunn, E. R. Drummond, E. C. Wardwell, E. T. Wyman, 
R. W. Dunn. 

The committee on invitation was instructed to invite the gov- 
ernor and staff to be the guests of the city. 

Rev. E. C. Whittemore made a report for the literary com- 
mittee, in which they recommended a history of the town, a poem, 
and an oration, as the literary program for the celebration. 
They recommended that the history be published in book form. 
The committee were given full power to act as they thought 
advisable. 

The finance committee was instructed to raise the sum of five 
thousand dollars for the payment of the expenses of the 
centennial. 



6 HISTORY OF WATERVILI.E. 

It was voted that the literary committee be given full power 
to have written and published a book containing a history of the 
town and city. It was voted to construct a centennial arch, and 
that power be given to the illuminating and decorating commit- 
tee to build the same, after conference with the next city gov- 
ernment. Attention was called to the fact that the dates of the 
centennial celebration and the commencement of Colby College 
were the same, and in order to avoid having the exercises of both 
come at the same time, a committee was appointed, consisting 
of Dr. F. C. Thayer, Rev. E. C. Wiittemore, and S. S. Brown, 
whose duties were to confer with the authorities of the college 
for the puqjose of arranging hours and dates to avoid conflict. 
This committee attended to its duty, and the authorities of the 
college very graciously decided to postpone the commencement 
exercises until \\'ednesday, the 25th. At the meeting on April 
4, IQ02. it was voted that the regular meetings of the committee 
be held on Friday evening of each week. 

Invitations were extended to the towns of \^"inslow and Oak- 
land to send official representatives to be the guests of the city. 
Right Reverends Robert Codman and W. H. O'Connell were 
also invited. 

June 2d, Rev. E. C. \\'hittemore reported that Hon. J- Man- 
chester Haynes, who had been engaged to deliver the centennial 
oration, on account of poor health would not be able to keep 
the engagement and that the committee had secured as orator, 
Hon. Warren C. Philbrook of this city. Dr. Frederick C. 
Thayer was elected marshal of the parade. A special committee 
was appointed consisting of Dr. Thayer. Dr. Hill and Rev. E. C. 
W'hittemore. and this committee was directed to prepare and 
publish an official program of the centennial celebration. 

From the beginning the committees had worked with great 
vigor, careful attention to detail and in the utmost harmony. No 
unpleasant incident occurred in the committees and none occurred 
in the celebration. The citizens showed their sympathy by 
hearty co-operation : it was notably an affair of the whole city, 
there was no such thing as class, party, faction or favoritism in 
the matter. Mayor Blaisdell heartily recommended in his inau- 
gural address a liberal appropriation and the sum of two thousand 
live hundred dollars was voted bv the citv government. The 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 7 

citizens and the corporations responded cheerfully and liberally to 
the calls of the finance committee, so that the bills of the centen- 
nial are all provided for. Dr. F. H. Getchell of Philadelphia sent 
an unsolicited contribution of twenty-five dollars to the committee. 
Mayor Blaisdell and the contractors used utmost endeavors to 
have the new citv hall in readiness. The city was ready when 
the day came for the opening of its doors to its great "at home," 
but it had meant a vast amount of careful, hard and persistent 
work. 

At all of the meetings of thecommittee great interest was mani- 
fested by the members. The committee did not adjourn at any 
time for want of a quorum and at almost every meeting of the 
committee nearly every member was present. The sub-com- 
mittees attended to the duties assigned them and worked with 
energy for the success of the celebration. They made frequent 
reports to the executive committee. The executive committee, 
at no time found any fault, but on the contrary, have nothing 
but praise for the sub-committees. The chairman of the com- 
mittee attended all the meetings and his enthusiasm and labors 
were unbounded. 

The authorities of Colby College co-operated with good will, 
postponing their exercises, and lending the committee the use 
of their athletic field. Members of the faculty, who were upon 
the sub-committees, faithfully performed their duties. The 
thanks of the citizens are due to the authorities and faculty of 
Colby College. 



CHAPTER 1. 



THE CENTENNIAL CELEBRATION. 
By William Abbott Smith, A. M. 

The celebration of the city's centennial occupied three days, 
Sunday, Monday, and Tuesday, June 22-24, 1902. By way of 
preparation for this event the citizens seem to have vied with 
each other in the taste and elegance of the decorations with 
which their homes and places of business were adorned. Spec- 
ially noticeable were the stores and offices on Main street, the 
buildings themselves being scarcely visible for the profusion of 
red, white, and blue with which they were hung, yet every part 
of the city announced its loyalty and appreciation of the events 
which were transpiring by donning more or less extensively a 
holiday attire. The public buildings were tastefully decorated, 
and prominent among the decorative features was the arch which 
spanned the square near the Elmwood Hotel. This was so sit- 
uated as to show to advantage from Main street. Elm street, and 
College avenue. On the north side of this arch over the center 
was painted the city seal, on the right of which was a painting of 
Fort Halifax, and on the left one of Ticonic falls. The south 
side of the arch was tastefully decorated with flags and bunting, 
while over four hundred electric lamps provided a brilliant 
illumination of the whole. 

Along the principal streets at short intervals banners and flags 
were hung, and everywhere the city gave evidence that it was 
conscious of having reached a milestone in its history, the pass- 
ing of which was a signal for a brief holiday, in which it might 
look back upon the hundred years just passed with excusable 
pride and self-congratulation, and to the future with renewed 
hope and confidence. 



i?K 




HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 9 

Several days before the time appointed for the celebration to 
begin, there was published and put into circulation "The Official 
Programme." This contained a complete list of the executive 
committee, the committee of One Hundred, and of all special 
committees appointed to further the interests of the celebration. 
These were followed by several pages of interesting facts relat- 
ing to the city's history and present activities. Facilities for 
entertainment during the celebration were carefully enumerated, 
and finally, the complete programme of the centennial celebra- 
tion was given. 

The pamphlet also contained half-tone cuts of the new City 
Hall, several of the churches, schoolhouses. Alumni Chemical 
Building of Colby College, etc. 

But the final preparations for the festivities of the celebration 
were indeed the most fitting of all. These consisted of the ser- 
vices held in each of the churches on the morning of Sunday, 
June 22nd. The capacity of each house of worship was tested 
to its utmost, so that a large proportion of the citizens and 
visitors were enabled to join in appropriate services at the 
churches of their choice. The pastors ordered their services and 
adapted their discourses with special reference to the city's cen- 
tennial. At the Baptist church the centennial celebration gave 
place to the baccalaureate sermon before the graduation classes 
of Colby College by President White. 

Sunday evening at City Hall occurred the first of the exercises 
under the auspices of the centennial committee. For this service 
the following programme was arranged : 

RELIGIOUS MASS MEETING SUNDAY EVENING. 

Religious Mass Meeting, City Hall, 7.30 P. M. Rev. Edward 
Lester Marsh, presiding. 

Music by Hall's orchestra. Prof. R. B. Hall, conductor ; the 
Cecilia Club, 80 voices ; Prof. C. B. Stetson, president ; Dr. 
Latham True, conductor ; Mrs. Franklin W. Johnson, pianist. 

Order. 
Overture, selected. Hall's Orchestra 

Invocation, Rev. Arthur G. Pettengill 



lO HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Hallelujah Chorus, Handel 

Cecilia Club. 
ScriiTture Lesson, Rev. Albert A. Lewis 

"Jndge Me, O God," Dudley Buck 

Mr. Llewellyn B. Cain. 
Prayer, Rev. George Bruce Nicholson 

"The Lord is my Light,'' Allistein 

Miss Eva M. Goodrich. 
Sermon, Rev. William H. P. Faunce, D. D., 

President of Brown University. 
Selection from Ninety-fifth Psalm. Mendelssohn 

Cecilia Club. 
Prayer, Rev. Charles L- White 

President of Colby College. 
Hymn, Kipling's Recessional 

Benediction, Rev. J. F. Rhodes 

It will always be a source of pleasure and satisfaction to the 
citizens of Waterville to recall this first gathering in the city's 
new hall. In every way the opera house demonstrated its ability 
to satisfy the fondest hopes of its builders, and to fulfill its 
promise of furnishing the city with a commodious, useful and 
beautiful room for public gatherings. On this occasion it was 
artistically decorated with ferns and palms, with flowers in 
abundance. But one regret obtruded itself upon the observer, 
and that was that hundreds, perhaps thousands of people were 
unable to find even standing room within hearing of the speakers. 
This fact, however, instead of furnishing a ground for criticism 
of the capacity of the audience room, was only a true prophecy 
of the interest and enthusiasm with which the inhabitants and 
friends of the city were to enter into the celebration of its one 
hundredth birthday. The doors were opened at 6.45 to holders 
of tickets which had been distributed through the pastors of the 
churches : and when, at 7.20 the hall was thrown open to the 
public, comparatively few of the multitude which stood waiting 
could find accommodation. 

As the evening advanced it became evident that every partici- 
pant in the programme had made preparation with full appre- 
ciation of the signficance of the occasion. Prof. Hall never 
fails to master his audiences, especially when his local orchestra 



HISTORY OF WATHRVILLE. II 

is augmented by artists from the ]\Taine Symphony. INIr. Cain 
and Miss Goodrich are always favorites with Waterville audi- 
ences, and at this time amply justitied the artistic taste of their 
many admirers. The Cecilia Club showed the result of the con- 
scientious and thorough work of Dr. True. The selection from 
the 95th psalm in which the aria was sung by Miss Kate Sturte- 
vant was enjoyed. Specially impressive, however, was the 
rendition of Kipling's "Recessional," in which the audience 
joined, and which was certainly no less appropriate on this occa- 
sion than at the Queen's Jubilee for which it was first designed. 
The sermon by President Faunce was a masterpiece. To do 
it justice in a brief report is an impossibility. Indeed it is only 
when every word is emphasized by the strong personality and 
powerful magnetism of the speaker himself that any true impres- 
sion of the sermon can be obtained. 

The following abstract appeared in the A\'aterville Mail and 
The Sentinel, and will give as well perhaps as can be given the 
preacher's general line of thought. 

Subject — The State. The School and the Church. 

The century which has elapsed since the founding of Water- 
ville has been justly called the "wonderful century." Men have 
discovered more facts, and invented more mechanisms in the last 
100 years than in all preceding history. But the greatness of 
our apparatus ought to mean greatness of intellect and character. 
The difference between the old hand loom and the modern loom 
is enormous; is the difference ar great between the man who 
stood behind the former and the man who stands behind the lat- 
ter? What is the use of the incandescent light if it does not 
enable the citizen to see his duty? What is the advantage of 
travelling at 60 miles an hour if we are as discontented at the end 
of the journey as at the beginning? The aim of our civilization 
is not to whiten the seas with the sails of commerce, but to 
develop the simple, homely virtues which are the chief defense 
of our nation, the best safeguards of the fireside and the home. 

We owe to the state our freedom to speak and to act. It is 
said that our New England fathers were narrow. Yes they 
were, as Niagara is narrow when it gathers up the waters of the 
Great Lakes in smooth, green flood, and pours them through one 
narrow channel with the power of eight million horses plunging 



12 HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 

toward the sea. They that Hve dehcately are in kind's houses, 
but the founders of state are of sterner stuff. 

We, the sons of the Puritan, must develop a new sense of civic 
pride and municipal duty. Americans have succeeded nobly in 
founding states, but they have not yet learned to govern cities. 
Wc shall never learn to govern them until we establish non- 
partisanship in municipal affairs. The provision of parks, libra- 
ries, pure water, good light, has no relation whatever to national 
policies. These are business matters to be decided on business 
principles by men eager to serve their city. The enemies of the 
fathers were the Indians ; ours are the spoilsmen. Their devil 
was painted red with horns and hoofs : ours is the sleek modern 
gentleman with the IVIephistophelian smile. 

The schools of this country are the chief bond of national 
unity. They are the digestive apparatus of the body politic. It 
is a common language, a common social ideal a common love of 
order and liberty, a common political tradition that makes the 
common school. The army of 16,000,000 children in our public 
schools is the best defense of the nation. 

Our higher schools and colleges have contributed much to the 
national seriousness. In the records of the oldest church in 
Rhode Island we read : "This meeting house was built for the 
worship of God and to hold Commencements in." Yale began 
with 40 books contributed by ten men. Colgate began with an 
endowment of $13 contributed by 13 ministers in a village inn. 
Colby College was founded by men of the same spirit as Judson 
and Livingstone. The profession in those early days belonged 
to the noble army of martyrs. Our colleges have given America 
much of its seriousness of purpose and lofty ideal. 

State and school and church must combine in the making of 
men. We are to perpetuate the Puritan type not by mere imi- 
tation, but by reproducing the Puritan spirit. We are weary 
of conventionalized religion — of millinery and formulas and 
heresies. But our age is eager for the religion which can make 
men who shall be sturdy citizens, true scholars and servants of 
their generation. 

Monday, June ^jd, was the city's birthday, and its age was 
announced at sun-rise by a salute fired from a neighboring hill ; 
one gun for each year of the city's life. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. I3 

In the forenoon occurred the dedication of the new City Hall. 
Certainly Waterville could hardly have selected for herself a 
more fitting birthday gift than this fair and convenient home 
for her officials and this comfortable and inspiring meeting place 
for her citizens. If the expressions of satisfaction which came 
from the vast throng that visited every corner of the new build- 
ing on this dedication day is evidence of the opinion of the gen- 
eral public, certainly the efforts of the promoters and builders of 
our city's new hall are not without due appreciation on the part 
of Waterville's citizens. Everywhere there was manifest a sense 
of pleasure and satisfaction that the work was done, and done 
so well. 

At 10 o'clock occurred the dedicatory exercises in the Opera 
House, with the programme as follows : 

Dedication of Nezv City Hall. 
Mr. Frank Redington, Presiding. 
Music Hall's Orchestra 

Prof. R. B. Hall, Conductor. 
Music, The Cecilia Club 

Prayer, Rev. Albert A. Lewis 

Music, Children of the Public Schools 

Miss Lillian Berry, Director. 
Address, Hon. S. S. Brown 

Solo, Mrs. Antonia H. Sawyer 

Address, Frederick W. Clair, Esq. 

Music. The Cecilia Club 

Presentation of the keys of City Hall, Mr. Horace Purinton. 

Acceptance of the keys, His Honor, Mayor Martin Blaisdell 

Solo, Mr. Llewellyn B. Cain 

Address, Ex-Mayor Hon. Chas. F. Johnson 

Music, Halls' Orchestra 

Here again, as on Sunday evening, all gave evidence of the 
wisdom of those who were entrusted with the duty of furnishing 
an appropriate programme for this interesting occasion. 

Mrs. Sawyer is always heard with pleasure in Waterville as 
elsewhere, and it was specially fitting that one of Waterville's 
former residents who has gained a national reputation as an 



14 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

artist of unusual aliility should be heard on this occasion at her 
old home. Also the efficient work of Miss Lillian Berry as 
director of music in the public schools was shown to excellent 
advantage by the really artistic rendering of the "Soldier's 
Chorus" from Gounod's "Faust." by fifty children from the 
eighth and ninth grades. 

The speakers were all at their best, as might have been learned 
by one far beyond the sound of their voices by the frequent and 
prolonged applause which greeted and often interrupted them, 
and never failed to stamp the approval of the listeners at the close 
of each address. 

Probably no man in W'aterville has been more industrious and 
inlluential in arousing the citizens to the need and advantages 
of a new City Hall than Mr. Frank Redington, ex-president of 
the Waterville Board of Trade, and every one recognized the 
appropriateness of the selection of him as presiding officer at 
the dedication of the building which he had labored so faithfully 
to procure. 

Mr. Redingto>i''s Address. 

Mr. Mayor, Gentlemen of the city council. Ladies and Gen- 
tlemen : I assure you it is with a profound sense of honor that 
I assume the position of presiding officer at this first secular 
gathering of our citizens within the walls of this splendid edi- 
fice, and I thank the official board for tendering me this great 
favor. My great grandfather who was a soldier in the war of 
the Revolution, after peace was declared, came to Winslow, and 
cast in his lot with the people of this vicinity. Afterward he 
settled on this side of the river in what is now the city of Water- 
ville, and in co-operation with others built the first dam across 
the Kennebec river at this point more than one hundred years 
ago. Ever since then some of the Redington family have been 
residents of Waterville, and you may readily see that the history 
of our city is one in which I have much interest. 

One hundred years ago Waterville had a citizenship of about 
eight hundred souls, and as we come along down the stream of 
time we find an almost continuous growth with a lull now and 
then which only emphasized the growth. About 1870 it seemed 
that we were sinking into a state called by Grover Cleveland 
"Inocuous desuetude," but rescue was at hand and the Lockwood 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 15 

Cotton Mill started the bail to rolling in the right direction. 
Since then our progress has been steady and wholesome. Nearly 
all of you are familiar with our recent history, and I will only say 
that we have reached our present size of 10,000 in good season 
to celebrate our looth anniversary. 

This building which we dedicate today is a structure of which 
we may well be proud. Its career began more than seven years 
ago, when was first conceived the idea of a municipal building, 
suitable and commensurate with our needs. It has had a check- 
ered life, and at times it seemed as if it were drawing its last 
breath, but a renewed effort on the part of its friends brought it 
into activity once again, and we now rejoice that we have a 
suitable home for our city officials, a hall large enough, hand- 
some enough, and properly constructed and equipped for all 
public gatherings. Here we may laugh, and here we may cry. 
Here we may listen to the voice of oratory and the charms of 
oratorio. Here thousands may be swayed by the power of elo- 
quence, and questions of great moment be considered, debated 
and determined. 

This structure is stately and beautiful and accords well with 
the sentiment expressed by Polonius in his precepts to Laertes 
"Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy, rich not gaudy, for the 
apparel oft proclaims the man," and so it is with cities as with 
individuals. It has been said that the world will make a path- 
way to his cabin door who does his work the best, even though 
his home be in the wilderness, and people will surely find us if 
we find ourselves. 

I am undecided whether to place the church or the school first 
in the order of great benefits to a town or city. Certainly religion 
without learning is but a series of superstitions but the two com- 
bined are perhaps co-equal in their great results. 

Next in order, so far as the past is concerned, I would put the 
old town meeting house, wherein the people gathered to discuss 
matters of common interest, and settle questions of municipal 
needs ; and in this building we have the convention hall, the old 
town house remodelled, enlarged, beautified, adorned, and ful- 
filled. Some of you are perhaps thinking of the entertainment 
element which is introduced, for the human mind is so con- 
structed that it needs entertainment as much as the body needs 



l6 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

nourishment. Its desires and demands are God given, and the 
man who thinks to suppress them will find himself ever on the 
wrong side. In the municipal action which has built this hall 
we are on the right road and our future progress depends upon 
ourselves. If we in fancy should attempt to reach the source of 
all knowledge and prosperity and should ask of the Goddess of 
Knowledge the keys to her treasure house that we might learn 
its secret, she would point back to earth and with a smile would 
utter the one word "Work." Work with the hands, and work 
with the brain ; this it is that brings results. 

But I am not here to speak to you. I am here to introduce 
speakers. The first man whom I shall call upon is the Hon. 
Simon S. Brown of the Waterville Bar. 

Mr. Brown's address was largely of congratulation. In very 
appropriate words he congratulated the city on its solid pros- 
perity. He paid a fitting tribute to Mayor Blaisdell for his 
arduous and valuable labors in connection with the erection of 
City Hall and to the builders, Horace Purinton and Co., for the 
thoroughness as well as the beauty of the building. He referred 
with feeling to the old City Hall and to the men who had spoken 
there in the past. Because of what the old hall had been in the 
life of the town he thought that it should have been appropri- 
ately decorated for the Centennial. Its own centennial might 
have been observed several years ago. 

After singing by Mrs. Antonia H. Sawyer, which was greatly 
enjoyed and greatly applauded, Frederick W. Clair, Esq., was 
introduced. His address v^-as fittingly historical. He sketched 
the somewhat checkered history of the City Hall movement in a 
delightfully humorous fashion. In an able and suggestive man- 
ner he spoke of the true policy of the progressive city. 

In presenting the keys of the building to Mayor Blaisdell, Mr. 
Horace Purinton, of the firm of Horace Purinton and Co., the 
builders, spoke as follows : 
Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen : 

On an occasion like this very little need be said by the builder 
of the building. What we say here today will soon be forgotten 
but what has been done here will abide and will be speaking long 
after we are gone. On the 12th day of last July contracts were 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. ^^ 

signed for the erection of this building. At that time the most of 
the material entering into the construction of this building was in 
its natural state. 

The stone for the trimmings was in the quarries of northern 
New York and Michigan. The material for the terra cotta was 
then in the clay banks of New Jersey. The material for the brick 
was in its natural state in the clay banks within our borders. 
The lumber for the finish was at the mills in Indiana and Georgia 
in the rough, the lumber for the frame being in the log on its 
way to the mill on our beautiful Kennebec river. It is worthy 
of note at this time that the facilities are such in this our day to 
biing the material from so great a distance, have it worked into 
form and put together in less than a year's time. 

Hon. S. S. Brown, who has spoken this morning, has very 
kindly spoken of our part in the construction of this building. 
In behalf of the members of our firm I thank him but not all the 
credit belongs to us. The architect and building committees 
have planned and directed wisely, and other contractors have 
done work here and deserve credit with ourselves. And there 
are others who deserve great honor and credit who are sometimes 
overlooked on occasions like this. I refer to the skilled 
mechanics and workmen who have taken the raw material, 
molded, and built it into this structure, and whose skill and 
workmanship will be a joy and beauty to us and generations fol- 
lowing. 

I want to express here mv appreciation of this skill and faith- 
fulness with which these men have wrought, many of them our 
own fellow citizens. 

Mr. Mayor, chairman of the building committee, I thank you 
and the gentlem.en associated with you for the courtesy and 
patience with which you have treated us during the construction 
of this building. 

It only remains now for me to pass to you the keys and give 
the building for the use and pleasure of the people of our beloved 
city. 

In accepting the keys Mayor Blaisdell spoke briefly of the sig- 
nificence of the event, and in behalf of the building committee 
and the City Government expressed appreciation of the faithful 
and honest work done by the builders, making special mention 



l8 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

of the foreman, Mr. Frank Merriman. He included in his appre- 
ciation the mechanics and laborers who had been employed upon 
the building. 

A noticeable thing in the addresses of Mr. Purinton and Mayor 
Blaisdell was their kindly appreciation of the work of others. 

The final address of the morning was given by Hon. Charles 
F. Johnson, ex-mayor of the city. 

The Centennial element of the celebration, the connection of 
the past with the present, the memory of those whom we revere 
and the pathos as well as the gladness of the home-coming of 
the old residents, all these found place in an address which was 
not only eloquent but in perfect accord with the spirit of the 
occasion. 

A pleasant feature, unannounced on the programme, was the 
arrival during the exercises of Governor and Mrs. Hill attended 
by several of the Governor's staflf and members of his Council. 
Hon. Wm. T. Haines of the Council did the honors of the 
occasion and entertained the Governor and his party during their 
stay in the city. 

MONDAY AFTERNOON. 

On Monday afternoon the literary exercises of the Centennial 
were held at Monument Park. It is doubtful if so many people 
were ever gathered into an audience within the limits of the city 
as on this afternoon. The expectations of those who had 
arranged for the accommodation and comfort of a large audience 
by an open-air meeting were not disappointed. 

A large platform had been erected against the north side of 
the Coburn Institute building. Here were seated the Governor 
and party, the executive committee of the Centennial, members 
of the city government and visitors. Among the sons of Water- 
ville who were theie were Hon. Frederic E. Boothby, mayor of 
Portland; Hon. J. Manchester Haynes of Augusta; Hon. 
Josiah H. Drummond of Portland : Prof. William Mathews, L. 
L. D., of Boston, and many others. The descendants of many 
of the early residents of the town Vv-ere present and their presence 
added greatly to the enjoyment of the occasion. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 19 

The programme was as follows : 

Dr. Frederick C. Thayer, Presiding. 
Music, Hall's Military Band 

Prof. R. B. I-Iall, leader. 
Greeting, His Honor, Maitin Blaisdell, Mayor of Waterville 
Prayer, 
Rev. Geo. D. B. Pepper, D. D., LL. D., Lately President of Colby 

College. 
Welcome by chairman of Centennial Committee of One Hundred, 
Dr. Frederick C. Thayer. 

Music. 
Response, His Excellency, Gov. John F. Hill 

Historical Address, Rev. Edwin Carey Whittemore 

Music. 
Poem, j\Irs. Julian D. Taylor 

Read by Prof. Arthur J. Roberts of Colby College. 
Oration, Hon. W. C. Philbrook 

Lately Mayor of Waterville. 
Music, Hall's Military Band 

Dr. Thayer's Address. 

Waterville has rounded out the first century of its existence 
as a distinct municipality and today its sons and daughters, 
neighbors and friends celebrate this supreme event. 

In behalf of the committee of One Hundred, who have had in 
charge all matters pertaining to this celebration, the very pleasant 
duty devolves upon me to welcome you, everyone, to the fes- 
tivities of this significant occasion. 

From the east, from the west, from the north, from the south, 
you have come back to the place of your birth to lay your tribute 
of loyalty and afifection at its shrine, to rejoice in its prosperity 
and the fulfillment of its first century of corporate existence, and 
to you especially do we extend a most cordial welcome. 

Our one hundred years stand for more in the way of achieve- 
ment than all the previous centuries within historic times. The 
most cursory glance at its history reveals this truth, and shows 
how its great inventions and their adaptation to the needs of man 
have marked new epochs in the development of the human race. 

Human life as it now e.xists in this country woidd be well nigh 
impossible without our present means of transit and transporta- 



20 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

tion, without the rapid interchange of thought and opinion, and 
the quick knowledge of current events transpiring daily within 
its vast domain. 

The comforts of Hfe have been vastly enhanced by the adop- 
tion and use of a thousand things now called common, all the 
gift of the nineteenth century. 

Science, art, letters, indeed, every phase of human development 
and attainment are greatly in advance, yes, immeasurably so, of 
the time when our forefathers laid the foundation upon which 
we have builded. 

While we may not be able to boast that from our midst have 
gone forth any of the great minds which have moved the world, 
or that we have given to mankind any wonderful invention, or 
great idea which has changed the trend of thought or action, yet 
we may well pride ourselves that we have contributed our share 
to the great store of general knowledge, the sum of which has 
been so potent in the advancement of the world, in the better- 
ment of the human race. 

Again I extend to you our most cordial greetings and welcome 
you to our hearts and our hearthstones. 

To His Excellency, the Chief Magistrate of this good old 
Commonwealth, who for the time has laid aside the cares of 
state and honored us with his presence, do we extend the cordial 
warm hand of welcome. 

To the sons and daughters of Watcrville, who by their success 
and eminence in the homes of their adoption, have brought 
special honor to the place of their birth, in short to all as to those 
who have wrought well their part, do we give glad welcome to 
the home of their childhood, the home of their fathers. We are 
glad to welcome also the representatives of so many of the cities 
and towns of our goodly State of Maine and to respond to the 
good will which has brought them to celebrate with us the cen- 
tennial of Waterville. 

The response to the above address, given by His Excellency, 
Governor Hill, was an eloquent appreciation of what Waterville 
stands for in the Commonwealth, and of congratulation on her 
progress and prospects. The presence of Governor and Mrs. 
Hill and their evident sympathy with the spirit of the occasion 
was highly appreciated by both citizens and visitors. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE;. 21 

The History, Poem, and Oration are to be found elsewhere 
in this volume and speak for themselves. No feature of the cen- 
tennial however will be of such lasting value and interest to all 
inhabitants of Waterville as the History which has been pre- 
pared by Rev. Edwin C. Whittemore, a portion of which was 
read by him at the Park. It was the universal testimony of his 
hearers that a work of unusual excellence and value had been 
accomplished, which the city both now and in future generations 
will not fail to appreciate. All parts of the program were 
listened to with much pleasure, and the large audience was held 
to the end by the freshness of thought and power of eloquence 
which each speaker displayed. 



MONDAY EX'ENING. 

For Monday evening a grand illumination of the city was 
announced, and surely the city made itself more impressive under 
the glare of the many thousands of electric lamps than under the 
direct rays of the sun. Crowds of people passed to and fro 
under what appeared at a distance as a continuous arch of lights, 
extending through all the principal streets. The centennial arch 
at Elmwood Park was seen to best advantage at night, with its 
hundreds of electric lights, arranged in graceful lines. 

The center of attraction Monday evening, however, was at 
City Hall, where a reception of the citizens and visitors was held. 
Hall's orchestra occupied the back of the stage, while the receiv- 
ing line extended across the entire front. On the right of the 
line were His Excellency, Governor Hill and Mrs. Hill, beyond 
them in order were : The Mayor and Mrs. Martin Blaisdell, 
Dr. and Mrs. Frederick C. Thayer, Mr. and Mrs. Willard B. 
Arnold, Rev. Edward Lester Marsh, President and Mrs. Charles 
Lincoln White, Miss Grace E. Mathews, Perham S. Heald, Mrs. 
J. H. Grondin, Gedeon Picher, Mrs. Ann M. Pulsifer. Mr. and 
Mrs. Alpheus W. Flood. 

The presentations were made by Mr. John E. Nelson and Hon. 
Chas. F. Johnson. The other ushers were : Frank J. Good- 
ridge, Dr. J. L. Fortier, Albert F. Drummond, Dennis M. Bangs, 
Charles A. Redington, George A. Kennison, Dr. J. Frederick 
Hill, Frederick J. Arnold, William A. Smith, Harry Dubois, 



22 HISTORY OF W ATERVII.LE. 

Horatio R. Dunham, Harvey D. Eaton, Frank \V. Alden, Charles 
J. Chikey, WiUiam Fogarty, Elwood T. Wyman, Dr. John G. 
Towne, Dr. E. E. Goodrich, Henry Darrah. 

For nearly two hours a constant stream of guests passed along 
the line and grasped the hand of each of the receiving committee. 

TCESDAY. 

The last day of the celebration was as brilliant and successful 
in point of the spectacular as the others were from a literary and 
social standpoint. Tuesday forenoon at 10.05 o'clock was the! 
time appointed for the civic, military, trade, and industrial 
parade. It would not have been surprising if such an hetero- 
geneous column as made up this procession should have been 
anywhere from a half an hour to an hour late in starting, but 
surely if such had been the case all would have felt a jar in the 
otherwise absolute precision of the entire celebration. Fortu- 
nately the chief marshal. Dr. F. C. Thayer, felt the incongruity 
of such a delay beforehand, and had the ability to prevent it. 
The procession began to move at exactly the appointed time, and 
the whole parade passed off as smoothly as though it had been 
drilled for weeks. 

The line qf march was as follows : Elm street, to Center, to 
Pleasant, to Western avenue, to Elm, to Spring, to Gold, to Main, 
to Water, to Silver, to Main, to College avenue, to Depot Square, 
to Alain, to Elm, to Monument Park where the parade was 
dismissed. 

The length of the parade was such that any extended descrip- 
tion of each of its separate attractions would require all the pages 
that this volume contains. Yet it will always be of interest to 
the friends of Waterville to have a brief record of this proces- 
sion, sufficiently detailed to convey some impression of the inge- 
nuity of the many men and women who contributed so lavishly 
of their means and skill to make this parade a truly magnificent 
affair, such a record was found in the Waterville Sentinel of 
Wednesday, June 25th, and is copied here with but slight and 
unimportant omissions which lack of space compels. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLi:. 23 

THE PARADE. 

Platoon of police. 

Dr. Frederick C. Thayer, chief marshal, and staff. 

Adjutant and Chief of Staff'. Dana P. Foster. 

The staff: Dr. A. Joly, Lowell G. Salisbury, Ernest E. 
Decker, Cyrus \\'. Davis, Horatio D. Bates, Dr. J. F. Hill, Dr. 
L. G. Bunker, George S. Dolloff, Howard B. Snell, George H. 
Groder, Elwood T. Wyman, Hascall S. Hall, Dr. E. E. Goodrich. 

Elm City Guards, mounted, Capt. Ray Blanchard. 

First Division. 

Hall's Military Band. 

Dr. L. G. Bunker, chief of division, with two aids. 

Centennial float, "Fair Waterville." 

Co. H., Infantry, Second Regiment, N. G. S. M., Capt. A. T. 
Shurtleff. 

Battaliori Second Regiment, Patriarchs Militant, Maj. Evander 
Gilpatrick, commanding. 

Canton Halifax. 

Canton Augusta. 

Society Union Lafayette, Gedeon Richer, commander. 

Float showing the first meeting of Gen. Washington and the 
Marquis de Lafayette. Two stalwart figures in the dress of two 
centuries ago amicably conferring across a table. 

Ancient Order of L^nited Workmen, Uniform Rank, Edwin 
Towne commanding. 

Waterville Cadets, uniformed, Capt. George E. Tolman. 

W. S. Heath Post, No. 14, G. A. R., in carriages. Department 
Commander James L. ^lerrick in first carriage. 

Second Division. 
Knights of Pythias Second Regiment Band. 
George S. Dolloff, chief with two aids. 
Uniform Rank, K. P., E. J. Brown, captain. 
Float representing Damon and Pythias in classic robes grasp- 
ing each other's hand with the mystic grip. 

St. John Baptist Society, Michael Morin, commander. 



24 HISTORY OF \\ATnK\-ILLE. 

Float containing a dainty little maiden in white, the cross and 
banner of the order in one hand and the other resting lovingly 
in the fleece of a snowy white lamb. 

The Bricklayer's Union, Joseph Preault, president. 

Allan Williams, deputy. The masons marched in well kept 
ranks clad in white duck suits. These were followed by a float 
showing bricklayers and masons of I'nion No. 8 busily at work 
on a structure of brick and granite. 

Union St. Joseph, Jules Gamach, commander, showing the 
carpenter at work at the bench. 

Third Division. 

George Groder, chief, with two aids. 

Float, "The Village School," a representation of a red brick 
schoolhouse, green yard and white fence. 

Carriages with invited guests and Waterville city government. 

Members of the Centennial executive committee. 

C. H. Nelson driving the famous Nelson, 2.09. 

Horses from Sunnyside Farm, (!ri-\-en by young ladies, two 
mounted, handsomely arrayed. 

H. R. Mitchell, the florist, had a beautiful float, consisting of 
a monster basket of flowers, tied with white ribbons and 
streamers. 

E. S. Dunn, the tailor, had a beautifully decorated cart in the 
flower section. 

Pourth Division. 

Howard B. Snell, chief, with two aids. 

Waterville Bicycle Club with floats of four bicycles abreast 
drawing a chariot. 

The club followed in double rank of decorated wheels. 

Olympia Band of Augusta. 

Then came the trades display, complete and beautiful, and 
made up as follows : 

Otten, the baker, had a handsome display of thirteen men in 
white duck with white top hats, carrying white canes. Then 
came a brick oven hard at work and after that Fleischman & 
Go's, team, followed by the Otten deliverv wagons and a big float 
of "Uneeda's," with four girls on the corners, tossing National 
biscuits into the crowd. 



HISTORY OF WATERV'ILLE. 25 

W. B. Arnold, hardware and plumbing. 

L. H. Soper put in a beautiful float in yellow and white on 
which rode nine girls. The sides and ends of the float formed 
open oval panels and the eftect was charming. 

The Hollingsworth & Whitney Company had a notable exhibit 
drawn by six powerful horses. The lower part of the float was 
made up of the various kinds of paper their mills turn out and 
on the top of all was a giant roll of paper 148 inches wide, weigh- 
ing 5,250 pounds and measuring seven and one-half miles in 
length. 

The Florence fruit store, four teams. 

Singer Sewing Machine Company, one team. 

Standard Oil Company, one tank. 

J. J. Pray, carriages and harnesses. 

The Bay View Hotel, one carriage. 

The Dickinson City Harness Store, three floats, one with 
bicycles and one with trunks. 

Allen & Pollard, groceries, delivery wagon and float with forty 
barrels of flour. 

Redington & Co., two teams, one a float with a parlor suit and 
the other piled high with rich carpeting. 

Young & Chalmers had four decorated ice carts of the present, 
followed by an ante-diluvian rig labelled "the ice cart of 1850." 

Whitcomb & Cannon advertised their meats with an elaborate 
and tasty collection of garnished loins and quarters, the team 
being driven by a boy in white. 

Blanchard, the music dealer, livened the waits with a phono- 
graph which was working overtime on the wagon seat. 

Proctor & Bowie of Winslow, had a float showing a modern 
kitchen, followed by a float advertising Sun Proof paints and 
containing an excellent miniature of the block house at Fort 
Hahfax. ^ 

G. S. Flood & Co., coal cart decorated in green and white. 

H. C. Haskell, grocer, one team. 

Wardwell Brothers had a beautiful float in red and white, a 
courtly array with a high throne filled by a queen in red and 
white, with a white parasol, while below her sat the beauties of 
the court, all in white. The effect was unusually attractive. 

Pomerleau had a schooner-rigged float filled with school chil- 
dren, the sails of the vessel furnishing advertising space. 



20 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

P. P. Herbst had a handsome float driven by two Indian war- 
riors, eight men being busily engaged making cigars. 

S. A. and A. B. Green had their coal wagons filled with anthra- 
cite and decorated with flowers and bunting. 

E. W. Drake, assistant superintendent of the International 
Correspondence School of Scranton, Pa., made a good hit with 
his Resolution Club in parade. 

Dunham, the clothier, set forth the changes in the dress of the 
American in the four centuries past, each period being repre- 
sented by a youth in the attire of that time. 

Cunningham &• Smith had a big white shoe on their float filled 
with so many children they didn't know what to do. A clown 
did the driving. 

Armour & Co., had a yellow wagon filled with their products, 
surmounted by a monster ham. 

The Maine Central market had a tea and coffee wagon filled to 
the brim. 

Clukey & Libby Co.. had four representations, including 
twenty-four boys in gray dusters with red advertising umbrellas ; 
a float with twelve young ladies in white with white and rose 
sunshades, the team being decorated with 500 poppies and drawn 
by four gray horses with white harnesses. 

G. S. Dolloff & Co., had a float representing "Our Defenders — 
The Men Behind the Guns." The float contained a five-inch 
brass cannon manned by four jackies in white. 

The Whittemore Furniture Company had a float in green and 
garnet filled with coiiches of their manufacture. 

Arthur Daviau, a decorated grocery wagon. 

The Ticonic Mineral Spring Company had a float of the forest 
primeval with a bark tepee and a trio of dusky braves in their 
blankets, followed by one of the delivery carts. 

H. C. Shores, milk and cream. 

H. L. Emery's dry goods float represented a big round daisy 
made of dainty little girls in white with damsels in yellow form- 
ing the center. 

The Vigue Harness & Carriage Company had a four-horse 
float with a bicycle carriage and show window horse of shining 
proportions. 

The LoverinP: Hair Store had two pretty little misses in a pony 
cart, shaded by a rose trimmed parasol. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 27 

J. L. Light, grocery wagon. 

Waterville Steam Dye House, two teams. 

Golden Oil Company, Henry Tucker, one team. 

Union Farm Creamery, two teams, the latter filled with young 
porkers. 

W. P. Stewart & Co., grocers, two teams. 

Atherton Furniture Company, a wagon-load of attractive 
goods. 

A float representing the old ferry boat of commerce, filled with 
boys. 

E. G. Grondin, clothier, a float in which a Chinee washerman 
was making the ringer hum. 

Fifth Division. 
Payne's Second Regiment Band, Lewiston. 
George F. Davies, chief engineer, of Waterville fire depart- 
ment, as chief of division, with two aids. 
Waterville steamer No. i. 
Hose Truck No. i. 
Hook and Ladder No. i. 
Hose Company No. 2. 
Hose Company No. 3. 
Hose Company No. 4. 
Columbia racing team and reel. 
' The "Bloomer." 
Carriages with ex-chiefs of the Waterville fire department. 

The summary of the parade is given as follows : Time in 
passing a given point, 38 minutes ; number of floats, 95 ; number 
men on foot, 594 ; number men on horses, 35 ; number bands, 4 ; 
number carriages, 22 ; number men on bicycles, 22. To the eye- 
witness the procession was one that will linger long in memory. 

TUESDAY AFTERNOON. 

Although Tuesday forenoon's parade was, in point of display, 
the high water mark of the celebration, yet the vast multitude of 
visitors which had come with the intention of enjoying a long 

1. The Bloomer was a reproduction of Waterville'3 first fire engine bought 
in 1810. 



28 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

day of festivities was not to be left without entertainment. In 
the afternoon the contests by the fire companies, directed by 
Chief Engineer George F. Davics ; the sports, under the direc- 
tion of Dr. C. W. Abbott, consisting of the baseball game between 
the Waterville city team and Colby, and the balloon ascension on 
the college campus, were amply sufficient to keep the spectator 
occupied and interested ; and in the evening the concert by Hall's 
Military Band on Elmwood Park formed a fitting close to the 
celebration. 

No accident of any kind occurred to mar the pleasure of the 
occasion. As the railroads sold about twenty thousand Water- 
ville tickets, it is a conservative estimate that at least twenty-five 
thousand people visited the city during the centennial. Many 
estimated the number as high as thirty-five thousand. The good 
work in advertising done by Chairman Dr. J. Frederick Hill, 
the interest of Maine in Waterville, and the central location of 
the city all contributed to this satisfactory result. There was 
no drunkenness, disorder or even incivility upon the streets. The 
labors of the centennial committee and of its efficient chairman, 
Dr. Thayer, were abundantly successful. The public spirit and 
the civic patriotism of the citizens were increased and their love 
was quickened for the fair city in which they dwell. Perhaps 
the most appropriate characterization of the whole celebration 
would be, that it was in every way worthy of the city under 
whose auspices it took place and whose birth day it celebrated. 



CHAPTER II. 



TECONNET AND WINSLOW. 
By Rev. Edwin Carey Whittemore. 

One hundred years have passed since on June 23, 1802, the 
Great and General Court of Massachusetts incorporated the town 
of Waterville. Today under conditions which place her among 
the most favored of the cities of New England, Waterville 
gathers her citizens, calls back those whom unkind fortune has 
compelled to reside elsewhere, reviews the ascending path of 
her prosperity and with tender thoughts of those whose life work 
has been given to the past, faces the future with confidence 
and with hope. Appropriate is the place (Monument Park) in 
which we are convened. On one side, this noble building and 
the nobler name which it bears, stand for discipline, education, 
sound preparation for life. In the center of the park as in our 
history, stands the Soldiers' Monument, the perpetual memorial 
to the patriotism of those sons of Waterville who died that the 
nation might live, and over yonder is a Christian church. These 
three, education, patriotism, religion, have determined the char- 
acter of the town's civil life and when sound and productive busi- 
ness, as represented by the stores and the great manufactories 
beside Ticonic Falls is added, the foundation of permanent pros- 
perity is complete. 

In order, however, the better to understand and the more 
highly to appreciate the century which we celebrate, a glance 
should be given to the centuries which were before it. If 
Assiminasqua, the eloquent orator of old Teconnet could speak to 

Note. Chapters II anil III were delivered in part, aa the historical address at 
the celebration of the centennial ot Waterville June 23, 1902. 



30 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

US today, he would narrate events moie thrilling than those 
which living man can tell though it is ours to record the 
unmerited disaster, tragedy and annihilation of his race. 

In 1497, five years after the discovery of America by Colum- 
bus, Henry VII of England sent an expedition to these shores. 
John Cabot was in command and with him was his son Sebastian. 
The expedition reached Labrador, June 24, 1497, and after cruis- 
ing along the coast for three hundred leagues returned to Eng- 
land. The next year, 1498, Sebastian Cabot sailed along the 
whole coast of Maine and across Massachusetts bay.' He was 
disappointed in the matter of finding a course to China but on 
his discoveries England established a claim to the whole country 
from Labrador to New York. 

In 1534 Jaques Cartier vinder commission of Francis I. of 
France, discovered the St. Lawrence river and took possession 
of all adjacent territory in the name of France, thus beginning 
the rival claims which were to vex the country for two hundred 
years. 

Under the patronage of Queen Elizabeth, Sir Humphrey 
Gilbert took possession of Newfoundland August 3, 1583. "in a 
very formal and solemn manner." On the return voyage his 
vessel of only ten tons, foundered and Sir Humphrey and all on 
board were lost. 

In 1603 sailing from ISIilford Haven, April 10, Martin Pring 
entered Penobscot bay on the 7th of June. He describes the 
country and its products in enthusiastic terms but as he found 
no sassafras, he shaped his course for Massachusetts. 

The same year (1603) King Henry IV of France granted to 
Sieur De Monts the whole of North America between 40° and 46° 
noith, viz: the territory between Cape Breton and the Hudson 
river which was named Acadia. Samuel Champlain was the' 
most eminent man connected with the De Monts expedition. He 
explored the entire Maine coast - and his very accurate maps 
were published in Paris in 1613. July 6, 1604, De Monts and 
Champlain had ascended the Sheepscot river and had come out 
into the Kennebec proceeding as far as Merrymeeting bay. The 

1. See Bidille's Memoir of Sebastian Cabot. London, 1832. 

2. "Coaatlns Voyasea in tbe Gulf of Maine, made In the years 1604-5 and 6, by 
Samuel Champlain." By Gen. John Marshall Brown. Coll. Me. Historical Society. 
Vol. VII, pp. 242-243. 



HISTORY OF WATfiRVILLE. 31 

Indians were friendly and informed Cliamplain that the Kenne- 
bec and the Chaiidiere were the great route to the north, also 
that the Indians in this section cultivated the soil. Champlain 
set up a cross on the bank of the river and formally claimed the 
territory as a part of Acadia. This was the first claim made to 
Kennebec territory and it is worthy of note that it was made by 
the father of French colonization in America, Governor of New 
France and founder of Quebec, Samuel Champlain. In his writ- 
ing's we find for the first time the name Quinebequi applied to the 
river, the name signifies dragons or monsters and referred to the 
monsters whose writhings vexed the waters at the Hell Gate in 
the Sheepscot. The expedition of Capt. George Waymouth, 
which sailed from the Downs on JSIarch 31st, 1605, anchored off 
Monhegan May 17th. After considerable exploration, the claim- 
ing of territory for England and the kidnapping of five Indians, 
Capt. Waymouth sailed for home. The claim has been made 
that he entered and explored the Kennebec river,^ but the weight 
of evidence is against it." The same year, 1605, Champlain was 
again in the Kennebec and heard of a vessel six leagues away 
which had captured or killed five natives, evidently Waymouth's. 

Captains Hanham and Pring under the patronage of Sir John 
Popham explored the Sagadahoc in 1606 and were probably the 
first Englishmen to enter the river.' 

The year 1607 is notable for the founding of the first English 
Colony in New England under Popham and Gilbert at the mouth 
of the Kennebec river, called the Popham Colony. The expedi- 
tion which was supported by some of the greatest men in Eng- 
land sailed May 31st, 1607. 

August 19, 1607, the site for a plantation was chosen and forti- 
fications were begun. The colony was planned on a large scale 
and officers were appointed. Worship was instituted according 
to the forms of the English church. September 23d, the colonists 
sent an exploring expedition up the river and on Sunday the 27th, 
they were at Vassalboro, where they set up a cross. On Decem- 
ber 13 Gov. Geo. Popham made a glowing report of the pros- 
pects of the colony : this has been called the first state paper 

1. .John McKeen in Coll. Me. Hist, ooc, vol. 5. pp. 307-340. 

2. "Rosier'sTlue Relation" by Henry Sweetser Barrage, vol. Ill of the publica- 
tion of the Gorges Society. Portland, 1K87. 

3. Tliayer. "The Sagadahoc Colony." Gorges Society, vol. IV. 



32 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

written in America. At that time the colonists were busy build- 
ing the "Virginia," a vessel "about some thirty tonne ;" thus the 
first wooden ship built in America by colonists, was built in a 
Kennebec yard. The severity of the winter (1608) the harsh 
treatment of the Indians by the colonists which provoked repris- 
als, the death of Gov. Geo. Popham and the return of Gilbert 
to England caused the failure of the colony in 1608. 

In 1609 the Jesuits Biard and Masse established a mission at 
Mount Desert and two years later Biencourt and Biard were at 
the Kennebec. The Cannibas, the Indians of the valley "received 
the reverend father with respect and cordiality"' and the first 
Catholic service was held near the Sheepscot. 

In 1614 Capt. John Smith of Virginia fame came with two 
vessels to the Kennebec on a trading expedition. Though he 
spent most of his time in fishing for whales, yet in his book he 
says "We got for trifles, eleven thousand beaver, one hundred 
martens and as many otters. \\"e took and cured forty thousand 
fish, corned or in pickle."" Capt. Smith gave to the country 
between the Hudson river and New-foundland the name of New 
England. After Capt. Smith's departure, his subordinate, Capt. 
Thomas Hunt, who delayed to complete his cargo, kidnapped 
twenty-four natives whom he conveyed to Spain and sold into 
slavery at one hundred dollars each. 

One of the most destructive wars which this state has ever 
known broke out auong the Indians themselves in 1615. The 
Indians of the Penobscot and the East were arrayed against those 
of the Kennebec and the West. For two years the conflict raged 
with all the horrible cruelty of savage warfare. It was immedi- 
ately followed by a pestilence, which annihilated many tribes and 
nearly depopulated New England. 

November 3, 1620 King James I granted to the "Council of 
Plymouth in the County of Devon" successors to the Plymouth 
Co. of 1603, the "New England Charter." The council included 
the Duke of Lenox, the Earl of Arundel, Sir Ferdinando Gorges, 
Francis Popham, Raleigh Gilbert and others. The territory con- 
veyed was all the land in North America between the 40th and 
48th parallel of latitude. Thus when the Pilgrims landed at 

1. Governor Lincoln's Papers. Me. Hist. Soc. CoU. vol. I. p. 4-29. 
2- Description of New England by Capt. John Smith. London, 1616. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 33 

Plymouth in December of 1620 the territory was already the 
property of another corporation. 

In 1625 the Plymouth Councfl granted to Gorges and Mason 
and others all the territory between the Kennebec and the Merri- 
mac which was termed the "Province of Laconia." The same 
year, according to Gov. Bradford, the Pilgrims of Plymouth, 
"after harveste they 'sende out a boats load of come, 40 or 50 
leagues to ye eastward, up a river called Kenibeck." After refer- 
ring to their hardships he concludes, "But God preserved them 
and gave them good success for they brought home 700 pounds 
of beaver besides some other furrs, having litle or nothing els 
but this corne which themselves had raised out of ye earth. This 
viage was made by Mr. Winslow and some of ye old standards 
for seamen they had none."^ 

January 13, 1629 a grant was made by the Plymouth Council 
to the Pilgrim Colony called the Plymouth or Kennebec Patent. - 
It conveyed exclusive rights to a territory fifteen miles wide on 
either side of the Kennebec river extending from Topsham to 
the Wessarunsett river at Comville ; the patent received the 
previous year having been "so strate and ill bounded as they were 
faine to renew and inlarge it."^ 

They now erected a trading house "up above on ye river in ye 
most convenientest place for trade,"* probably at Cushnoc 
(Augusta). 

The Plymouth Council discouraged by its losses and by tha 
persistence of its enemies held its last meeting April 25, 1635 and 
surrendered its charter to the King. He appointed his Privy 
Councillors, Lords Commissioners of all his American Planta- 
tions. This board appointed Sir Ferdinando Gorges Governor 
General of New England. 

The Council, before its dissolution had divided its territory 
into twelve royal provinces and assigned these to its members 
by lot. The third and fourth lots covering the entire territory 
between the Kennebec and the Piscatacjua, fell to Sir Ferdinando 
Gorges and was called New Somersetshire. Sir F. Gorges, 

1. Bradford's History of Plimoth Plantation. Boston, 189S, p. 247. 

2. Hazlitt Con. p. 298-303. 

3. Bradford, p. 280. 

4. Bradford, p. 280. 

3 



34 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

detained by an accident to the vessel which was to convey him to 
his new government, never set foot in New England. 

On the third of April, 1639, the King conferred upon Sir Fer- 
dinando Gorges yet more extensive territory and viceregal power 
over what was called '"the Province of Maine." It could hardly 
be regarded a limitation of his rights that the Lord Proprietor 
was to give to the King a fifth of the profit arising from the 
pearl fishings, and from gold and silver mines. Full executive 
powers were given and the right of legislation in connection with 
the citizens. The Lord Proprietor was to give deeds and titles 
to land, erect courts and appoint officers. The English church 
was established. The Lord Proprietor Gorges had sent over his 
nephew William Gorges as Governor who established his capital 
at Saco and opened court there March 28, 1636. As there were 
at the time no settlements on the Kennebec, the government of 
Gorges was not exercised here, but the Pilgrim Colony main- 
tained their rights to a monopoly of the trade with the Indians. 

The Indians of the Kennebec. 
The French gave the name Abenaquiois to all the Indians east 
of the Connecticut river, but the name became gradually restric- 
ted to the dwellers in the Kennebec valley. These Indians bore 
also the name Canibas, or Narhantsouaks. Before the great 
Indian war of 1615 it appears that the Bashaba or great chief 
who lived on the Penobscot exercised a kind of general sover- 
eignty over all the Maine tribes : later, the chief of the Kennebecs 
dwelt on Swan Island. The tribe extended from Merrymeeting 
bay to Moosehead lake and enjoyed in the forests, the fertile 
meadows, the rivers teeming with fish and af?ording a broad 
highway for their canoes, an ideal place for Indian habitation. 
In the winter the Indians retired to the woods and lakes further 
north where they found it easy to secure the moose and deer in 
the deep snow. With the coming of spring they descended the 
rivers in time to secure the salmon, shad and alewives : in the 
summer they had their scanty harvests and the berries and wild 
fruits of the forest. Several important Indian villages were on 
the river. At Fort Hill, Winslow, was a large village extending 
along the banks of the Sebasticook and of the Kennebec for 
nearly a mile. Mr. F. F. Graves who has carefully searched the 



HISTORY OF W'ATERVILLE. 35 

site has found large quantities of pottery, wholly of Indian make. 
Flint chipping-s are very abundant, as well as fine specimens of 
arrow points, gouges, etc. It is noteworthy that no metal has 
been found here except beads of pure copper, thus showing that 
the settlement antedated European trade and also the village 
at Norridgewock where iron of European manufacture, pipe 
stems, etc., are found. The village on Fort Hill was probably 
the ancient Teconnet although the name belonging first to the 
Falls, was applied to territon,' on both sides of the river. The 
only grave yard in the western part of Winslow was small in 
extent and was located near the present wheel house of the paper 
mill. In Waterville there are no indications of Indian villages. 
No pottery is found, but along the river and streams, sinkers and 
arrow heads are common. There was, however, a large burial 
ground here extending from what is now Temple street to the 
site of the Lockwood Mills. When Dunn Block was erected, 
the body of an Indian buried in a sitting posture was found. 
Many implements were buried with him and about two quarts 
of copper beads. About the same time Mr. Graves and two assis- 
tants discovered six skeletons in a single forenoon's digging in 
the open space at the junction of Main and Water streets. Here 
evidently was the burial place of old Teconnet.^ 

The Cannibas Indians were well disposed to the white men 
though the kidnapping of their neighbors at the mouth of the 
river and the brutalities at Fort St. George soon made them sus- 
picious. It is not to the credit of the Plymouth Colonists that 
during all the earlier years of the trade with the Indians, nothing 
was done for their intellectual or moral improvement. 

In 1643 an Indian who had become a Christian under the labors 
of the Catholic French missionaries at Sillery and Quebec, came 
down the Kennebec as far as Augusta and told the Indians of 
the beauty and majesty of the new faith. He took back with him 
an Indian chief whose life had been saved by the intercession of 
the missionaries. He was baptized in Sillery under the name of 
John Baptist. Later a considerable intercourse grew up between 
the Indians of the Kennebec and those about Sillery and in 1646 
a delegation appeared before a council of the fathers at that place 

1. Mr. (iraves has in hl8 collection a stone war club fltteen inches long by one 
and one-half Inches in diameter, also peatles and corn grinders. 



36 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

and begged that a missionary might be sent to the Indians of the 
Kennebec. They said that thirty men and six women had 
embraced the new faith and they desired a missionary to baptise 
and teach them. Father Gabriel Druillette was appointed and 
August 29th, 1646 started for his mission field. He found a 
hearty welcome. After a stay at Nahrantsouak and Teconnet 
he arrived at Cushnoc late in September where he was hospitably 
entertained by John Winslow the Pilgrim trader. Father Druil- 
lette received the encouragement of the Plymouth Company and 
established a successful mission called "The Mission of the 
Assumption among the Abenakis," ^ at Gilley's Point about three 
miles north of Augusta. During the winter he shared the expe- 
riencesof the Indians in the hunting season about ]\Ioosehead Lake 
and by the time of the spring gathering of the tribe had wholly 
won their confidence. He had emphasized three things as essen- 
tial, viz., to have nothing to do with the traders' firewater ; to 
cease quarreling among themselves and to throw away their idols. 
After the return of Father Druilette to Sillery in 1647, 't seems 
unfortunate that the Jesuit Fathers did not see their way clear 
to allow him to return until 1650, although three delegations were 
sent by the Indians asking his return. This year, in addition to 
his missionary labors, he was envoy to the New England Con- 
federacy (formed in 1643 ^o"" defense against the Iroquois) and 
visited Boston, being the first Jesuit priest to enter that city. He 
was honorably received at both Boston and Plymouth and 
returned with high hopes for the success of his mission. Again 
he spends the winter among the Indians. After heroic service 
and other journeys for the public defense his labors on the Ken- 
nebec closed in 1652, but he had exerted a marvellous influence 
over the Indians who had been won to him as a true friend and 
to the faith which he preached. - 

Meanwhile the English had been getting more assured pos- 
session of the land. The titles to land coming into question, 
the English secured deeds of the Sagamores though it is a matter 
of question whether the Indians understood that they were con- 
veying exclusive rights. In 1648 a Sagamore conveyed to Gov. 

1. Jesuit Relations for 1(j4", chap. X. 

2. Father Druillette after his return from the Kennebec was constantly em- 
ployed. In lfi66 he went west with Marquette and labored at Sault St Mary for 
thirteen years. He died in Quebec in 1G81. 



HISTORV OF WATERVH.LE. Z7 

Bradford all land on both sides the river to Wessarunsett. In 
this deed Waterville is included. 

The very next year Kennebis and Abbagadasset sold to Chris- 
topher Lawson' the Kennebec land up as far as Teconnet Falls, 
which was afterward assigned to Clark and Lake traders in 
1653.= 

The Plymouth trade with the Kennebec had been declining 
for years and in June 1649 it was leased for three years at the rate 
of £50 per year to William Bradford, Edward Winslow, Thomas 
Prince, Thomas Willet and William Paddy. Renewals of the 
lease at lower rates followed until on the 27th of October 1661 
the patent was conveyed by sale to Artemas Boies, Edward Tyng, 
Thomas Brattle and John Winslow for £400 sterling. 

In 1653 the General Court of Massachusetts directed Thomas 
Prince to summon the citizens on the river Kennebeck that 
they might take an oath of allegiance and arrange a judicial code. 
This was done at the residence of Thomas Ashley near Merry- 
meeting bay, where on May 23, 1654, si.xteen men assembled, 
took the oath and in their code of laws promulgated the first 
prohibitory law of Maine. It provided penalties for selling liquor 
to the Indians as they, when intoxicated, were often guilty of 
"much horrid wickedness."'' 

As the new proprietors of 1661 made no effort for the improve- 
ment of their property or to set up a government, very little was 
done in the settlement of the valley for nearly one hundred years. 
Its nominal government, however, was matter of more interest. 
After the restoration of Charles II, Ferdinando Gorges, grand- 
son of Sir Ferdinando, petitioned the throne that the Province of 
Maine might be restored to him. January 11, 1664 the King 
issued an order that the Massachusetts Colony should give 
Gorges quiet possession of his Province.* As this was not done 
the King sent over commissioners^ who assumed the government 
and set up courts on the Sheepscot September 5, 1665. This 
action of the King was stoutly resisted by Massachusetts and 
the tyrannical acts of the commissioners soon brought the settlers 

1. Christopher Lawaon was brought Before the Duke of York's Court at Arrow- 
sic on an action for debt by warrant dated Nov. 1, 1665. Sullivan, -290. 

2. Sullivan Hist. Dist. of Maine, p. 147. 

3. Williamson's Me., Vol. I, pp. 366, 367. 

4. Hutchinson's Hist. p. 234: Williamson I, p. 412. 

5. Hutchinson's Hist. Appendix No. X%'. p. 459-60. 



38 HISTOKV OF WATERVILLE. 

to the verge of rebellion. The commissioners were recalled in 
1668 and Massachusetts resumed control. To avoid future 
trouble Massachusetts purchased, May 6, 1677, for £1250 ster- 
l.ng. of Gorges, all his rights in the province, much to the di.s- 
gust of the King whose designs were thereby thwarted. In 1780 
Massachusetts organized a Provincial government of Ivlaine and 
Thomas Danfoith was appointed President. This administra- 
tion, with some interruption by Dudley and Andros, continued 
until 169 1 when the charter of ^^'illiam and Mary included 
Maine in the Province over which Royal Governors were 
appointed by the crown imtil the Revolution in 1775. 

King Philip's War, the first war with the Indians, extended 
to Maine in the autumn of 1675. For years there had been 
increasing friction between the Indians and the English. The 
French had won the friendship of the Indians, sent them priests, 
sold them powder and guns and had been their allies in conflicts 
with other tribes. The English had treated them as inferiors, 
had sought profit in sharp business practices, had been suspicious 
and prompt to punish oiTenses and often refused to sell powder 
or guns. With the first outbreak of hostilities the Canibas tribe 
retired to this place, Teconnet, to await developments. The 
trade upon the river at this time was largely in the hands of 
Clark and Lake and Richard Hammond. Hammond had a trad- 
ing house at Woolwich, Clark and Lake had a large establishment 
at Arrowsic and both had trading houses at Teconnet Falls. The 
committee sent by Massachusetts to have general control over 
military and other measures of safety. Captains Lake, Patter- 
hall and Wiswell, ascending the Kennebec, met seven of the 
Canibas tribe and five of the Androscoggins, Mahotiwormet or 
Robinhood being leader. The Indians surrendered their guns 
and mutual professions of friendship were made. A little later 
Capt. Davis, from the Clark and Lake house at Arrowsic sent a 
messenger to Teconnet to remove the arms which were in the 
trading house there. He was also to promise that if the Indians 
would come to Arrowsic they would be supplied. The messen- 
ger disobeyed his instructions by assuring the Indians that "if 
they did not go down and give up their arms the English would 
come up and kill them." Meanwhile Magistrate Abraham 
Shurte at Pemaquid was doing his utmost to secure peace. He 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 39 

called a number of the chiefs to Pemaquid for conference. They 
complained that their people had been frightened away from 
their cornfields, were not allowed to purchase powder and so 
were unable to kill any game or venison. Some had died of 
hunger. Some had been kidnapped. Mr. Shurte spoke kindly 
to them, assured them that he would do his utmost to punish 
those who had wronged them and to restore their captives. The 
Indians were greatly pleased, gave up a captive boy and presented 
Shurte with a belt of wampum. But the strife went on. During 
the autumn about one hundred of the English were barbarously 
murdered and the dwellers on Alonhegan offered a bounty of £5 
for every Indian head. 

Those were anxious days at Teconnet. The Indians carefully 
abstained from acts of violence but the situation grew worse and 
worse. At last they sent a swift runner through the woods to 
Pemaquid to invite Magistrate Shurte to a council at Teconnet. 
Immediately he set out in his small boat, was joined at Arrowsic 
by Capl. Davis and arrived safely at Teconnet. The council 
was held in a great wigwam where five chiefs sat in state while 
a throng of warriors stood about the door. Assiminasqua the 
Prince and orator of Waterville opened the council. As Shurte 
and Davis proceeded to lay aside their arms he said : "Brothers 
keep your arms as honorable men. Be without apprehension. 
We do not, like the Mohawks seize messengers who come to us. 
Nay we never do as you people once did with fourteen of our 
Indians sent to treat with you, taking away their arms and put- 
ting them under guard. We have been in deep waters. You 
told us to come down and give up our arms and powder or you 
would kill us, so we were forced to part with our hunting guns 
or to leave both our fort and our corn. What we did was a great 
loss, we feel its weight." Shurte responded with professions of 
friendship. Tarumkin answered: "I love the clear streams of 
friendship that meet and unite. Certainly I myself choose the 
shades of peace. My heart is true and I give you my hand in 
pledge of the truth."' 

But the dififerences between the parties in council were hard 
to meet. The Indians must have guns and ammunition or they 
would starve. If the whites sold them these they were providing 

1. History Kennebec County, p. 41. 



40 IIISTOKV C)I- \VATKK\'1I,LIC. 

means for tlu-ir own destrnction. At last Madockawando adojitcd 
son of Assiminasqua and son-in-law of Baron Castine cried out : 
"Do we not meet here on equal ground? We ask where shall 
we buy powder and shot for our winter's hunting? Shall we 
leave the English and apply to the French for it, or shall we let 
our Indians die. We have wailed long to hear you tell us. Now 
we want yes or no." Shurte wa.s not able to give a satisfactory 
answer. A little more Cdnfideiice woidd have averted much 
bloodshed. 

August 13, 1676 the first blow was struck in which the Tecon- 
net Indians had part. Richard Hammond the trader had a bad 
ie|)Utation at Teconnct. The Indians declared that he cheated 
them, filled them with strong drink and robbed them of their 
fins. Ill revenge they burned Hammond's place at Woolwich, 
killed him and two others and took sixteen persons captive who 
were conveyed to Teconnet and there kept imder guard. 

The next night, August 14, the mansion and large establish- 
ment of Capt. Lake at Arrowsic was destroyed. Capt. Lake was 
killed and Cajit. Davis of the Teconnet Council severely 
wounded. Thirty-five prisoners were taken. 

In a few weeks the whole county from Falmouth to lV'ma(|uid 
was desolated, the inhabitants killed, captured or driven away. 
Then Madockawando and Mugg,'-his lieutenant, saw that it would 
be a good time to arrange for peace. Mugg was conveyed to 
Boston where he arranged provisional terms. Returning he was 
sent to Teconnet to arrange for the release of the prisoners. 
While here he laughingly told the Indians "I know how we can 
even burn Boston and drive all the cnuntry before us. We must 
go to the fishing islands and lake all the white men's vessels."' 
Mugg was killed in an attack upon Wells, May 16, 1667. 

Ai)ril T2, 1678 the Kemiebec and other Sagamores signed a 
treaty of ])eace at Casco. This treaty (provided for the release of 
prisoners and for the iiaymeiit of a peck of corn annually by each 
white family to the Indians in acknowledgment of their right 
to the land. Among the prisoners returned from Teconnet was 
Mrs. 1 l.iiiiiiiond who bore a letter dictated by her captors in 
which they boasted of their clemency and fair dealing. It is true 

1. Ilnblmiirn Imlinii Wnrs, p. SlWItiil. 

•1. Abliolt. Ulitory iif Mc, |i. 1«7. Note.s. 



insTdin- (II' w ati;r\'ii.i.i;. 41 

tical wo liavc no rooin'il lliat llio Koniu'hccs ever tnrluroil a 
prisoner. 

Ten years of peace and rapid progress on the part of the Eng- 
lish were followed by A.'i')i,sr H'i Ilia ins' War which opened Angnst 
13, 1688. In this war the French were actively engaged and its 
most effective expeditions were planned and officered from Que- 
bec. The I'reneh had used to tiie full the religions induence 
which had been gained over the refugee Indians who had 
ascended the Kennebec to the neighborhood of Sillery. King 
Williams' War was one of the most costly episodes in the long 
struggle between England and l"ranco for the possession of 
Acadia and ultimately, tlie continent. Teconnet was used dur- 
ing the early years of the war as a station for captives until they 
could be ransomed or sold north into slavery. Hither from 
Merrymeeting, New Dartmouth,' Sheepscot, Winter ll.ubur ,ind 
Kennebunk prisoners were brought and WaterviUe heeanie ;i 
central station on the prisoners' sad march l(^ slavery, deatli or 
long delayed ransom. 

'In 1692 Col. Church, on his third I'.astcrn expedition, hunird 
the fort and settlement at Teconnet, and the history of earliest 
Waterville the metropolisof the Cannibas Indians was ended. The 
white men claimed that the Indians set it on fire at their api)roaeh ; 
the Indians that the white men burned the place. In Kh),^ 
Maj. Converse who was more feared by the Indians than any 
other English officer, was at Tecoimel and at so many other 
places in rapid succession that the Indians were dismayecl. They 
were gaining nothing from their alliance with the French and 
came to feel that they were fighting the battles of another power 
beyond the seas. Their own share was to fight against an ever 
increasing enemy and to die. Accordingly, August 12, 1692, 
eighteen of the Maine Sagamores met at Pemaquid and agreed 
to a treaty of peace. This treaty provided for a release of all 
captives and was signed by all the Sagamores, including Rom- 
aseen of the Kennebecs and Wenobson of Teconnet, in behalf 
of Moxus. The peace, however, was not observed. Later in UK- 
same year I'omaseen was supposed to lie eoneenied in tlie 

1. Ilon.Tlioiiitts U. Ueeil 111 his ociitonnlul oration al rortlaiid .stulr.H, without 
citing uuthoiltles, tliiit tli« Fronoli from Quebec uml the Imlluna from CUBtlne met 
ftt Tlconnct iiiul thence proceeded on llio c.\poclltloii which destroyed Portland 
May l«-'2l), 1690. 



42 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

destruction of Dover, N. H. November 19, 1694, while visiting 
Pemaquid with a flag of truce Bomaseen was recognized, arrested 
as a spy and sent to Boston where he was imprisoned for five 
years. Enraged at this the Kennebec warriors became the more 
zealous in the conduct of the war and shared in the destruction 
of Fort William Henry at Pemaquid in 1696, and did not agree 
to peace until its terms included the release of Bomaseen. Peace 
was attained in 1699. Bomaseen was restored to his people 
and the captives confined at Norridgewock, which after the burn- 
ing of Teconnet became the prison station, were released. 
Meanwhile the man who for thirty years was to exercise the most 
potent influence on the Kennebec had arrived. It was Father 
Sebastian Rale. He was a native of France, of excellent edu- 
cation and of high rank. In 1693 he was sent by the French 
leaders at Quebec to Norridgewock where the brothers Bigot 
already had revived the mission founded half a century before 
by Druillette. With utter devotion. Rale gave himself to his 
work. He shared the Indian's lot, sought to guard his rights 
and naturally shared his country's hatred of the English. It 
was to be expected also that the Quebec authorities would keep 
in correspondence with him as the one best fitted to report the 
conditions on what they regarded as their Acadian frontier. 
Soon he became an object of suspicion and hatred to the English. 
They charged him with hindering the formation of treaties and 
with preventing the execution of them, and with encouraging 
the Indians in their deeds of bloodshed : certainly he gave them 
his blessing and the sacrament before they set out. In 171 7, 
when Gov. Shurte of Massachusettts, visited the Kennebec in 
order to make a treaty with the Indians, Father Rale championed 
both the Indians and France in the effort to prevent alienation 
of lands and the erection of forts. The treaty was against his 
protest. As earlv as 1605, during Queen Anne's War, which 
was brought on by French intrigues, an expedition imder Col. 
Hilton ascended the Kennebec on snow shoes in mid-winter to 
capture Rale. They found Norridgewock deserted. In 1721 
Rale secured united protest on the part of several Indian villages 
against the advance of the English whom he virtually threatened 
with the vengeance of France. August 1st ninety Indians with 
Rale as adviser, appeared at Arrowsic and ordered the settlers 



HISTORY OF 'WATEKVILLE. 43 

to leave within three weeks or they would be killed. Regarding 
Father Rale as the real source of the disturbances and depreda- 
tions made by the Indians who certainly were so fully under his 
control that he could direct or restrain them. ^Massachusetts, in 
the winter of 1721-22, sent Col. Thomas Westbrook to Nor- 
ridgewock to apprehend the ])riest and convey him to Boston. 
The expedition foimd Norridgewock deserted, a notice posted 
upon the door of the church threatening the destruction of the 
English meeting-houses if the soldiers dared to harm it and 
stoutly maintaining the right of the French and the Indians to 
the territory.^ A box was found containing the correspondence 
of Rale and Vaudreuil, French Governor at Quebec, which 
proved the complicity of the priest in the plots of the French and 
the duplicity of the Governor in his dealings with Massachu- 
setts. Enraged at this expedition, the Indians began the sys- 
tematic plunder of all the little settlements on the river, burning 
Brunswick in July, 1722 and taking many captives. War was 
declared by Massachusetts upon the Eastern Indians, July 26, 
1722 and a reward of £100 for the bringing of the person of 
Father Rale to Boston. 

On the 19th of August, 1724, an expedition numbering 208 
men led by Captains Harmon and Moulton, left Richmond Fort. 
They arrived at Teconnet August 20, where they left forty men 
to guard their boats while the rest marched silently and swiftly- 
through the woods toward Norridgewock. On the way they 
came upon an Indian with his wife and daughter. Remember- 
ing the failure of the Westbrook expedition, they immediately 
fired upon them lest Norridgewock should receive warning. The 
man was killed while trying to escape across the river ; it was 
the noted chief Bomaseen. Norridgewock was taken wholly by 
surprise and the inhabitants fled panic stricken. Many were 
drowned while trying to escape, many were shot among whom 
was Father Rale. Charlevoix's romantic story that Rale came 
forth boldly to his death while seven heroic Indians covered him 
with their own bodies until all were shot down is disposed of by 
the testimony of Lieut. Jaques, that he himself shot the priest in 
a cabin while he was in the act of loading a gun.- 

1. For letter, see "PlODcers of Kew France," Baxter, pp. 122-3. 

2. Jaques wag afterward arraigned by Capt. Moulton for kilting Rale instead 
of taking bim captive. He defended bimself on the ground that the priest refused 
quarter. 



44 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Aug^ist 22, 1724 Capt. Johnson Harmon appeared before the 
Governor and council at Boston with twenty-seven Indian scalps 
and with the scalp of Father Rale. "In consideration of the 
extraordinary service of said Capt. Harmon, the Lieutenant-Gov- 
ernor presented him with a commission for Lieutenant-Colonel," 
and a warrant was drawn in his favor for the promised reward 
of i 100.^ 

The destruction of Norridgcwock, terrible though it was, was 
in reprisal for the destruction of hundreds of homes and many 
villages of the English settlers, and it was practically the end of 
trouble with the Indians on the Kennebec. Father Rale was a 
remarkable man. His love for his Indian converts and his self 
sacrificing devotion to what he believed to be their interest were 
beyond question, but as a loyal citizen of France he felt called 
upon to do everything in his power to prevent the English from 
getting control of the country. He was the victim on the banks 
of the Kennebec, of strifes, which had their origin on the banks 
of the Thames and of the Seine, strifes which destroyed both him 
and his followers, but among all the pictures of early Maine is 
none more beautiful than that of the priest and the reverent 
Indian worshippers as they gathered morning and evening in 
the chapel at Norridgewock. After the death of Rale the 
Indians fled in despair to Canada. For twenty-five years there 
is little to record. The half century of war had nearly destroyed 
both the Indians and the English settler? and as late as 1749 there 
were only two white families left above Merrymeeting bay. 

September i, 1749 nine of the heirs of the men who had bought 
the rights of the Colony of New Plymouth to Kennebec territory 
in 1661, met in Boston and became incorporated for the purpose 
of defending their rights and opening their lands to settlement. 
The great obstacle was the constant danger from the French and 
Indians. In 1753 the Plymouth Company petitioned Gov. 
Shirley for the erection of a fort at Teconnet Falls. This was 
regarded as a strategic point: the highway between Maine and 
Quebec was up the Kennebec and down the Chaudiere. Even the 
Penobscots came down the Sebasticook to Teconnet and thence 
ascended the Kennebec. Rumors were always afloat that the 

1. Mass. Council lUcoiils, Vol. VlII, pp. 71-7i. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 45 

French and the Indians who had been driven from their lands 
were about to come down the river with hostile intent. 

In answer to the petition, Gov. Shirley proposed that if the 
Plymouth Company would build a defensible house for stores 
and fort, at the head of the tide water, Cushnoc, Augusta, he 
would build a fort at Teconnet Falls. 

Under the direction of the General Coirt which was alarmed 
at the rumor of French invasion. Gov. Shirley with Col. Paul 
Mascarene, Commissioner of Nova Scotia, Genera! John Wins- 
low in command of the troops and several high officials with 
800 soldiers, set sail, June 21, 1754, in the frigate Massachu- 
setts for Falmouth. There 42 Indians from the Kennebec met 
the Governor in conference. He expressed his purpose to build 
a fort at Teconnet to which the Indians made desperate pro- 
test.^ They besought him to build no forts higher up the Kenne- 
bec than Fort Richmond ; declared themselves willing that set- 
tlers should occupy the lands but were afraid of more forts. 
Their eloquent plea was wholly unavailing. Governor Shirley 
produced deeds signed by Sagamores long since dead, conveying 
the lands in question. Against this fact no words could avail 
and the Indians acquiesced though asserting that their ancestors 
had been cheated. 

Immediately the troops began their march for Teconnet. 
There Gen. Winslow laid out the Fort and detailed 300 men for 
its construction while he with 300 troops ascended (August 8) 
the Kennebec in search of the French fortification which had 
been reported. Gen. Winslow was taken ill at Norridgewock 
and returned to Teconnet, the command of the expedition devolv- 
mg upon Col. Preble, who ascended to the head waters of the 
Kennebec but found no French. 

In a very short time five buildings were erected at Fort Hali- 
fax,- a stockade 800 feet long erected, the cannon and arms 
brought up in scows from Cushnoc and mounted and a road for 
wheel carriages cut through from Fort Western to Fort Halifax. 

1. "July l9t Norridgewock Indians gave their answer and refuged the fort being 
built at Ticonnet. July 3. treaty signed." Parson Smith's Journal. 

2. While at Falmouth Gen. Shirley contracted with Capt. Isaac Ilsley as head 
carpenter, who was to take with him twelve others for the building of the fort at 
Ticonnet. Their wages were to include "the Province's ordinary allowance of 
provisions and drink." The bill of Capt. Ilsley was filed Sept. 2S. for S2 days labor 
of himself and men, amounting to £1660, 10s. Goold's account of Fort Halifax. 
Me. Hist. Soc. Coll. Vol. S, p. 2i9. 



46 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

Gov. Shirley who had personally inspected the work was greatly 
gratified and highly commended Gen.\\"inslo\v and his men. Capt. 
William Lithgow, who had been commander of Fort Richmond, 
was assigned to Fort Halifax and a garrison of 80 ' men left in 
charge. A whale boat express was arranged running from Fort 
Halifax to Portland in twenty hours. The route was down the 
Kennebec to Merrymeeting Bay, thence by the Androscoggin 
and across to New Meadows river and Casco Bay. 

Gov. Shirley returned in great state to Boston in September. 
For two months Falmouth had been very gay. Parson Smith 
writes in his diary : "Thus ends a summer scene of as much blus- 
ter as a Cambridge commencement and now comes on a vacation 
when our house and the town seem quite solitary." 

Capt. Lithgow assumed a heavy task. The fort was untin- 
ished. About the first of November a party of six men from 
the fort, who w'ere cutting timber, were attacked by the Indians. 
One was killed and scalped, four were carried away captive, 
only one, wounded, succeeded in reaching the fort. Some rein- 
forcements were sent and Capt. Lithgow received authority to 
impress men as needed. The winter of 1755 was a sad time at 
Fort Halifax.- As Capt. Lithgow wrote "The fort was the most 
extraordinary one for ordinariness I ever saw." The soldiers 
lacked shoes, clothing and blankets. The exposure and hard- 
ships of the men in hauling their fuel by hand through the deep 
snow soon prostrated them with sick-ness. Of the eighty men 
only thirty were left who were fit for duty.^ Five died during 
the winter. Supplies ran short and the distressed captain started 
down the Kennebec to secure aid. The journey was both hard 
and dangerous. Supplies had already been sent by the Gov- 
ernor which were landed at Arrowsic and gundalowed to Merry- 
meeting bay. By the aid of Capt. Hunter of Topsham and Capt. 
Dunning of Brunswick and their men, the supplies were brought 
to Fort Halifax. DesjMte all their hardships the garrison had 
hauled by hand to the hill 200 tons hewn timber also 100 tons 
board logs and bolts for shingles. The fortification including 

. Kept. Comiiiantling Gen. Dec. -1, 1754. 

2. Letter of Capt. LlthROw to Gen. Shirley. See Chapter of Historical Documents. 

S. WilllBmson, Vol. 2, p. 302, states that 100 men with five cohorn mortars were 
sent as reinforcements in the fall of 17M. The Lithgow correspondence proves 
that this was not lione, and the Council Recoriis of Mass. under date of Dec. 21 
1754, give as reason lliat there were not sufHclent provisions at the fort and at tba 
time of year It would be difflcult to forward more. 




FORT HALIFAX. 



I 



HISTORY OF WATfiRVILLE. 47 

the great house for the officers' quarters and stores, was com- 
pleted by Capt. Lithgow in 1755. Early in the spring of that 
year two men from the garrison who were fishing were mortally 
wounded by the Indians. June 11, the Provincial Government 
declared war with the Indians and oflfered $200 for each Indian 
scalp and $250 for each captive. Col. Lithgow had now the 
strongest and most important fortification in Maine, but found it 
difficult to secure men and supplies. He complains that his 
men are lonely, being about fifty miles from inhabitants, and are 
over-worked in giiarding night and day the main fort, store house 
and two redoubts upon the hill.^ Col. Lithgow removed his 
family from Fort Richmond to Fort Halifax in 1755. 

May 18, 1757 occurred the last skirmish with the Indians. 
Col. Lithgow noticed a few days before, some rafts drifting by 
the fort.^ Concluding that the Indians had used them to cross 
the river and that they were intending to attack the settlement, 
he sent a boat containing an ensign and nine men down the river 
to give warning. On their return, about ten miles below the 
fort, they were fired upon by seventeen Indians. Two of the 
boat's crew were wounded but they kept up the fight with great 
gallantry. One Indian was killed and at last his comrades 
retreated bearing the dead body and another of their number 
who was wounded. It was the final shot and retreat of the 
Indians, almost on the same spot where Capt. Gilbert of the Pop- 
ham Colony had first met the Indians and erected the cross 
exactly one hundred and fifty years before. 

The garrison at Fort Halifax, though much reduced, was con- 
tinued for several years. In 1759 sixteen soldiers petitioned the 
Governor for a discharge, affirming that they had been impressed 
into the service and already had served far beyond their time. 
The request was granted and Col. Lithgow was authorized to 
ofl:'er "a bounty of five dollars to each of three men who would 
enlist. // they cannot be enlisted to he impressed." After the 
Peace of Paris in 1763, the fort was dismantled. At the time 
of Arnold's expedition in 1775, the large house within the fort 
was used as a tavern, "Fort House." Afterward it was used 
as a dwelling-house, meeting-house, town hall, where all the 

1. Letter to Gov. Shirley Oct. 22, 1755. 

2. Me. Hist. Soc. Coll. Vol. 8, p. 269-70. 



48 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

earlier town meetings of WMnsIow were held, a hall for public 
dancing parties, finally a home for poor families until it was 
taken down by Mr. Thomas and some of its material used in the 
construction of the Halifax House in 1797. Col. Lithgow was 
engaged in trade at the fort for several years. In 1760 he was 
appointed Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for Lincoln 
county, the first magistrate on the Kennebec above Pownalboro, 
and was continued by the American government. Before 1772 
he retired to Georgetown to the Noble farm which was hil wife's 
inheritance and died there in 1798 at the age of eighty-three. 

Abbott states that eleven families settled in Winslow in 1754 
but if so they have left neither trace nor name. Among the 
earliest settlers were Ensign Ezekiel Pattee, who lived in the fort 
house on the hill and kept store. He afterward removed the 
block house to his farm below the present village. March 12, 
1766 the Plymouth Company granted to Gamaliel Bradford, 
John Winslow, Daniel Howard, James Warren and William 
Taylor a tract of land covering the present Winslow, of 18,600 
acres, on condition that within four years they should have fifty 
settlers on the premises, twenty-five of them to have families, and 
to build fifty houses not less than twenty feet square and seven 
feet studd each. Said fifty settlers were each to clear and pre- 
pare for mowing, not less than five acres of land adjoining each 
house."^ This arrangement was carried out and was the only 
one to succeed of many similar propositions. (For records con- 
cerning the Plymouth Grant see chapter of Historical Docu- 
ments). Within a few years the names which have remained 
prominent through all the history of Winslow appeared upon the 
records, viz. Pattee, Howard, Haywood, Crosby, Heald, Getchell, 
Drummond, Hayden, Redington, Stackpole, Blackwell, Phillips, 
Runnels, Simpson, Town and others. 

Up to the year 1771 the plantation was called Kingfield. By 
act of the General Court of Massachusetts, April 26, 1771, it was 
incorporated as a town, the fourth in the State and named in 
honor of General John Winslow of a family which had been 
prominent in Kennebec history since 1525. By warrant of 
James Howard, a justice of the peace in and for the county of 
Lincoln, directed to Mr. Ezekiel Pattee, the Freeholders and 

1. History of Kennebec Co. Vol. I, p. 842. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 49 

Other inhabitants of VVinslow qualified to vote in town affairs 
met at Fort Halifax May 23, 1771, at 8 o'clock A. M. They 
chose Lieut. Timothy Heald, moderator ; Ezekiel Pattee, town 
clerk and treasurer ; Ezekiel Pattee, Timothy Heald and John 
Tozer, selectmen ; Robert Crosby, John Peter Cool and Nathaniel 
Carter, wardens ; Francis Dudley, Joel Crosby and John Ayer, 
surveyors of highways ; Jonah Crosby, fence viewer. At a sub- 
sequent meeting summoned "in His Majesty's name" the "clear- 
ing the banks of the river for the purposes of navigation, and the 
hireing of preaching," were considered but no action taken. 
March 2, 1772, Dr. McKechnie was "employed to apply to Dr. 
Sylvester Gardiner for a tract of land for a burying ground and 
for a road leading through his Improvement." This secured the 
old cemetery on Fort Hill. In May, 1772, it was voted "to hire 
one month's preaching this summer." The road which is now 
Main street and College avenue was accepted. Early in 1773 
the authorities of Hallowell (Augusta) sent five men in a boat 
to Boothbay to carry to the town the Rev. John Murray who was 
the first minister to be hired by that town. He proceeded to 
Winslow and Waterville and July 3. 1773, baptised three child- 
ren of Dr. John McKechnie. This is the first baptism in town 
of which we have record. 

In the autumn of 1775 the ill-fated Arnold expedition with 
1,100 men passed through Winslow and Waterville on its way 
through the wilderness to Quebec where it arrived at last with 
men half starved, worn out with incredible hardships and fit only 
for the hospital rather than the battlefield. Of the exploring 
expedition sent in advance Nehemiah Getchell and John Horn 
were guides. For the expedition itself a "guide by the name of 
Jackins was obtained, living north of Teconnet Falls." 

That the Revolution meant more than the mere passing of 
armed expeditions became apparent in 1776 when the town 
appointed a "Committee of Safety" consisting of Timothy Heald, 
John Tozer and Zimri Haywood. July 8, 1776, the town meet- 
ing was for the first time called in the name of "The Government 
and People of Massachusetts Bay." The general law required 
that each town should provide itself with a stock of ammunition, 
but there was no money in the Winslow treasury. The town 
therefore voted, "To borrow of Esquire Pattee, 100,000 of 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Shingles; of Deacon Tozer, 80.000 ditto; of Timo. Heald Jr 
4000 d to: of Ambrose Davis, 3-000 ditto; of Lawrence Co a- 
tn I r lapboards, and of Nathaniel Carter. 5.000 of shmg^s 
fopurchase a' own stock of ammunition and that the produce o 
the same or what the same shall clear xn the marke shaU be 
assessed upon this town some time m the month of October 
^t •• (Xv'nslow Record). Tt also voted to hire Aree men o 
go up the river on scout duty to see whether ^ny British foce 
was approaching, and petitioned the General Court f°^ 
lefence'against the Canadians. Those who --?d;n ^^ ^^^ 
mittees of Correspondence, Inspection and Safety during the 
S vo ution were : Timothy Heald. John Tozer. Zimn Haywood. 
F Ik e Pattee Robert Crosby. Manuel Smith, Ephraim Osborne 
NShanid Low, Hezekiah Stratton, William Richardson a.^ 
Benjamin Runnels. The town had not a httle trouble w.h the 
roving Indians who came into it without means of support and 
called upon the selectmen to feed them. This was done by 
Sq 1 Pattee until the town voted to pay him for i.ooo pounds 
bi; found the Indians at the rate of five dollars per pound 
which price would indicate either a depreciated currency or that 
Tor^e primordial beef trust already had taken possession of the 
com^ry. Under such conditions it became difficult to secure th 
clling and beef required by the Court for the Continental 
Arrnv. The quota of soldiers also fell short and the town voted 
To wVe '-tow" men for the town of Winslow to serve for three 
ears or during the war. It is no wonder that the articles con- 
cerning preaching and schooling at the town's expense were so 
nft-pn nassed over or voted down. 

SLy" '78a. Zimri Haywood was elected as the town's repre- 
senttle in the' Massachusetts Court. Tl^ next year Eze .el 
Pattee was chosen and Zimri Haywood, So °n.on P rker and 
Benjamin Runnels were made a committee to give their repre 

sentative instructions." ., 1,;,^ =,-hool- 

In 1784 it was voted not to hire preaching, not to 1"- s^^^^o^ 
ing and not to raise any money for town expense . The next 
year it was voted to raise £ 20 for preaching. £ 60 for schoohng 
Ind £ too for work on the roads which liberality was afterward 
reconsidered and recalled. In December, 1785. Capt. Haywood 
attended the Falmouth Conference with reference to the separa- 
tion of Maine from Massachusetts. 



HISTORY OF W'ATERVILLE. 51 

In 1786 on petition to the governor, the plantations of Han- 
cock (Clinton) and Canaan were relieved of the taxes assessed 
upon them by Winslow on account of their "greate povertie and 
inabilitie." December 3, 1787, Jonah Crosby was chosen to 
attend the convention at Boston "to see whether the people will 
accept the constitution set forth at Philadelphia, September 17, 
1787." 

The town was slowly becoming prosperous. The farms were 
productive, several grist and saw mills were in operation, the 
river afforded means for conveying the lumber to market, while 
its fisheries supplied both food and an important article of trade. 
In 1791 there were eighty-one polls in town and George Warren, 
Winslow's first lawyer, had begun business. In the same year 
he petitioned the General Court for authority to conduct a lottery 
for the building of a bridge across the Sebasticook. He was 
representative to the General Court for that year. An article in 
the warrant to set off the territory of Winslow on the west side 
of the Kennebec, was at last approved by a vote of thirteen to 
seven. The smallness of the vote probably prevented any 
further action. In 1793, however, perhaps to remove the griev- 
ance which had caused the desire for separation two collectors 
were appointed of whom one, Asa Emerson, was to serve for the 
west side of the river. It was also voted that the preaching in 
the future should be half on the east and half on the west side of 
the river and that the town meetings were to be held alternately. 
Several times action had been brought against the town under 
the general statute for not having a "Gospel Teacher." Feb- 
ruary ID, 1794, at a town meeting held at John McKechnie's it 
was voted "to erect a meeting house on the east side of the river 
on land to be given by Arthur Lithgow, Esq. One hundred 
pounds were to be raised by a tax on polls and estates for the 
purpose of building said meeting house." Jonah Crosby, Capt. 
Timo. Heald, Capt. Josiah Hayden, David Pattee, Jonathan 
Soule, Nathaniel Low and Ezekiel Pattee, Esq., were appointed 
to carry this vote into effect. A fish committee of nineteen mem- 
bers was to regulate the fisheries for the year. The same year 
two names appear in the town records which were to hold large 
pkce there for many years ; Rev. Joshua Cushman and 
Elnathan Sherwin. At a meeting held at the house of Elnathan 



52 HISTORV OF W ATERVILLE. 

Sherwin on the site of the Silas Redington place, Sherwin street, 
Rev. Joshua Cushman was invited to settle in the town as a 
religious instructor. His salary was to be one hundred and ten 
pounds annually so long as he should remain their minister. A 
committee of ten, headed by Col. Hayden, was appointed to wait 
upon Mr. Cushman and receive his answer. 

Mr. Cushman already had seen much of life. Bom in 1759 at 
Halifax, he served with distinction in the Revolutionar>^ army 
and endured the hardships of V^alley Forge. He was graduated 
from Harvard in the class of 1788 with John Quincy Adams. 
At the age of thirty-six he was now to enter the ministry. He 
proved himself a man of high character, great ability as a 
preacher and a politician of no mean degree. In addition to 
twenty years service as pastor in W'inslow, he served in both 
branches of the Legislature of Alassachusetts. was then a mem- 
ber of Congress for three terms where he made a decided impres- 
sion, and was a member of the Legislature of Maine when he 
died. The constitution and agreement for a religious society 
under which he began work, which was supposed to come from 
Iiis pen was very liberal so that his society has been termed the 
first Unitarian church in America.' 

The ecclesiastical council for the ordination of Mr. Cushman 
to which the Church of Christ in Canaan, in Pownalboro, in 
Woolwich, in Brunswick, in Topsham, Second Church in Wells, 
First Church in Kittery, First Church in Pembroke and two 
others were called, was received in great state. Twenty of the 
leading citizens of the town were made a committee to conduct 
the council to the large booth of evergreen erected on the plains 
where the meeting was to be held. 

March 7, 1796, the town voted to build a meeting house on the 
hill near or in Ticonic village. The next day it was voted to 
build another on the Lithgow lot in Winslow, the previous vote 
concerning it having been reconsidered. 

The committee for the west side was : Nehemiah Getchell, 
James Stackpole, Jr., John Pierce, Obadiah Williams, Reuben 
Kidder. The committees reported March 16 that the meeting 
houses should be erected, the pews valued and the choice sold at 

1. For the "ConHlItntion and Agreement*' under which Mr. Cusliman became 
town minieter of Winslow, witii tlie report of the Committee. See chapter of his- 
torical documents. 



HISTORY OF WATERVir.LE. 53 

auction, the highest bidder to have two minutes to make his 
choice, payment for pews and premium was to be made in four 
quarterly installments in cash, corn, grain, any building materials 
or merchantable lumber. Such was the beginning of the meet- 
ing house which is now a part of the old city hall. Difficulty 
arose as to the location. Dr. Obadiah Williams generously 
offered to the town the present city hall park as a location for 
the meeting house and an academy or school house', court house, 
etc. Then Asa Emerson and David Pattee who lived by the 
Messalonskee or Emerson stream as it was then called petitioned 
that the house be placed at a more central point. Their petition 
was not granted. The house was not completed for many years. 
The pews were sold, forfeited, resold, forfeited again. About 
sixty pages of the first volume of Waterville records are taken 
up with pew deeds and many more with meeting house business. 
The first town meeting was held in the new meeting house June 
25, 1798, and Elnathan Sherwin was paid $30 for the use of his 
house for previous town meetings and religious services. Mean- 
while questions of division had been constantly before the public. 
For years the matter of the separation of Maine irom Massa- 
chusetts had been agitated and vote after vote taken in its favor. 
The division of Lincoln county and the erection of Kennebec 
county took place February 20, 1799. The dividing of the town 
usually with the river as line though once a line one mile west of 
the river was proposed, had been discussed and voted on again 
and again. The expedient of holding town meetings alternately 
on the east and on the west side of the river was not satisfactory. 
Two collectors and a double set of town officials did not conduce 
to harmony. Mr. Cushman preached at the meeting houses in 
turn, even going to West Waterville one-fourth of the time. 
There was no bridge across the Kennebec and when the inhab- 
itants set forth in petition their grievances what wonder that the 
General Court listened to their prayer and divided the town.- 

The population now amounted to 1,250 of which 800 were on 
the west side of the river. 

December 28, 1801 the town voted "To petition the General 
Court to set off that part of the town which lieth on the westerly 
side of the Kennebec river and to incorporate it into a separate 

1. See copy of deed, chapter o£ historical documents. 

2. Petition for division. Page 54, note. 



54 HISTORY OF WATKKVILI.E. 

town," and chose Reuben Kidder, Thomas Rice, Josiah Hayden, 
Nehemiah G. Parker and Asa Soule a committee for the purpose. 
Considering the circumstances the development of the town had 
been worthy even remarkable and when the time of separation 
came, the mother and daughter parted without a quarrel. 

PETITION FOB DIVISION. 

Koto. To llie Honourable the SetiHte and House of Representatives ol the Com- 
monwealth of Massachusetts iu General Court assembled : 

The Petition of the Subscribers, Inhabitants of the town of Winslow, in the 
county of Kennebeck, being a committee chosen by said Town in Town meeting 
assembled, humbly Report to your Honours that it is the wish of the Inhabitants 
of the said Town that the territory lying on the Westerly side of said River, in 
said town, as it is now bounded, should be set off from said Town by the name of 
Waterville. Your Petitioners would in behalf of said Town, beg leave to offer to 
your Honours the following reasons: 

That the value of the property now owned in said Town is nearly equally 
divided on each side of said river; 

That the Town and religious meetings in said town are held alternately at the 
meeting houses now erected on each side of said River, and that in several parts 
of the year it is very difficult and almost Impossible to cross said River to attend 
said meetings; 

That in the spring season, at the annual meetings held in said Town, the Inhab- 
itants thereof living on the opposite side from where the said meeting Is to be 
held, are frequently prevented by the particular situation of said River from 
crossing the same to attend said meeting; 

That said River near by divides said Town of Winslow in equal halves; 

Wherefore your Petitioners in behalf of said Town humbly pray that said terri' 
tory may be set off and as in duty bound will ever pray. 
(Signed.) 

ASA SOULE, 1 

THOMAS RICE, | 

NEHEMIAH A. PARKER, ;. Com. of Town of Winslow. 

.lOSIAH HAYDEN, I 

REUBEN KIODER, J 

That the now Town of Winslow shall be divided through the middle of the 
River Kennebeck as the River usually runs across the width of said Town; 

That that part of said Town which lay on the Eastern side of the Kennebeck 
shall retain the name of Winslow and the part which lay on the Western side be 
erected into a town by the name of Waterville; 

That all debts except such as concern meeting houses that shall be due from the 
Town when divided, or Damages the Town may be liable to pay, shall be appor- 
tioned and paid by each Town according to the present valuation; 

That Josiah Hayden, Esq., being the only selectman of the present Town of 
Winslow residing on the east side of the Kennebeck River, shall, after a Division, 
have power to call the first meeting without consulting his colleagues. 

The above are articles agreed on by us in a Division of the now Town of Wins- 
low, in behalf of said Town. 

(Signed.) 

.lOSIAH HAYDEN, 1 

REUBEN KIDDER, | 

ASA SOULE, >Com. 

NEHEMIAH A. PARKER, | 
THOMAS RICE, 



CHAPTER 



WATERVILLE 1802-1902. 
By Re\'. Edwin Carey Whittemore. 

By act of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Waterville was 
incorporated June 23d, 1802.^ July 13, 1802 Asa Redington,^ 
Justice of the Peace, issued to Aloses Appleton,- physician, his 
warrant to call the first town meeting to be held on July 26, at 
the East meeting house. These were men long prominent in the 
life of the town as their character, ability and public spirit 
deserved. Justice Redington, the old "soldier of Washington's 
body guard"^ was ever faithful to his trust. Dr. Appleton is 
still remembered by aged men who say "He was kind to the 
poor." 

Of the first town meeting, Elnathan Sherwin, long a prom- 
inent citizen of the place, who already had served three years as 
representative in the Massachusetts Legislature and who was to 
serve thirteen years longer, was chosen moderator, and Abijah 
Smith, to whom every one who consults the Waterville records 
covering the long period of his clerkship, is under obligation, was 
elected town clerk. The selectmen were Elnathan Sherwin, Asa 
Soule and Ebenezer Bacon ; David Pattee was elected town 
treasurer, and the long official list of surveyors, cullers, meas- 
urers, scalers, agents, tythingmen, fish wardens, fence viewers, 
field drivers, saxons (sextons), pound keepers, ended with the 
names of eighteen good men and true who were elected hog 
reeves. Evidently the new town was to be sufficiently governed. 
At the second town meeting, August 9, 1802, held at the West 

1. Act of Division and Incorporation. Wat. Records, Vol. I, p. 1-4. See chapter 
of historical documents. 

2. See Biographical chapter. 

3. Letter of Asa Redington to Hon. Daniel P. Rinn. (In full.) See chapter of 
historical documents. 



50 mSTORV OF W ATKUN'ILLIC. 

ineeting house, (Oakland) $i,ooo was voted for town expenses 
and $300 for schools. The prospects of the new town were 
good. Already through the efforts of Reuben Kidder, Abijah 
Smith and others the "Waterville Social Library" had been estab- 
hshed, which though not large, included books of the highest 
class.' Many of these books are still in the city and it .is hoped 
that they will find a proper place in the new public library. In 
1791 only sixty-three tax payers were living on the "West Side" 
but the year following, Redington and Getchell built the first 
dam on the Kennebec and a large mill, which movement began 
our earliest business boom.- Considerable business also was car- 
ried on by the earlier mills on the Messalonskee, the McKechnie, 
Pattee and others. Capt. John Clark and his son Geo. Clark had 
a shipyard, where in 1800 the ship Ticonic of 268 tons was built.' 
The fisheries of shad, salmon, and especially alevvives were of 
profit to many and of annoyance to others, for in 1804 "the 
dressing of fish between Capt. Geo. Clarke's shipyard and the 
road leading from Isaac Temple's landing was prohibited. 
Waterville became a distributing point for the cargoes of mer- 
chandise that came up the river on the "long boats." -Ks the 
most of this merchandise consisted of rum and molasses, both of 
which came by the hogshead, it is charitable to suppose that it 
was intended for distribution rather than for home consumption. 
The collection of taxes was let to the lowest bidder, who in 1804 
was Capt. James Sfackpole at 5^%. Later as much as 6% 
was paid. The most of the money for preaching voted by the 
town was paid to Rev. Joshua Cushman of W'inslow, by an 
af,reement with that town. In 1803 the town had been divided 
into ten school districts and in 1806 we find as school committee, 
Moses Appleton, Reuben Kidder, Timothy Boutelle, James 
Stackpole and Thomas C. Norris, a committee to inspire the 
teacher with dread and the scholar with awe. Squire Kidder 
was the town's first lawyer and he rendered it in many ways an 
important service. Hon. Timothy Boutelle was eminent through 
his entire career in W'aterville for public spirit and high char- 

1. Virt Public Libraries of Waterville, by Kstelle Foster Katon. Also Water- 
ville Social Library. See chapter of historical documents. 
•2. Vi(ll"Karly Settlers anil Settlements," by A. A. Platsteil. 
3. For shipping list Vld "Karly Settlers and Settlements." 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 57 

acter. He served the town, the State, and the Nation in many 
official duties and in all with distinction and honor. 

In 1806 the mail privileges of the town were g^reatly increased 
by the establishment of a stagfe line from Norridgevvock to Hal- 
lowell by Peter Oilman. The old days of the Revolution, when 
the mail was brought at long and irregular intervals, during the 
winter on snowshoes, seemed primitive indeed, for this stage 
made two trips per week. 

That home amusement as well as foreign travel was not neg- 
lected, we learn from Capt. Stackpole's diary which, under the 
suggestive date of July 27, states that he carried his children to 
the dancing school at Col. Sherwin's kept by one, Moore. 

The Embargo Act of December 22, 1807, which by way of 
reprisal upon England, forbade American vessels to leave port, 
was a crushing blow to the shipping of Maine. A town meeting 
was called. A petition to the U. S. government for the removal 
of the Embargo was presented, but the spirit of patriotism pre- 
vailed and the town authorized a resolution approving the 
Embargo and chose a committee to prepare and forward to the 
President such resolution. The same year it was voted to build 
a powder magazine in the loft of the meeting house, probably 
as the driest place available though that the people were discrim- 
inating in the matter of their preaching is shown by their vote 
to pay $100 for preaching if Mr. Allen of Duxbury can be 
secured, otherwise $50. 

In 1809 the fire department makes its first appearance, in the 
election of Elnathan Sherwin, James L. Wood, Moses Dalton, 
Asa Redington and Eleazer W. Ripley as fire wardens, who were 
duly sworn. From that time on some of the foremost citizens 
of the town have served in the fire department. It has been to 
them a matter of patriotism, an honor and the secret of its 
efficiency to the department and a safeguard to the town. The 
first engine company included Capt. Abijah Smith, Nehemiah 

Note. In a tax list for 1S09 so given to Baxter Crowell for collection, occur276 
namesof resident tax payers. The list here given, con tains 21 names of persons pay- 
ing over ten dollars: Moses Appleton, $19.30; Ebenezer Bacon, $10.44; James Bur- 
gess, $10.18; Thomas Cook, $11.51; George Clarke, $15.62; Jonathan Combs, $11.11; 
John Cool, $11.03; Isaac Corson, $21.28; Baxter Crowell, $13.70; Moses Dalton, $12.95; 
Daniel R. Emerson, $10.06; Jonathan Heywood, $10.17; Jeremiah Fairfield, S1B.B6; 
Nathaniel Gilman, $23.59; Keuben Kidder, $19.31; Joseph Mitchell, $10.42; William 
PuUen, $11.60; Asa Redington, $25.93; Asa Soule, $10.60; James Stackpole, $23.98! 
James L. Wood, {31.53. 



58 III'^TORV or WATERVILLE. 

Getchel), James Stackpole, Timothy Boutelle, Russell Blackwel! 
and many others. An engine was purchased. It consisted of a 
central tub into which water was poured by pails to be pumped 
out bv an ordinary pump through a short and leaky hose. Some 
one wrote the name Bloomer upon it and the "Bloomer" it was 
through the many years of its somewhat doubtful service. 

In 1810 Waterville sent to the Massachusetts Legislature. 
Eleazer W. Ripley. He was a Dartmouth graduate, had studied 
law in the office of Hon. Timothy Boutelle and had become prom- 
inent :n town affairs. He was re-elected the next year, became 
State Senator but resigned to enter the army. His promotion 
for brave and meritorious service was rapid until he reached the 
rank of Major-General. He received the thanks of Congress 
and a gold medal inscribed "Chippewa, Erie and Niagara." In 
each of these battles he had fought with distinguished bravery 
and commanded at Lundy's Lane after the death of Gen. Brown. 
He remained in the regular army until 1820 and was afterward 
Congressman from Louisiana. During the War of 181 2 Elna- 
than Sherwin was lieutenant-colonel commanding the First Regi- 
ment in the 2nd Brigade of the 8th Division. Of that regiment 
Joseph H. Hallett was quartermaster ; Moses Appleton, surgeon ; 
David Wheeler, paymaster ; and Jedekiah Belknap, chaplain. 
Capt. Dean Bangs' company belonged to Chandler's Battalion of 
Aitillery and included some men from \'assalboro. Capt. 
Joseph Hitching's company (29 men) and Capt. William Pul- 
len's company (40 men) were raised in Waterville. W^aterville 
was invaded but once during the war. Great alarm was raised 
ore afternoon by the report that an armed force was marching 
upon the town. Preparations for defense were rapidly made 
and the bravest youths started out to meet the foe and to defend 
their homes. The enemy, when met, proved to be the crew, who 
were marching across from the Penobscot, of the U. S. vessel, 
Adams, which her commander had burned to keep her from fall- 
ing intc the hands of the enemy. The friendly foes soon entered 
the town and the event was celebrated in what was considered 
the appropriate manner. At that time whiskey was made on 
Silver street. 

In 1814 the largest ship ever built here, the Francis and Sarah, 
290 tens, was successfully launched. The carrying trade on the 



HISTORY OF WATERVIIXE. 59 

river now became regularly established and a lively trade in 
lumber, farm products, groceries, etc., followed the proclamation 
of peace in 1815. 

The next important event in the history of the town was the 
establishment here of the Maine Literary and Theological Insti- 
tution, afterward V^"aterville, now Colby college.' A charter 
was granted by the General Court of Massachusetts, February 27, 
1S13. and after the question of location in the township No. 3, on 
the Penobscot, then practically a wilderness which had been 
granted by the Legislature, or in Bloomfield (Skowhegan) or 
in Farmington or in Waterville, had been decided by the trustees 
in favor of Waterville, the Vaughan lot of 179 acres was pur- 
chased of R. A. Gardiner for $1897.50. In 1816 the town had 
voted to raise $3,000 for the benefit of the institution should it 
be located here. For some reason this money was not paid. 

On the arrival of President Jeremiah Chaplin in 18 18, theo- 
logical instruction began and the literary department was opened 
with the coming of Prof. Avery Briggs in 1819. The history of 
the college, written by one qualified by long and valuable service 
iii it. appears in Chapter X. The college has brought to the 
town in the roll of its presidents and professors, a large number 
of eminent citizens, men who have been interested in all that 
pertains to the life of the town and by voice and influence have 
sought its good. It has created an intellectual atmosphere, 
stimulating to thought and high conceptions of life, which has 
led many of the youth of the town to seek instruction within its 
halls and has benefitted a far wider circle. It has brought 
together a large number of youth representing the best life of 
the communities from which they came and has trained them 
for useful lives. The actual business of the college is no small 
item in the transactions and profits of the town. But the 
supreme advantage has been the continued residence of pro- 
fessors and their families, who by work and influence in social, 

1. As early as 1788 Dr. Obadlab Williams aclclressefl a letter to Doctor N. Whit- 
aker of Canaan, Me., with reference to the best location for a college, and the 
method of establishing such an institution. The answer, dated May 5, 1788, is in 
possession of Mr. Wallace B. Smith, grandson of Dr. Williams. The first sen- 
tences are as follows: 

"Sir— Your fav'r of April 30th came to hantl last Friday. I have weighed the 
contents. Am agreeably affected by the noble and important design of erecting 
a Seminary of learning in these parts, where little skill is required to discern a 
too hasty return to a state of Barbarism." 



6o HISTORY OF WATKRVILLE. 

religious and civic life have conferred an inestimable benefit upon 
the community. The names of Prof. Keely, Prof. Hamlin, Prof. 
Loomis, President Champlin, Prof. Smith, Prof. Foster, Prof. 
Lyiord, Prof. Hall, Prof. Elder, Prof. Taylor, Prof. Warren 
and others who long resided in the town should receive honor- 
able mention. The great gift of money which is to broaden and 
to establish Colby's foundation, to supply her needs and open 
higher possibilities is yet to come. The financial question has 
been a troublesome one but in darkest hours the town always has 
conic to the relief of the college.' Especially close and har- 
monious did the relations of the college and the town become 
during the administration of President Nathaniel Butler and in 
this closer union which he secured is possibility of great mutual 
good. The annual festival of the town has been the college com- 
mencement, and even now it enhances the glory of the Centennial. 
A son of President Chaplin writes of the first Commencement 
Day : "What a day it was ! The grand festival was to be held in 
the so-called meeting house that belonged to nobody in particular. 
The morning opened grandly. From miles around and from 
distant towns the people flocked to the new Olympic. The vil- 
lage was literally crowded with strangers to see this new wonder. 
Stands for the sale of gingerbread, pies and cakes, cheese, cider 
and beer were on every hand. The people were on tiptoe of 
expectation. At length, about lo o'clock, the college bell rang 
out its hilarious peal. The procession was seen advancing 
toward the center of the village. The Governor of the State, 
the marshal with his staff, the trustees, the president with his 
silk robe and official hat, the professors in their silk gowns, the 
graduating class, a duet composed of George Dana Boardman 
and Ephraim Tripp also in their gowns, the rest of the students, 
cicizens, etc., the whole preceded by a military company (the 
Waterville Artillery) and a band of music. Oh it was mag- 
nificent! On. on, it came till it reached the meeting house. 
There was a halt. The procession parted; the great and the 

1. In 1840 when the ooUege broke down for lack o£ money and its professora 
resigned, Mr. T.,uclu3 Allen made strenuous efforts in its belialf. He secure4 the 
holding of a public nipetingover whicli Hon. Timothy Boutelle presided. Stephen 
Stark undertook to collect money for the college and so liberal was tlie response 
that $50,000 were subscribed. Widow Caffrey, the hard-working and loyal keeper 
of the Commons House, subscribed fifty dollars. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 6l 

noble and the wise passed in first and then, as the rear were 
entering, the outside crowd, no longer able to endure the sus- 
pense, rushed for the door determined to find entrance. For a 
few moments there was a fearful struggle. Order, however, was 
restored. The exercises began when, in a few minutes, the tor- 
rent, which had flowed so frightfully into the house, took a reflex 
turn. Out they came, they had seen the elephant and were sat- 
isfied. 

The coming of Dr. Chaplin to Waterville meant also the estab- 
lishment of regular religious services on Sunday in the old 
meeting house. Very soon the Baptist church was organized 
with twenty members. This took place at the "Wood House" 
where the Elm wood Hotel now stands. The church was served 
by the president and professors of the college in an unpaid pas- 
torate of ten years. It held its meetings in various locations in 
the town until the erection of its fine meeting house in 1826 on 
land presented by Hon. Timothy Koutelle. 

In 1814 the old Waterville Bank was chartered, erected a one- 
story building on lower Main street, chose Nathaniel Gilman as 
president and Asa Redington, Jr., as cashier. The name was 
afterward changed to "Ticonic Bank." It has had connected 
with it many of the financial leaders of the town and for thirty- 
eight years had the efficient and successful service of A. A. 
Plaisted, Esq., as cashier. 

The town had repeatedly put itself on record as in favor of 
the separation of Maine from Massachusetts and in September, 
1819, chose Abijah Smith and Ebenezer Bacon to attend the 
convention called at Portland for the formation of a State Consti- 
tution. The draft then drawn was accepted and Maine became 
an independent state, March 15, 1820. The vote for William 
King for Governor was practically unanimous. Baxter Crowell 
v.'as elected representative to the Maine Legislature. 

As previously noted the trade of the early days included the 
sale of liquors to a great extent. The regulation of the sale was 
In the hands of the town. In 1821, 12 licenses were issued by 
the town at $6 each, in 1822, 16; in 1823, 34. This was the 
high water, say rather, the low water mark in the town's liquor 
business. 

May 23d, 1823 the first number of the first newspaper pub- 
lished in the town was issued. It was the Waterville Intelli- 



62 HISTORY OF W ATEKVILLE. 

gencer. It was published by \Vm. Hastings, and printed by John 
Burleigh. The proprietor, in his first issue, states his satisfac- 
tion that more than i,ooo subscribers had been obtained and a 
])rinter engaged "who to correct morals, and the requisite skill 
in typography adds a capital sufficient for all the exigencies of 
his employment." The paper was under the auspices of the 
college and was designed as a State paper for the Baptist denom- 
ination. It was able and instructive but local news found small 
I^lace within it. It became, in 182S, the foundation of Zion's 
Advocate. 

The town was growing rapidly. Ticonic bridge, a wooden 
structure built by private parties as a toll bridge, was opened to 
the public and the good effect upon the business of the town was 
apparent. There was competition in the stage business between 
here and Augusta. >Seth Robins ran an extra stage at a fare 
of seventy-five cents. The regular line of Washburne mail 
stages charged one dollar for passage and left "on Mondays, 
Wednesdays and Fridays at 4 o'clock in the morning." 

An echo comes to us today from the direction of the Cecilia 
Club, from the "Waterville Branch of the Northern Harmonic 
Society," John Hovey, Sec, but the echo is not descriptive. We 
have the very record book of the Ticonick Debating Society, 
organized September 18, 1824 and including in its membership 
the leading men in the town. Great questions were investigated 
by committees and debated with all possible deference to parlia- 
mentary usage. Among the members were Abijah Smith, R. 
A. L. Codman, Eben F. Bacon, James Stackpole, Jr., Samuel 
Wells. Geo. Stickney, William Richards, Alpheus Lyon, Clark 
Lillybridge, Julius Alden, William Hastings, W. P. Norton, 
Johnson Williams, Asher Hinds, James Burleigh, Lemuel Paine, 
Asa Redington, Jr., Eliphalet Gow, Samuel Plaisted, Herman 
Stevens and others. The next prominent debating society was 
the Waterville Lyceum, organized in 1837. The secretary and 
moving spirit in this enterprise was William Mathews. After 
two years of debate there was silence, broken however, when 
the Waterville Debating Society was formed in 1841 with M. 
S. Chase as secretary. This society had a long and influential 
list of members but after one brief season we read in the record : 
"Adjourned then to the party." The society has not reas- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 63 

senibled. The records of the above societies are in the possession 
of E. R. Drummond, Esq. 

Though Waterville always has been generous in the matter 
of her pubhc schools, private and corporation schools have been 
truite a feature of tlie school life of the town. In 1823 Miss Pet- 
tengill had here a school for the education of young ladies. The 
next year Mr. John Butler and Miss Lewis opened a school 
wliich with its modern methods and apparatus won enthusiastic 
approval. Such teaching has continued from that time to the 
days of Miss Julia Stackpole and has been a special work of great 
importance. 

The Liberal Institute under the patronage of the Universalist 
church did good work until it became apparent that the field was 
already supplied. 

The great freshet of March 25-7, 1826, carried away a part 
of Ticonic bridge which immediately was rebuilt. The Fourth 
of July was usually celebrated but the semi-centennial of the 
Declaration of Independence was observed in a more formal 
way. The procession formed at Dow's Hotel at 1 1 o'clock and 
led by a band of music and the Waterville Artillery, Col. John- 
son Williams in command, proceeded down Silver street, up 
Back street, (Elm) and down Main to the meeting house where 
a sensible and patriotic oration was pronounced by Samuel 
Wells, Esq. Thence to the hotel "where a dinner was served 
by Mr. Dow in his usual style of elegance and liberality." 
Timothy Boutelle presided with Moses Appleton and James 
Stackpole as vice-presidents. Responses were given to thir- 
teen regular toasts while several volunteers contributed to the 
rhetorical splendor of the day. 

In the same year Wm. Hastings established a circulating 
library of well selected books which were loaned at the rate of 
four cents per week. 

In 1S27 Waterville in open town meeting adopted very forcible 
resolutions of sympathy with the Greeks in their struggle against 
Turkey. The feeling throughout New England was intense, 
greater than that aroused for Cuba in her recent struggle for 
liberty and equalled only by New England's compassion for the 
slave. 

The location of the State capitol was under discussion but as 
the Waterville Board of Trade had not yet been born the capitol 



64 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

was allowed to get stranded on the Augusta hills twenty miles 
below its logical and proper location at W'aterville. For two 
years Col. Abert, under employment of the U. S. Government, 
had been making surveys of the Kennebec with a view to secur- 
ing a waterway to Canada. In 1828 the Colonel recommended 
the building of a canal around the falls from Ticonic Bay to 
Kendall's Mills. Local facilities for traveling were improved 
the same year by the introduction of plank sidewalks. The first 
theatrical performance given in town was at the old cotton mill 
on the Messalonskee and the Waterville Watchman, which in an 
unguarded moment had advertised it, atoned for the error by 
printing several articles upon the evils of the theatre. 

Notable events in the year were the erection and opening of 
^^'aterville Academy (vid. chapter on Coburn Institute), the 
ordination of Harvey Fitz as pastor of the Baptist church, an 
attempt to rob the bank and the accident to "The Eagle.'' 

In 1830 a village corporation was formed which adopted an 
extensive and stringent code of "By-laws" and appointed an 
inspector of police to put them into effect. It was forbidden on 
penalty of fine to carry a lighted pipe or cigar on the sidewalk 
or to allow even the chimney of one's house to bum out. The 
boys were not allowed to play ball or throw snowballs on the 
street, or "to steal rides on the rear of carts or wagons." 

The great freshet in 1832 remained for seventy years without 
an equal. Very cold weather extending to the middle of May 
kept the frost in the ground, and the snow from melting. Then 
v.arm weather and five days of continuous rain brought on the 
deluge. May 22 the river reached its greatest height. Part of 
tl'.c bridge, the Redington saw mill and other buildings, like many 
offenders who first and last have gotten out of order, went down 
to Augusta. The losses along the river were very heavy. June 
I, 1S32, the "Ticonic" the first steamboat to visit Waterville 
arrived. This was a stern-wheeler built at Gardiner. It was 
received with the firing of cannon, the ringing of bells and every 
expression of jubilant welcome. It was the beginning of steam- 
boat traffic which increased and prospered until the coming of 
the railways. The Moors, the Getchells and others were inter- 
ested in the building and management of steamers and soon quite 
a fleet was owned here. Sometimes as many as six Waterville 
steamboats could be seen at the wharves. Rival companies 
reduced the passenger rates until it became possible to buy a 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 65 

ticket from Waterville to Boston for one dollar. Capt. Geo. 
Jewell is well remembered by many as for many years com- 
mander of river steamboats. 

In tlie summer of 1832 Wm. Lloyd Garrison visited Water- 
ville and gave an address on the slavery question. It aroused 
great interest among the students who, on the 4th of July formed 
an Anti-Slavery Society. Their celebration was so boisterous as 
to call out the censure of President Chaplin. In a second after- 
chapel address on the subject he compared the noise to the bray- 
ing of so many wild asses. The students sprang to their feet 
and demanded that he should retract his charge and then left the 
chapel. Expulsion was then threatened but the students declared 
that if one went all would go. President Chaplin and two of the 
professors then resigned and left the institution. The service of 
the president had been of the highest order, as the memorial 
tablet in the chapel testifies he was the "auctor" of the college, 
and misunderstanding rather thnn fault on either side was the 
unfortunate occasion of his withdrawal. 

The citizens seem to have shared the sentiments of the students 
for in 1 834 we find an anti-slavery society here with 150 members. 
The fine building of the Universalist church had been erected in 
1833. Patriotism and temperance seemed to be on the increase. 
In 1834 we find Rev. Samuel Francis Smith, pastor of the Bap- 
tist church, teaching his Stmday school children to sing his great 
national hymn "'America," and also lecturing on the subject of 
temperance. The town voted not to license the selling of liquors 
to be drunk on the premises. Having tried license for several 
years it came squarely into the no license ranks and was among 
the earliest of the ]Maine towns so to do. The same year 
appeared the "North American Galaxy." "A semi-monthly jour- 
nal devoted to Tales, Essays, Music, Biography, Poetry, Anec- 
dotes, etc., besides a great many things that it ain't devoted to at 
all." F. R. Wells and William Mathews were the editors and 
Daniel Wing the printer. Its ability and wit were beyond ques- 
tion nor did its support remain long in doubt for in the swan 
song in the fourth number, the editors cheerfully declare, "The 
productions of our uncallowed youth shall not rise up in judg- 
ment against the productions of our riper years." This certainly 
has been fulfilled in case of our honored Dr. \Mlliam Mathews. 



Wi iiiftmin (IK WA'i'KHVli l,K, 

Kdi mnitv vriiifl In* wio n rcoiilciil nf Wnlnvlllr >>li(»\vii\)j Iti ll\r 
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mililr till niilliv I II II lis >i <)ii |in|Mll!U iltlil xn ||rl|iliil I In "( '.riling 
nil ill lllr \\ Mill!" Iiim li('||ii<il nnilliliiiti'n in ^rl mi iiimU' Iioiimi tililv 
timl ')imi'»<ifiitlv, V\i' linll liiiii nn nitl' lllnntv Nrslni (iiiil hit 
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|iiiirltii>n' Iwii liic i>iiyltK"», Tills wrts mil vnrtlnl mil imlii \H\(< 
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villi' \V(i<i luKrii vvlu'ii, Si'jili'iiiln'r ^;. iM,(('. lltt" mootliiu Imiiwi' nf 
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.I'm 111. .111., n illiMiii l.i.iru nil. I .l.iiiiilliMM lliuDlii'i 



68 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the printers. Daniel R. Wing was connected with the paper 
from the start. This paper has been largely influential in the 
life of the town. Conservative in its early days it has become 
progressive in the best sense, being quick to see and to urge what- 
ever will contribute to the good of the city. Its editors have 
been men of character and responsibility and in bringing to pass 
much that is included in the present prosperity of the city the 
Waterville Mail has had large share.' The difficulties under 
which it started may be argued from the fact that it took three 
weeks to get news from the Mexican War then in progress. Its 
service in the matter of the Centennial has been of the highest 
order. 

September 30, 1847, occurred the first and only murder in the 
entire history of Waterville. Next morning the body of Edward 
Mathews, son of Simeon Mathews and brother of William 
Mathews was found in the cellar under what was then Shorey's 
clothing store, now Learned & Brown's shop. There were no 
marks of violence upon the body but as demonstrated by Prof. 
J. R. Loomis of the College, Mr. Alathews had come to his death 
by poison, a dose of prussic acid having been given to him. The 
crime was soon fastened upon Dr. Valorous P. Coolidge, a very 
successful young physician of the town into whose room at the 
Williams House Mathews had gone on the evening of the 
murder. On account of the circumstances and the high oosition 
of the parties involved great interest was awakened. The trial 
occurred in Augusta in March, 1848. The government was 
represented by Samuel H. Blake, Attorney-General, and Lot M. 
Morrill, Hon. Geo. Evans and Edwin Noyes, Esq., conducted the 
defense in an exceedingly able manner. The jury after being out 
twenty-four hours rendered a verdict of guilty. 

Whether Waterville or Augusta should be the terminus of the 
Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad, which by the charter of 
1845 was authorized to touch the Kennebec at any point between 
the north line of Waterville and the south line of Hallowcll, was 
a burning question. Great interests and powerful men favored 

1. The paper 1ms rendcreil valuable service In gathering and preserving his- 
torical and biographical matter, a very large amount of -which it has published. 
Prof. Asa L. Lane has carefully examined the file of the Mail owned by Mrs 
Wing, who kindly allowed its use, and has gathered a vast amount of interesting 
matter which has been freely used in tlie preparation of this volume. Eds. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 69 

Augiista. A mass meeting was called at which Timothy 
Boutelle, Samuel Taylor and Prof. Champlin made addresses. 
The classical scholar made a great speech and the men of affairs 
were quickly engaged in the acts which determined that Water- 
ville and not Augusta should be the great railroad center of 
INIaine.^ When on July 4, 1848, the annual meeting of the stock- 
holders of the A. & K. R. R. was held in the town hall, five of 
the directors chosen were Waterville men. Timothy Boutelle, 
President ; Jediah Morrill, John Ware, Reuben B. Dunn, W. B. 
S. Moor. A petition to unite with Waterville that portion of 
Winslovv lying between the Kennebec and the Sebasticook shared 
the fate now historic of its successors. 

The year 1849 saw the practical end of river travel. The A. 
& K. Railroad was completed and passengers and freight found 
a new way of entrance. 

The commencement of '49 was notable for the oration by 
Theodore Parker, the poems by S. F. Smith and John G. Saxe 
and the oration for the master's degree by Josiah Hayden Drum- 
mond of Winslow. Mr. Drummond's subject was "Physical 
Astronomy." 

November 27, 1849, the Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad 
was finished to Waterville and a grand stockholders' meeting 
was held in celebration of the event. The first train ever to leave 
Waterville went down to Readfieid to meet the Portland train. 
On the return it was greeted with thunder of cannon, ringing of 
bells and the cheers of citizens. The banquet was held in the 
freight house, which was thronged with people. Prayer was 
ofl'ered by Dr. Sheldon and addresses were made by Hon. 

1. A railroad song by Silas Eedington was sung at an exhibition of the Liberal 
Institute Feb. 23, 1847. Tune, "Old Dan Tucker. The first stanza was : 
We've beat the bush and caught the bird. 
Now onward, forward is the word, 
By opposition strong assailed, 
That opposition now has failed. 
Chorus. Then clear the track the engine's coming. 
In forty nine you'll hear it hun 



Last verse. Now ply the spade and ply the shovel, 
And bow the hilltops to a level ; 
Fill up the valley, bridge the stream. 
And then bring on your iron team. 
Chorus. Now clear the track for Androscoggin, 
The steam is up and we'll be joggin. 



70 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Timothy Boutelle, Judge Preble of Portland, W. B. S. Moor of 
Eang-or, then holding the office of United States senator; Lot M. 
Morrill and several others. In the evening the floor was cleared 
for a dance which ended the hearty celebration of a very signifi- 
cant day. 

The "great fire" of 18.49 swept the business section of the town, 
about the wharves and mills. The Moors were the heaviest 
losers. 

The grocers may be interested in the fact that the delivering 
of groceries was introduced this year by E. L. Smith as "Smith's 
Accommodation Grocery Express." A milk route was estab- 
lished by jMr. Hayward of Winslow. 

The year 1850 saw the opening of the Elmwood Hotel under 
the management of Seavey and Williams. The old taverns from 
the Jackins Tavern of 1795 down, presided over by such genial 
landlords as Daniel Fairfield, Col. Mathews, Major Bolcom, 
William Dorr, Joseph Freeman, Levi Dow, Elisha Howard. 
Deacon Abial P. Follansbee who, on the site of the Elmwood and 
afterward in the house now the residence of W. M. True, kept a 
"Temperance Hotel," Cvrus Williams and others had satisfac- 
torily met the demands of the time. Something on a larger scale 
became desirable with the growing importance of the town. 
This was secured and has been maintained by the Elmwood. 
After its destruction by fire it was rebuilt in 1878 and has been 
frequently improved until its enlargement during the present 
year. It has furnished a pleasant home to its many city board- 
ers, a fine headquarters for convention delegates, a worthy place 
of entertainment for commencement dignitaries, and the scene 
of many festal occasions when clubs and college societies have 
celebrated after their fashion. 

The landlords of the Elmwood have been : A. D. Seavey, 
Dr. Fitzgerald, James Osborne, Eben Murch and for the last 
twelve years Henry E. Judkins to whom its increased efficiency 
is due. 

March 10, 1851, Samuel Appleton and Isaiah Marston were 
appointed a committee to purchase a farm and buildings for a 
poorhouse establishment, not to exceed $3,000 in cost. 

June I, 1 85 1, saw the dedication of Pine Grove Cemetery. 
The earliest place of burial in the town was the high ground 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 7I 

lying south of Western Avenue near the water works and 
bordered on three sides by the Messalonskee. Here the 
McKechnies, Toziers and about forty of the early inhabitants of 
the town were buried. No stones have marked their resting 
place, within the memory of present citizens, but the writer has 
found on the spot pieces of the flat stone usually employed in 
early times to mark graves. The next cemetery was what is now 
Monument Park. It early became apparent that this would be 
entirely inadequate, and after the purchase of Pine Grove the 
bodies here buried were removed thither and the Soldiers' Monu- 
ment Association was allowed to place the monument in the 
center of the park. Pine Grove had been purchased in 1842 but 
was not prepared for use and dedicated until 1851.^ The church 
services of Sunday afternoon were suspended. A great throng 
gathered in the new cemetery whose first open grave received the 
body of Miss Helena Low. The services were continued by 
prayer by Dr. Sheldon and addresses by Rev. Mr. Gardner and 
Prof. J. R. Loomis. An original hymn written by Miss Julia 
Moor was sung. 

The town has been well served by the men who have managed 
Pine Grove Cemetery. In 1854 Samuel Appleton gave eight 
acres of land as an addition to the cemetery, this has been 
increased by purchase and by gift until at present (1902) it 
includes thirty acres. 

The gift in 1883, by Mr. W. H. Arnold, of $5,000 for the use 
of the cemetery committee has been of great significance, and has 
made possible the improvements which are of so great satisfac- 
tion to the citizens.. Much credit is due to the cemetery com- 
mittee on which have served C. R. McFadden, K. E. Heath, E. 
L. Getchell, N. Meader, W. B. Arnold, Frank Redington and 
H. B. Snell. 

The semi-centennial of Waterville in 1852 was not celebrated, 
but the 4th of July was observed by a great procession, an oration 
at the Baptist church by Moses L. Appleton of Bangor, and a 

1. June 6, 1842, tlie town voted tliat Snra'l Appleton, .Joseph Hitchings, F. O. 
Saunders, Oliver Gardner and Hall Cbase be a Com. authorized to purchase of 
Win. Pearson eight acres of Land on the Plains for a Burying Ground, payinghim 
two hundred and fifty dollars therefor, he having the right to tafee off three fourths 
of the timber standing on the same within one year under their supervision. 



72 HISTORY OF WATEKN'ILLIC. 

collation at the railroad station, when Josiah H. Drummond 
acted as toasttnaster. 

The work on the Penobscot & Kennebec Railroad, which was 
to extend from Waterville to Bangor, began September 27, 1852. 
It will surprise no one that the building now employed as the 
high school building dates from the year 1853 and that as it was 
not constructed for such a purpose it has been unworthily pro- 
moted entirely out of its proper grade. 

In 1854 the fugitive slave, Anthony Burns, was carried by 
armed force back from Boston into slavery. June 3rd the fol- 
lowing notice was ])osted on the trees along the streets of Water- 
ville. 

The Knell of Freedom ! ! 

The undersigned, not doubting the full sympathy of the citi- 
zens of Waterville in the fate of Bums, recently remanded into 
slavery in the city of Boston, take the liberty of calling a public 
meeting in the town hall at 3 o'clock this afternoon to see if they 
will have the bells tolled in token of their sym.pathy and also 
take any other measures in regard to the case. 
J. T. Champlin Moses Hanscom 

J. R Elden T. Boutelle 

J. H. Drummond F. Kimball 

A most emphatic discussion was held and the bells were tolled 
for an hour. 

At the annual town meeting, March 13, 1854, the regular order 
had been suspended and the Nebraska Resolutions introduced 
by James Stackpole, Esq., given unanimous passage.^ 

1. KE.SOLVED, That the Eighth Section of the Act of Congress by which Missouri 
was lulniltted to the Union of North American States, which provided for the 
exclusion of Slavery forever from that part of the territory cedeil to the United 
States by France, called Louisiana lying north of latitude 36° 30', except said State 
of Missouri, was in effect and intention a solemn compact between tlie slave- 
holding and non-slaveholding States, whicli cannot be directly or indirectly 
repealed, abiogated or impaired, by any action of Congress or territorial or State 
governuients, without a gross violation of that good faith between the Slave- 
holding and Free States, on the preservation of which depends the existence of 
the Union. 

Resolved, That the bill now pending for the organization anil government of 
tlie territories of Kansas and Nebraska, whereby it is proposed to abrogate and 
repeal the socalled Missouri Compromise, is viewed by the people of this town 
with deep concern and alarm, as tending to destroy all nmtual respect and con- 
fidence between the members of the Union, and with deep abhorrence as destroy- 



HISTORY OF \\'ATEK\'ILLE. 73 

The fire engine, the ever victorious "Waterville 3" arrived 
March 3rd, 1854, and on July 4th began her career of conquest 
by capturing a silver trumpet in a contest at Augusta. J. H. 
Drummond was foreman, W. A. Caffrey, assistant ; E. L. 
Getchell, clerk. This engine won trophies for many years and 
never failed to receive a prize. In November, 1854 telegraphic 
cnnimunication was established in Waterville. The railroad 
bridge across the Kennebec, built in 1854, was first used January 
I9> 1^55- -^ Waterville Library Association was formed in 
1854 with Joseph Percival as president.' 

The Fourth of July, 1855 was celebrated by a great procession 
and a banquet. Three fire engines, one of them "the Bloomer" 
witii a company of seventy boys, were in line. Twenty men, 
and as many ladies on horseback rode forth a vision of strength 
and beauty. Floral cars and floats with tradesmen at work 
formed part of the parade. Six pairs of boots for example, were 
made during its progress. 

July 30, 1855 the Penobscot & Kennebec Railroad was opened 
to Bangor. Hon. Timothy Boutelle died, November 12, 1855, 
and Hon. Stephen Stark, who in many ways had served his town 
with conspicuous ability, died November 18. 

These were the days when great public questions were agitat- 
ing the minds of the people. "The Mechanics' Debating Club" 
enrolled many young men whose names were to become well 
known. C. S. Newell was president ; G. A. L. Merrifield, secre- 
tary ; J. Manchester Haynes. treasurer ; W. B. Marston, E. R. 
Drummond, C. H. Alden, F. B. Chandler, William Stevens, C. D. 
Swett, C. M. Emery, Nathaniel Meader, Frank F. Dunbar and 
others were members. 

ing the great interests of human liberty, and consigning a vast and beautiful 
territory, once secured to Freedom to the blight and curse of Slavery. 

Kesolved, That we have beheld with great satisfaction the stand taken by the 
Senators of Maine against this tremendous outrage and iniquity; that it will be 
our pride and glory to sustain them in their noble efforts to save our national 
character from so foul a blot, and that in such a conflict the father of iniquity 
could not have bestowed a higher compliment or greater praise on the Senator 
from Maine, than by attributing to him— simplicity— an attribute which we pray 
he may preserve— the simplicity of truth, of justice and of integrity, amidst the 
temptations with which he is surrounded, before which our greatest and best, as 
well as our meanest and most corrupt Statesmen, have too often fallen." 

1. This Association had a course of Lectures in 18.')5-6 with the following lect- 
urers: Frederick Douglas. Bayard Taylor, .John G. Saxe, Edwin P. Whipple, Mrs. 
E. Cakes Smith, Rev. T. Starr King, Rev. William H. Milburn, Dr. J. P.Thompson, 
Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes and Dr. E. H. Chapin. 



74 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Waterville was very decided in the matter of temperance legis- 
lation and when it came to a vote, for the License Law of 1856, 
there were 18 votes. For the Prohibitory Law of 1858, 292. 
At the college commencement in 1858, Dr. James T. Champlin 
became president and John B. Foster was elected Professor of 
the Greek and Latin languages. S. S. Brown and Sabine Emery 
were among the graduates. 

Joshua Nye was busily engaged in that temperance instruc- 
tion of the children which characterizes his life. From his duties 
as an official of the railroad he was never too weary to lead the 
"Cadets of Temperance." On one occasion they presented Mr. 
Nye a silver goblet, the presentation speech being made by Frank 
C. Lowe, while the officers of the society, Boutelle Noyes, Fred 
E. Boothby, W. .M. and R. W. Dunn and Fred C. Thayer, gave 
him their moral support. 

The night of August 20, 1859 was made memorable by a fire 
which destroyed over $12,000 worth of property in mills and 
machinery belonging to Daniel Moor, W. & W. Getchell and 
Furbush & Drummond. 

Waterville's representative in the Legislature, Hon. Josiah H. 
Drummond, was speaker of the House in 1858. 

These were years of prosperity in the chtirches. The member- 
ship of the Baptist church was greatly increased, the Congrega- 
tional church built an addition to its building and the movement 
which resulted in the Unitarian church was begun. 

The sentiment of the town in national affairs is shown by the 
vote for presidential electors, November 6th, i860, when Abner 
Coburn and William Willis, the Lincoln electors, received 504 
votes to 186 for three other tickets. 

September 6, i860 was ordained as pastor of the Baptist 
church, George D. B. Pepper, a man of keen mind, great ability, 
true and lofty patriotism. Through the troubled days that fol- 
lowed, his pulpit gave no uncertain sound. Later as president 
and professor in the college and as a citizen of the highest order, 
he has deserved the honor which he receives. 

Note. "Wiiterville Engine No. 3" wfts victorious over the "Victor" at KendalPs 
Mills, anil at tlie Stiite Fair in Bangor. A reception anil collation was given at 
the Engine Hall on their return. July 4, 1859, a third silver trumpet was won at 
Uangor. 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 75 

Waterville gathered as one man in the old town hall, April 

20, 1861, to take action concerning the rebellion. Joshua Nye 
called the meeting to order, Solyman Heath was chosen chair- 
man, I. S. Bangs, Jr., secretarv-. W. A. Hatch of the college 
stated the action of the special session of the Legislature at 
Augusta. Hon. W. H. Weeks of California gave a thrilling 
speech and addresses were made by Joshua Nye, Edwin Noyes, 
F. S. Hesseltine, D. L. Alilliken, Rev. Edward Hawes, F. P. 
Haviland and others. A company of about seventy-five men 
was fonned on the spot for purposes of drill. Edwin Noyes 
promised to furnish a drill master for three months. Two com- 
panies of soldiers were immediately formed, one of eighty-three 
men under Capt. F. S. Hesseltine, containing fourteen college 
students, the other of eighty men under Capt. William S. Heath 
with Francis E. Heath as first lieutenant and John R. Day as 
second. The first march of the companies was to C. F. Hatha- 
way's shirt factory, where each man was presented with a pair 
of French flannel shirts by Mr. Hathaway. On Tuesday, ]\Iay 

21, 1861 the companies went to Augusta where they were mus- 
tered in as Co's. G and H of the Third Maine Regiment which 
soon was led to the front by its gallant Col. O. O. Howard. 
These companies gave good account of themselves on the field, 
were complimented bj^ their superior officers for dauntless 
bravery and were unsurpassed in the old Third Regiment which 
bore home on its banner the names of fourteen battles, among 
which were Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. 

Sergeant-Major F. W. Haskell was promoted for gallant con- 
duct at Fair Oaks. Wm. S. Heath was killed at Gaines Mills 
having risen to the rank of lieutenant-colonel in the Ffth Maine. 
Of him the New York Herald said, "Perhaps no one is more 
regretted in his division than Lieut. -Col. Heath of Waterville. 
He was of all men the most consistent, courageous and chiv- 
alrous. We saw him a little before the battle reading in the 
shady serenity of his tent a Latin copy of Caesar's Commen- 
taries." Capt. F. S. Hesseltine rose to the rank of colonel. 
Lieut. Francis E. Heath became Colonel of the Nineteenth Maine 
and commanded a brigade at Gettysburg. On that historic field 
he not only distinguished himself by great bravery, but he and 
his command rendered a service of the utmost importance at a 



70 HISTORY OF W ATKIUILLIi. 

critical time in the battle. Waterville men were in the i6th 
Maine when it led the charge at Fredericksburg and suffered at 
Chancellorsville. At Gettysburg were Capt. W. A. Stevens, 
Sergeant Edwin C. Stevens, Corporal William Ballentine and 
nianv private soldiers among whom our French fellow citizens 
had honorable place. 

Capt. Isaac S. Bangs, who went out from Waterville in com- 
mand of Co. A of the 20th Maine, was promoted for gallant con- 
duct, February 26, 1863, to be Lieutenant-Colonel of the 8ist 
U. S. C. troops, was again promoted to be Colonel of the loth U. 
S. C. Artillery and was made Brigadier-General by brevet, March 
13, 1865. Among the dead at Gettysburg were many Waterville 
men ; among the wounded was Sergt. Geo. W. Reynolds. Our 
soldiers followed the fortunes of war until the end and were in 
the line which Gen. Chamberlain drew up to receive the sur- 
render of Gen. Lee. 

From the western part of the town many soldiers went to the 
front. Several were in the 3d Regiment and many in the 21st. 
Among the bravest men who gave his life in the service was 
Sergeant William W. Wyman, for whom Post No. 97 is named. 
Throughout the war the soldiers of Waterville acquitted them- 
selves with great credit. They were brave in battle, patient 
under hardships, faithful and loyal to duty. If the saving of 
this Nation and the making possible its magnificent present and 
its more wonderful future be worthy of credit, then in that credit 
Waterville deserves a full share. She gave to the service 421 
men of whom more than one-eighth died before the war was over. 

Some incidents of 1864 will indicate how closely Waterville 
was in touch with the army. Charles R. Shorey w-as promoted 
to be 1st Lieut. Co. A, 20th Maine. Geo. S. Scammon recruited 
a company for the nth Maine and went to the front as Captain. 
September 24, 1864, the body of Henry E. Tozier of Co. I, 8th 
Maine, was brought home and buried with Masonic honors. Of 
him Col. now General McArthur said : "We have lost a brave 
and true man, there was not his superior as an officer in this 
regiment." 

June 19. 1864, Capt. William A. Stevens was shot at Peters- 
burg and lived only an hour. To his brother Edwin he said, 
"Tell the friends at home that I died thinking of them and that 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. "jy 

I died calm and happy." Two months later that brother, Sergt.- 
Major Edwin C. Stevens was killed in the battle for the defense 
of the Weldon Railroad. 

At home the loyalty of the citizens was shown in many ways. 
A soldiers' Aid Association was formed August 28, '1861 with 
Mrs. G. D. B. Pepper as president ; Mrs. C. E. Hamlin, vice- 
president ; Mrs. Edward Hawes, secretary ; Mrs. S. Hoag, 
treasurer. 

The town was liberal in the matter of bounties, giving at the 
rate of $100 in 1862 and of $500 for three years' men, July 18, 
1864. 

March 14, 1864, a concert by local talent was given in the town 
hall for the purpose of starting a fund for a soldiers' monument. 
At a second concert, The Soldiers' Monument Association was 
formed with Geo. A. Phillips as president; William A. Cafifrey, 
vice-president; Daniel R. Wing, secretary; Geo. L. Robinson, 
treasurer ; and Jones R. Elden, E. G. Meader and C. M. Morse 
trustees. Annual membership fees were placed at one dollar 
each for males, and fifty cents for females. When the member- 
ship fees did not come in rapidly enough, committees made a 
canvass for members. Thus in 1875 the committee consisted of 
Col. F. E. Heath, Dr. Atwood Crosby, P. S. Heald, Miss 
Florence Plaisted, Mrs. L. A. Dow and Mrs. C. G. Carleton. 
The association continued its work until, with an appropriation 
of $1,000 by the town,^ it obtained funds sufficient to secure the 
beautiful bronze statue of the "Citizen Soldier" by Milmore 
which adorns Monument Park. The town, March 13, 1865, 
granted the use of the park as a site for the monument which 
was dedicated May 30, 1876. 

During the war, the college also had seen dark days. The 
class of '62 was the largest which the college ever had graduated. 
Many wore the soldier's uniform, some to be distinguished soon 
by the soldier's heroic death, some to render long and important 
service in life's work. Richard C. Shannon became distin- 
guished in the army rising to the rank of colonel. His affection 
for the college is witnessed by the Shannon Observatory and 
Physical Building, his gift in 1887. Another of the class was 
Edward W. Hall, so long professor and librarian at the college. 

1. The town gave an equal amount for a Soldiers' Memorial at West Waterville. 



70 HISTOKV OF WATERVILLE. 

So many of the students entered the army and so many were 
kept at home by the war that the classes almost reached the 
vanishing point. The fimds also were very low. Commence- 
ment Day, August lo, 1864, President Champlin announced that 
Gardner Colby of Newton, Mass., a former resident of Water- 
ville. had promised the college $50,000 on condition that $100,000 
additional be raised. This secured the continuance and the 
enlargement of the college. 

A Sunday school convention held here in 1865 is remembered 
as the first appearance in Waterville of Samuel Osborne. He 
had come north with Col. S. C. Fletcher of the 7th Maine. He 
bore at the convention a banner with the couplet "A man's a man 
for a' that," a sentiment which by long and faithful service to the 
college he has proved to a succession of classes and to the public 
generally. In the same year Dr. James H. Hanson returned 
to the great work of his life at the institute, though meanwhile 
he was to fill a very important place in the church and the com- 
munity. 

The Waterville Mail declared, in 1865, that the "business of 
the village is slowly working up town." To the casual visitor 
it was not apparent that it was working in any direction. The 
magnificent water power of the Kennebec was contemptuously 
turning the wheels of one saw and one grist mill. As late as 
1867 S. L. Boardman in his "History of Kennebec County" says 
of Waterville : "The East village is celebrated for its beauty ; 
the West, (Oakland) for its business." On account of the large 
development of the manufacture of scythes and axes by the 
Dunns and others at West W^aterville, this was true and the 
prospect of growth in the western part of the town seemed much 
brighter than it did here. Some, however, had confidence in the 
future of this village. The Unitarian church was built at a cost 
of $17,000 and dedicated September 4, 1866 with a sermon by 
Rev. Edward Everett Hale of Boston. The quick charity of the 
town appeared when, on the news of the great fire in Portland, a 
meeting was held, $1,448.75 was raised and sent by special mes- 
senger to the Mayor of Portland. This gift to Portland may 
seem small in comparison with the gift of Hon. Josiah H. Dnim- 
mond. Mayor Frederic E. Boothby and many others but it shows 
our kindly disposition toward the Maine metropolis. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE:. 79 

The college class at commencement numbered five, but when 
we note that one of the graduates was F. W. Bakeman and an 
oration for the Master's Degree was given by William Penn 
Whitehouse, we discern the quality of the college work. 

Rival caucuses in which the West village was unanimous for 
Abner R. Small for Representative and the East for Reuben 
Foster, indicated something beside the perfect harmony of the 
ideal town. 

For some time it had been apparent to the wisest business men 
of the place that the day of the old minor industries of Water- 
ville was past. Something on a new and larger scale was neces- 
sary or the town would never increase. Quietly a new move- 
ment was made. The leading spirit in it was George Alfred 
Phillips, long a prominent and progressive citizen of the town. 
The water power and shore rights along the Kennebec were 
owned by about fifty proprietors. Upon this property, at great 
labor, Mr. Phillips secured options. February 6, 1866 "The 
Ticonic Water Power and Manufacturing Company" was char- 
tered by the Maine Legislature, with authority to carry on genera! 
manufactures. Its members were D. L. Milliken, N. R. Boutelle, 
T. W. Herrick, C. R. Mathews. C. R. McFadden, E. G. Meader, 
A. A. Plaisted, Nathaniel Meader, E. L. Getchell, E. F. Webb, 
Solyman Heath, G. A. Phillips, J. W. Philbrick, I. S. Bangs, 
Samuel Appleton, W^ B. Arnold, E. R. Drummond, James 
Drummond and J. P. Richardson. G. A. Phillips was made 
treasurer and perfected the purchase of the bonded property. 
In 1868 the Lockwood Dam^ across the Kennebec was built and 
power leased to Smith & Meader for a lumber mill and to D. L. 
]\Iilliken for a grist mill. Over $125,000 of local capital had 
gone into the enterprise and the great industry for which prep- 
aration had been made was not yet in sight. The price of stock 
fell to a very low figure. 

In 1873 Reuben B. Dunn, who had had large place in devel- 
oping the manufacturing at West Waterville, bought a controlling 
interest in the stock of the Ticonic Company. In 1873 plans for 
a cotton mill of 33,000 spindles were accepted and Mr. Dunn 

Note. At the Firemen's Muster, Lewiston July 4, 1S66, the Ticonic Ones of 
Waterville took first prize, a silver trumpet. 
1. The Dam was built by Mr. Thomas I. Emery, and was completed Nov. 14, 1868. 



So HISTORY OF WATERVII LE. 

with his sons W'illard M. and Reuben \\'. began the construction 
of the mill. Mr. Amos D. Lockwood became interested in the 
project and the Lockwood Company was formed. The first 
cloth was woven in February, 1876. The plant was increased in 
1882 by the erection of mill No. 2 with a capacity of 55,000 
spindles. Such was the origin of the Lockwood Company, a 
company which now employs about 1,300 hands with a pay roll 
of $415,000 per year. Mr. Stephen L Abbott has been the agent 
of the mills from the start and his son, W. H. K. Abbott, has 
held the important position of superintendent with signal ability 
since 1890. 

The introduction of such a manufacturing industry means 
much to any city, but in W'aterville it meant a great deal more 
than its own product. It turned the attention of the people to 
manufacturing as the fitting use for the great power which was 
floating past their doors to the sea. The iron foundry, oldest 
and most constant of Waterville industries was busy. The 
Hathaway Shirt Factory had been long established and had been 
of much value to the town, but these had not given the impulse 
necessary to the development of Waterville as a manufacturing 
city. The work at the Lockwood Mills brought a large increase 
to the population, notably of the French people. 

The first French immigrant to Waterville was Jean Matthieu, 
who came about 1827. He was the first among the French to 
have a "framed house," rebuilding a house which had been moved 
from Fairfield into the "Matthieu house" which stands on the 
east side of Water street. A little later Jean Marcou settled in 
Winslow. In the thirties came Peter DeRocher, Abraham and 
Joseph Roneo and others. When Jacob Pare desired to be mar- 
ried he was obliged to go with his lady to Whitefield in order to 
find a priest to perform the ceremony. Mass was said for the 
first time on the plains by Father Fortier in the old Matthieu 
house. The Poulins, Lacombes and many others came during 
the forties. All the immigrants were poor. Several families 
made shelters by digging into the steep hillside and putting up 
a rude cabin of slabs as a front. One of the citizens whose 
wealth now amounts to several tens of thousands of dollars tells 
how an unsuspicious cow who had strayed upon one of these turf 
roofs came down through it into the midst of the astonished 



HISTORY OF WATERVlLLfi. 8l 

family. As early as 1851 a movement was started which secured 
the chapel in which the Catholics worshipped until the erection 
of their large and fine church on Elm street. 

Peter Bolduc opened the first French store in 1862 continuing 
in business imtil he sold out to Exear Reny and moved west. 
He was the first of a long line of trench merchants, many of 
whom have been successful and have amassed wealth. 

In the early days there was bitter feeling between the young 
men of the plains and the young men of the town. The town 
young men did not go down to the plains with good intent and 
when the plains men came up town they came in bands strong 
enough for oflfense or defense, as the case might require. Some- 
times the French warriors imported some redoubtable fighter 
from Bangor or Orono to retrieve disaster or to lead their clans 
to victory. All this is far past. The progress of the French 
citizens in education, wealth and position has been remarkable. 
They own their homes and also a large amount of property in 
stores and business enterprises. They are well represented in the 
learned professions, law, medicine and theology and have had 
important share in the city government. To a large degree has 
the history of the French people been the history of the 
Catholic church (see chapter on churches of Water- 
ville) and the noble edifice of St. Francis de Sales church 
with its convent and its parochial schools, now being enlarged, 
is a worthy monument to their progress as well as to their devo- 
tion. His predecessors had wrought well but an unparalleled 
work in building up his church and its schools and in the civil 
life of the community, has been done in his quarter century pas- 
torate by the Rev. Father Narcisse Charland. 

The Protestant French also are highly regarded. They have 
carried on an increasingly important church work for many years, 
have a fine chapel on \\'ater street with good congregations and 
efficient work in all departments. They have an able and hon- 
ored pastor, Rev. Paul N. Cayer, who (1902) has been seven 
years in this church. An excellent spirit prevails between 
Catholic and Protestant, each recognizing the other's sincerity 
and his right to worship God according to the dictates of his 
conscience. 



82 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

The first observance of Memorial Day in W'aterville was On 
May 30, 1868. The college students, under Capt. R. W. Dunn, 
marched to Pine Grove. At the grave of Major Geo. C. Getchell 
prayer was oflFered, at the graves of Capt. Wm. A. and Sergt. 
Major E. C. Stevens a short oration was given by Mr. J. B. 
Clougli of the senior class. Halt was made at the grave gi 
Surgeon Wallace W. West, and the graves of all the soldiers 
were decorated with flowers. 

Among the graduates of that year were Julian D. Taylor, who 
immediately was appointed tutor, R. W. Dunn and L. D. Carver. 

Memorial Hall and Library Building were dedicated at the 
commencement of 1869. Ex-Governor Coburn of the building 
committee, Hon. Hannibal Hamlin, president of the Board of 
Trustees, President Champlin and Gen. H. M. Plaisted, president 
of the Alumni Association passed the keys with fitting words 
and the chief address was given by Rev. Geo. W. Bosworth, D. 
D., of Haverhill, Mass. 

That good work was done in the old railroad shops was 
evidenced when some seventy-five friends gathered at the 
rooms of Master Mechanic J. W. Philbrick to celebrate 
the completion of a locomotive built in the shops from his 
own designs. The signal mechanical ability of Mr. Phil- 
brick during his thirty-three years of connection with the Maine 
Central Railroad as master mechanic was of the utmost value 
to the road. Mr. Philbrick turned the first and also the last 
piece of iron turned in the old railroad shops. Waterville Sav- 
ings Bank, which has had not a little to do with the development 
and prosperity of the city, was organized May 4, i86g with Wm. 
Dyer as president and Homer Percival as treasurer. Hon. 
Reuben Foster succeeded Mr. Dyer in the office which he held 
till his death. In 1874 Mr. Everett R. Drummond became 
cashier, who still continues a work which has been abundantly 
successful. In i86g the name of Redington (C. H.) appears 
in the furniture business and ever since has been prominently 
identified with the larger business interests of Waterville. 

October 5, i86g the Ticonic toll bridge was carried away by a 
freshet. Augusta, fearing danger, sent a crew up river by train. 

Note. J. H. Monroe's paper mill on the Messalonskee was burned Mar. U, 1868, 
Involving a loss of about $20,000. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 83 

who grappled and captured the bridge at Vassalboro. It had 
been built in 1835. damaged in 1835 but soon rebuilt. The con- 
tract for a new bridge was let to a syndicate of Waterville men. 
Great opposition to the building of an expensive bridge, to be 
free and without tolls was aroused. Finally a special act of the 
Legislature was secured and the county commissioners ordered 
the bridge. It was completed and opened to travel December 
I, 1870 at a cost of $32,000, of which Waterville paid $26,000. 

The fine edifice of the Methodist church was built in 1869. 
The society was not large but as it had within its membership 
one man, Reuben B. Dunn, who was willing to give fourteen 
thousand of the eighteen thousand dollars which the building 
cost, in this instance size was not necessary to success. Decem- 
ber 30, 1869 Major Henry S. Burrage was ordained pastor of 
the Baptist church. In his brief but successful pastorate before 
removing to Portland to become editor of Zion's Advocate, he 
closely identified himself with the interests of the town, and with 
A. A. Plaisted organized the Waterville Library Association. 
Each member paid $3 annually which was expended for books. 

Colby opened her doors to women in 1871 and Miss Mary C. 
Low of this town was the first woman to enter. She was gradu- 
ated with honor in 1875 having shown herself amply able to cope 
with the young men in all matters intellectual. She is now the 
wife of Hon. L. D. Carver of Augusta, State Librarian, and their 
daughter, Miss Ruby Carver, is a member of Colby, Class of 
1904. 

Edwin Noyes, Esq., resigned the office of superintendent of 
the M. C. R. R. in 1871 and December 28 about 200 of the 
employes of the road gathered at his home and presented him 
a costly gold watch as a token of regard. 

Hon. Reuben Foster, Waterville's representative, was speaker 
of the House in 1870 and 1871. In 1872 he was president of the 
Maine Senate. 

The event of the year 1873 was the division of the town. A 
petition for division was circulated by Mr. A. P. Benjamin of 
the West village, chairman of the board of selectmen, and 350 
signers were secured. A counter petition was circulated. At 
a town meeting in W'aterville, January 28, 227 to 130 or a 
majority of 97 favored division. February 4, at a town meeting 



84 HISTORY OF WATERVJLLE. 

held in the West village, those favoring- division took no part 
and 393 votes were cast against it. In the legislative committee 
of nine, five were against division and four favored it. The 
four urged the distance between the villages, their separate cor- 
porate capacity, differing business interests, opposition of each 
to improvements in the other, the struggle over the free bridge 
with loss to the town of $8,000, etc. The bill for the division was 
approved February 26, 1873. The name West Waterville was 
changed to Oakland March 10, 1883. 

The Waterville Temperance Reform Club was organized April 
14, 1873 and within one week had over 200 members. At the 
college commencement Dr. Champlin closed his thirtj'-one years 
of efficient labor for the college and Rev. Henry E. Robms, his 
successor, was installed. Hon, Edmund F. Webb, so long and 
honorably known as among the ablest of Waterville's lawyers 
was speaker of the Maine House in 1873 was also in his second 
term in the Maine Senate president of that body. In 1874 two 
men came to Waterville who were to have much to do with its 
business interests. M. C. Foster and Horace Purinton. The 
firms of M. C. Foster & Son and Horace Purinton & Co. are 
known all over the State, for many of the largest and most expen- 
sive public buildings in the State have been constructed by one 
or the other of these firms. 

The St. Francis de Sales Catholic church was dedicated June 
14, 1874. 

The Fourth of July, 1874 was celebrated by the boys in their 
usual manner. By the adults by an oration on the Park by Rev. 
S. P. Merrill, by a grand dinner in the town hall at which a gold 
badge was presented to Willard B. Arnold, chief engineer of 
the fire department. Hon. E. F. Webb presided at the dinner 
and after dinner speeches were made by President Robins, Dr. 
F. C. Thayer, R. J. Barry, Hon. Reuben Foster, E. R. Drum- 
mond, Joshua Nye, Prof. E. W. Hall,, Simeon Keith, C. H. Red- 
ington and others. At a trial of fire engines, in the afternoon, 
the Ticonic played 198 feet 6 inches ; the Waterville Three, 185 
feet, 2 inches. Fireworks in Nudd field completed the celebra- 
tion. 

The gift by Hon. Abner Coburn of $50,000 to the institute 
was announced at commencement, 1874. The town enjoyed 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 85 

during that year the largest "building boom" in its history to 
that time. The new mill is a part of the explanation. Lamp 
posts were erected and street lamps were introduced in 1874 and 
in the same year the wooden railroad bridge over the falls was 
replaced by the present structure of iron. 

In 1875 a new town hall was proposed but the town decided 
to enlarge the old one by adding to it thirty-three feet at an 
expense of $5,000. The Baptist meeting house was remodelled 
and improved at an expense of $17,000. 

The exercises of Memorial Day were for the first time under 
the auspices of W. S. Heath Post No. 14, Department of Maine, 
G. A. R. Original hymns by Mrs. M. K. Boutelle and A. L. 
Hinds were read. Rev. S. P. Merrill gave an address and Prof. 
J. B. Foster read a poem written for the occasion by Mrs. 
Atwood Crosby. 

The Merchants National Bank was organized August 4, 1875 
with Hon. John Ware as president ; Geo. C. Getchell, secretary ; 
Geo. H. Ware, cashier. From the start it has been an important 
element in the business of the town and never more so than at 
the present time with Mr. John Ware, son of the first president, 
as president and Mr. Horatio D. Bates as cashier. 

The Waterville Free High School was established in 1876. 
The arrangement by which the town pupils of high school grade 
had attended the institute having terminated the year before. 
In 1876 began also the twenty-five years of faithful work of Prof. 
Asa L. Lane at the institute. His departments in the school 
involved a broad field but his enthusiasm for nature took him 
yet farther afield with results shown in the Lane Museum at 
Coburn and in the delight and instruction of his classes and of 
all who have heard his lectures. 

Telephone connection between Waterville and Portland was 
established in 1878, the first conversation being between Payson 
Tucker and Geo. A. Alden, March 31st. 

St. Mark's Episcopal church was opened July 5, 1878, and 
August 25th the Congregational church celebrated its semi-cen- 
tennial with an historical sermon by the pastor, Rev. E. N. Smith. 
The burning of the shank factory on the Messalonskee, March 
6, 1879, threw about fifty hands out of employment. Mr. C. 
R. McFadden closed his eighteen years of duty as postmaster 



86 HISTORY OT WATEKVILLE. 

of Waterville. He had been both efficient and jiopular. Rev. 
Wm. H. Spencer began his twenty years' pastorate of the Baptist 
church during which so much was to be wrought for the 
church and the city. Mr. Gardner Colby died April 2, 1879, at 
his home at Newton, Mass. He had befriended the college in 
its darkest hour: by gift and becjuest he bestowed upon it about 
$200,000 and rightly does it perpetuate his name. While a boy 
he had lived for a while in Waterville. His father, who had 
been a shipbuilder, came to Waterville and engaged in the potash 
business on Silver street. The family home was on Temple 
street. After the death of the father the family removed to 
Boston where Mr. Colby won that business success which enabled 
him to be the princely benefactor of so many important interests 
in education, religion and philanthropy. 

The semi-centennial of the Classical Institute was celebrated 
July 3, 1879, with addresses by Dr. William Mathews and Rev. 
Geo. B. Gow. Hon. Henry W. Paine, first preceptor, Ex-Gov. 
Dingley and others spoke in praise of the school and its principal. 

The event of 1880 in Maine was the "coimt out" by which the 
Governor, through the throwing out of ballots on technicalities, 
sought to overrule the will of a majority of the citizens of the 
State. Meetings of indignation and remonstrance were held 
and other meetings of approval. January 15, 1880, fifty vol- 
unteers left Waterville for Augusta, where a clash of arms was 
expected. Through wise management at headquarters, blood- 
shed was averted and our soldiers returned home the same day. 

The Waterville Sentinel appeared in 1880 under the manage- 
ment of Leger and Robinson. It has won a large place for itself 
on its merits and under its present owners, W. M. Ladd Co. is 
worthily influential. 

A new code of by-laws was adopted by the town, Alarch 14, 
1 88 1 (Waterville Records, Vol. Ill pp. 735-748.) Rev. Dr. G. D. 
B. Pepper was elected president of the college, March 27, 1882. 

On July 4th, 1882, Hon. Stephen Coburn of Skowhegan and 
his only son, Charles Miller Coburn, were drowned. Both were 
graduates of Colby, were true and noble men and were held in 
high honor. As fitting memorial, Hon. Abner Coburn erected 
the fine building which since has been the home of Cobum 
Classical Institute. During 1882 the first steps were taken for 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. Sj 

protection against fire according to modern methods. Permis- 
sion was secured to use the steam pump of the Lockwood Com- 
pany in case of fire and pipes were laid and hose purchased for 
hydrants at the corner of Common, Temple and Appleton streets 
at their junction with Main. 

The death of Lieut. Boutelle Noyes, on the U. S. Ship Rich- 
mond, near Japan, August 29, 1883, brought sorrow to his many 
friends. He was a gallant officer who had performed faithfully 
the duties of his station and who gave promise of rising to the 
highest rank in his profession. 

In 1884 the town enjoyed quite a building boom, the most 
important construction being the iron bridge across the Kenne- 
bec which is still in use. The old bridge had proved too light 
for the work and was badly decayed. The new bridge was built 
under the direction of John Ware, S. J. Abbott and the selectmen, 
Nathaniel Meader, C. E. Mitchell and Geo. Jewell as building 
committee, and cost $36,863.46. It was paid for by town bonds. 

That the town was not anxious for city privileges was indi- 
cated by its refusal to accept the city charter granted by the Leg- 
islature, by a vote of 344 no to 223 yes. 

As to the amendment to the State Constitution, prohibiting 
forever the manufacture, sale and keeping for sale of intoxicating 
liquors, the vote stood, yes, 563, no, 238. 

An event of great importance to the business history of 
Waterville was the securing of the locomotive and car shops of 
the Maine Central Railroad for this city. There was sharp com- 
petition and Portland seemed to have the preference. Waterville, 
however, voted exemption from taxation (practically for twenty 
years) and raised $7,500 for the purchase of a site. Mr. G. A. 
Phillips was active in the matter. Mr. W. B. Arnold and Mr. 
C. E. Gray raised a subscription among the citizens. As a result 
the shops, among the best in the country, were built in Waterville 
to the mutual satisfaction of the company and the town. This 
brought in an industry of the first order, a large number of verj' 
desirable citizens, is building up a fine quarter of the city and 
contributed not a little to the making of Waterville as a railroad 
center. January 4, 1885, Ex-Gov. Abner Coburn died at Skow- 
hegan, the greatest of our Maine philanthropists. His interest 
in W'aterville and its educational work was proved by the 



88 • HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

$100,000 which he gave to Coburn Classical Institute and the 
$200,000 which he gave with much of personal attention and 
labor on its board of trustees, to Colby College. 

The question of water supply was considered in 1886. A 
committee consisting of Reuben Foster, Moses Lyford, F. A. 
Waldron, S. S. Brown, VV. T. Haines, Geo. E. Shores and C. G. 
Carleton reported against the making of a contract with a private 
corporation and in favor of assuming the charter of the Water- 
ville Water Company. This was voted but was afterward recon- 
sidered and a contract was signed with the Water Company in 
May, 1887. to run for twenty years. 

Watervill began her career as a city by the acceptance, 
January 23, 1888, of the amended city charter, which had 
been granted by the Maine Legislature. March 4, 1887,^ the 
vote on acceptance stood 543 in favor, 432 in opposition. March 
9th, Hon. Reuben Foster was elected mayor by a vote of 734; 
S. J. Abbott having 651. Charles F. Johnson was elected city 
clerk. The beautiful north grammar school building had been 
erected under the direction of G. A. Phillips, J. D. Hayden, 
N. G. H. Pulsifer, M. C. Foster, W. T. Haines and the school 
committee at a cost of $20,000. It was dedicated February 28, 
1888. Prof. A. W. Small read a poem "The Building of the 
School House" by Mrs. Martha Baker Dunn. 

Early in March the parochial school of the St. Francis de Sales 
church, through whose doors such a multitude of children were 
to pass was opened. The death of Edwin Noyes March 23, 1888, 
at Young's Hotel, Boston, removed a man long prominent in 
railroad and business circles. The citizens have never become 
quite reconciled to having the Noyes mansion, in the very heart 
of the city, closed. September i, 1888, died Gen. Franklin 
Smith, son of Abijah Smith and grandson of Dr. Obadiah 
Williams. He was prominent in business circles, not only of the 
town but of the State. September 9, 1889, Hon. Reuben B. 
Dunn died at his residence on College street. He had been a 
leader in the development of the great manufacturing industries 
at Oakland, the building of the Somerset Railroad, the establish- 
ment of the Lockwood Company and was its only president until 
his death. Dr. David N. Sheldon died October 4, 1889. He 

1. city charter. Chapter Historical Documents. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 89 

as pastor of churches, president of the College, author, member 
of the school board and a most kindly citizen, had exercised large 
influence in the community. 

A representative of an earlier day, Daniel Moor, died February 
14, 1890. As merchant, manufacturer and ship builder he had 
contributed not a little to the early prosperity of the town. 
Major Samuel Appleton, son of Dr. Moses Appleton and one of 
the most prominent citizens of the town and also Dr. Nathaniel 
R. Boutelle, son of Hon. Timothy Boutelle, and long eminent in 
his profession, died during 1890. Evidently the old order was 
changing. The men of the town who had given it character and 
success were passing away, but the men of the new era were at 
hand. 

The Waterville Board of Trade had been organized in 1889 
with Mayor Nathaniel Meader as president. This board with 
its successive presidents, M. C. Foster, Frank Redington and Dr. 
J. Frederick Hill, has done much for the business interests of the 
town and has had large influence in such important matters as 
the building of the new city hall, the Waterville and Wiscasset 
Railroad, etc. 

Among the earliest, most important and most expensive per- 
manent improvements made by the city was the construction at 
a cost of about $100,000, of an admirable system of sewers. The 
facts of the new business era in Waterville must be reviewed 
briefly. The Hollingsworth and Whitney pulp and paper 
mills were established on the east side of the Kennebec in 
1892 and have steadily increased to their present immense 
plant. Though in Winslow, these mills are nearer to the 
Waterville business center than are the car shops and they 
are practically a part of the Waterville business resources. 
Their pay roll of $360,000 annually is in itself sufficient 
for the maintenance of quite a city. It soon became appar- 
ent to the merchants that the day of larger business opportunities 
had come and they enlarged stores and stocks accordingly. The 
Waterville and Fairfield Railway and Light Company bound 
Waterville and Fairfield into close connection and brought much 
business to the city. This company began running electric cars 
in 1892 one of the first companies in the State so to do. The 
same company began to furnish power for manufacturing pur- 



90 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

poses. The Gamewcll Fire Alarm System was installed Septem- 
ber, 1892, at cost of $2,300. Later Mr. Frank Chase bought the 
old Webber and Philbrick water privilege on the Alessalonskee 
and erected a fine stone dam for electric power. This was sold 
to the Union Gas and Electric Company and is now connected 
with the older company. Yet later the Messalonskee Electric 
Company was formed, Harvey D. Eaton and Walter S. Wyman 
constituting the company. This company now lights our streets 
and soon will have large increase of facilities through utilization 
of the famous cascade at Oakland. This distribution of electric 
power at cheap rates has greatly increased the business of th0 
city. The Riverview Worsted Mills built under the manage- 
ment of Mr. Thomas Sampson, the \\'hittemore Furniture 
Company, the Sawyer Publishing Company, etc., mean much 
to the business prosperity of the city. This development 
has come largely through the efforts of certain public spirited 
professional and business men among whom are Dr. F. C. 
Thayer, Frank Chase, I. C. Libby, Frank Redington, William 
T. Haines, Thomas Sampson, Harvey D. Eaton, Cyrus W. Davis, 
W. B. Arnold, Geo. K. Boutelle, G. F. Terry and others. 

Other events of the decade though fresh in memory should 
have some record here. Early in 1893 the Waterville Trust 
Company began business in Masonic Block. This company with 
its ample capital and its enterprising and progressive manage- 
ment has been a large factor in the development of the city. The 
death of Dr. James H. Hanson, who with characteristic energy 
toiled to the very last, carried personal sorrow to the citizens of 
Waterville and to the students throughout the nation who had 
enjoyed the high privilege of his instruction. Of his half cen- 
tury of teaching he had given forty-two years to Waterville and 
the Institute is his memorial as well as that of his friends whose 
name it bears. Associated with him in the work and in the 
honor of its success is his wife Mrs. Mary Hanson. 

In 1S95 the College celebrated the seventy-fifth anniversary 
of its founding as a college with an oration by Dr. Nathaniel 
Butler of Chicago, his subject being "The College Ideal and 
American Life." Judge W. P. Whitehouse at the same com- 
mencement delivered the oration before the Delta Kappa Epsilon 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 91 

Fraternity at their fiftieth anniversary. Dr. Butler became 
president of the College the same year. On Saturday, February 
29, 1896, the first public meeting was held in the interests of the 
public library. Forty volumes had already been given and 
placed in the office of Harvey D. Eaton, Esq. The library began 
its work with Mrs. M. B. Johnson as librarian on Saturday, 
August 22, 1896. She has continued in efficient service to the 
present time. The library has had abundant patronage and the 
gift by Hon. Andrew Carnegie of $20,000 for a building makes 
the centennial year a signal one in the history of the library. 

The new city hall appears first in a call for a meeting May 18, 
1896 "To see if the voters of the city will instruct the city council 
to build a city hall and opera house this season." 

Dr. F. C. Thayer was chairman of the meeting which was 
largely attended. The call seemed to be with reason. The old 
city hall, the east meetinghouse of 1796 with sundry remodel- 
lings, was no longer on a plane with the dignity or the demands 
of the city. The meeting voted in favor of a building to cost 
$75,000. Of course the citizens were not unanimous as to the 
wisdom or necessity of such a course. May 4, 1897, the city 
voted in favor of the special enabling act to incorporate the City 
Building Commission, 526 to 404. Plans were accepted, the old 
hall was moved back, contracts were signed and the foundation 
of the new hall was partly laid when at the instance of conserva- 
tive or as some said reactionary Waterville an injunction was 
issued and the work stopped. Certainly the completion of the 
hall would have carried the debt of the city beyond the constitu- 
tional limit. Nothing more was done for some time though the 
Board of Trade and especially its president, Mr. Frank Reding- 
ton, did not give up the enterprise. Early in 190 1 public meet- 
ings were held and it was ascertained that the sentiment of the 
citizens was in favor of the erection of the hall. Mayor Martin 
Blaisdell favored the enterprise. It was decided by the city 
council to erect the hall and to raise the amount necessary to pay 
for it by taxation, the amount to be distributed over a term of 
years. The building committee consisted of Mayor Blaisdell, 
Aldermen Gedeon Picher and E. C. Wardwell and Councilman 
H. R. Mitchell and E. E. Decker. Modified plans by the archi- 
tect, Geo. D. Adams, were adopted and the contract to erect and 



92 HISTORY- OF WATERVILLE. 

cover the building was let to Horace Purinton and Company. 
During 1901 $22,500 were raised by direct taxation and with the 
transfer of funds saved from other amounts $29,800 was paid on 
city hall. Contracts for the completion of the hall were let to 
Horace Purinton & Co. The building committee for 1902 con- 
sisted of Mayor Rlaisdell and Aldermen E. C. Wardwell and 
G. L. Learned with Councilmen Greaney, Wm. King and Leslie 
P. Loud. The total cost of the hall will be about $70,000. 
Mayor Blaisdell through the whole enterprise has given himself 
without reserve to the work. He has been careful in his con- 
tracts, constant in his oversight and has rendered an important 
and permanent service to the city. The builders have given a 
construction which is a credit both to themselves and to the city. 
Waterville at last has a city hall of which she may well be proud. 

Turning again to the year 1896 we note the sudden death, 
December 19, of F. A. Waldron, Esq., city solicitor, respected 
and beloved for his ability and high character. 

Rev. B. F. Shaw, D. D., died March i, 1897. He had been 
fTie eminently successful pastor of the Baptist church, a trustee 
of the College and was honored in his denomination for his 
ability and unselfish ministration. He was the father of Judge 
Frank K. Shaw of the municipal court. 

Two events of importance in the temperance history of the 
city and State marked the year 1897. March 21, a mass temper- 
ance meeting filled city hall and a petition containing 1,227 n«irnes 
was presented to Mayor Redington requesting him to enforce 
the law against the rum traffic in Waterville. March 29, the 
Christian Civic League of Maine was organized with Principal 
G. C. Purington of Farmington as president ; Rev. W. F. Berry 
of Waterville, secretary, and Horace Purinton of Waterville, 
treasurer. This work has been carried on with great vigor and 
with encouraging and increasing success. 

A mass meeting under the auspices of the Board of Trade was 
held in City Hall April i, 1897, at which the relations between 
the city and the College were discussed. President Butler spoke 
at length and several of the leading business men followed. The 
result was a closer sympathv between city and College than had 
existed before and a generous subscription in the city to the new 
chemical building. 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 93 

The fine Myrtle street schoolhouse thoroughly built by Con- 
tractor S. F. Brann, under the supervision of J. D. Hayden, was 
dedicated December 17, 1897. The building committee were 
Aldermen F. D. Lunt and Geo. K. Boutelle, Councilmen H. C. 
Prince and S. F. Merrill with S. S. Brown and A. L. Lane of the 
school board. 

That gallant soldier of the Civil War, Col. Francis E. Heath, 
died December 20, 1897. He was worthily honored not only as 
a soldier but as a public spirited citizen. He introduced the 
manufacture of wood pulp into Maine, building the first mill for 
that purpose at Benton Falls. 

October 19, 1898, Hon. Reuben Foster, first mayor of Water- 
ville, long a prominent lawyer, Speaker of the Maine House of 
Representatives and President of the Senate died at his home on 
Park street. 

Hon. Edmund F. Webb, the last of the older lawyers of 
Waterville, died suddenly at the Revere House, Boston, Decem- 
ber 7, 1898. He also had been mayor of Waterville, Speaker of 
the Maine House of Representatives, President of the Senate, 
trustee of Colby, Republican elector and delegate to national 
conventions. 

The year 1898 marks an epoch in the history of the United 
States and of the world through the new position in world poli- 
tics assumed by this government. The devastation of Cuba by 
Spain, the destruction of the U. S. Battleship Maine in Havana 
Harbor, and the failure of diplomacy to secure satisfaction from 
Spain led to the President's message of April 14, 1898, in which 
he said, "In the name of humanity, in the name of civilization, in 
behalf of endangered American interests which give us the right 
and the duty to speak and to act, the war in Cuba must stop."^ 

1. At Its annual meeting Marcli 2S, 1698, the W.iterville Boani of Trade, Frank 
Redington, President, bad passed tlie following resolutions; 

"We, the Waterville Board of Trade, fully recognizing and understanding the 
gravity of the conditions existing between this country and Spain, do hereby 
adopt the following resolutions : 

Resolved, That we heartily eomiuend the action of tbe President of the United 
States in his conservative yet manly and courageous action in the crisis pending 
with Spain. 

That we deprecate war and will do all in our power to preserve peace with 
honor, but we demand the vindication of the nation's honor even though war 
shoulil be the alternative. 



94 HtSTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Already the Board of Trade had passed resohitions pledging 
support of the President's poHcy for the maintaining the honor 
of the United States and the deHverance of Cuba. 

On May 2, 1898, Co. H, National Guard State of Maine, 
seventy-three men, Captain A. T. Shurtleff, left the city to join 
the regiment at Augusta. The city gave them an overwhelming 
demonstration of their confidence and patriotic approval. The 
streets on the line of march were profusely decorated. At the 
armory Mr. Frank Redington presented the company with a fine 
flag. Capt. Shurtleff responded. A patriotic address was given 
by Mr. J. H. McCone. The company was escorted to the station 
by the Waterville Military Band, Prof. R. B. Hall, leader. Sev- 
eral fraternal societies, the students of the college, the institute 
and the high school, and at the right of the line was W. S. Heath 
Post No. 14, G. A. R., the old soldiers guiding the march of the 
new. At the platform near the station, prayer was offered by 
Rev. William H. Spencer, D. D., himself a veteran of the Civil 
War, who knew what war meant, who in his own body for thirty- 
five years had felt what it meant. Eloquent addresses were 
given by President Nathaniel Butler of Colby and by General 
Isaac S. Bangs, whose heart was thrilled with the spirit of the 
old days of strife and victory. 

As the 2nd Regiment was not needed at the front, the com- 
panies returned home, May 14. Several of Co. H volunteered 
and were mustered into the 1st Regiment and the 1st Maine Bat- 
tery. Later several Waterville men saw service in the Philip- 
pines and the city fulfilled well her part offering vastly more of 
service than could be received in the Spanish-American War. 

The establishing of the Whittemore Furniture Co. in 1899, ^"tl 
of the Rivrrview Worsted Mill in 1900, were events of import- 
That we can see no way in view of the present state of affairs, knowing that 
the people are being starved to death not by ones and twos, but by thousands and 
hundreds of thousands by the action of Spain, except to declare the independence 
of Cul)a and recognize her ns a free people. 

That as the finding of the Naval Connnission declares external explosions as 
the cause of the destruction of the Maine, we demand all possible reparation from 
the parties who may be found responsible for loss of life and property. 

That we, the merchants, doctors, lawyers, clerks, business and professional 
men without distinction of party or class uphold the President in his course, and 
if war be the result we pledge ourselves to do all in our power in defense of the 
Stars and Stripes." 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 95 

ance in the business histon- of the town. Both of these plants 
have since been enlarged. 1901 saw the erection of the new 
City Hall, its corner stone was laid with Masonic ceremonies 
August 4 ; and the departure of President Butler to the University 
of Chicago. Dr. Butler had shown himself a public spirited and 
genial citizen as well as the head of the college. The Alumni 
Chemical Building with its splendid facilities and equipment 
was the result of his initiative and enthusiastic leadership. A 
banquet was given in his honor by the Board of Trade at the 
Elmwood and expression was given of the high esteem in which 
he was regarded in the city. 

The Maine Christian Endeavor Union held its convention in 
Waterville in September 1901, one of the largest and most suc- 
cessful in the history of the Union. 

The death of President McKinlcy was a great shock to the city. 
A public memorial service was held, September 19th in Monu- 
ment Park, in which many thousands of the citizens reverently 
joined. Hon. C. F. Johnson presided. Prayer was offered by 
Rev. A. G. Pettengill ; addresses were given by President 
Charles L. White, Rev. Edward L. Marsh, Rev. N. Charland, 
closing with prayer by Rev. Edwin C. Whittemore and bene- 
diction by Rev. Dr. Pepper who had shared in Waterville's mem- 
orial service in honor of President Lincoln, thirty-six years 
before. 

A little later the death of Rev. George D. Lindsay, who had been 
the efficient pastor of the Methodist church for five years and by 
whose labors the church had greatly prospered, called out an 
expression of universal regret and sympathy. 

On Sunday, December 15, the melting of a great body of snow 
by a heavy rain caused the rivers of Maine to rise to a higher 
point than at any other time since 1832. Bridges were carried 
away, the railroad tracks were undermined for miles, streets 
were channeled to the depth of many feet by the rushing waters. 
Homes were swept away and their occupants drowned. In 
Waterville, however, the principal damage was the carrving 
away of the iron foot-bridge extending from the foot of Temple 
street to the Winslow side near the Hollingsworth and Whitney 
mills. This had been built by the enterprise and at the cost of 
Hon. Wm. T. Haines and Harvey D. Eaton Esq., and although 



96 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

it had been opeiH-d for travel but a few days, liad proved itself 
a great convenience. 

1902 has seen the acceptance, on the part of the city, of the 
ofTer of that munificent and magnificent giver, Hon. Andrev/ 
Carnegie of New York, of $20,000 for the erection of a building 
for a free public library on condition that the city raise $2,000 
per year for its support. Mr. Elwood T. Wyman, superintend- 
ent of schools had been in correspondence with him as to the use 
which a library here would have. The committee had invited 
him to be present at the Centennial and in the letter announcing 
his gift was an expression of regret that he could not attend the 
Centennial. 

The Centennial. This is the event of 1902. It means much 
to the city to receive back again so many who have gone out from 
Waterville to successful and important work in the world. The 
city is coming by these events into a clearer consciousness of its 
power and of its possibilities. The century's history has been 
like that of our New England towns of the first rank, without 
much that is sensational, but that New England life has leavened 
the history of the Nation and has done its full share to secure 
our National progress and present greatness. 

The intellectual life of the community, with the college as its 
center, has been of a high order. Thoroughness rather than 
show has been the ruling principle and this has sent out a great 
number of men and women to work, not so much for self as for 
humanity and for God. Reverently do the thoughts of many 
turn to-day to the great teachers of the earlier day. Chaplin 
and Anderson and Keely and Loomis and Hamlin and Champlin 
and Hanson and Lyford and Foster and to others who still live 
to carrv on important work. Presidents Robbins and Pepper and 
Small and Whitman and Butler, each did their work and are 
worthy of their reward. The college and the town have still the 
advantage of the tried service of professors who have given more 
than a quarter of a century in far-reaching labors, while younger 
men with the best equipment of the time are at hand for the 
enlarging work. 

The history of the several churches has been such that their 
influence in the community has been of the highest order while 
their missionary consecration has borne fruit to the ends of the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 97 

earth. The religious Hfe of the community has been broad, 
rational, liberal, not highly emotional but thoroughly reliable and 
in no time of test or crisis has it been found wanting. It has 
employed its strength not in sectarian controversy but in the 
doing of the work of the Kingdom of God. The names of 
Cushman and S. F. Smith and Adams and Cobb and Park and 
Gardner and Sheldon and Shaw and Hawes and Pepper and 
Burrage and Ladd and Seward and Spencer themselves declare 
the quality of religious life which has characterized the town, 
and, among a large part of our population, while other names 
are highly honored, especial honor for his long and increas- 
ingly useful pastorate will be given to Father Narcisse Charland. 

The deacons and office-bearers in the churches have con- 
tributed in no small degree to the high esteem in which religion 
is held in this communit)'. The preaching of noble living from 
the pulpit has had powerful reinforcement from the pew. 

The medical profession in Waterville from the time of Dr. 
Obadiah Williams and Dr. Moses Appleton down to the time 
of Dr. Thayer has been an honor to the town. It has kept high 
ideals of professional honor and of the privilege of the profession 
to render a service to the community, priceless in its helpfulness 
and Christ-like in its charity. Some members of the profession 
have attained eminence and wide fame by their success. In the 
time of war our physicians were there on their errands of mercy, 
Crosby and Boutelle and West. In the business development 
of the town our doctors have had large place and the present 
membership of the profession is worthy of the honor and suc- 
cess which its leaders have won and to which its junior members 
will yet attain. 

The bar of W'aterville has enrolled many men of eminent 
ability. Few of them have made politics a profession and so 
they have not risen to high political preferment though we have 
furnished many leaders to the Maine House and Senate. The 
old lawyers have come to their graves full of years and of honors, 
and the young men of to-day have a professional and a political 
prospect which is unsurpassed. 

From the date of the establishment of the Masonic lodge in 
Waterville, Tune -zj, 1820, until now, with the exception of a few 



98 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

years of the Anti-Masonic movement, W'aterville Lodge has had 
honored place and influence in the life of the town. Many of its 
members have attained very high rank in Masonrj^ while one who 
holds a rank atrained by no other Mason in the United States, 
Hon. Josiah H. Drummond, is still a member of Waterville 
Lodge. In this and in the many orders which since have come 
in to take their place and work, again and again has the head 
of the Maine jurisdiction been found in a Waterville man. The 
orator of the day, Hon. Warren C. Philbrook, was last year 
Chancellor Commander of the Maine Knights of Pythias, and 
the present commander of the Department of Maine, G. A. R., 
is an old soldier of the 19th Maine, James L. Merrick. The 
list might be largely extended. The many orders for mutual, 
insurance, protection, relief and improvement are accomplishing 
a great deal of good in the community, while that devastating 
flood of all imaginable evil which the anti-secret society men are 
ever declaring, seems to have passed us by. 

The business history of Waterville is important in its attain- 
ment but more in its prophecy. Even in the eighteenth century 
John McKechnie, who built the first dam on the Messalonskee 
and Redington & Getchell, who built on the Kennebec, saw that 
this was to be a manufacturing center. The early traders under- 
stood that this was to be the trade center of central Maine. 
With the passing of the old order of things and the extension of 
the railroads, it seemed for a while that Waterville was left 
behind. Had it not been for the public spirit and the business 
genius of George Alfred Phillips and the executive ability of R. 
B. Dunn, W.'iterville would not have been what it is to-day. 
Other men of means and public spirit and administrative 
capacity were found who brought in the new era. 

As early as 1839 it had been pointed out that within a radius 
of five miles of Waterville were fifteen waterfalls, thus afTording 
power for a manufacturing city of the first rank. Our great 
manufacturies, our pay rolls of $1,700,000 per year are a definite 
and well-established and incontrovertible prophecy of the greater 
things which are to be. 

The past century has made Waterville a railroad center. The 
business of the Maine Central Railroad at the Waterville station 
has increased, since 1879, in ticket business, 400% and in freight 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 99 

business, 600%. The coming of the V^'iscasset, Waterville & 
Farmington road, for which VVaterville citizens have worked 
so long, will mean much to the business of the city. The exten- 
sion of electric roaiis will write a new page in the prosperity of 
Waterville. And for larger things — study the map and your 
eyes may discern the laden trains of the Canadian Pacific Trans- 
Continental system rolling through Waterville to the nearest 
ever-open harbor of the Atlantic. 

The conditions upon which our grandsires looked in 1802 
should give inspiration and courage to us who look into the 
second century of Waterville's life. They are to us also a chal- 
lenge. If under those conditions they wrought so well and 
accomplished so much, what shall be required of us? 

In order to this grander and larger future, certain things are 
essential. The intellectual, moral, religious and civic life of the 
community must be ever higher and nobler. The schools must 
be well supported and properly housed. The churches must 
carry forward their work of love which binds man to his 
brother man and both to God. 

The laws of the State and the Nation must be kept. We 
record with gratitude and pride to-day, that only one murder 
stains Waterville's record for a hundred years and that was com- 
mitted by one who hardly had been here long enough to be 
called a citizen of Waterville. For the true prosperity of the city 
there must be respect for law and enforcement of law. 

In material things much is yet desired. The old days when 
every man kept his own store and cried down his neighbor, are 
past. In order to large individual prosperity there must be gen- 
eral and corporate prosperity. The public spirit which unites 
the resource of all for the general good, alone can meet the needs 
of the new era. The Board of Trade has given example and 
suggestion in this regard. The prosperity of Waterville is not 
matter of accident or uncertainty. Let its citizens work together 
on rational lines and that prosperity is as certain as the laws of 
nature, which are the thoughts of God. 

Let the things essential to the more great and glorious future 

of Waterville be supplied. The railroads needed, will be built, 

men who know an opportunity will utilize the power of our 

rivers for manufactures. Let the higher things of the city's 

L.ofC. 



lOO HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

life be regarded. The new library must have a fitting site, and 
is there no land except this sacred spot? The high school which 
has so well proved its efficiency should have a building worthy 
of its work. Other schools have like needs. Colby and Coburn 
should receive large increase in endowment that they may be 
leaders in the new era. The Fire Department which has had 
such an honorable past and has such present efficiency should 
have a suitable central station. 

We are not discouraged by our needs, they are only proofs 
of the city's progress and growth by which they have been 
created. As to their supply : It seems strange that no prosper- 
ous son of the citv, who in broader fields has gained wealth, has 
ever given anything to supply some of these needs in his native 
town. Such gifts would be alike honorable to the giver and to 
the recipient. But if they come not, then let the city in good, 
sturdy, self-respecting fashion out of its own increasing revenue 
supply its needs, and build even higher the enduring structure 
of its prosperity and its fame. The City Hall yonder, in its 
beauty, its convenience and its strength which will make memor- 
able the administration of Mayor Blaisdell. shows what the city 
can do. The needs of progress are better than the competence of 
stagnation. 

This centennial celebration in which, led and marshalled by our 
efficient chairman. Dr. Frederick C. Thayer, we, as committees 
and citizens, have worked heartily together, should arouse a spirit 
which will make larger things possible. Let us go forward to 
that larger future. In it whatever may come, whatever danger 
befall our beloved country in this new century of her larger life, 
the men of Waterville will not be wanting. Her fair daughters 
still will adorn and make happy her homes, unless induced by 
men of the right sort to establish in larger but less favored cities, 
homes of the Waterville order. Our college still will send forth 
men and women who because they know, can teach, because of 
what they are, can lead, however rapidly the front line of the 
world's progress may advance. 

Yet we pause a moment in our progress, to-day, to salute the 
men and women of the past from whom we have received our 
goodly heritage. Only a few of their names could be recorded 
in this brief sketch but their work abides, their descendents ful- 



HISTORY OF WATBRVILt-E. lOI 

fil well their part in the city of to-day and will cherish and honor 
their memory. 

\\'e salute Winslow, our mother, still fair in her ever renewed 
youth and comfortable in her ever increasing prosperity. (Even 
though she lost her covered bridge.) Sometimes this Mother 
Winslow, has been a bit cross and severe to her beautiful and 
somewhat headstrong daughter, Waterville, but on the whole 
she has been a good mother and has secured her daughter's fond 
approval. 

We salute our own daughter, Oakland, regretful that family 
jars led to her setting up housekeeping for herself and rejoicing 
in all her new promise of prosperity. We are about building 
a new railroad in order to make it more convenient for mother 
and daughter to exchange calls and the light of Oakland shines 
in our streets by night. 

Yea, more, as I study the record of the past, and regard the 
signs of the future there comes before me a vision of a city 
restored to the limits of the old town of 1771. Winslow, Water- 
ville, Oakland, together again, bound by the modern hooks of 
steel, the steam and electric roads, and by interests in common. 
That city will be strong and efiticient in its great industries, rich 
in its commerce, grand in its educational institutions, happy in 
its homes, pure in its civil life and loyal to the brotherhood of 
man in the service of Almighty God. Of that city it matters 
little whether the name be Waterville or Winslow or Teconnet, 
it will be the fair city of our heart's love, of our faith and of our 
prayers. Meanwhile Waterville. citv beloved and fair, in the 
words of the old Hebrew benediction "the Lord bless thee and 
keep thee, the Lord make His face to shine upon thee and be 
gracious unto thee, the Lord lift up His countenance upon thee 
and give thee peace." 



CHAPTER IV. 



THE CENTENNIAL ORATION 

By Hon. Waknex Coffin Piiilbrook, A. "M., Lately Mayor 
of Waterville. 

The first hundred years of the existence of our municipahty 
is so nearly contemporaneous with the nineteenth calendar cen- 
tury that it may not be inappropriate, while we are celebrating 
our centennial, to glance over that most important period of the 
world's history and compare present with past conditions, for, 
though years glide by unheeded and centuries pass into eternity 
to be forgotten, yet men who filled those years with notable deeds 
of right or wrong, and events which illuminated the records of 
the centuries, or stained the pages of the book of Time, still hold 
their place in the halls of memory. 

The most correct estimates are those formed by comparison 
and in order to judge of the conditions of our own national exis- 
tence a hundred years ago we should scan the conditions, at that 
time, of our neighbors beyond the sea. And first it should be 
remembered that monarchies, more or less absolute, then held 
sway throughout Europe and while some rulers were apparently 
attempting to ameliorate the conditions of their subjects yet, for 
the most part, kings and emperors sought wealth and power 
only for their own aggrandizement. But, as threatening an 
eclipse of all European government, written across the heavens 
from Gibraltar to the land of the midnight sun, was the name of 
Napoleon, whose ambitions were forcing Europe into a general 
war. The respite from continental struggles granted by the 
treaty of Amiens was so brief as to be hardly called a respite. 
The alliance of Paul of Russia with the First Consul had been 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. IO3 

abandoned by Alexander I, who succeeded the murdered Paul, 
and Russia, still exhausted by forty years of ceaseless strife, 
found herself allied to England, the bitterest enemy of France, 
under mutual vows to drive Bonaparte from northern Germany 
and to make Holland and Switzerland independent. Sweden 
entered the Anglo-Russian alliance and Prussia, with eighty 
thousand men, fought on the side of the lion and the bear. 
Austria had already begun war against the Corsican, while in 
Spain, Ferdinand \'II, who had come to the throne on a wave 
of absolutism, who had publicly burned the constitution, who 
had declared the acts of the Cortes illegal and who had restored 
the inquisition, found himself and his country forced into a coali- 
tion with the man whose hand was against all Europe. 

The disastrous campaigns of Marengo and Hohenlinden soon 
compelled Francis, in behalf of Austria, and in the name of the 
German Empire, to sign the treaty of Luneville whereby Ger- 
m.any lost twenty-four thousand square miles of its best territory 
and three and a half millions of its people. Austerlitz was fol- 
lowed by Waterloo and the struggle of nation with nation for 
supremacy on the one hand and independence on the other 
absorbed the attention of a continent. Everywhere on that side 
of the Atlantic was heard the martial drum beat, the roar of 
cannon, and the moans of the dying, everywhere was the war 
cloud, everywhere was intrigue, plot and counterplot. 

From this hasty view of that land where monarchies and wars 
to support monarchies held sway, we turn to the western world 
in which the youngest nation of the earth had begun the experi- 
ment of a government "of the people, by the people and for the 
people." Across our heavens, in letters of glorious light, was 
written the name of that great patriot who had just closed his 
eyes on scenes of earth, our own illustrious, incomparable Wash- 
ington. Upon our soil no king, no potentate, no emperor had 
set foot. Our institutions were dedicated to the immortal prin- 
ciple "that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by 
their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these 
are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness." Than this no 
statement could have been framed more comprehensive, more 
significant, more prophetic, when viewed in the light of all that 
has happened during the century which has just closed. Have 



I04 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

we had wars? They were not for tlie accjuirenient of territory, 
the siibj ligation of a nation, or the glory of a king, but rather 
in defence of the lives of American citizens, for the liberty of 
American subjects and the down trodden of other races. Have 
art, science, invention and philanthropy borne fruit ? The golden 
harvest has not been gleaned by the favored few of rank and 
station but, in all its bounty, has been laid at the door of the rich 
and the poor, of the lofty and of the lowly, and herein has the 
pursuit of happiness been richly rewarded. 

It is not my intention to dwell upon the wars through which 
we have been called to pass during the century. Every one was 
a necessitv and unavoidable. But whether in our chastisement 
of the piratical Barbary states, our final war with the mother 
country, our occupation of the halls of the Montezumas. our 
domestic tragedy in the early si.xties. or the latest conquest of 
the Spaniard, in every instance the stars and stripes were 
unfurled in a righteous cause, were defended by gallant soldier^ 
and sailors and were never lowered until the cause was won. It 
is rather my purpose to emphasize the victories of peace, tne 
glorious achievements of invention, the splendid progress of art 
and science, and the holy conquests of philanthropy. In the 
development of this purpose I shall not invoke the graces of 
trope and metaphor, nor seek the aid of eloquence, but rather let 
the story be a plain, unvarnished tale, only pausing from time to 
time to emphasize the thought that these things are all the fruit 
of the century in which our fair city has grown from a struggling 
hamlet to its present beautiful proportions, a time almost covered 
by the memory of some who honor me with their attention at 
this hour. 

First then let us consider those inventions which have anni- 
hilated time and space in the transportation of thought and arti- 
cles of commerce. One hundred years ago no swifter courier 
than the stage coach and the breeze driven ship brought tidings 
of life or death, communications as to the affairs of state, or the 
message of the merchant. The sail waited for the favoring wind 
and the slow moving wagon was at the mercy of the horse or the 
oy. when the storehouses of commerce were empty. To Ameri- 
can ingenuity we owe the first improvement in this condition 
when Robert Fulton began to navigate the Hudson river by 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. IO5 

steamboat in 1807, thereby preceding by five years like naviga- 
tion on the Clyde and by ten years that upon the Thames. If 
the nineteenth century had produced no other invention than the 
application of steam power to navigation it would still have easily 
held first place among the ages by reason of the material bene- 
fits which it has bestowed upon mankind. So familiar are we 
now with the steamboat from the tiny launch to the mammoth 
floating palaces costing fortunes, that it might seem to the 
younger generation a fable to say that when their grandfathers 
left the little hamlet of Waterville to fight the battles of 1812 
there were but eleven steam driven vessels in the world, one in 
England and ten in America. At that time Dr. Lardner, the 
great English scientist, was reported to have declared that steam 
navigation could never be made practicable, on account of the 
great expense of operation, and that no ship could ever cross the 
Atlantic ocean by steam power alone because it would not be 
possible to carry coal sufficient for the voyage. And yet, thanks 
to Yankee ingenuity which our British cousins always reluc- 
tantly admit, so rapid and so successful was the development of 
steam navigation that the same learned gentleman, in less than 
three decades after the trial trip of Fulton's little craft was made, 
used the following gracious language ; "Among the various ways 
in which the steam engine has ministered to the social progress 
of our race none is more important and interesting than the aid 
it has afforded to steam navigation. Before it lent its giant 
power to that art, locomotion over the deep was attended with a 
degree of danger and uncertainty which seemed so necessary and 
50 inevitable that, as a common proverb, it became the type and 
representative of everything else which was precarious and 
perilous." How great has been that social progress, and in 
what directions, every one may have some conception who will 
contemplate the amount of business now done daily by steam 
vessels, how safely and how swiftly it is done, and how its per- 
formance brings the markets of the world to our very doors. 
But we should not forget that steam navigation, grown from the 
little "Clermont" with a speed of less than five miles an hour 
to that great ocean greyhound which a short time ago crossed the 
broad Atlantic in a trifle over five days ; grown from the "Demo- 
logos" a steam proDelled batterv of two thousand four hundred 



I06 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

and seventy-five tons to the magnificent ships of the "California" 
class with a record of thirteen thousand six hundred eighty 
tons, is a gift of the century whose close we celebrate today. 

Made first by our English cousins, this same century has also 
seen the experiment with steam locomotion for railway purposes 
pass into the realms of established necessities and today we whirl 
across a continent in less time than one might go from here to 
New York when Waterville asked incorporation from the hands 
of the Legislature of Massachusetts. 

The transmission of thought by telegraph and telephone has 
new become so common as to excite no comment but it remained 
for Americans in the nineteenth century, to perfect telegraphy 
so as to make it practical, and to invent the telephone which was 
an absolutely unknown factor in the world's progress a little 
more than twenty-five years ago. None can tell what the future 
may have in store for those who have abandoned the wire for the 
transmission of messages and are teaching the whispering airs 
of heaven to tell the storv of Marconi, but we may well be proud 
of the fact that American enterprise and American capital have 
not been sought in vain with which to test the practical value of 
this latest gift of invention. 

Descending to what might be called a humbler line I borrow 
for a moment the words of a noted author who says : "The 
comforts of life have been immeasurably increased by the uni- 
versal adoption of things now termed common and indispensable, 
such as friction matches, gas lighting, electric light and appli- 
ances, or steel pens as well as modern methods of heating, plumb- 
ing and construction." But human life, as it now exists among 
civilized communities, owes still more, perhaps, to our new labor 
saving machines. Should we attempt to enumerate the inven- 
tions of the century in this class time would fail and patience be 
exhausted with the telling. Machines for the working of wood 
and iron, machines for the spinning and weaving of wool and 
cotton, machines for the manufacture of hats and machines for 
the manufacture of shoes, that most marvellous product of 
American brain, the sewing machine, which one enthusiastic 
writer declared was the greatest blessing, save alone the Christian 
religion, ever bestowed on civilized woman ; machines, in short, 
to do almost everything which was necessarily done by human 



IIISTOKV OF WATERVILLE. lOJ 

toil a hundred years ago, are the fruits of a century at whose 
close we stand. 

As a natural sequence to the application of steam to trans- 
portation by sea and land, the last hundred years has seen an 
enormous expansion of business in which our country has greatly 
shared. This is neither the time or the place to give extended 
statistics relating to the commerce of our country, either foreign 
or domestic, but a few figures may be used to indicate the enor- 
mous amount of our sales to foreign nations and their increase 
during the memory of this generation. In many other avenues 
of industry might the illustration be found but it now suffices 
the purpose to speak of some exported products. 

Exports 1S85 1900 

Machinery, agricultural implements, 

instruments and apparatus, $14,893,000 $74,681,000 

Other manufactured metals, 5,950,000 41,891,000 

Cr'ide iron and steel, (in tons) 13,000 747,095 

1897 1900 

Copper, $31,075,636 $55,772,166 

189S 1900 

Reiined petroleum, $51,242,933 $67,740,106 

Such figures as these, to the thoughtless mind, are as empty 
sounds, meaning nothing, but to the student of events, to the 
intelligent business man they speak volumes. They represent 
thousands upon thousands of men employed at honest, profitable 
labor, they represent hundreds upon hundreds of happy homes on 
which there is no mortgage and for the occupation of which no 
rent falls due, they represent cities and towns newly sprung into 
existence and the life of many municipalities which celebrate an 
anniversary, they mean education and refinement for the masses, 
luxuries for those who are possessed only of moderate means, 
enlarged fortunes for the wealthy and in short every material 
blessing to which man is heir. 

Great as the advance has been in the realm of invention and 
commerce, yet an equal forward movement has been made along 
the lines of science. Only the most passing allusion can be 
given to this advance, nor indeed is there great need of particu- 
larizing in the presence of an audience composed of those who 



I08 HISTORY OF WATF.RVILLE. 

are so well versed, as this one is, in the development of the times. 
Some reference is due however, to the great strides taken in the 
science and practice of medicine and surgery. Imagine, if you 
please, a patient in the full possession of his senses and with 
every nerve of feeling alert, bound firmly to an operating table, 
about to feel the knife and the saw, follow his agony through 
the necessary amputation of a limb or the opening of a cavity, 
watch the life blood follow the scalpel, listen to his cries of 
aiiguish, see him swoon with pain, and then say how great a 
blessing the nineteenth century conferred on humanity when an 
American doctor, either Morton, Jackson or Wells, in 1846, dis- 
covered that by the mere inhalation of pure sulphuric ether the 
most dreaded of surgical operations may be performed during 
the happy unconsciousness of the patient. For screaming and 
struggles and intense suffering under the surgeon's knife, etheri- 
zation substituted complete exemption from pain, associated in 
some with the quietude, mental and bodily, of deep sleep ; in 
others, with pleasing dreams, imaginary scenes and sweet music. 
And for this great boon the modest physician who first made it 
possible asked of the world no recompense, no reward. It was 
simply a gift to mankind, a trophy which science laid at the feet 
of the nineteenth century, a garland whose perfume filled the air 
with sweetness for the comfort of all men. In like manner, and 
with equal largess, have the members of that splendid profession 
given ungrudgingly the beneficial results arising from the dis- 
covery of the functions of the blood corpuscles, the germ theory 
of disease and the use of the Roentgen rays. Boldly let it be 
said that the century's achievements in invention, commerce and 
science outnumber like results of all previous centuries within 
historic time. 

But when all is said neither the achievements of invention, the 
growth of commerce, nor the progress of science is at all com- 
parable with these deeds of philanthropy which the sons of 
Columbia have made the crowning glory of the century. Their 
altruism has not been confined to the household of their own 
faith, nor even to the stranger within their gates, but has been 
extended to those beyond seas ; has blessed not only the Anglo- 
Saxon but has thrown its arm about the starving dwellers on the 
Emerald soil, the dusky sons of Africa and those who live upon 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLH;. IO9 

the islands of the tropics. In 1846 Ireland was afflicted with 
one of the most dreadful famines known to modern times. 
Destitution, pestilence and death were seen on every hand. No 
tongue could tell the sad stories of the time, no pen could chron- 
icle the awful record of the hour. Then it was that America 
won her first great victory of peace and challenged the admira- 
tion of the world. Scarce thirty years had passed since the 
smoking guns of our warships had humbled the proud flag of 
George III, and yet the same generation which manned those 
guns now sailed toward England in one of those same warships 
laden with food for the starving subjects of the British King. 
It was not an event of passing importance but was the forerunner 
of the policy of our country through the years which were to 
follow. Two decades passed by and we were able to show the 
world the proud record at home of a race of slaves made free 
from bondage, even at the cost of hundreds of thousands of 
human lives and thousands of millions of dollars. To be sure 
the question of the stability of the Union is said to have been the 
cause of the Civil War but that stability was threatened on the 
one hand by southern tyranny and on the other by northern phil- 
anthropy. In the end the latter came off victor and added 
another star to America's crown of glory. But it remained for 
these latest days to witness a spectacle never before beheld by the 
people of any age, race or clime. In the midst of unequalled 
material prosperity at home, at a time when peace and harmony 
cemented the hearts of all the American people as never before, 
at a time when strife was farthest from our minds, the breeze 
from off the ocean brought a cry for help. It came not from 
territory which we had peopled, in the veins of its dwellers ran 
no drop of our blood, their traditions were not ours, their man- 
ners and customs were not ours, their ancestors were not ours ; 
no obligation bound us to them, no claim had they upon us save 
alone the moral claim to protect the weak, to succor the afflicted 
and to raise up those who were bowed down by the burden of an 
unequal and an unjust foe. At the sound of that cry America 
arose in her majestic strength. Calmly, without passion and 
without fear she drew around her more closely the white robes 
of justice, on her fair brow she placed the blazing helmet of love, 
in her right hand she took the sword of freedom and, calling 



no HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

uj)on her sons in blue and her sons in gray, went forth upon such 
a mission as never had been known before since time began. 
Here was no offensive alliance for gain of lands or treasure, no 
defensive union for the protection of her own, but as a messenger 
of the God of nations she went forth to do His will. Recall the 
myths of earliest times, delve into the legends of prehistoric days, 
search the records since history began, and tell the world, with 
proudest boast, if you can find the equal of this philanthropic act 
of America with which she wrote the closing chapter of our 
century. 

]n the environment of this moment we maw well be proud and 
thankful for what the years have brought to us and to our fair 
city. Last night the moon shone fair and bright as 1 passed 
through yonder walk and paused a moment to contemplate the 
scene. The hour was late. The fragrant stillness, the lights 
and shadows, the graceful foliage of the majestic elms, the arch- 
ing blue of heaven and the perfect verdure of earth formed a 
picture not soon to be forgotten. From the east came faint 
sounds of the rushing river on whose banks the tired mill wheels 
waited a new day of busy, profitable toil for hundreds of our 
people : the southern sky, bending closely down upon this stately 
temple of learning told its vacant halls new secrets of the wisdom 
of the ages for the earnest student of the coming years ; toward 
the west I saw happy homes where untroubled sleep held the 
weary dreamers close to its restful bosom ; between me and the 
northern polar star I saw the church spire standing as a symbol 
of the moral and spiritual aspirations which characterize so many 
who have tried to follow the teachings of the gentle Nazarene, 
and in the midst of all stood that bronze sentinel whose eyelids 
never slumber. And I said, O city beautiful ! surrounded by all 
the benefits of the century, by the fruits of its invention and pros- 
perity, by the advantages of every branch of education, by the 
benison of pure, enlightened homes, by the benediction of the 
influence of religion, as long as bronze and stone may withstand 
the action of the elements, so long may every moral, social and 
material blessing be thine, so long may thy children at home and 
abroad love and cherish thee, until all are welcomed to that City 
■'■which hath foundations, whose builder and maker is God!" 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 



A HUNDRED YEARS. 

Mrs. Julian D. Taylor. 

Who will not love his country — the dear land where he was born? 

And we who love thee, in our pride today will love thee more — 

Thou who sitst between the seas, with a hand on either shore ; 

The sunset gold is in thy locks, thy face is toward the dawn. 

And in thy lap the orchards lie, the vineyards and the corn. 

Thy mountain heights stand guard for thee; their white crests greet 

the sun ; 
League on league ihy forests marshal their serried pines below ; 
A hundred rivers draw thy streams, rushing sea-ward, as they go 
With the tribute of thy harvests, and the triumphs thou hast won — 
Iron fruit of forge and furnace — who hath wrought as thou hast done? 

The roar of mighty cities, the din of steel-clad ways that meet. 

And clang and cross each other thou hearest, night and day, 

But thou art barkening to the children, in their school time and their 

play. 
And they grow to fight thy battles and fling beneath thy feet 
The accursed fraud and falsehood that would mar thy forehead sweet. 
Thy voice is heard in the Old World ; they listen there — and heed ; — 
"What child of yesterday is this, that bids us all beware? 
She waxes bold as beautiful; she has strength and gold to spare;" 
So they forge their guns and build their ships, and are thy friends indeed ; 
But England laughs across the sea — "Blood tells — we know the breed!" 

O well it is to dwell with thee. North or South, or East or West, 

But in all thy pleasant borders, from the mountains to the sea. 

The valley of the Kennebec is the place where I would be ; 

And here's a little city, dearer far than all the rest, — 

'Tis her Hundredth Birthday! — cheer her, now. — you who know her best! 

You who know how fair her homes are, beneath her summer shade. 
How many churches lift their spires — how trimly court and lawn 
With verdure charm the stranger's eye, — how cheerily, at dawn. 
Bell and whistle wake her echoes, — how Time's magic touch has laid 



112 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

A spell upon her College walls whose memory shall not fade. 

Look back on the old Teconnet ; your Waterville lies there, 

A cluster of rude dwellings in the clearing by the stream. 

Where the shining salmon leaps, and the prowling wildcat's scream 

At midnight scares the settler, in his troubled dream aware 

Of the dreaded Indian war-whoop, and the burning roof-tree's glare. 

Other days, and other lives, now ! But many a time since then, 

In peace and war the little town has borne her part right well ; 

She has her roll of heroes ; some who unrecorded fell. 

They have passed; but what they stood for, stands. This day we bless 

the men 
Who taught, and toiled, and fought for us, with sword and spade, and pen. 
They have passed — as we shall pass ! Another century will see 
The green turf growing over our own unheeded dust ; 
Well for thee, O little city, if some lives, generous, pure and just, 
Sow in thee today the seed whose bright harvest then shall be 
A city's crown of glory — a people worthy to be free ! 



CHAPTER V. 



EARLY SETTLERS AND THEIR WORK. 
By Aaron Appleton Plaisted, A. M. 

From 1771. the date of the incorporation of Winslow, and 
earlier, to 1802, the date of the incorporation of Waterville, the 
history of Winslow includes the history of Waterville. When 
Fort Halifax was built in 1754 there were no settlers. Under 
the protection of the Fort and induced by the liberal offers of 
the Kennebec Purchase Co., people began to come in, but slowly. 
It is supposed that ten years later, in 1764, there were about one 
hundred inhabitants. How many were on either side of the 
Kennebec is not known. At first the settlers would naturally 
keep within the shelter of the fort, but after the Peace of 1763, 
between England and France, there was less danger from hostile 
Indi.ins and the little settlement expanded its borders. 

The two portions of Winslow were known as the East Side 
and West Side, the latter hamlet frequently called Ticonic and, 
pity 'tis that the name has not been retained. There is a flavor 
about the Aboriginal name that is wanting in the hybrid French 
and English word W'aterville. 

The name of the Falls has been spelled in various ways : Gov. 
Shirley, 1754, says Taconett : Parson Smith, 1755. Teuconic ; Gen. 
Winslow, 1754, Ticonnett; Col. Montessor, 1760, Ticonic ; Judge 
Lithgow, 1763, Taconick — Teconnet however appears in the 
treaty of 1603. The name that was proposed for the town we 
happily escaped. In 1795 a petition was sent to the General 
Court by the inhabitants of the West Side praying for a division 
of the town and praying the new town might be called Williams- 
burgh, perhaps to honor the first signer. Dr. Obadiah Williams. 



114 IIISTOUV or WATERVILLE. 

The first wliite man known to have any connection with the 
West Side was Richard Hammond, who had a trading house 
here in 1660, but "as he was so imprudent as to rob the Indians 
of their furs" he was killed by them as were Clark and Lake 
who had a trading house in this vicinity seven years earlier. For 
a hundred years, until the building of Fort Halifax in 1754, his- 
tory is essentially a blank. Codman, in his account of Arnold's 
Expedition, estimates the total population above Georgetown, 
near the mouth of the river, at 500 in 1775. 

The U. S. Census gives the population of VVinslow in 1790 as 
779, of whom E. A. Paine says 479 were on the West Side. In 
1800 Winslow had 1,250, in 1810 Winslow had 658 and Water- 
ville 1,314. It is probable that Waterville began its existence 
v.'ith about 800 inhabitants and included, besides its present 
limits, the town of Oakland. In 1791 sixty-three persons on 
the West Side paid taxes. Ebenezer Bacon, Wm. Brooks and 
Deacon John Tozier were here as early as 1770. The first had 
a large farm on the river road on the hill, a little south of the 
Fairfield line, the latter owned Lot No. 106, according to Dr. 
McKechnie's plan, where the Elmwood now stands. He prob- 
ably built the first of the several houses erected on that site. 
These lots ran from the Kennebec river to the Messalonskee. 
The next. Lot 105, south of John Tozier, was held by Isaac 
Temple, north of Temple street. Next on the south, No. 104, 
by Dr. Obadiah Williams, and then 103, including the water 
power on Ticonic Falls and the Messalonskee was taken by the 
old surveyor himself. Dr. John McKechnie. 

The first settlers on the river road, beginning at the Sidney 
line, were Wellington Hamblen, James Crommett, Nathan Lowe, 
Isaac Stevens, Edward Blanchard, Dea. Thos. Parker, Edward 
Dillingham, Pelatiah Soule, Jonathan Soule. David Webb, 
Samuel Webb, Silas and Abijah Wing, William Colcord, Her- 
bert Moore, Asa Redington, Reuben Kidder and Asa Emerson. 
The splendid water power of Ticonic Falls and of the Messal- 
onskee was earlv appreciated and was largely the cause of the 
more rapid growth of the West than of the East Side. Dr. John 
McKechnie, who surveyed for the Plymouth Co., both sides of 
the Kennebec from Winslow to Hallowell, built a small saw 
mill at what we now call Crommett 's Mills: another soon after 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. He 

was built near the same place by David Pattee, this, before the 
greater power on the Kennebec was utilized, though Moses Dai- 
ton seems to have had a small mill of some kind just above this 
end of the bridge. 

In 1702 Asa Redington and Nehemiah Getchell came from 
\ assalboro. In connection with the heirs of Dr. McKechnie 
who paid half the expense, they built the first dam across the 
mer. essentially on the site of the present Lockwood dam In 

r^V ,!. ''""' ■"'"" '^'y '^"^ completed a double saw mill 
The building of the dam and the necessity for access to the 
river made that vicinity then and for many vears the center of 
business. T e building of the Lockwood m'ilis entirely changed 
Its topography. Front street then was continued 'from k 
present west end of the bridge to the Plains near the bank o 
he river, with room on the east side of the road for dwellings 

house to'theP^-T"" 'r" *^ "PP^"- L-'^--d boarding 

road tilt r" ^u^ *' '""' '' "°"- '' '' "°t -'y thf 

1 oad that has changed but shore and river as well 

on. ;'""^^^^,y^^'-^ ^So there were two small islands, the upper 
one. the Healey Island, nearly opposite the Healey house the 
lower one, Leeman Island. Now they are of much ' r^^^^^^^^^^ 
rr,; ;".'°" ^'''' ^^^ ^^P^--^^^^ ^™- ^he shore byTn r!: 

channd" Th°e T''" "'T ^'^" ^^^^ ' ^'^^' -^ ^"^te deep 
oh nnel. The shore, south of the Lockwood mills, where now 
..a thick growth of tall trees and tangled underbru h, a centZ 

not only for this town but for all the country above came by 
b^::: IZT"^"^ °^ "'r'^-' ^° ^^"--" -^ thence by Ln^ 
centr forYl " ^° '^^'^''^'"^ ""^''^^ ^^e distributing 

r?h M n "^^ r "' °' ^""''^ "^' ''' ''''' ^-ders became 
lont h r- ,""" ,""^ ''" '■'"^■"^^'- "^-^ ^--- crafts, the 

"e'ed b?7 "^^' '°"' ^'^'"" ^* '^^^ -^^ '"^- - f-^y boat 
sttered by a long oar. one tall mast with three or four square 
sails, drawing but little water, they made a not ungacefuJ nic 
ure as with all sails set and a good south wind, Zv p tlh d 
heir way past Fort Point to the landing to disgoro^fheir 

r;fL° ith r ^' 'r' -^ ™" -^ ^^^^^ o/!:z^\z 

and umbr The . .""f ""' '°^'^' "'* '^^*- ^'^-^l- 



IlC HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Asa Redington came in 1792. He has left this record of 
houses then existing. "When I first came to this place John 
Lane lived in a shell of a house on the site where Moor's store- 
house now (1832) stands, and Isaac Temple lived in another 
old thing on the site where my workshop now stands, both per- 
haps worth fifty dollars." The Lockwood covers the sites of 
both these. "There were also two small houses up street, one 
where or near where the Wood's house now stands, occupied by 
Ivory Low and the other one where Lemuel Dunbar now (1832) 
lives. No other building nearer than David Pattee's house and 
saw mill now occupied by Mr. Crommett. 

The first mentioned was probably built by Deacon John Tozier, 
the latter was known as the McKim house. In 1792, probably 
aided by the new dam, something like what we call a boom was 
started. In that year Dr. Williams built the oldest house now 
standing. The ne.xt year Mr. Redington built for himself a 
small house somewhat above the present Healey house. Mr. 
Temple moved from his "old thing" to a better one on Front 
street, near the city hall. The condition of things a few years 
Itter is shown by the following letter written by Reuben Kidder, 
the first lawyer on this side the river to Moses Appleton, a young 
physician seeking a place to settle. 

WiNSLow, Jan'y i, 1796. 
"Dear Sir: Rec'd yours of Nov. 23, 1795, Dec. 20, '95, in 
which you signify your intention of coming into our vicinity soon 
to establish yourself in the Profession of Physic. You request 
a little more particular information — "Whether it be a place of 
much trade?" Answer: Within 50 rods of my office there are 
six traders, mostly men of considerable business. Within the 
same distance 30 buildings, including every kind, have been 
erected (where not one stood before) within 3^ years. Several 
more are likely to be put up soon. Land sells for 2 Dolls, per 
square rod. 

"Is there an Apothecary shop?" — None within 20 miles in any 
direction and only one within 50 miles that I know of, which is 
at Hallowell. The stand must be good if any in the county is 
for an Apothecary. 

"Is the Country in that quarter rough, hilly, rocky or other- 
wise?" 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. IIJ- 

Tlie river roads, above and below, where most of your practice 
will be, are very good ; from here to Hallowell, i8 miles, there is 
as good a chaise road as from Concord to Boston, but as the 
country above is very new, the roads are, I suppose in the spring 
season, somewhat mirey. We live in quite a level country where 
stone is hard to be found. 

"What is the population of Winslow?" I should suppose that 
Winslow has more than i,ooo inhabitants. 

Nature has lavished her charms profusely on Winslow ; the 
situation is the most pleasant on the Kennebeck, but don't expect 
too much ; we are an infant country, everything yet appears in 
the rough. 

If you are inclined to settle with us, the sooner the better. I 
think the stand will not be unoccupied 3 months. Had you been 
here the three months past your practice within two miles would 
have been sufficient to support you 12 months, as we have been 
remarkably sickly. 

Dr. Williams is pleased with the idea of your coming and says 
he will do any thing for you. I shall build an office in 5 months, 
— I guess you may occupy one end." 

R. Kidder. 

This letter seems to have been convincing as the young doctor 
came the same year. 

What was once a thriving and profitable industry has long 
since disappeared and been almost forgotten. That Waterville 
was ever a ship building port will probably be news to many. 
Not only long boats, for home use, but schooners, brigs and even 
ships, were built, some as early as 1794. The abundance of ship 
timber close at hand made it possible to build cheaply and orders 
were received from Boston and elsewhere. The shipyard of 
John Clark was at the foot of Sherwin St., ne.xt above the yard 
of Nath'l Oilman, then that of Asa Redington and next north 
W. & D. Moor's built many steamboats. It was necessary to 
launch them, the sea-going vessels, on the spring or fall freshets ; 
they were then floated down river to Hallowell or Gardiner, 
where they received their rigging and outfit and took their place 
in the commerce of the country, but never to return to the port 
whence they started. 



Il8 HISTORY OF WATERVn.I.E. 

The following is probably a complete list with masters and 
owners. 

1794. Schooner Sally, 92 tons, master, Rillae ; owner, John 
Gelchell. 

iSoo. Ship Ticonic, 268 tons, master, Geo. Clarke: owner, 
John Clarke. 

1810. Ship Hornet, 214 tons, master Wm. Fletcher; owner, 
N. B. Dingley. 

i8i8. Brig Dingley, 106 tons, master, Thos. Jones; owner, 
Nath'l Dingley. 

1826. Brig Elizabeth, 182 tons, master, John Sylvester; 
owner, Johnson Williams. 

1805. Brig William Gray, 156 tons, master, Gideon Colcord ; 
owner, Geo. Crosby. 

1807. Schooner, Ticonic, 123 tons, master, Daniel Smith; 
owner, Nath'l Gilman. 

1807. Schooner Thomas, 70 tons, master, Levi Palmer; 
owner, F. P. Stilson. 

1810. Schooner James, 117 tons, master, Gideon Colcord; 
owner, Jas. Stackpole. 

1809. Brig America, 136 tons, master, Wm. Pattee ; owner, 
Peleg Tallman. 

1809. Brig Madison, 160 tons, master, Caleb Heath; owner, 
Wm. Sylvester. 

181 1. Brig Hiram, 142 tons, master, Jos. Lemont. 

1812. Sloop Aurora, 61 tons, master, Wm. Poole: owner, 
Asa Redington. 

1814. Francis & Sarah, 290 tons, master, T. S. Winslow; 
owner, Rob't G. Shaw. 

1824. Brig Gov. King, 138 tons, master. N. Harding; owner, 
Nath'l Gilman. 

1824. Schooner North Star, 107 tons, master, R. Crooker ; 
owner, N. Gilman. 

1825. Brig Waterville, 178 tons, master, N. Harding; owner, 
Johnson Williams. 

1826. Brig Lydia, 178 tons, master, J. W. Lamont ; owner, 
Johnson Williams. 

1826. Brig Neutrality, 132 tons, master, R. Crooker: owner, 
Johnson W illiams. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. II9 

1827. Schooner Brilliant, 82 tons, master, R. Brown ; owner, 
K. G. Robinson. 

1829. Schooner Martha, 89 tons, master, R. Ellis ; owner, 
Russell Ellis. 

1S35. Brig Wave, 47 tons, master, John Lewis ; owner, J. M. 
Moor. 

After the passing of ship building came the era of steamboats. 
William and Daniel Moor under the firm name of W. & D. Moor 
were the leading captains of industry in this line. The first was 
the Ticonic, built at Gardiner. She made the first trip to Water- 
ville, June i, 1832, and was received with great demonstrations 
of rejoicing. 

The Water Witch built by W. & D. Moor in 1842 was the first 
steamer launched in Waterville. It was quickly followed by 
others and soon a considerable fleet was plying between here and 
Augusta and Gardiner. In one season five steamers left the 
wharf daily. They were flat bottomed, of light draft, with stem 
wheels, and were of about 42 tons burden. 

They prospered until the opening of the railroad to Augusta 
when the doctrine of the "survival of the fittest" relegated them 
to other scenes. 

In 1890 an attempt was made by some of our enterprising 
citizens to restore steam navigation on the Kennebec. July loth 
the steamer City of Waterville sailed from Bangor for this port. 
She has not yet arrived. 

Near its close the era of steamboats was marked by a terrible 
accident. May 23, 1848, the steamer Halifax, a new boat and 
the finest of the fleet, was making her record trip to Augusta ; 
on leaving the lock the boiler exploded and six persons were killed 
and others severely wounded. Of the dead James Hasty, the 
pilot, and Vedo Micue, fireman, resided here. 

In 1802 the only streets were Main, Silver, Mill, Temple and 
a part of what is now Front street. Main street, where Temple 
crosses it was little better than a bog with a corduroy bridge over 
it. From there to Appleton street there was quite a rise ; the 
level road of to-dav has been made so by filling twelve or more 
feet. 

Hn the Plains the only houses were those of Mr. Leeman and 
Daniel Moor, both near the upper end. The latter is still in 



120 HISTORY OF WATEKVII.KE. 

existence. Of French Canadians, there was then not a single 
family. Among the first to establish himself here was Peter 
DeRocher, who built a cabin at the lower end of the Plains, below 
Grove street in the early thirties. His son Peter carried on the 
meat business for some years. 

It is to be regretted that both space and scarcity of material 
allow mention of but few of the hardy pioneers who laid the 
foundation of our good city. There were others as well deserv- 
ing notice as those of whom imperfect sketches here follow. 

JOHN McKECHNIE. 

No one of the early settlers was more active and useful and 
entitled to respectful memory than Dr. John McKechnie. He 
was a Scotchman, educated as a physician and civil engineer. 
He came to this country in 1755 ' and was soon employed by the 
Plymouth Company as a surveyor. His surveys extended from 
Winslow to Augusta and the titles to property between those 
cities rest largely on what is known as the McKechnie plan. 

He married Mary North of Pemaquid, January i, 1760. He 
was lieutenant at Fort St. George under Capt. John North. In 
1764 he was at Bowdoinham, in 1771 he moved to Winslow and 
in 1775 to this side the river. He built a log cabin on the east 
side of the Messalonskee near the Crommctt bridge and also a 
saw mill on the same stream. He practiced his profession and 
had charge of some of the sick soldiers of Arnold's expedition, 
1775. In 1774 and the three succeeding years he was one of 
the selectmen of Winslow. He had thirteen children, one of 
whom, Alexander, is the father of Erastus W. McKechnie who 
lives on a farm on the road to Oakland, which has been in the 
possession of the family since 1801. 

1. In the poasesslon of Mrs. W. Parker Stewart is an ancient account or pocket 
book bound in leattier. On the first page is written in a very clear hanrl. 

"John McKeclinle bought this Pocket Book ITiW." The first entry is as follows: 

"Scotlanfl, Greenock, .July 26th, I'SH. This clay about 4 o'clock afternoon we set 
sail In tlie Crawford Bridge, Captain Cury, coinninnder, bound for Boston, New 
England, there being 17 pasengera. And landed all in perfect health Sept. ISth 
thereafter :it 7 o'clock at night at the Long Wharf, Boston." 

The book records Dr. McKechnie's marriage .Jan. 1. 1760 to Mary North, daughter 
of Col. North of Fort St. George and the birth and baptism of their thirteen 
children. liis account of surveys for the Kennebec Company begins May 16, 1760. 
Dr. McKechnie cared for a considerable number of soliliers of the Arnold expedi- 
tion and bis hospital record gives their names, ailments and the treatment em- 
ployed by him. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 121 

A daughter, Rebecca, married Simeon Tozier, whose daughter 
married Sumner A. Wheeler, whose son, Sumner Wheeler, is 
now a resident of this city. A son of Simeon Tozier, also named 
Simeon, married Miss Pullen. Their son, Horace Tozier, a 
young man of eighty-two years, until within a few years an 
active member of the fire department, also lives here. Mrs. 
Caroline Tilton, daughter of Sumner A. Wheeler, is another of 
Dr. McKechnie's descendants. Mary, a daughter of Dr. Mc- 
Kechnie, married James Stackpole, 2nd, long prominent in the 
life of Waterville. Alexander, a son, married Betsy Roberts and 
one of their daughters, Mrs. Solomon Kimball, was the grand- 
mother of Mrs. W. Parker Stewart, (Miss Daisy Marston). A 
daughter of Alexander McKechnie married Mr. Henry A. 
Shorey. 

Dr. McKechnie died in 1782 and Vv^as buried on the south side 
of what is now called Western avenue, on the rising ground a 
little east of the bridge over the Messalonskee. This was the 
earliest burial ground and forty or more of the "forefathers of 
the hamlet" were there laid to rest. 

REUBEN KIDDER. 

Reuben Kidder, the first of the long line of Waterville lawyers, 
was born in New Ipswich, N. H., April 3, 1768. He was grad- 
uated at Dartmouth College, 1791, qualified himself for the pro- 
fession of the law and established himself at Winslow in the 
spring of 179.5, not only the first lawyer here, but the first who 
had ventured so far north any where in the wilderness of Maine. 
He arrived four days before Thomas Rice, who, disappointed in 
having beer anticipated, went to the east side of the river where 
he passed a long and useful life. Mr. Kidder married Lois 
Crosby of Winslow. His two sons. Cornelius and Jerome, went 
to Boston and became wealthy but he left no descendants resident 
here. His office was on Silver street where a livery stable now 
stands. He was one of the selectmen of Winslow, 1798. 

Mr. Kidder was a man of abilities and had considerable busi- 
ness at the bar. He engaged in various speculations, one of 
which was the establishment of a smelting furnace and a foundry 
at Clinton, near which was a bed of iron ore. The writer has 



122 HISTORY OK WATERVILLE. 

seen a large iron crowbar which was made there. Tlie venture 
was not successful and the capital invested was lost. In 1816, 
Mr. Kidder was attacked by the "western fever" and emigrated 
to New Harmony, Indiana. The move was an unfortunate one 
and he died the following year, 181 7. 

ASA REDINGTON. 

Asa Redington was born in Boxford, Mass., December 22, 
1761. His father, owner and master of a trading schooner, was 
dro'.vned in the wreck of his vessel when Asa was eight years 
old. From that time till he was seventeen he worked on different 
farms in the neighborhood, working hard and getting but little 
schooling. In 1778 he enlisted in a New Hampshire regiment 
and served till the close of the war, undergoing the terrible suffer- 
ings of the dreadful winter at Valley Forge, and witnessing the 
close of the long struggle at Yorktown. 

In 1784 he drifted to the Kennebec and, with his brother 
Thomas, stopped in Vassalboro. One winter he taught school 
at eight dollars a month, and quite successfully, which as he 
quaintly remarks, "indicates the low state of learning in this 
region at that time." He traded somewhat, going on foot at 
cnf time to Portsmouth, N. H., to buy goods. 

September 2. 1787, he married Mary, the oldest daughter of 
Capt. Nehemiah Getchell, with whom he boarded. He remained 
in \'assalboro till 1792, "lumbering some, farming some and 
doing considerable land surveying." In that year both he and 
Capt. Getchell came to Winslow, west side, and built the first 
dam across the Kennebec at the Falls, nearly on the site of the 
present Lockwood dam. Redington and Getchell paying one- 
half the cost, the heirs of Dr. McKechnie the other half. The 
next year he built a small house a little north of the house now 
occupied by the Misses Healey ; a few years later, the exact date 
not known, he built a much larger one, the site of which is now 
covered by the Lockwood mills. It was then and for many years 
ihe largest in town. It now exists as the middle one of the three 
mill boarding houses. 

In 1793 in connection with Nehemiah Getchell, he built a large 
double saw mill, the first on the new dam. He dissolved part- 



HISTORY OT WATERVirxE. I23 

iiership with Getchell in 1799, but continued lumbering on a 
large scale fcr those days, till 1830, building several more saw 
mills. 

In 1831, with his sons, Samuel and William, he bought the 
Dalton privilege at the end of the bridge, where the electric power 
station now is, and built a four stone grist mill. He was select- 
man 1819 and the five succeeding years, and issued the warrant 
for the first town meeting in 1802. He took an active interest 
in all town affairs and in town meetings spoke, especially on 
questions of appropriations, with an earnestness and natural 
eloquence that made him a match for his superiors in education. 

He died March 31, 1845, aged eighty-three years. He had 
nine children, Asa, Samuel, Silas, William, Harriet, Mary, 
Gtorge, Isaac and Emily. Of these the following were residents 
of Waterville : Samuel, father of Chas. H. Redington of Sher- 
win street ; Silas, father of Harriet A. Redington, Sherwin 
street ; William, father of Sophia A. Redington of Silver street ; 
Harriet died unmarried: Mary married Elah Esty, a grandson, 
Elah E. Kimball is living on Silver street ; George died unmar- 
ried, Emily married Solyman Heath, their children now living 
arc, Mrs. Helen R. Buck and Mrs. A. A. Plaisted. 

'^ DR. OB.\DIAH WILLIAMS. 

Obadiah Williams was born in 1752, probably in New Hamp- 
shire. He served in the War of the Revolution in the regiment 
of Gen. Stark as surgeon. At the close of the war he came with 
his family to Winslow and established himself as a physician on 
this side of the river, the first in what is now Waterville. He 
settled on Lot 104 of the McKechnie plan, next north of the falls 
and e.xtending back to the Messalonskee. In 1792 he built the 
first frame house that is still in existence, the so-called "Parker 
house" on the west side of Water street, just above the bridge. 
He also built, before 1795, on the north side of Silver street, the 
first two story house in Waterville. It was occupied as a tavern 
by Fred Jackins and Col. Jabez Mathews. Nathl. Gilman at one 
time occupied it and several of his children were born there. It 
was taken down in 1883 and the massive hewn timbers, some of 
them oak, excited the admiration of the spectators. 



124 HISTORY OF WATEIU'ILLE. 

Dr. Williams was a generous, public spirited citizen and we, 
today, owe him a debt of gratitude which should not be forgot- 
ten. The Common in front of the City Hall, the completion of 
which we are celebrating in these Centennial Days, was deeded 
to the town of Winslow in 1796. It was given expressly for the 
erection of a church and school house. The church was built 
the same year and, very much transformed, still exists as the 
old Town Hall. The school house too was built on the east 
side of the Common and the little yellow building still survives 
in the memory of our older citizens. It outlived its usefulness 
and one night it went up in flames. 

Most of the pioneers of the new country, despite the toilsome 
lives they led, were long-lived, but Dr. Williams died in 1799 at 
the age of 47, but his memory should be kept green as long as 
grass grows on the Common. 

Two of his sons, Johnson and Clifford, were for many years 
in business here. Clifford was a prominent member and a Dea- 
con of the Baptist church. His only descendents of the Williams 
name now living here are Frank Williams, a farmer, Temmia 
and Annie S. Williams and Elizabeth (Williams) Graves, grand- 
children of Dea. Clifford. 

He was buried in the old burial ground on the south side of 
Western avenue, and in 1810 his remains were removed to the 
cemetery, now Monument Park. 

ABIJAH SMITH. 

Abijah Smith came from Alna, Maine to Winslow, 1794, 
then twenty-one years of age. He was one of the selectmen of 
Waterville in 1803-4-5 ^'i<^l was elected town clerk in 1802 at the 
first election held after the separation. He held the office for 
twenty-nine years, a good indication of the esteem in which he 
was held by his fellow citizens. He was appointed postmaster 
by President Jackson in 1832, which office he held till 1841 when 
the political overturn and the election of Gen. Harrison retired 
him to private life. The little postoffice on the west edge of the 
Common is still remembered by the oldest of us. 

He married Clymena Williams, daughter of Dr. Obadiah Wil- 
liams, April 28, 1790. His children were, Franklin Smith, for 
many years a respected and valued citizen, prominent in politics 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 1 25 

and engaged in extensive lumbering operations, Harrison A., 
for some time a lawyer here, Edwin L. and daughters, Clymena, 
Susan and Orinda. The descendants of Abijah now resident 
here are Mrs. Helen S. daughter of Franklin Smith, wife of 
P.dw. G. Header, Wallace and Alice, children of Harrison A. 
Smith. In 1800 he was living in the house of Dr. Williams, the 
so-called Parker house, afterward, and for the greater part of his 
life, in the large house on Front street, opposite Common street. 
He died September, 1841, aged sixty-seven years. Mr. Smith 
was actively interested in whatever concerned the intellectual 
and social life of the town. His part in the Waterville Social 
Library and the Ticonick Debating Society was that of a leader. 

MOSES APPLETON. 

Moses Appleton was born in New Ipswich, N. H., March i", 
1773. He graduated at Dartmouth college, 1791, then taught 
school in Medford, Mass. and Boston, studied medicine and 
received his diploma from the Massachusetts Medical Society in 
1796. In the same year he established himself in Winslow, 
induced by a letter from his friend, Reuben Kidder, elsewhere 
referred to. He lived in, and probably built, the house on Silver 
street lately occupied by Sumner A. Wheeler. His office and 
store were directly opposite, being the first apothecary shop in 
the town. In 1814 this building was moved up across the Gil- 
man bog to the comer of Main and Appleton street, the site of 
the house of W. T. Haines. Dr. Appleton lived in it. enlarged 
and renovated, till 1847 when he built on the corner of Front and 
Appleton streets. The old house was then sold to Edwin Noyes 
and moved to the north side of Appleton street. Its next move 
was across the street where it is now the residence of A. A. 
Plaisted. 

Dr. Obadiah Williams was the only physician here and he was 
pleased to retire and leave the care and toil to a younger man. 
The life of the country doctor, in those days, was not a pleasant 
one. Visits to patients twelve and fifteen miles distant were 
common. Carriages were unknown, roads were bad, but with 
saddle-bags filled with drugs thrown over his horse's back, the 
country practicioner rode many miles every week on his errand 



T26 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

of healing. Dr. Appleton's account book shows charges against 
ninety-six different persons the first year, the first being against 
Dr. Williams for pulling a tooth. Not infrequently contracts by 
the year were made with patients. Jonathan Clark agrees to fur- 
nish the doctor's family for a year with boots and shoes in return 
for medical treatment for the same time. Jabez Mathews agrees 
to give two and a half cords wood for such medicine as he should 
need for a year. 

Dr. Appleton was interested in establishing the old Waterville 
Bank (1814) and was a director many years. 

In the absence of a regular minister he was frequently called 
upon to read a sermon in the little yellow school house on the 
Common. 

December 6, 1801, he married Ann Clarke, daughter of Capt. 
John Clarke. Their children were, Louisa, who married Samuel 
Wells, for a few years a lawyer in this town, afterwards judge 
and Governor. Samuel, a well-known and much esteemed citizen, 
who died September 30. 1890, aged 87, Mary Jane, who married 
Dr. Samuel Plaisted and Moses L., a lawyer of Bangor. 

A skilful physician, kind and courteous in manner, he was 
always welcome by his patients as a friend as well as a physician. 
He died May 5, 1849. 

•' NATHANIEL OILMAN. 

Nathl. Gilman was bom in Exeter, N. H., February 15, 1779. 
A natural born trader, self reliant and intelligent, before he was 
of age he freighted a vessel with goods and made a trading 
voyage up the Kennebec. In 1S02 he settled in Waterville and 
began business in a small way where the Dunn block now stands. 
His business increased but, more ambitious than the other traders, 
Mr. Gilman was not satisfied with the local traffic, which, on 
account of the scarcity of money, was mostly barter, the 
exchange of dry goods and West India groceries, for farm pro- 
duce, lumber and fish, salmon being current at 4 to 6 cents per 
pound. 

He extended his business to the West Indies and even to the 
coast of Africa, thus laying the foundations of the fortune which 
made him a millionaire at the time of his death. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 127 

He never sought or received public office. Though not an edu- 
cated man he was a trustee of Waterville College from its begin- 
ning in 1821 to his death in 1859. Seldom, indeed, was there a 
Commencement when his tall form, slightly bowed toward the last 
years, with his long, white hair hanging over his shoulders, did 
not appear in the procession. 

He was the first president of the first bank established in 
Waterville. 

Twice married, he had sixteen children, but the only descendant 
now resident in Waterville is Charles, a child of Charles B. Gil- 
man, son of Mr. Oilman's second wife, Joanna Boyd. William, 
one of his sons, was in business with Samuel Appleton in a store 
a little north of the Common. Elizabeth, one of the daughters, 
mairied Isaac Redington. They lived on the corner of Spring 
and Elm streets. Charlotte, another daughter, married Sumner 
Percival, cashier of the Ticonic and afterwards of the Peoples' 
Bank. Chas. B. Gilm.an lived and died here, engaged in no busi- 
ness except looking after his property. 

The last years of INIr. Oilman's life were spent in New York, 
though he usually passed the summers in his house on Silver 
street. He died in 1859. 

V^ JAMES STACKPOLE. 

For three generations the name of James Stackpole has been 
a prominent and honored one in the annals of Waterville. The 
first James was born in Biddeford, Maine, 1732. His immigrant 
ancestor was James Stackpole of Sligo, Ireland, who came over 
in 1680. He came to Winslow about 1780 and at first settled 
on the east side coming to this side probably, about 1790. 

He was one of the selectmen of Winslow from 1785 to 1794. 
In 1787 he was one of the commissioners to settle the line between 
Winslow and Vassalboro. In 1796 he was town clerk and town 
treasurer in 1798. 

Like most of the pioneers he was engaged in various occupa- 
tions. He carried on a farm on which he raised flax among 
other things, which was spun and woven into linen under his own 
roof. 

He built the second saw mill on the Redington and Oetchell 
dam and others afterwards. He kept store from 1783 to 1787, 



128 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

built several vessels and was interested in various other indus- 
tries. He was captain of the first militia company. His com- 
mission, signed by Gov. John Hancock with the bold signature 
familiar to us from the Declaration of Independence, is in the 
possession of his granddaughter, Julia A. Stackpole. 

I:i his diary he records the arrival of the first menagerie that 
visited Waterville. "July i, 1816. This day is at the village 
an elephant, a lion and a man without feet or legs and only one 
arm, playing on violin." The exhibition was in a bam behind 
Plaisted's Block. 

He married Abiel Hill, 1754, by whom he had thirteen chil- 
dren, of w-hom four settled in Waterville. ]\Iary. who married 
Charles Dingley, two of whose grandchildren, Mrs. Eunice Corn- 
forth and George Dingley are living here. Jotham, whose 
daughters, Julia A. Stackpole and Mrs. Elizabeth Soule, reside 
here. James, bom in Eiddeford, May 28, 1769. married Mary, 
daughter of Dr. John McKechnie. No descendant of his is now 
living. Susie (Nudd) Stewart, a granddaughter of Jotham, 
resides here. The first James was a man of stalwart constitution. 
November 2^, 1812, he writes "I am this day eighty years old and 
carried a bushel of corn and grain on my back to the mill." He 
lived in a small house on Silver street, where, in 1813, he, with his 
sou James, built the larger house which is still standing though 
moved a little from its original site. 

He died September 8, 1824, aged 92 years. 

The second James was an enterprising and successful trader, 
lumberman and builder of vessels. His store stood a little below 
the west end of the bridge, its site being now covered by the 
Lockwood IMills. He was one of the selectmen of 1822-1823. 

He had a good reputation as a land surveyor and was appointed 
in 1810 by Gov. Gore as a commissioner to lay out a road from 
Augusta to Canada. He surveyed part of it but the road was not 
built, though later a State road was made from the Forks to the 
Canada line. 

He died September i, 1852, aged S3 years. 

The third James, son of James Jr., was born in U'aterville, 
November 19, 1798. He entered Bowdoin college, 1816, going 
thither then and on several subsequent retums by canoe to Hal- 
lowell. .He studied law. began practice in Clinton but soon 



HISTORY OF WATfeRVILLE. 1 29 

returned and continued for many years in active practice of his 
profession. 

He was a member of the State Legislature, 1859, was seven- 
teen years treasurer of Waterville college and director of the 
second Waterville bank. A man of strong will and decided 
opinions, he was never disturbed at finding himself in a minority. 
He was a constant attendant at town meetings where his vote 
and voice were always against what seemed to him municipal 
extravagance. 

He married, October 31, 1825, Hannah Chase of Fryeburg, 
and died, ]uh, 18, 1880. leaving no children. 

CAPT. JOHN CLARKE. 

John Clarke was born in England, November, 1741. He came 
to Boston, 1772, and there is a tradition that he was one of the 
historic Boston Tea Party in 1773. With his son George he 
came to Waterville, 1797, engaged in trade and built several ves- 
sels, one of them, the ship Ticonic, 268 tons, being the 2nd largest 
launched from the Waterville shipyards. 

He married in Vienna, Austria, Maria Theresa Laske, by 
whom he had fifteen children. One of his daughters, Ann 
Clarke, married Dr. Moses Appleton, who is mentioned else- 
where. About 1803 Mr. Clarke moved to Canterbury, Conn., 
where he died, August 21. 1834, aged 93. His son George 
remained in Waterville till his death, July 23, 1823. He built 
and occupied, about 1808, the house on College avenue, now 
known as Ladies' Hall. 

JEDIAH MORRILL. 

Jediah Morrill was born of sturdy Quaker stock in Berwick, 
Maine, 1778. though he did not retain his connection with that 
denomination. 

He came here in 1799 and his brother Josiah about the same 
time. Josiah settled on what is known as "the Neck" and several 
farms in that locality are still held by his descendants. 

Jediah, hke many of the early settlers, engaged in the three 
occupations of trading, lumbering and farming, all of which he 
carried on with success. 
9 



130 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

His Store was on the west side of Main street where the Barrell 
store now stands. His house was on the east side of Main street, 
corner of Common street. The house next adjoining was occu- 
pied by David Nourse, — both gone long since. About 1840 he 
built on Silver street where he lived till his death. 

He soon became one of the leading citizens, foremost in every 
good work. He was one of the founders of the Universalist 
church and its most liberal supporter, leaving at his death a large 
bequest for its continued sui^port. He was for many years a 
director of the Ticonic Bank, though he rarely, if ever held public 
office. 

He did much to originate and carry to completion the A. & K. 
R. R. of which he was a director. 

He m.irried Miss Taylor, a daughter of Col. Ezra Taylor, who 
in 1757 was an officer in the British army. 

His sister, Mrs. Peace Meader, was a member of his family. 
She was the mother of Edw. G. Meader and Mrs. Susan L. 
Hoag. She died 1888, aged 94. Mr. Morrill died December 12, 
1872, in the 96th year of his age. 

^ COL. JABEZ M.-VTHEWS. 

Jabez Mathews was born in Gray, Maine, in 1743. Before 
he finally settled here he had passed through the place. He was 
in Col. Ward's division of Arnold's army on its march up the 
river September, 1775. After reaching the Dead River region 
Col. Ward's command deserted Arnold and returned to Cam- 
bridge. 

Mr. Mathews remained at Gray till 1794 when, with his young 
son£, John and Simeon he came to Winslow. He kept tavern 
for a time in a house on the north side of Silver street, near 
Main. It was built by Dr. Williams about 1795 and was the 
first two-storied house on this side the river. 

He owned the lot now covered by the Alilliken block, bought 
of Dr. Williams. He lived in the small house on the east side 
of Silver street, next below the residence of W. B. Arnold. Col. 
Mathews died in Waterville, 1828. 

John Mathews, son of Jabez, was born in 1783. For some 
years he was a trader in West Waterville in partnership with 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. I3I 

Samuel Kimball, whose sister he married ; in 1808 he bought a 
large tract of land on the west side of the Messalonskee which 
he cultivated till he moved into the village. His children were: 

Charlotte, b. November 22, 1813, married John S. Carter. 

Caroline, b. February 16, 1817, married Moses Smart. 

Susan, b. February 21, 1819, married Johnson Williams. 

John, b. October 3, 1821. 

Chas. K., b. November 19, 1823, for many years a bookseller 
in this city, afterward with his son, Charles W.. in the insurance 
business. He died in August. 1902. 

George, b. July 6, 1825. 

Ann, b. November 13, 1827, married Calvin Davis. 

Simeon Mathews, son of Col. Jabez Mathews, was born June 
8, 1-85. 

In partnership with Nath'l Gilman he carried on an extensive 
business in the store on Main street next north of the Common. 
The kind and amount of their business transactions is shown by 
their purchase and shipping in one year 6,000 bushels of wheat 
and corn and 20,000 bushels of oats, all bought of the farmers in 
this vicinity. In 1826 he built and lived in till his death, the 
house on lower Silver street now owned by G. F. Terry. The 
long line of beautiful elm trees on the street shows his generous 
forethought for posterity. His children were : 

William, born July 28, 1818. The well known scholar, editor 
and author, now living in Boston. 

Edward E., born June 26, 1822. Murdered by Dr. V. P. 
Coolidge September 30, 1847. 

Ann E., born August 28, 1824 ; now living in Hartland. 

Simeon, born May, 1827 ; not living. 

Jesse R., born September 15, 1830; not living. 

Climena, born March i, 1833 ; not living. 

v/ 

DANIEL MOOR. 

Daniel Moor was born in Pembroke. N. H., February 17, 1770, 
and came to Winslow 1779. His father, Capt. Daniel Moor, was 
with Gen. Montgomery's column that marched to Canada by 
Lake Champlain to assist Arnold in his disastrous attack on 
Ouebec. 



132 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

His grandfather, James Moor, came from Tyrone County, 
north of Ireland, 1723. Most of his six sons took part in the 
VVar of the Revolution. 

Daniel Moor married Rebecca Spring, i/y". Their children 
were: Joseph iMarch Moor, born 1798: a business man of Ban- 
gor where he died, 1866. 

Agnes Moor, not married, Ijorn October 5. 1800: died June 
28, 1 88 1. 

Julia Ann Moor, not married, born March 11, 1802; died May 
9, 1875. She will be remembered as a writer of graceful verses 
which occasionally appeared in the local newspaper. 

William Moor, born March i, 1804; died November 24, 1872. 

Henry Moor, born February 17, 1807. Received a commis- 
sion as lieutenant in U. S. navy, resigned on account of ill health, 
went to California where he was killed by a steamboat explo- 
sion on the Sacramento river, March, 1853. 

Daniel Moor, bom July i, 1809. 

Wym.an B. S. Moor, born November 3. 181 1 ; died in Lynch- 
burg, Va., March 11, 1869. 

Rebecca E. Moor, born September 13, 1814 : died April i, 1902. 
She married Freeman Tilton and later Rev. Arthur Drinkwater. 
Ey her brilliant intellectual powers and high character she won 
many friends. She was deeply interested in the centennial which 
she did not live to see. 

The first house of the elder Daniel was opposite the steam- 
boat landing. About 1800 he built and occupied a large house 
which is still standing at the upper end of the Plains. 

His sons, William and Daniel, under the firm name of W^ & 
D. Moor, were for a long period prominent among the business 
men as traders, as boatmen and more especially as builders of 
sleamboats. In this industry they were easily first. Of the 
boats employed on the river between Waterville and Gardiner 
the larger part were owned and run by them. One of their boats 
was on the Merrimac and more than one on the rivers of Cali- 
fornia. After the dissolution of partnership William went west 
and lived in Minneapolis till his death. 

Daniel remained here and devoted much time to searching for 
coal and gold which he was confident existed in this vicinity. 
In 1877 he invented a machine for dredging gold from the bot- 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 133 

torn of rivers which was tried in Colorado, British Columbia and 
South America. Its success was not notable. The descendants 
of the first Daniel now residing here are : Frank A. Moor, son 
of Lieut. Henry Moor, now living on a farm on the west side 
of the Messalonskee, and Mrs. N. G. H. Pulsifer, a daughter of 
W'illiam Moor. 

</ NEHEMIAH GETCHELL. 

Nehemiah Getchell, the youngest of seven brothers, was born 
1744. He came to Vassalboro about 1770 where he carried on 
trading and farming. He, together with John Horn, were 
employed by Arnold in 1775 as scouts and preceded his army on 
his expedition against Quebec, going probably as far as the Dead 
River country. 

He was one of the selectmen of Vassalboro two years and 
town treasurer one year. In 1792 with his son-in-law, Asa 
Redington, he moved to Winslow, west side, and together they 
built the first dam and sawmill on Ticonic Falls. He continued 
with Redington till 1799, after that carrying on an extensive 
lumbering business, building mills, and manufacturing and ship- 
ping lumber. Even at that early date he as well as others oper- 
ated as far away as Dead River. 

He married January 23, 1768, Hannah Bragg of Vassalboro, 
by whom he had eight children. Of these who have any asso- 
ciation with Waterville are Mary, who married Asa Redington 
and died December 8, 1804; Nehemiah, Jr., who married Philo- 
mela A. Williams, widow of Dr. Obadiah Williams, May 22, 
1803. He lived in the house on Elm street known as the Dow 
house. Nehemiah, Jr., had nine children, of whom Mrs. Charles 
C. Dow, Horace Getchell and Eldridge L. Getchell lived and 
died in this town, all upright, useful and esteemed citizens. 

William, the fifth child of Nehemiah, was born November 12, 
1786: married Eliz. Burrell January 22, 1807; died February 14, 
1876. He lived on a farm on the bank of the Sebasticook, which 
included the beautiful groves and grounds known as Beulah. 

Like most of the men of those days he had a large family — 
seven sons and two daughters. Four of these sons were actively 
a.'^sociated with the business interests of Waterville. Otis and 
Charles were for many years engaged in boating, lumbering and 
other enterprises. 



/ 



^34 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

XV^^,\^^n 'T,\ ^^^'"'""^ '"^ ^^'"^*^^' ""^^^ '^' fi™ name of 
W. & W. Getchell, by their enterprise and bv the extent of their 
operations became well known from Bath to Moosehead lake 
VMll.am was born February ii, 1808. Married Marv F Crom- 
mctt January i, 1833. Died January 24, 1878 

Walter was born December 24/1809. Married Annie E 
Balcom December i, 1833. He married Antoinette Colby, 1847' 
Hejs wnh us to-day, active, strong and in good health in hi^ 
nmety-third year. 

Walter began life as a clerk with Oilman & Mathews. (Nath'l 
Gdman and Simeon Mathews) on the east side of Main street, 
a httle aboye the Common. When of age he began trading for 
himself nearly opposite Gilman & Mathews, and about 1832 with 
his brother Wdliam began business on the site now 11-13 Main 
street. Their trade was large, they built and used several saw- 
mills lumbered extensively, built a plaster mill and three stern 
v.neel boats. They accumulated a respectable fortune but ill 
luck came to them. In 1835 their store was burned. In 1840 
and again in 1859 all their mills were destroyed bv fire, and more 
than once great amounts of lumber were swept to sea by floods. 

rr .1 m i''" °^ ^^''"'"^ "°^' living here are Mrs. Ellen 
(C^tchell Read and Mrs. Caroline (Getchell) Carleton. 
Of Walter. Eva Getchell. 

TIMOTHY BOUTELLE. 
Although not among the earliest settlers. Timothy Boutelle 
filled a large place in the history of Waterville. He was bom in 
Leominster, Mass., Nov. 10, 1777. His father served as an 
otftcer ,n one or more campaigns in the War of the Revolution 

He graduated at Harvard College in 1800. studied law in 
Eos on, was admitted to the bar in 1804 and the same year came 
to Waterville. being the third lawyer in this vicinity and the 
second on this side the river. Reuben Kidder here and Thomas 
R.ce in Winslow being his predecessors. His business soon 
became very large. As an advocate he was eminently successful 
and he uniformly had the confidence of the court as a sound and 
ame lavyyer. He was a presidential elector in 1816 The first 
senator from Kennebec county after the separation of Maine 
from Massachusetts and five years subsequently, and five years 
a member of the Maine House of Representatives 




HOX. T\yu 



■IIY l:<)l"JEI.I^E. 



HISTORY OF WATERVIIXli. I35 

In 1814 he procured the charter for the Waterville (now 
Ticonic National) Bank, was its president more than twenty 
years and a director from its organization till his death. He was 
an active and valuable trustee of Waterville College from 1821 
to 1855. Always zealous for whatever might promote the pros- 
perity of the town he was largely instrumental in building the 
A. & K. R. R., of which he was the first president. His house, 
built early in the century was on the corner of Elm and Temple 
street. Some time in the fifties it was moved further down 
Temple street and converted into shops and on the old site a new 
one much larger and more elegant was erected and occupied by 
Edwin Noyes, who married his daughter Helen. 

In 181 1 Mr. Boutelle married Helen, a daughter of Judge 
Rogers of Exeter, N. H. The children who survived him were : 
Helen, who married Edwin Noyes, a lawyer, afterwards super- 
intendent of the Maine Central Railroad and N. R. Boutelle, a 
skillful and much esteemed physician of this city. November 
8, 1852, Dr. Boutelle married Mary, daughter of Prof. G. W. 
Keely. Their son, Geo. K. Boutelle, is a resident of Waterville. 
He is president of the Ticonic National Bank as were his father 
and grandfather before him. 

,, Timothy Boutelle died November 12. 1855, mourned and 
honored by all. 

Moses and Aaron Healey, brothers, came from Roxbury, 
Mass., about 1800. They carried on quite a large business as 
manufacturers of hats, one of those industries which, like ship 
building and the distilling of gin, has ceased to exist. Their 
shop was on the east side of Water street, nearly opposite the 
present Healey house. Later they had a shop on Main street 
below Boutelle block. Moses died in 1841 at the age of 63. His 
two daughters, Emily E. Healey and Pamela Healey are living 
in the house at the foot of Sherwin hill built by their father in 
1802. Aaron married a sister of Nathaniel Gilman. His grand- 
sons are wealthy leather merchants of New York. 

In 1 791 sixty-three persons paid taxes on this side the river, 
of these a few have been already mentioned. Some, the Parkers, 
Soules, Lows, Toziers, Shaws, and perhaps others, have repre- 
sentatives now living here. Others are names only, of whom we 
know nothing and still others of whom we get brief glimpses. 



136 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

Deacon John Tozier was here in 1770. He was a large land- 
holder and built the first of the several houses on the site of the 
Elmwood. He was a selectman of Winslow 1771 and four years 
following. 

James Crommett built sawmills on the Messalonskee in the 
locality known since as Crommett's Mills. 

James McKim, whose house was on the site of the present 
Lemuel Dunbar house. 

Lieut. Thomas and John AIcKcchnie were sons of the old 
surveyor, Dr. John McKechnie. John was a selectman of W'ins- 
lovir 1774 and three other years. 

Solomon Parker was selectman five years beginning 1777. 

John Cool was .q soldier of the Revolution. He lived on a 
large farm on the west side of the Messalonskee. 

Isaac Temple was a large land owner in the vicinity of the 
present Temple street. The river shore at the foot of Temple 
street was known as Temple's landing. 

William Phillips, grandfather of G. A. Phillips, than whom 
no one has contributed more to the growth and prosperity of 
Waterville. 

Moses Dalton was an active, useful citizen at a very early date, 
probably before 1790. He seems to have had some kind of a 
manufacturing establishment at this end of the bridge before the 
Redington & Getchell dam of 1792, perhaps a woolen mill. 
Afterward he built a grist mill and other works on the same site 
which were carried away by floods. Later he built the house 
still standing, opposite the bridge, known as the Nudd house. 
He also built the first brick building, a three-story store where 
the Merchants' Bank now stands. The ground proving too soft 
to sustain the weight the upper story had to be removed. The 
brick for it was made at the yard of Elnathan Sherwin at the foot 
of Sherwin street. He was a selectman nine years, beginning 
1807. 

Among those who settled here before 1800 was Isaac Stevens. 
His ancestors came to Wells, Maine, from Paisley, Scotland. 
He came to Winslow, west side, about 1793. He was a trader, 
carriage builder and carpenter. About 1795 he built and occu- 
pied the house on Silver street known as the Stevens house, its 
site at the time being covered with woods. He also built in 1836 
one of the brick stores of the so-called Ticonic row. 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 137 

There is a tradition that Mr. Stevens gave the name to Silver 
street, so naming it on account of the "solid men" residing there. 

Of his three sons two, Isaac and Augustus, made their homes 
here; Hermon was a lawyer in Thomaston. 

Isaac was a trader : he was killed by a railroad train at the 
Temple street crossing. 

Augustus was a machinist and carpenter. 

Isaac Stevens, the elaer, died September 23. 1S37. 

Col. Elnathan Sherwin was prominent in town affairs in the 
early days. He was a selectman of Winslow in 1797 and the 
four succeeding years and in 1802, after the separation, one of 
the first selectmen of Waterville. He was for many years repre- 
sentative in the legislature of Massachusetts. During the war 
of 181 2 he was colonel of the 2nd Maine Regiment. His house 
was on Sherwin hill. The house built and occupied by Silas 
Redington now stands on its site. He finally moved to Ohio, 
"the Ohio," as it was commonly called, then more distant than 
Oregon is to-day. His daughter Caroline married Asa Reding- 
ton, Jr. ; their grandson, Hon. Asa Redington Reed and only 
descendant, is now living in Waldoboro, Maine. 

Of others here before 1800 but scant mention can be made. 
YeTj early Asa Emerson built a sawmill on the stream for a 
long time called by his name. It was on the site of the Webber 
& Haviland foundry. 

One of the election notices in 1790 was posted by vote of the 
town on Emerson's mill. 

Jonathan Clark, a shoemaker, lived near the Main street rail- 
road crossing. 

Ephraim Getchell, a colonel of a militia regiment. 

David Nourse — his chief occupation was fishing. His house 
was next to Jediah Morrill's, corner Main and Common street. 
Henry, one of his sons, was in the hardware business with 
Stephen Stark. 

James Hasty, a trader. His store was on the west side of 
Main street where Wardwell's now stands. His house was on the 
corner of ]\Iain and Center streets : the house of Miss Florence 
Plaisted occupies its site. He died in 1846. 

Jonathan Haywood — the first harness maker in Waterville. 
His shop was on the north side of the Common, his house on 
Silver street next the Stevens house. 



138 HISTORY OF WATf:kV1LLE. 

His son, Charles Haywood, was a lieutenant in the U. S. navy 
and won distinction in the Mexican war. He died at sea. 
Charles, the son of Lieutenant Haywood, is general of the U. S. 
Ivlarine Corps, the highest in command, with headquarters in 
Washington. 

Salathiel Penney was a soldier of the War of the Revolution. 

Solomon Parker, David Webb and Asa Soule, residents of the 
west side were selectmen of Winslow for five, one and five years 
respectively, between 1777 and 1802. 

Frederick Jackins kept tavern in several places, among others 
in the present Hanscom house on College avenue. This house 
was built by Jackins probably before iSoo. 

With a single exception all those before mentioned were here 
before the division of the town in 1802. Those who came soon 
after seem entitled to be reckoned among the early settlers. 

Lemuel Dunbar was born in Bridgewater, Mass., 1781, came 
to Waterville about 1S08. A carpenter by trade, in 1810 he built 
on the corner of North and Main street. The house has been 
removed and another erected on the same site by his son Lemuel 
Dunbar. In his carpenter shop the well-known missionary, 
George Dana Boardman, taught school in 1820. That shop has 
been made into a house which is now occupied by Mr. A. M. 
Dunbar. He had nine children of whom Lemuel is the only one 
nov,' living. He died 1865. 

Dr. Wright seems to have been the next after Dr. Appleton 
to settle here as a physician. His house was on Main street ne.xt 
north of the store of James Hasty. He was here as early as 1807. 

Dr. Bigelow was here the same year. 

Dr. Daniel Cook, one of the most prominent men of his time 
both as a physician and a man of affairs, came about 1812. A 
fuller notice of him is given elsewhere. 

Dr. Hal! Chase was probably the next physician. He too is 
noticed elsewhere. He lived in, and presumably built the house 
on Silver street now occupied by W. B. Arnold. 

Capt. Asa Faunce came about 1800. He built and occu])ied a 
two story house at the foot of Main street which was enlarged 
and for a time known as the Continental House. Some years 
since it was moved into the vallev near the Lockwood Mills. 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 139 

Capt. Faunce was a skilful cabinet maker and specimens of his 
work are preserved at the house of his granddaughters, the 
Misses Bacon of Silver street. J. M. Crooker, for nearly fifty 
years a jeweler and watch maker on Main street, married a 
daughter of Capt. Faunce : another daughter, Mrs. Angeline 
Wheeler, widow of Isaac Wheeler, died in April, 1902, at the age 
of ninety-three years. 

Capt. William Pearson was born in Exeter, N. H., February 
17, 1784. and removed to Waterville, June, 1816, a year memor- 
able as the coldest summer on record. He arrived in a snow- 
storm which covered the ground to the depth of six inches. 

He built his first tannery on the site now occupied by the Lock- 
wood Mills. In excavating for the mills old vats were discov- 
ered containing sides of leather in perfect preservation. 

He afterward, with his sons, built a much larger tannery on 
the Messalonskee, lately owned by Henry Ricker. 

His children were Joseph, Edmund, James, William and Har- 
riet. Harriet married William Redington, son of Asa Reding- 
ton. Of their children, William is a merchant in San Fran- 
cisco, Sophia resides with her mother in the homestead on Silver 
street. Capt. Pearson died June 29, 1844. 

For a long time after its settlement, the population of Water- 
ville was entirely American. As mentioned before, there were 
no French Canadians here until a single family came in the early 
thirties. A few families of Irish came as employes of the A. & 
K. R. R., about 1847. There was one family of colored persons 
by the name of Seco some time in the twenties. The first barber 
in town, George Boardman, was a colored man, very much of 
a dandy and more elegant in his dress and manners than many 
of his white fellow citizens. 

The early establishment of the college and academy made 
Waterville an educational center and elevated the social and 
mora! character of the town ; its unsurpassed water power and 
favorable situation for business attracted people from abroad and 
so. with its natural increase, the little hamlet of 800 souls (much 
less, if only the present territory of Waterville is included) a cen- 
tury ago, has grown into the beautiful city of 10,000 inhabitants 
whose centenarv we celebrate to-dav. 



CHAPTER VI. 



RECOLLECTIONS OF WATERVILLE IK "THE 
OLDEN TLME." 

By Professor Wilfjam Mathews. LL. D. 

IMy recollections of W'aterville in "the olden time" besfin with 
the year 1822, when, at the age of four years, I was sent to school 
to learn the alphabet and to spell "ab," "eb," "ib," preliminary 
to wrestling with such words as "baker," "brier." and "cider." 
My first teacher was Nancy Dingley, who taught first in a two- 
story dwelling-house on Main street, standing nearly where the 
millinery shop of Misses Mathews and Irish now stands, and 
afterward in "the Powers house," the next building east of Dr. 
Hall Chase's residence on Silver street, now the home of Mr. 
Willard Arnold. Miss Dingley was a very kind-hearted teacher, 
giving us, if we did tolerably well, frequent "rewards of merit," 
as they were called. Her sister, who also taught a primary 
school, was a rigid disciplinarian, and used to chalk an X on 
my seat, on each side of me. and tell me, on peril of the rod, not 
to move an inch beyond it. 

In this sketch I .shall try to give my recollections of Water- 
ville as it was during the years 1825- 1850. Until 1830 or later, 
there were no streets west of Elm, or west of Main where Elm 
street touches it. I remember well when Spring street was 
opened. It was not till the railway days, that there was any 
cross street from College to Main. In 1835, when I graduated 
from Waterville college, there were but seven or eight dwelling 
houses on College street, but five or six on Elm, and but sixteen 
or seventeen on Silver, which is a mile long. Front street 
extended north only to Temple. On what was called "the Plain," 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. I4I 

now covered with the houses and shops of Frenchmen, there 
was not a building, except possibly at the extreme north end. 
Between Spring street and Temple there was a large swamp or 
bog, filled with flags and frogs, which gave concerts nightly. In 
the winter the boys utilized it for skating. It had two outlets ; 
one at the north end and across Main street into the Kennebec 
river; the other at the south end, where the water ran between 
Silver street and Elm into "the Emerson stream," now called 
the Messalonskee. Trout were caught in this stream, one of 
which weighed four pounds. The hollow between north Silver 
street and Front, now occupied by the boarding-houses of the 
Lockwood Mills corporation, was marshy, and peopled by frogs 
whose music rivalled that of "the Gilman bog." 

In my early boyhood — in 1826, or thereabouts — a bear was 
shot on "the mountain," as the high ridge was called between 
Summer street and "the Plain," and my father obtained some 
steaks from it for the family breakfast. "The Mountain" was 
covered mostly with trees and bushes, and boys used to go there 
for blueberries, which were plentiful, and for juicy "slivers" 
from the pine trees. 

A favorite place for swimming in those days was the Kennebec 
river a little south of the foot of Temple street. There was a 
fine sandy bottom there, and frequently a raft of pine boards, 
from which one could dive deep into the water. Baptisms some- 
times took place there, and sometimes near the ferry, lower down 
the river, inside of the island. In my childhood there was no 
bridge across the Kennebec or the Sebasticook river, and I 
remember that when the Congregationalist church in Winslow 
was dedicated — which, I think, must have been. before 1826, the 
citizens of Waterville, who attended the exercises in large num- 
bers, were transported across the two rivers in ferry boats. In 
the winter, as soon as the water had frozen on the sides of the 
Kennebec, it was customary to cut a huge cake of ice, and swing 
one end of it to the other side of the rapid current, and thus form 
a bridge. It must have been as early as 1827 that tollbridges 
were built across the Kennebec and the Sebasticook. The year 
1832 was memorable for the greatest freshet ever known on the 
Kennebec. All the bridges on the river were swept away with 
many mills and other buildings, and the citizens of Winslow 



142 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

village who lived near the river were obliged to leave their houses 
one night and occupy higher land. The spectacle of the raging 
flood at "the bay," as it swept southward with its prey of logs, 
boards, timber, and buildings, was picturesque and impressive. 

Skating on the frozen river was a favorite amusement in 
winter, which the bitterest cold did not prevent. In the evenings 
a huge slab fire was built on the upper island by the boys, by 
whose light (for warmth, it might as well have been built on the 
planet Uranus or Neptune,) they raced along the ice, or played 
the game of "Chorum," till a late hour in the evening. 

The only public conveyances for travelers in those days were 
stage coaches and steamboats, one of which latter ran from Hal- 
lowell to Portland. A memorable epoch in the history of Water- 
ville was when the stern-wheel steamboat, Ticonic, made her first 
trip from Hallowell to W'aterville, where her arrival was greeted 
by a throng of citizens with the thunder of artillery and loud 
huzzas. All goods for the Waterville stores were brought from 
Boston to Hallowell in ships, and thence in "long-boats." Navi- 
gation of the Kennebec, when the water was low, was somewhat 
difficult, on account of "the rips," the "six mile falls," and other 
rapids, and a dangerous rock called "Old Coon," a few miles 
north of Augusta, on which the boat Eagle, owned by my father, 
Simeon Mathews, and loaded with a heavy and valuable cargo 
of goods for his stores in Waterville, Fairfield, Skowhegan, 
China, and East Vassalborough, was once wrecked. 

The arrival of the mail-stage from Augusta, which was at 
about eleven A. M. daily, was in my boyish days an important 
event. As it rounded the bend in Silver street, just north of my 
father's house, the driver drew forth his long horn, and blew a 
loud and vigorous blast. As the stage stopped at Levi Dow's 
tavern, on Main street, nearly opposite the head of Silver, all the 
quidnuncs and loafers of the village flocked there to learn the 
latest news. Before the steam car came, it took from three to 
four days to go by stage-coach to Boston. The first day one 
could get no farther than to Augusta, where he had to stay 
twenty-one hours at a hotel ; and, on the next day he could go 
but sixty miles more, to Portland. There he passed the night, 
and on the third day had his choice, either to pay six dollars for 
a ride to Bo.ston in the ".Accommodation" stage, which would 



HISTORY OF WATERVILI.E. 143 

require two days, with considerable expense for meals and lodg- 
ing, or to pay ten dollars and ride seventeen hours, or from 4 
o'clock, A. M. till nine P. M., in the mail stage. 

In January, 1837, when I was a student in Harvard Law 
School, it took me six days in the Christmas vacation to go back 
in the mail-stage from Waterville to Boston. As we left Gardi- 
ner a furious snow-storm set in, and at West Gardiner our 
progress was completely blocked, so that the stage with its occu- 
pants was compelled to tarry two days at a small country inn, 
which was packed to overflowing with Americans and Canadians 
of all ages and callings. As I had in a capacious outside pocket 
of my overcoat a package, five or six inches thick, of bank bills, 
amounting to $4,000, entrusted to me by the Ticonic Bank, 
Waterville, to be delivered to the Suffolk Bank, Boston, — to 
which sum the Canal Bank, of Portland, afterward added $2,500 
more, — and as, having no trunk, I was obliged to carry the 
package all day, the situation was not very pleasant. Fortu- 
nately, as no one could have a bed to himself, I found a student 
of Waterville college, whom I knew, among the guests, and had 
him and my package for bed fellows. After two days' delay, 
the mail bags were put into a pung, and, sometimes riding in it, 
sometimes wading through big drifts of .snow, I reached Bruns- 
wick at night, and next morning rode on the crust of the deep 
snow", which covered all the fences except the tops of the posts, 
to Portland. On the next day a ride of seventeen hours in the 
mail-stage — six of them in darkness — took me to the Eastern 
Stage Tavern, Ann St., Boston. Once on the way, we were 
upset in the darkness, and a big fat man rolled down upon me 
and my bank-bills, but fortunately no bones were broken. 

At this time there were three hotels in Waterville, — one kept 
by Levi Dow on Main street, nearly opposite Silver ; another on 
the opposite side of Main, a little farther north, and the third on 
Silver street, kept successively by Major Balcom and a Mr. Page 
• — the west half of it being the building next west of Redington's 
furniture shop. In the dancing-hall of this inn, public exhibi- 
tions and lectures were .sometimes given, and I remember some 
kind of a theatrical show there in 1827 or 1828, on the drop cur- 
tain of which was depicted the Battle of Waterloo fought twelve 
or thirteen years before, in which Napoleon was seen flying for 



144 HISTORY OP WATERVILLE. 

life before the victorious squadrons of \^'ellington. Here one 
day Mr. Wilbur, of Newburyport, Mass., gave an astronomical 
lecture, after which he showed us a minature railway car, which 
ran to and fro on the floor, to give us an idea of a projected new 
mode of conveyance, which was expected soon to be a reality. 
Where Mr. Turner's dry goods store now stands, was a wide 
carriage way to Mr. Dow's stable, in the yard of which all men- 
ageries and circuses were for many years exhibited — the latter 
exhibition always closing with "the laughable farce of Billy 
Button," who, divesting himself of a dozen garments as he rode 
around the ring, was transformed from a beggar into a Croesus. 

Trade in the early days of Waterville was more profitable than 
to-day. Large prices were charged for goods, which were usu- 
ally sold on long credits, and paid for by farmers in country 
produce. In the two largest of my father's stores, of which there 
were six, the upper stories were filled with great bins of wheat, 
corn, barley, oats, grass and clover seed, etc, etc., taken in 
exchange for goods, which were shipped for sale to Boston. 
One year he shipped 40.000 bushels of potatoes to Boston, and 
one season bought a large quantity at six cents a bushel. 

Before the Lockwood Mills were built, there were four or five 
sawmills near, perhaps partly on the site of the southern part of 
the former mills, and, during the spring freshets many men were 
employed in catching for the mills, logs that had been cut in the 
vicinity of Moosehead lake. Great rafts of boards were floated 
from time to time down the Kennebec to market, and sometimes 
shipped from Hallowell or Bath to Boston. The dam in the 
river at Waterville in those days extended only to what was called 
"Rock Island," on the east side of which was an excellent passage 
way for the fish, provided they did not get caught in the traps 
set for them on the falls. Just north of the sawmills there was 
for many years a tannery carried on by William Pearson, then or 
afterward a trader on Main street. There seems to have been 
at an early period a small tannery back of the Powers house 
(already mentioned) on Silver street; at any rate, when a very 
small boy I got a good ducking by walking into a tanpit there, 
the layer of tan on the surface of which seemed to offer a sure 
footing. 

It may be worth while to note a wholesale and economical way 
of shodding families that prevailed in the twenties, before the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 145 

era when nearly the whole population of many villages and even 
cities were engaged in making boots and shoes. A country cob- 
bler was installed and boarded in a private house for a week or 
v.'eeks, which he spent in making boots and shoes for all the 
members of a family. As he was sometimes an amateur fiddler, 
and brought his fiddle with him, it can be imagined what delight 
"we boys" took, first in watching the growing boots designed 
for us. during the day, and next in listening to the strains of 
"Bonaparte's March," as they were scraped away by the rural 
Paginini in the evening, or in leading our blushing partners 
through the mazes of the merry dance in the wake of our silver- 
headed elders. 

Something here reminds me of a hoax of which the citizens of 
Waterville were made the victims in 1833 or 1834. A placard 
headed "Another Wonder!" was posted about the village, 
announcing that Pedro Batiste, a waterman on the Thames, had 
invented a "Life Preserver," by which a person could walk on 
water for miles with perfect ease and safety. Like many other 
marvellous inventions, it was the result of a happy accident, and 
had deeply interested the scientists of Europe. The inventor, 
just from England via Quebec, would exhibit the preserver to 
thi: inhabitants of Waterville, and walk across the Kennebec "on 
Monday, the 28th day of July, at 2 o'clock, P. M., at the head 
of the Falls." To exclude any suspicion of deception, the inven- 
tion would be explained, and any spectator would be able "to 
perform the experiment himself, and test the invention to his 
satisfaction." At the appointed hour, hundreds of persons from 
all parts of the town flocked to the banks of the Kennebec to wit- 
ness the startling exhibition ; but no Pedro Batiste appeared. 
A half hour — three-quarters — an hour passed, with the same 
result, when suspicion ripened into conviction that the promised 
exhibition was a hoax. Great was the wrath that ensued, and 
loud the imprecations ; but no one suspected the perpetrator — 
F. Burt Wells — who, all the while laughing in his sleeve, was 
outwardly the most indignant man in the assemblage. 

It will surprise many persons to learn that ship building was 
once a branch of business in Waterville. Before 1830, and per- 
haps later, vessels were built in the early spring on the bank of 



146 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the Kennebec, near the foot of Sherwin hill — just south of the 
island. They were built at that time in order to take advantage 
of the spring freshet in the river for launching them. 

Before the Augusta dam was built, and when the Kennebec 
was comparatively free from sawdust, great quantities of salmon, 
shad, alewives, and other fish were caught in its waters. My 
father had a trap on the east side of Ticonic Falls, which he 
visited twice daily, and from which he took salmon weighing 
from ten to twenty or thirty pounds. It is difficult to tell a big 
fish story without exaggerating, but, if I can trust my memory, 
he caught one salmon at least, that weighed forty pounds. Shad 
and alewives were so plentiful as to command a very low price. 
The early settlers of this region lived largely on the fish they 
caught. The Sebasticook river was one of the best fishing 
grounds of the State — a fact of which the Indians had been well 
aware. 

Waterville, in the days of my boyhood, had three fine military 
companies. First, there was the Light Infantrj*, commanded 
successively by William Phillips, a trader on Main street, father 
of the late Alfred Phillips, — by William Hume, a shoemaker 
living in the brick building next north of the present Unitarian 
church grounds, and by Josiah Crosby, then, I think, a saddle 
and harness maker. Second, there was a large artillery com- 
pany, commanded for a time by Shubael Marston, a trader, 
W'hich had its quarters on Temple street, a little east of Front, 
where in a small house it had two brass cannon. Third, there 
was the Militia, a large company with no uniform but a bayonet- 
bell and knapsack, — only its officers wearing plumed hats and 
epaulettes — which, for this reason, was jeeringly called '"The 
String Beans." "Hurrah for the Stringbeans !" was the con- 
temptuous cry of the street boys that heralded its march, who, 
in general, preferred to swarm about the other more showy com- 
panies, which were in uniform, and could boast of finer bands of 
music. The annual muster of these companies and those of 
adjoining towns was a great occasion — a red-letter day for young 
and old, who flocked early to the fields of Mars from near and 
far. Peddlers of all kinds of edibles and potables, — notably of 
gingerbread, cider, and rum, and of new inventions and ''gim- 
cracks," — had booths adjoining the muster-field, or carts upon it. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 147 

where, with loud and vehement harangues upon the matchless 
virtues of their vendibles, they exchanged them for Spanish four 
pences, ninepences, and quarters. The military exercises closed 
with a sham fight, in which all the troops exhibited to crowds of 
admiring spectators their prowess and military skill ; after which 
the soldiers and spectators who were able to stand up and to 
avoid a zigzag step, in which there was much motion but little 
progress, dispersed to their homes. One of the most successful 
of these musters was held on "the Plain." 

In those days persons living in cities and villages did not deem 
it necessary to go to the seashore or the mountains for rest and 
recreation in the summer. Sometimes a party of the citizens of 
Waterville, however, would fit up a long-boat with an awning, 
beds, chairs, etc., and take a trip to the mouth of the Kennebec, 
where they would spend a week in loafing, story-telling, dancing 
and mackerel-catching. Usually they took a fiddler with them, 
who scraped away while they went through the mazes of the 
"Virginia Reel" or other contra-dance that was popular in those 
days. Tea parties, dance parties, and balls were frequent in 
those days, and I remember that in 1825 the Fourth of July was 
celebrated by a tea party at four o'clock P. i\I., in a woolen mill 
and on the grounds that fronted it, on the bank of the Messalon- 
skee, a little below the spot where the public waterworks now are. 

Alcoholic liquors were sold in those ante-Neal Dow days in 
nearly all the stores in Waterville, and there were comparatively 
few abstainers. Punctually, as the clock struck eleven A. M. and 
four P. M., the dry-throated citizens thronged to the barrooms 
and stores, and quenched their thirst with "toddies" — brandy, 
gin, or New England rum, which in those days were generally 
pure, and not "warranted to kill at forty paces." In the dwell- 
ing-houses of the w-ell-to-do citizens, side-boards, with bottles 
of brandy, gin, and wine for guests and callers, were common 
pieces of furniture. 

It is remarkable that there was a circulating library in Water- 
ville as early as 1827, if not earlier. It was kept by Edward ( ?) 
Savage, in his bookstore, nearly where Mr. Dorr's drug-store 
now stands. Thanks to Mr. Savage, whose name belied his call- 
ing, I was enabled by his enterprise to cheat the weariness and 
monotony of many a school hour by the aid of the charming 
pages of DeFoe, Jane Porter, and Dean Swift. 



148 HISTORY OF WATERVIl.LE. 

Till 1826, when tlie Baptist church was dedicated, there was 
but one meeting-house in the village, and that — an unpainted 
building resting on blocks, afterwards converted, with some 
changes, into a town hall, — stood about in the center of the Com- 
mon, fronting south. Here Christians of different denomina- 
tions worshipped ; but usually it was occupied by the Baptists, 
Jeremiah chaplin, D. D., president of Waterville college, being 
the preacher. He was a tall, spare man, very grave in look and 
utterance ; and well do I remember how weary at the age of six 
or seven I used to be, when, to my inexpressible relief, he finished 
his sixthly, seventhly, or eighthly, and closed the big quarto 
Bible, and — as it seemed to me — his protracted and ponderous 
discourse. In the afternoon, the Universalists, whose meeting- 
house on Silver street was dedicated in February, 1832, some- 
times occupied the town meeting-house, and listened to a dis- 
course by Rev. William A. Drew, of Augusta. On one Sunday 
morning. Dr. Chaplin, whose general gravity did not forbid his 
uttering at times a dry and pungent witticisim, made the follow- 
ing announcement: "I am reouested to give notice that the Rev. 
William A. Drew, of Augusta, will preach in this house this 
afternoon, at four o'clock. The Gospel will be preached in the 
schoolhouse, at the same hour." The schoolhouse of which the 
Doctor spoke, and in which the unadulterated Gospel was to be 
preached by himself, was that of the "lower district," a one-story 
xellow building back of the meeting-house on Front street, that of 
the upper district, a small brick building, being located on College 
street, just north of the spot on which Daniel R. Wing long after- 
ward built his house. That yellow schoolhouse — shall I ever 
forget it, or the scenes that I once witnessed therein ? Shall I — 
can 1 — forget the great open fireplace, with its blazing logs, 
before which, under various pretexts, such as the necessity of 
thawing our frozen ink, etc., we lingered so long on frosty morn- 
ings, — between which and the hot stove class after class stood 
up to read or spell, at the imminent risk of its flanks being 
scorched, to avoid which it crooked into a shape which the peda- 
gogue vainly tried to straighten ? Shall I ever forget how, when 
I was one day penning a fly in a hollow cut in the desk, or was 
following with breathless interest the fortunes of Robinson 
Crusoe, or Gulliver, or Alonzo and Melissa, as narrated in a book 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. I49 

kept "on the sly" under the desk, I suddenly found myself seized 
by "the master" by the jacket collar, and whisked unceremoni- 
ously into the centre of the room? Shall I forget the exciting 
scene when one day "Gus D — ," who had been a sailor, was 
ordered on account of some misdemeanor to come to the master's 
desk, and thereupon flew to the fireplace, and, seizing the fire- 
shovel, held it up in the air by its long iron handle in a threaten- 
ing manner, and, when asked by the master, "What are you going 
to do with that?" replied: "Knock your brains out, if you come 
near me !" — and, again, how the insurgent was suddenly dis- 
armed and compelled to submit to a severe feruling? Shall I 
forget the spelling-match on every Saturday, which we all 
enjoyed so much, when the whole school was divided into two 
contesting parties, ranged on opposite side of the schoolhouse, 
and the correct spelling by a boy or girl on our side, of a word 
which had been mispelled by one on the other, was hailed with 
an exultation equal to that at a point scored at baseball to-day? 
Jonathan Heywood, our master, who was a strict disciplinarian, 
was afterward a physician in Methuen, Mass., where he lived to 
a good old age — doubtless owing, in part, to the vigorous athletic 
exercise he had had in administering the "oil of birch" to his 
rc'fractory pupils at Waterville. 

The Waterville college commencement differed for many years 
materially from that of Colby. It was the great, notable event 
of the year, and took place in August. The citizens were very 
hospitable to visitors, and for weeks preceding the event the ques- 
tion most frequently put by the ladies of the village to one 
another was : "Are you expecting much company at commence- 
ment ?" The sheriff of the county always attended the exercises, 
and magnified his office. With a cockade on his hat, and a red 
sash about his waist, he accompanied the procession from the 
college to the church on horseback, — sat on the stage on the right 
hand of the Governor of the State, — and, with his official wand, 
a long white rod or pole, announced the opening of the exercises 
by rapping loudly on the floor, and crying: "O-r-d-e-r!" This 
was repeated, whenever there was any loud talking or other dis- 
turbance in the house. The stage was large and high, reaching 
from the north to the south gallery ; on one side sat the trustees 
and faculty of the college : on the other, distinguished guests 



150 HISTORY OF \VATERVILr,E. 

and visitors : between them, in front of tlie pulpit, sat the Gov- 
ernor of Maine. The first page of the large quarto order of 
exercises "astonished the natives" with a formidable array of 
Latin words "of learned length and thundering sound." In front 
of the church, and on both sides of Elm street, for a little dis- 
tance, were booths, stands, and wagons, where refreshments, 
candies, et id omnc, were sold during the day. 

Commencement day in 1840 was memorable for a political 
discussion in the Baptist church between George Evans, \Miig 
Representative in Congress from Maine, and Robert Rantoul, Jr., 
of Massachusetts, a "Jackson Democrat," afterward Representa- 
tive in Congress from that state. The discussion was a vigorous 
cnc, and lasted from four o'clock in the afternoon till eleven at 
night. 

Political contests in the years 1820- 1850 were often decidedly 
warm in Waterville. While the Whigs or National Republicans 
usually elected their candidates for office, the victory was seldom 
"a walk-over," and the Democrats often triumphed. A notable 
bone of contention for some years was the proposed annexation 
of Dearborn, or part of that town, which was peopled almost 
wholly hy Democrats, to Waterville, whereby the leaders of that 
party expected to turn the political scale in the latter place for- 
ever in their favor. After a stubborn contest, the measure was 
carried through the Legislature, nobody then dreaming of an 
Oakland. 

The somewhat invidious name of Silver street, which was 
chosen by some of the richest men of the town, who dwelt on that 
street, was fought against in town meeting by other citizens, who 
were outvoted. 

Waterville has always had a goodly number of lawyers, two 
of whom became members of the Supreme Judicial Court of 
Maine, viz : Asa Redington and Samuel Wells — the latter being 
also elected Governor. It is not generally known that among 
the members of the bar in Waterville early in the nineteenth 
century was Eleazar Wheelock Ripley, born in Hanover, N. H. 
in 1782, who graduated at Dartmouth college in 1800, and died 
in West Feliciana, Louisiana, in 1839. In 1810 he was speaker 
of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, later a senator, 
and, in the second war with Great Britain, rose in the army from 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. I5I 

the rank of lieutenant to that of brigadier-general, and finally 
to that of major-general. He fought with great gallantry in the 
bloody battles of Chippewa and Niagara, and was known as "the 
hero of Lnndy's Lane," where was one of the most desperate 
fights of the war. Another early lawyer of Waterville was Rus- 
sell Freeman, who appears to have been the wit of the bar. It 
used to be told that once when he was replying in some court to 
one of his brethren whose eyes were inflamed by frequent pota- 
tions of aqua vitae, and who had quoted the legal maxim. Id 
ccrtiim est quod cerium reddi potest, he retorted, with a signifi- 
cant gesture: "Yes, your honor, id ccrtnin est quod redd-i!" 
Once lie was dining in Augusta with Ruel Williams and other 
luminaries of the bar, when, as the meal was finished, it was 
proposed that toasts be given. The other attorneys gave suc- 
cessively as toasts the colleges at which they had been educated. 
When the turn of Mr. Freeman came, who, like Mr. Williams, 
was not a college graduate, he responded thus : "Gentlemen, I 
give to you, as a toast, no college — not Harvard, Dartmouth, 
Brown, or Yale — but the University from which were graduated 
George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, David Rittenhouse, 
Ruel Williams, and Russ Freeman." 

V ^aterville never could boast of many wealthy citizens, even 
in the days when a man possessing ten thousand dollars was 
regarded as "independent," and one possessing twenty-five or 
thirtv thousand was pronounced rich. The citizens of the town 
were generally prudent and thrifty, spending less than they 
earned, rarely tempted into financial speculations, and accumu- 
lating their moderate fortunes by patient industry and safe 
invcr'tments. The few persons who flew their financial kites 
hign were looked iipon with suspicion, and usually came to grief. 
Nathaniel Gilman, for many years the richest man in the town, 
made rhe bulk of his fortune in the leather business in New York 
City. ?Ie once told me that he had made thirty thousand dollars, 
by tiie rise in the value of his stock of leather, of two cents on 
a pound. Among the natives of Waterville who became wealthy 
after leaving Waterville, were Mr. Oilman's sons, Watson, 
Nathaniel, and George — the last of whom, at his recent death in 
Bridgeport, Conn., left an estate of two or more millions, — and 
William and Aaron Healev. But richer far than anv of these — 



152 IlISTOKV OF WATERVILLE. 

the richest native of Watcrvillc, and one of the longest-Hved, 
was the multi-millionaire, Daniel Wells, who, born July 16, 1808, 
on the west bank of the Messalonskee, close by the spot where 
the nev.' dam has been built, and where his father had a fulling 
mill, died on March 18, 1900, in his ninety-fourth year, in Mil- 
waukee, Wisconsin. He was the wealthiest man in that state, 
his estate being estimated to amount from fifteen to twenty-five 
millions of dollars. 

It is not generally known that Sylvanus Cobb, author of "The 
King's Talisman," "The Patriot Cruiser," "Ben Hamed," and 
many other popular novelettes, and for a long time a leading 
story-writer for the New York "Ledger," was a native of Water- 
ville. He was the son of Sylvanus Cobb, a well-known I'niver- 
salist clergyman, — a brother of the noted artists. Cyrus and 
Darius Cobb — and was born in 1823. 

To conclude these imperfect recollections — Waterville in its 
youth was a pretty village, and its attractions have increased with 
each successive year. Never advancing by leaps and bounds, 
it has had a steady and healthful growth, and its citizens have 
taken a pride in making it attractive by the beauty and tidiness 
of their dwellings. Situated in the heart of the State, near the 
junction of three beautiful rivers ; with lakes on every side of it ; 
possessing fine water-powers, abundant railway communication, 
and. ])lenty of excellent diversified land for buildings : with its 
streets shaded by a multitude of fine trees ; enjoying in its col- 
lege, classical institute, and graded public schools, rare educa- 
tional facilities : it offers to persons seeking a pleasant, healthful, 
and attractive place of residence, many advantages. Till the 
present summer it has lacked a town hall in keeping with its other 
improvements : but now an elegant and commodious brick build- 
ing for this purpose has been completed. There is no reason to 
doubt that the city, already the most beautiful in the State of 
Maine, will continue to grow in attraction, till, at a not far dis- 
tant day one may truthfully address it in the proud language of 
the Roman poet, Catullus, to Verona : 

"Qui te viderit, 
Et non amarit protinus 

Amore perditissimo. 
Is, credo, seipsuin non amat. 
Caretque amandi sensibus. 

Et odit omnes gratias." 



Two Corirs Keceivpd 

JAN 5 190? 

CUt^S A^ XXc, No. 



CHAPTER VII. 



THE MILITARY HISTORY OF WATERVILLE.* 

Its record in the Revolution — the War of 1812 — The /Aroostook War — 
the Mexican, Spanish and Philippine Wars, with rosters of soldiers 
who have served in each, military records, etc. — also sketch of the 
Waterville Soldiers' Monument Association and of W. S. Heath Post, 
No. 14, Department of IMaine. G. A. R. 

By Brevet. Brig. General Isa.\c Sparrow Bangs. 

Of all the magnificent pageants this country has ever seen, 
from its settlement to the present year, none in point of interest 
can compare to the grand review of the armies of the Union on 
-May 23 and 24, 1865. 

The most causeless, cruel, hloody war in the world's history 
had just been brought to a triumphant close by the surrender of 
the army of Northern Virginia, under General Robert E. Lee, to 
General Grant, at Appomattox, April 9th, and the surrender of 
Johnston's and all confederate armies east of the Mississippi by 
the military convention of April 26th. 

The identical flag that was lowered from the flagstaff of Fort 
Simiter by Major Robert Anderson April 14, 1861, was floating 
over Fort Sumter again, having been raised by Brevet Major 
General Robert Anderson on the 14th of April, 1865 '< the fourth 
anniversary to commemorate in the most fitting manner the 
restoration of national authority on the spot where the great 
rebellion was first inaugurated. 

On the evening of that same day. President Lincoln had fallen 
a victim to the hate engendered by the war, by the bullet of John 
Wilkes Booth, at Ford's theater in Washington. 

* Copyright September, 1902, by Dennis M. Bangs. 



154 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Me}- i8th, by Special Orders Xo. 239, war department, adju- 
tant general's office, a grand review by General Grant, President 
Johnson and cabinet, was ordered of all the armies then near 
Washington : to take place May 23rd and 24th. These great 
aimies had bivouacked in the streets of the capital the previous 
night, and when the hour arrived, the army of the Potomac led 
the way around the capitol, down Pennsylvania avenue, out past 
the reviewing stand at the White House: passing for the last 
time as regimental organizations before their beloved com- 
mander. 

With tattered flags, faded uniforms, marks of battle and 
exposure ; but keen-eyed, alert, bronzed, they swung along with 
elastic stride in close column by division ; cheered by thousands 
who gloried in their loyalty, their victories and final triumph. 

These were the men of Antietam, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, 
the Wilderness and Spottsylvania, whose imdaunted courage had 
stood between their country and ruin, between their flag and dis- 
honor, for four long years ; — the men whose exultant faces were 
set toward home. 

The 24th brought Sherman's splendid army, who in a cam- 
paign of two thousand miles of marching and fighting had cut 
the confederacy in twain, and joined Grant at the Nation's cap- 
ital. Sixty-five thousand bronzed veterans who had won each 
a blazonry for his "shield without device" at Chattanooga, Dal- 
ton, Resaca, Kenesaw, or Atlanta. — in the army of the Tennessee 
under Howard, — in the army of Georgia under Slocum, — in the 
army of the Ohio under Schofield, or in the cavalry division with 
Kilpatrick. 

For two entire days these marching hosts filled Washington's 
streets • serried ranks of glistening steel with touches of color in 
the tattered flags they had carried for four long years and loved 
so well ; martial music, songs, shouts of welcome, and ringing 
cheers filled the air with sound : while the hearts of the welcom- 
ing thousands were overflowing with gladness that peace had 
come at last and "come to stay." 

The effect of this moving military pageant must be lost, except 
as an historical incident, to the generation bom since the war; 
but tc those then living it bore tremendous significance. No one 
can ever know, who was not then living, the tumultuous joy of 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 1 55 

tlie people over the close of the war and the return of the men 
wlio had saved the country. 

It may well be asked by those who do not know : "If the War 
of the Rebellion ended with so much rejoicing, by what fanfare 
v;as it inaugurated ?" 

Vve will turn back the pages of history for four years and stand 
in the streets of the village of Waterville, the embryo city of 
to-day, just forty-one years ago. It is not the purpose of this 
article to describe the physical changes that man and "God hath 
wrought." Indeed, these have been so insidious, so gradual, and 
at the same time so radical, that old things have become new. 
Even the people are new ! One wonders where the old buildings 
are, since one misses them, — and the old faces ; just like any 
child who puzzles his wits to know where all the moons go. 

It is impossible not to remember that the enduring quality of 
its buildings was then represented by a few unpretentious brick 
stores: the Ticonic row, Getchell block, the Noyes (Phccnix) 
block, Morrill, and the one "where David Webb traded," and 
just replaced by the Flood block. As for the others, they were 
more jr less pretentious frames, and have been moved — no one 
can remember zvhen or how, and handsome brick blocks fill their 
places. The old stores can be found out on back streets meta- 
morphosed into dvv'ellings with front piazzas, bow windows, and 
new paint, — "spruced up" like a widower with a second wife. 

The popular resorts in the late 50s and the 60s were "the hard- 
ware store," John Cafifrey's, and the gymnasium, which stood on 
the site of the post office block. At the gymnasium, the evening 
classes were popular and comprised representative men of the 
town; life-long friends who had "Lived and loved together 
through many a changing year," and stood shoulder to shoulder 
in support of the government and in sympathy with the soldier, 
through all the weary days of the tedious months, of the terrible 
years of the war. Among these were Edwin Noyes, Dr. Bou- 
tclle, Charles M. Morse, Jones Elden, Nathaniel and John 
I^leader, C R. McFadden, John and William Caffrey, W. B. 
Arnold, Joshua Nye, George Robinson, G. A. Phillips, J. P. Hill, 
William Blunt, A. A. Plaisted, Simeon Keith, E. G. Meader and 
I. S. Bangs ; names to conjure with ; of men who controlled pub- 
he sentiment and stood for law and order always and every- 
where. 



156 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

A history of "Waterville in the war" would be incomplete 
without mentioning a few of the prominent older men : 

Hon. D. L. Milliken, Gen. Franklin Smith. F. D. Haviland, 
Major Samuel Appleton. Dr. D. N. Sheldon. Dr. J. T. Champlin, 
John Ware, Julius Alden, William and Walter Getchell, R. B. 
Dunn, John Webber, Prof. George Keeley, — noble men of wise 
counsels and great hearts, whose waking thoughts when conflict 
was joined, were always with our armies : whose "purse and 
pen" sustained the government and encouraged the leaders to 
final victory and peace. 

The years in which these men lived and wrought have gone 
W'here the roses go ; many have crossed the river, but the influ- 
ence of their lives and their loyalty in "the times that tried men's 
Fouls," has left a fragrant memory with those that knew them. 

As for the questions the solution of which was so important 
to the great Republic of to-day, it may be said: God wrought 
them out in his own way. in his own appointed time, through the 
Civil War, and they were settled forever. 

The first rebel gun fired at Fort Sumter, April 12, 1861. roused 
all the latent patriotism of the North united all parties or. better, 
obliterated all parties, and when the President's call of April 15th 
for 75,000 men was flashed over the wires, the enthusiasm was 
so great that a million men would have offered their sej-vices if 
required, and they could have been armed and fed. 

In Waterville a recruiting office was opened in the office of 
Joshua Nye, then treasurer of the old Androscoggin and Ken- 
nebec Railroad Company, on the second floor of the Hanscom 
block, corner of Elm and Main streets, on the morning of April 
i6th, the day following the call of President Lincoln. 

Charles A. Henrickson, then an undergraduate at Waterville 
College, was the first to sign the roll as a volunteer from Water- 
ville, and his patriotic zeal and his exaltation as a new volunteer 
proved so irresistibly contagious at the college that the classes 
and recitations were broken up. Finally, to save the classes, 
the president and faculty voted to close the college temporarily. 

Another recruiting office was o])ened on the second floor of 
the Plaisted building, which now stands on Charles street. This 
was in charge of William S. Heath, his brother Frank E. Heath, 
and J. H. Plaisted, who were the first to volunteer there, and each 
arrived at distinction in the service. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 157 

In a few days the companies were filled and began squad and 
company drill in our streets ; were soon ordered to Augusta into 
camp, and on June 4th were mustered into the service of the 
United States as Companies G and H of the Third Maine Infan- 
try Volunteers. Company G was commanded by Frank S. Hes- 
seltine, with Nathaniel Hanscom 1st lieutenant and William A. 
Hatch 2nd lieutenant. Company H was commanded by W. S. 
Heath, with F. E. Heath as ist lieutenant and John R. Day as 
2nd lieutenant. 

O. O. Howard was appointed colonel of the regiment, and on 
the 5th of June he was ordered to Washington with his com- 
mand, carrying with him, as Waterville's first contingent, 
seventy-four of her boys into the maelstrom of war. 

Meantime, apprehending the embarrassment imder which the 
general government would labor to defend itself against the 
organized rebellion of the South, the legislature of Maine, at an 
extra session called to consider and provide for the exigencies of 
the hour, determined to furnish the government at the earliest 
moment with ten regiments fully armed and equipped, from the 
enrolled but unarmed militia of 60,000 men, to serve for two 
years. This act was passed and approved April 25th. 

How the men who voted for this measure expected to arm and 
equipthesemen,</reynever knew, but they did knowitinust bedone. 

Thus the regiments from the ist to the loth inclusive were 
organized by this act of the legislature, and all succeeding organ- 
izations by the general government or by its authority. 

It must be born in mind that the ist Regiment Maine Infantry 
had been mustered into service for three months at Portland 
Alay 4th, and the 2nd Regiment Maine Infantry mustered at 
Bangor May 28th, and both sent at once to the front. 

The 3rd was mustered June 5th : the 4th June 15th ; the 5th 
June 24th : the 6th July 15th; the "th August 21st; the 8th Sep- 
tember 7th ; the 9th September 22nd ; the loth October 4th ; the 
nth November 4th ; the 12th November 15th ; the T3th Novem- 
ber 20th ; the 14th December nth ; the 15th December 17th ; the 
first cavalry October 19th, and six batteries ; making with five 
companies of sharpshooters and coast guards,* 16.669 '""en ; and 
of this number Waterville furnished 121 in 1861. 

*Tl]eU. S. GofeiDiiient credited the State of Maine with 18,875 tor the year 1661. 



158 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Waterville College furnished from its alumni and undergrad- 
uate classes the following list of patriotic young men for Com- 
pany G, 3rd Maine: Charles A. Henrickson, class of 1864; 
William E. Brown, class of 1864; George H. Bassett, class of 
1864, died in service; Atwood Crosby, class of 1864; Moses W. 
"^"oung, class of 1864 : E. P. Stearns, class of 1864, died in ser- 
vice ; Frank S. Hesseltine, class of 1863 ; A. C. Hinds, class of 
1S63, died in service; Samuel Hamblen, class of .1862; Amasa 
Bigelow, Jr., class of 1862 ; J. A. Philbrook, class of 1862 ; Wil- 
liam A. Hatch, class of 1861. 

For Company H, 3rd Maine : W. S. Heath, class of 1855, 
killed in battle; Francis E. Heath, class of 1858. 

These companies received their baptism of fire at Bull Run, 
July 21, 1861, and of the above named, C. A. Henrickson and 
Atwood Crosby were taken prisoners there ; the latter a voluntary 
one to care for his brother who was shot through the lungs.* 

David Bates was mortally wounded, taken prisoner and died 
at Richmond, Va., the first Waterville soldier killed ; and a num- 
ber of the Waterville contingent were wounded and captured. 

During the year the following changes were made in the line 
and non-commissioned officers : 

Capt. Frank S. Hesseltine, promoted November 14th to major 
of the 13th Maine. 

Lieut. Natli'l Hanscom, promoted November 15th to captain 
of his company. 

2nd Lieut. \V. A. Hatch, promoted November 15th to 1st lieu- 
tenant of his company. 

Capt. W. S. Heath was promoted lieutenant colonel 5th regi- 
ment. September 25th. 

Lieut. F. E. Heatli was promoted captain of his own Com- 
pany H. 

2nd Lieut. Jno. R. Day was promoted 1st lieutenant of his 
own company. 

1st Sergt. E. C. Lowe was promoted 2nd lieutenant of his 
own company, and 

* Henrickson w«3 a prisoner eleven months in Libby and Salisbury prisons ami 
the Parish prison In Sew Orleans; was exchanged and returned to Waterville. In 
'83 he enlisted in the navy, ami was promoted to Ensign. While serving as gun- 
ner In the turret or the monitor Saugus, In the second attack on Fort Fisher, one 
o( the 1,5-Inch Hodman guns exploded, prostrating the executive offlcer and seven- 
teen men in the turret, wounding every man except Henrlekson,but,miraculou3ly, 
klllln;; none. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 159 

Sergt. J. H. Plaisted was promoted 1st sergeant of his own 
company. 

These were the changes and casualties of our neighbors and 
friends at the front for the year 1861, in Companies G and H, 
3rd Maine. 

Of the boys from our State, 188 were killed or died of disease 
or wounds, and 165 were prisoners or missing. 

The excitement : the ten thousand details of the recruiting, 
arming, equipping, and transportation of Maine troops to the seat 
of war; their military discipline there; the campaigns, battles, 
skirmishes, marches, sickness and deaths among these Maine 
boys in that first year of the war, filled the minds of the men and 
women of our town, and of the State, to the almost total exclu- 
sion of all else, except sympathy for those who mourned the loss 
of loved ones, and sympathy for the sick, suffering, homesick, 
heartsick boys who lingered in the populous hospitals where 
parting life was laid. 

No sooner had our first contingent, Companies G and H, been 
uniformed at Augusta, than with natural instinct, devotion and 
helpfulness, the women of Waterville commenced their arduous 
duties of picking lint, making bandages, seeking contributions of 
money for hospital stores for soldiers in camp in our State, in 
the field and general hospitals ; and these duties were continuous, 
untiring, during the war. Commencing in the modest home — 
individual labor, sympathy and love, developed into the town, 
county. State and general organizations that spent fabulous sums 
for the sick and wounded, relieving distress in ways never before 
known. 

The approximate estimate of Waterville's contributions in 
money, hospital stores, etc., in public channels, from 1861 to 
1865 is : 

To soldiers in ]\Iaine camps and hospitals .... $600 00 

To general hospitals in loyal states 300 00 

To regimental hospitals and individuals 350 00 

To New York, Philadelphia, Boston, etc 200 00 

To United States Sanitary Commission 400 00 

To United States Christian Commission 1,500 00 

To aid to 652 persons in 215 families 10,234 42 

$13,584 42 



l60 HISTORY OF WATERVILLH:. 

The modest beginnings of individuals and local associations 
of relief grew so helpful, so necessary, and finally so vast in 
scope, as to eclipse any and all efforts before or since made to 
supplement the hospital service of the army in its efforts to alle- 
viate suffering. Contributions were enormous. Government 
was calling for the last man and the last dollar to saz'c the coun- 
try, and to those at home monej' seemed worthless tvithout coun- 
try, (lag, and honor. 

In her "Epistle to Posterity" Mrs. Sherwood says : "Dr. Bel- 
lows was president of the Sanitary Commission, and I became 
secretary of the Metropolitan Fair and wrote innumerable letters 
to all our representatives in Europe. All answered well. After 
a winter's work we sent Dr. Bellows one million three hundred 
and sixty-five dollars in one check, as the result of our work."* 

Among the many schemes for the benefit of our soldiers in the 
field was a plan for transmitting their pay or a portion of it to 
their families at home, authorized by General Orders No. 8i, 
war department, adjutant general's office, September 19, 1861, 
by "Allotment Rolls," to be sigfned by the soldier who designated 
his assignee, his address, and the amount per month to be 
reserved. These rolls were transmitted by company and regi- 
mental officers to the paymaster general, and by him to the dis- 
tributors or trustees appointed by the governor, who generously 
and patriotically consented not only to act without compensation, 
but to give bonds to Nathan Dane and John S. Hodsdon in the 
sum of $15,000 each for the faithful performance of their duties. 

The volunteer trustee for Waterville and vicinity was Homer 
Percival, Esq., cashier of the Peoples' Bank, who performed the 
onerous duties of this office during the war, although many of 
these trustees resigned their offices, finding the duties too 
exacting. 

The amount received and distributed by banks and private 
individuals as trustees in these allotment rolls prior to the trans- 

• The writer has In his possession a fine lithograph receipt ot the "Committee 
on Military Donations of the City of Boston," reading: 

"Boston, 1861." 
"This certifies that the ladies of the Waterville Association have given sixty 
dollars and thirty cents for the soUliers who leave Boston under the requisition 
of the President of the United States." 

(signed) Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis 

for the Com. on Militarj- Donations. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. l6l 

fer of a part of these duties to the State treasurer by act of the 
legislature, and the few who continued to discharge those duties 
without compensation, must amount to some hundreds of thou- 
sands of dollars. 

The vState treasurer alone received and disbursed $559,526.37. 

It could only gratify idle curiosity, to indicate how much of 
this sum came to Waterville from our boys in the field, and the 
suggestion is only made to show how impossible it is to-day to 
group events chronologically, which most interest us locally. 
Our neighbors and friends joined this or that regiment and lost 
their identity in the Grand Army of the Republic, that for four 
long years held in its grasp, not only the destiny of this Nation, 
but the fate of Liberty and good government throughout the 
globe, an army which knew no law but Loyalty, no thought but 
obedience ; an army that served under as many commanders as 
it fought campaigns ; yet marched as cheerfully and fought as 
loyally under the new commander as under the old; an army 
that fought over more miles of ground than most continental 
armies ever marched over; an army baptized in blood, conse- 
crated in tears, and hallowed in prayers. 

In such a school, the fathers of this generation, were taught 
what loyalty meant ; what our flag symbolized ; while the 
mothers sat with sorrow and wrought with busy hands and tear- 
ful eyes. 

From homes of peaceful traditions ; lives of peaceful pursuits ; 
our Waterville boys stood up to be counted "for three years or 
for the war" — anxious to do their duty. 

Waterville was represented in each of the fifteen infantry regi- 
ments sent out in '61, except the 2nd, 4th, and 12th : as also in 
the 1st Cavalry and the 4th Battery, as follows : 

One in the ist Infantry; seventy-four in the 3rd Infantry; 
three in the 5th Infantry ; one in the 6th Infantry ; eight in the 
7th Infantry ; fourteen in the 8th Infantry ; three in the 9th 
Infantry; one in the lOth Infantry; two in the nth Infantry; 
one in the 13th Infantry; one in the 14th Infantry; one in the 
1 5th Infantry ; four in the First Cavalry ; one in the 4th Battery. 

In 1862 \\^aterville furnished 102 volunteers for the twelve 
regiments of infantry and one regiment of heavy artillery, besides 
recruits, as follows : 



l62 HISTORY OK WATERVII.LE. 

Twenty-two for the i6th Infantry; two for the 17th Infantry; 
eight for the 19th Infantry; twenty-nine for the 20th Infantry; 
forty-one for the 21st Infantry. 

Commissioned officers from \\'aterville in the i6th; Abner R. 
Small, adjutant, promoted major; William A. Stevens, 2nd 
lieut., 1st lieut., and captain, killed before Petersburg. 

Commissioned officers from Waterville in the igth ; Francis 
E. Heath, promoted from the 3rd Me., to lieut. -col. of the 19th, 
colonel and brevet brigadier-general; F. W. Haskell, adjutant. 

Commissioned officers from Waterville in the 20th ; Isaac S. 
Bangs, captain; lieut.-col. 8ist U. S. C. I.; col. loth Heavy 
Artillery, brevet brigadier-general U. S. Vols. ; George C. 
Getchell. ist sergt., 2nd lieut., 1st lieut., captain 8ist U. S. C. I., 
major, lieut.-col., and brevet-colonel ; Addison W. Lewis, ist 
lieut. and captain ; Charles W. Billings, 2nd lieut., ist lieut., and 
captain, died of wounds at Gettysburg; Charles R. Shorey 
sergt., 1st sergt., 2nd lieut., and 1st lieut; W. H. Low, sergt. 
and 1st lieut; Henry A. Batchelder, sergt. and 2nd lieut. 

Commissione'd officers from AVaterville in the 21st Regiment: 
John U. Hubbard, captain ; George W. Hubbard, sergt. -major, 
2nd lieut. ; Andrew Pinkham, 2nd lieut ; Frank Pjodfish. hospital 
steward to assist, surgeon. 

Casualties and Promotions of commissioned officers from 
Waterville: Lieut.-Colonel \\'. S. Heath, 5th Me., killed at 
Gaines Mill ; Chaplain Henry C. Leonard, from 3rd to i8th 
Regt. ; William A. Hatch, ist lieut. in 3rd Me., and major 72nd 
U. S. C. I.; George A. Mclntire, 2nd lieut., ist lieut., and cap- 
tain ; James H. Plaisted, sergt., sergt. -major, to adjutant and 
captain ; Samuel Hamblen, to 2nd lieut., captain, major, and 
lieut.-col. in Ullman's Brigade ; E. C. Lowe, sergt., to 2nd lieut., 
resigned ; Frank H. Getchell, hospital steward to assist, sur- 
geon ; John R. Day, 2nd lieut. to 1st lieut. and captain ; Charles 
W. Lowe, 2nd lieut. to ist lieut. and captain ; William H. Copp, 
to 1st lieut. Co. I, 17th Me. ; Charles A. Farrington, to lieut. 31st 
Me. ; Samuel J. Haines, to lieut. U. S. N. ; Henry E. Tozier, to 
lieut. 8th Me. ; John B. Wilson, to surgeon 96th U. S. C. I. 

Waterville furnished for the two regiments of infantry and one 
of cavalry in 1863 ; Four for the 29th Infantry ; sixteen for the 
30th Infantry; two for the 2nd Cavalry; and in 1864: Seven- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 163 

teen for the 31st Infantry; three for the 32nd Infantry; and 
many recniits for all the regiments and batteries in the field, the 
imassigned companies, the coast guards and naval service. 

The figures given for 1 861 -2-3-4 being for the regiments, etc., 
as originally sent to the field, but these and all subsequent allot- 
ments of men under the President's call were always up to the 
requirements. 

In 1861 more than its share was furnished of men who 
received no bounty from the government and the town received 
no credit for the excess. 

The enlistments from Waterville for the years 1861 and 1862 
can be quite accurately determined, but to ascertain the actual 
enlistments in any succeeding year, to include recruits, drafted 
men, and substitutes, is a task of such magnitude that it will 
never be undertaken, because the results are unimportant and 
not commensurate with the labor. 

The quotas of Waterville and all the other towns 'and cities 
for 1863 and subsequent calls were not apportioned to such 
municipalities, but to the respective provost marshals, districts, 
sub-districts or to congressional districts, and no adequate record 
of these apportionments exists. 

The foregoing figures show that the enlistments for the orig- 
inal companies in different organizations of named men were 121 
in 1861 : 102 in 1862 ; 22 in 1863 ; and 20 in 1864, while the 
alphabetical list printed herewith gives the names of 421 men ; 
showing that 15G more men joined these organizations as recruits 
during these four vears or one in nine of the entire population in 
1861.' 

Waterville paid in bounties for enlistments as follows : 
Call of 1 861 Nothing 

1862 3 years men $4,700 

1862 9 month men 5.200 

1863 Volunteers 8,925 

1864-5 ^^olunteers and drafted men 

who furnished substitutes 45,790 

Drafted men that entered service 1,200 

Substitutes 1,900 

$67,715 



164 HISTORV OF WATERVILLK. 

Out of the 400 estimated alumni and undergraduates of Water- 
ville (now Colby) college in 1865, 142 entered service during 
ihe war. 

Thirty-eiglit members of Waterville .Masonic Lodge entered 
service and seven were killed in battle. 

The State of Maine furnished "2.945 men for the war. The 
total number of troops killed or died of wounds w-as 2,801. The 
total number of troops died of disease was 4,521. Total, 7,322, 
or about one in ten of the men who enlisted. 

The losses in naval service are not here included. 

It is impossible for the present generation to realize the danger, 
the privation, the suffering of those whom we knew ; who went 
out from among us ; or the agonizing suspense of the mothers, 
wives, sisters and daughters who were left at home; of their 
waiting, fearing, hoping, as the long campaigns followed each 
other, leaving in their trail waste, ruin and lonely graves. 

And when battle was on, their faith in God was almost a pre- 
monition, while their constant prayer was for hope in his mercy, 
or strength to bear their pain. 

To those who remember the dreadful years of the war, it is 
no longer real, but a horrid dream of blood, and horror and woe. 

These will know that some of our boys followed their tattered 
flags, representing their State, their town, their home, in every 
campaign, in every great battle, and every prison of the South. 

David Bates, our first martyr, represents Waterville at Bull 
Run, killed there forty-one years ago this month. 

George Bowman and Roscoe Young died at Yorktown. 

Lieut. -Col. W. S. Heath, the gallant soldier ; so early lost to 
his home and his country ; killed at the disastrous battle of 
Gaines Mill, where for forty years he has slept under the grass 
and flowers in an unknown grave. 

Miner W. Savage at South Mountain. 

Isaac W. Clark at Antictam ; 

Lorenzo Clark, Charles F. Lyford, James O. West, and John 
M. Wheeler at Fredericksburg; 

William F. Bates, .Yibert Corson, and Joseph D. Simpson at 
Gettysburg ; 

Hadley P. Dyer, Stephen Ellis, and Richard Perley at Port 
Hudson ; 




LT. COL. WILLIAM S. HEATH. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 165 

William Chapman, C. R. Atvvood, Peter Roderick, and Capt. 
William A. Stevens before Petersburg ; 

Lieut. Charles A. Farrington at the Wilderness; 

John O. James, and Albert Quimby buried at sea ; 

Six died at Salisbury prison, two at Andersonville, one at 
Belle Isle, and one at Camp Gross, Texas ; 

The yellow fever found a victim in the brilliant young officer, 
George C. Getchell, at New Orleans, and a soldier's death met 
our boys at Hatchers Run, Pleasant Hill, La. Weldon Railroad, 
Chantilly, Ship Island, Winchester, and Belle Plain. 

The Bacon family sent five sons ; but three returned. 

The Messer family sent three sons ; none returned. 

The "Penney Boys" — four brothers, three killed or died in 
service, one returned to die at home, of disease contracted in the 
army. 

Deacon Stevens sent his two sons ; most promising young 
men, both killed in battle. 

Companies G and H of the Third Infantry, and Co. A of the 
20th Infantry were well known as Waterville companies, and 
from the first to last, the town furnished eighty-five men for the 
former and forty-five for the latter. 

Of these, but three are living here of the eighty-five who went 
to the front in '6i, in the Third Regiment, Charles R. Shorey, 
F. W. Haskell, and Charles Bacon : in Oakland two, Baxter 
Crowell and George T. Benson. 

Of the forty-five who went into the 20th (Co. A), but two are 
living in Waterville, I. S. Bangs and Charles R. Shorey, and one 
in Oakland, William H. Stevens. 

Our Roll of Honor contains the names and military record of 
140 of our dead, including a few who came here to live at some 
time since the war and died, and found a resting place in Pine 
Grove Cemetery. Fifty of these went from here and are buried 
here. As many more "unheeded — unknown" lie where they fell 
and were thrown into trenches without a prayer, or died in hos- 
pital and prison and drifted away into the dawning eternities. 

Many of these are they who came back to us "when war was 
done," thro' the blood-red haze of a score of battlefields. These 
and the living are the representatives of the men who bequeathed 



l66 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

to this and the coming generations, in trust forever, the heritage 
of a Nation saved, which they must learn how to defend. 

These are the names of men that in the annals of this fair city 
deserve imperishable fame, and in reverent spirit let every citi- 
zen of Waterville read this 

Roll of Honor. 

Allen, Benjamin C. : Co. B, 14th Mass. Inf. Vol., afterwards 
designated as ist Mass. H'y Art. Died in Armory Square Hos- 
pital, Washington, May 23d, 1864, of wounds received at Spott- 
sylvania May 19, 1864. 

Aderton, Wm. H. : Private, Co. B. 13th Me.: died, July 17, 
1862, of disease at Ship Island. 

Atwood, Charles R. : Sergeant, Co. B, 32nd Me. ; killed, 
July 30th, 1864, at Petersburg. 

Baleutine, Elijah : Private, Co. L, 4th Mass. Cav. Buried 
here. 

Balentine, Samuel : Corporal, Co. K, 7th Me. \'ols. Died 
December 29, 1883. Buried here. 

Bates, David : Private, Co. G, 3d Me. Killed at Bull Run, 
July 21, 1861. First man killed from Waterville. 

Bowman, Geo. W., Jr. : Private, Co. E, 3rd Me. Died at 
Yorktown, May 13, 1862. 

Brackett, Orrin ; Private, 6th "Sle. Battery. Died at Water- 
ville, March 21, 1863. 

Bickford, Bennett: Private, Co. E, 30th Me. Died at New 
Orleans, May 4, 1864. 

Bacon, Chas. : Private, Co. G, 3rd Me. Died at City Point, 
1864. 

Boothby, Warren J.: Private, Co. I, 31st Me. Died at 
Waterville, April 24, 1869. 

Blair, John : Private, Co. B, i6th Me., Co. G, 20th Me. Died 
at Fairfield, 1891. 

Bacon, Wm. H. : Corporal, 3rd Me. Died at \\'aterville, 
1862. 

Barrett, Wm. K. : Private, Co. H, 3rd Me. Died at Libby 
Prison or Belle Isle. Date unknown. 

Bates, Isaac W. : Private, Co. F, 32nd Me. Died at Salis- 
hnrv Prison. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 167 

Bates, Wm. T. : Private, Co. E, i6th Me. Killed at Battle 
of Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. 

Bates, Phineas : Private, Co. F, 32nd Me. Died in Salis- 
bury Prison. 

Elake, Geo. E. A.: Private, Co. E, 8th Me. Killed at 
Hatcher's Run, Va., April 2, 1865. 

Butler, Daniel: Private, Co. B, 12th Me. Inf. Vet. Vol. 
Died here, June 18, 1896. 

Bushey, Levi, died December 15, 1900. 

Bushey, William : Private, Co. C, 9th Maine. Died here, June 
15, 1902. Buried here. 

Copp, Wm. H. : ist lieut., Co. I, 17th Me. Died in Minne- 
sota, April, 1883. 

Copp, Alonzo: Private, Co. B, 34 Regt. Pa. Vol. and 5th Pa. 
Reserves; private, Co. C, 191st Pa. Died in Salisbury Prison, 
of starvation, December 28, 1864. 

Gary, Joseph : Private, Co. A. 7th Me. Died in Waterville. 
Buried here. 

Crosby, Atwood : Asst. surgeon, U. S. Navy, Co. G, 3rd 
Me. Died in Las Vegas, N. 1\L, January 25, 1883. Buried 
here. 

Chapman, \MIliam : Private, Co. D, 8th :\Ie. ; Co. E, 27th 
Me. Killed at Petersburg, June 15, 1864. 

Clark, Lorenzo D. : Private, Co. A, 20th Me. Died at Fred- 
ericksburg, Va., 1863. 

Clark, Isaac W. : Private, Co. A, 20th Me. Died at Antie- 
tam, November, 1862. 

Cochran, Hiram : Private, Co. K, 3rd Me. Wounded at 
Gettysburg, July 3rd, 1863. Died in Libby prison, December 
23 rd, 1863. 

Cochran, Thaddeus : Private, Co. C, 41st Mass. Died at 
Alexandria, La., in hospital. 

Clark, Charles: Co. I, 3rd }k[e. Regt. Transferred to 3rd 
U. S. Artillery. 

Corson, Albert : Co. H, 3rd Regt. Died of wounds, Julv 2, 
1863. 

Dustv, Frank: Private, Co. I, 31st Me. Died here, of 
wounds, April 10, 1866. Buried here. 

De Wolfe, Wm. H. : Private, Co. M, ist Me. Heavy Art. 
Died at Washington, of wounds, June 11, 1864. Buried here. 



l68 HISTORY OF WATEKVII.LE. 

Davis, Octavius A. : Private, Co. K, ist D. C. Cav. Died in 
Salisbury prison, November 4, 1864. 

Dyer, Hadley P.: Sergeant, Co. B, 21st Me. Died at Cairo, 
111., en route heme, of wounds received at Port Hudson. 

Dubor, Isaac : Private, Co. A, Me. Coast Guards. Died here, 
April 15, 1869. 

Davis, Arba P.: Corporal, Co. I, 31st Ale. Died here. Nov- 
ember 30, 1885. 

Ellis. Stephen: Private, Co. B, 21st Mc. Killed at Port 
Hudson, May 27, 1863. 

Euarde, Paulette : Private, Co. A, nth Me. Died of wounds, 
July 24, 1864. 

Ellis, Dighton: Co. E, 1st Regt. Veteran Infantry. 

Folsom. Samuel P. : Private. 3rd Me. Died December 22, 
1861. 

Farrington, Chas. A.: Lieut.. 31st Me. Died at Washing- 
ton, June 20. 1864, of wounds received at the Battle of the 
Wilderness. 

Farnham. \\'m. H. : Private, Co. B, 21st Me. Died at New 
Orleans, May 16. 1863. 

Fish, Hiram : Co. H, 3rd Regt. Died at Hospital, Harrison's 
Landing. 

Getchell, Geo. C. : Bvt. lieut.-col. U. S. \'oIs. : major. Sist 
U. S. C. I. Died of yellow fever at New Orleans, September 
21, 1866. Buried here. 

Gibbs, Thos. A.: Private, Co. G, i6th Me. Died Dec. 9, 

1863. Body brought home. Buried here. 

Gibbs, David B., Jr. : Private, Co. B, 14th Me. Died, April 
I, 1863. 

Gilcot, Frank: Private, Co. I, 31st Ale. No headstone; no 
record. 

Grant. Isaiah: Private, Co. F, 32nd Ale. Died here, Decem- 
er 22, 1882. Buried here. 

Hardy, D. W. : Assistant surgeon, surgeon, U. S. Col'd Inf. 
Died at Billerica, Mass., July 28, 1901. Buried here. 

Herbert, Edw. B. : Private, ist Me. Cav. Died at Washing- 
ton, D. C, of wounds. May 3, 1865. Returned prisoner. 

Hubbard, Albro : Sergeant, Co. H, 3rd Me. Released from 
Andersonville, March 10. Died at Annapolis, Aid.. Alarch 16, 

1864, from effects of want and exposure at Andersonville. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. i6q 

Heath, W. S. : Lieut.-col. 5th Me. Killed at Gaines Mill, 
June 27, 1862. 

Ham, W. H. : Private, 31st Me. Died at Poplar Grove 
Church, Va., November 26. 1864. 

Hayward, W. E. : Co. A, ist Mass. Died here, August 19, 
1869. Buried here. 

Haynes, Samuel J. ■ Lieut., U. S. Navy. Died here, May, 
1892. Buried here. 

Heath, Francis Edw. : Col., 19th Me. Died here, December 
20, 1897. 

Herrick, Algernon P. : Co. G, 3rd Regt. Taken prisoner, 
July 2, 1863. Died in prison. 

Hubbard, A. J.: Capt. Co. F, 31st Ale. Died at Morganza, 
La., July 16, 1864. Capt. Hubbard was twin brother of Capt. 
Geo. W. and brother of Capt. John U. : was born in Waterville, 
lived here until past his majority and went into the service from 
the west. 

Jero, Joseph: Private, 30th Me. Died in prison at Camp 
Gross, Texas, December i, 1864. 

James, John O. : Private, seaman ship "Colorado." Died at 
sea of yellow fever, September 10, 1863. 

Jackson, John: Private, 1st ATe. Heavy Art. Died here, 
April 3, 1875. Buried here. 

Keith, Sidney: Private, Co. A, 20th Ale. Died, October 10, 
1890. Buried here. 

King, Mo.=es : Private, 30th Me, Died on steamer near 
Portland, August 26, 1865, when returning home, 

Kelley, Moses: Chaplain Soldiers Home, Togus ; chaplain 
v. S, Army from 1S70 to 1879, when he was retired. Died at 
Damariscotta, Me., August 25, 1898. Buried here. 

Lowe, Chas, W. : 1st lieut., Co. G, 3rd Me. Died at Skow- 
hegan, April 11, 1887. Buried there. 

Lyford, Chas, F, : Private, i6th Ale, Killed at Fredericks- 
burg, Va., December 14, 1862. 

Libby, B. AL : Private, Co. I, 31st Ale. Buried here. 

La Fontaine, Alex : Private, Co. H, 7th Ale, Died, Alarch 
26, 1S86 Buried here, 

Loring, E, P. : Lieut, -col, loth U. S, Heavy Art, Col. Died 
in Boston, October 30, 1894. Buried here. 



I/O HISTORY OF WATERVIFXE. 

Messer, Oriii : Private, Co. E, "th Me. Taken prisoner at 
Spottsylvania, May 12, 1864. Died in Libby prison, of wounds. 

Messcr, Alvin : Private, Co. G, 7th Me. Died at Alexandria, 
September 24, 1862. 

Messer, John N. : Private, Co. C, jth Me. Killed on skir- 
mish line, May 12, 1864, at Spottsylvania, Va. 

Macomber. Otis: Private, Co. K, i6th Me. Died at Belle 
Plain, Va., March 15, 1863. Buried here. 

Murray, Lewis: Private, Co. B, i6th Me. Killed at Fred- 
ericksburg, December 13th, 1862. 

McFarland, Ira I. : 1st ]\le. Cav. Died at Waterville, Feb- 
ruary 8, 1864. Buried here. 

Marston, Wm. H. : Sergeant, 32nd ?ilass. Died at Win- 
chester, Va., in hospital. Date unknown. 

Paine, John A.: 5th ]\Ie. Battery. Died at Portland. May 
20, 1871. Buried here. 

Penney, Jos. M. : Sergeant, Co. B, 7th Me. Died here, Nov- 
ember 19, 1862. Was at home on furlough when he died. 
Buried here. 

Penney, Wm. W. : Private, isth Me. Died at New Orleans, 
March 5, 1864. Buried here. 

Penney, Peletiah : Private. 3rd ^le. Died at Washington, 
November i, 1862. Buried here. 

Penney, Ira D. : Private, 31st ^le. Died in Salisbury 
prison, January 10, 1865, of starvation and despair ; died "crying 
for bread." 

Percival, Albert W. : Private, Engineer Corps. Died here, 
August 23, 1872. Buried here. 

Percival, Wm. C. : Private, U. S. Navy. Killed at Bangor 
in railroad accident, August 9, 1871. 

Percival, Geo. G. : Assistant surgeon, 80th U. S. C. I. Died 
here, August 3, 1882. Buried here. 

Pease Elias : 

Perley, Richard: Private. 21st Me. Killed at Port Hudson, 
May 27, 1863. 

Perry, Joseph : Private, 3rd ]\Ie. Wounded and made pris- 
oner at Chantilly, August 31, 1862, and never heard from. 

Perry, James: Private, Co. G, 3rd Me. Died here, April 15, 
187;. B'lriedhere. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. I/I 

Peters, Thomas: Private, Co. H, I2th Me. Died here, March 
7, 1902. 

Phelps, Lewis G. : Private. Co. G, i6th Me. Died July 28, 
1863. Buried here. 

Phelps, Wm. H. : Private, Co. H, 13th Me. ; Co. H, 30th Me. 

Plummer, Edwin: Private, Co. P>, 21st Me. Died at Port 
Hudson, La., July 24, 1863. 

Pooler, Peter: Co. C, 28th Mass. Inf. Buried here. 

Pooler, Jos.: Private, 1st Me., Heavy Art. Died at Ports- 
mouth July 14, 1864, of wounds. 

Pooler, Ephraim : Private, Co. E, 30th Ale. Died at Water- 
ville, October 15, 186S. Buried here. 

Pooler, Henry: Private. Co. H, 30th Me. Died at New 
Orleans, July ir, 1864. 

Pooler, Jos. : Private, Co. E, 19th Me. Died here, January 
22), 1887. Buried here. 

Prescott, E. E. : 21st Me. Died here, April 18, 1874. Buried 
here. 

Proctor, Sumner B. : Private, Co. F, Me. Coast Guards. 
Died here, July 16. 1892. Buried here. 

Pullen, James Burney : Corporal, Co. E, 30th Me. Wounded 
at Pleasant Hill, La. Died in prison, April 29, 1864. 

Quimby, Albert : Private, 30th Me. Died on steamer en 
route to New Orleans and buried at sea, March 17, 1864. 

Ricker, James F. : Private, Co. G, 3rd Me. Died at Alex- 
andria, Va., Sept. II, 1861. 

Rodrick, Peter: Private, 19th Me. Killed on picket before 
Petersburg, November 12, 1864. 

Rice, Thos. G. : Lieutenant, 2nd Me. Cav. Buried here. 

Roberts, Winslow : Lieutenant, Co. L 14th Me. ; captain, Co. 
H, 14th Me. ; captain, Co. G, Maine Coast Guards. Died here, 
June 17, 1879. Buried here. 

Ronco, Jos. : Private, Co. K, 29th Me. Died in Waterville. 
Buried here. 

Richards, Jos. : Private, Co. B, 21st Me. Died here, March 
3, 1892. Buried here in Catholic cemetery. 

Ronco, Abram, 2nd : Private, Co. A, 9th Me. Died here, 
September 10, 1891. Buried here. 



172 HISTCIRY OF WATERVILLE. 

Ricliardson, Royal: P'rivatc, Co. B, 21st Me. Died here, 
September 20, 1863. 

Roderick, John : Private, Co. A, 20th Me. Died here, 
November 17, 1898. Buried here. 

Savage, Miner \V. : Corporal, 12th Mass. Killed at South 
Mountain, September 17, 1862. 

Simpson, Jos. D. : Corporal, Co. A, 20th Me. Killed at 
Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. 

Shepherd, Rich A. : Private, Co. C, 19th Me. Killed in the 
battle of the Wilderness, May 7, 1864. 

Stevens, \Vm. A.: Captain 16th Me. Killed near Peters- 
burg, June 19, 1864. Buried here. 

Stevens, Edwin C. : Sergeant major, i6lh Me. Killed at the 
Weldon Railroad, August 18, 1864. Buried here. 

Sawtelle, John R. : 3rd Me. Died August 18, 1862. Buried 
here. 

Scates, Edgar: Private, Co. A, 20th Me. Died at Portland, 
March 29, 1881. Buried here. 

Soule, Daniel A. : Private, Co. E, 16th Me. Died here, Octo- 
ber 13, 1883. Buried here. 

Stevens, Jason R. : Private, Co. D, 7th Me. Died in Water- 
ville, 1863. Buried here. 

Stevens, G. C : 26th Co. Unassigned. 

Saunders, Theodore O. : ist Sergeant, Co. G, 62nd HI. Died 
at Soldiers' Home at Togus, July 3, 1896. Buried here. 

Tilley, George M. : Private, Co. I, 31st Me. Died at 
Augusta, Me., April 2. 1864. 

Thayer. Adin B. : Private, Co. B, i6th Me. Taken prisoner 
at Weldon Railroad, August 18, 1S64. Died at Salisbury prison. 

Tallouse, Martin : Private, i6th Me. Wounded and missing 
at battle of Weldon Railroad, October t8, 1864. 

Tozier, Henry E. : Captain. Co. I, 8th Me. Killed at Fort 
Holly, Spring Hill, Va., December 10, 1864. Buried there. 

Tozier, Albert F. : Private. Co. H, nth Me. Died at Water- 
ville, March 13, 1865. Buried here. 

Tozier, W. M.: Private, Co. E, 30th Me. Died at Pleasant 
Hill, La., of wounds, December i, 1864. Buried here. 

We.st, Wallace W. : Hospital lieutenant, 8th Me. Died here, 
February 5, 1862. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLS. 173 

Wyman, \Vm. W. : Sergeant, 3rd and 21st Me. Died of 
wounds received at Port Hudson, June i, 1863. 

Woodman, Erastus D. : Corporal, 14th U. S. I. Died at 
Washington under surgeon's hands while undergoing amputa- 
tion of his leg. 

Wheeler, George 1,. : Private, Co. G, 3rd Me. Killed at 
Chantilly, September i, 1862. 

West, James O. : Private, 31st Me. Died at Fredericksburg, 
May 23, 1864, of wounds. 

Wilson, John B. : Surgeon, 96th U. S. C. I. Died at Dexter, 
March 15, 1866. Buried here. 
Washburn, John N. : No record. 

Wheeler, John M. : Private, Co. G, i6th Me. Wounded at 
Fredericksburg, December 13. Died December 18, 1862. 

White, Henry: 2nd Battery, ist Mounted Artillery; ist 
Cavalry. 

Young. Eben W. : Private, 3rd Me. Died in prison at 
Columbus, Ga., March 26, 1864. 

Young, Eugene H. : Co. H, 3rd Me. Died here, February 
19, 1893. 

Young, Roscoe G. : Private, Co. H, 3rd Me. Died at York- 
town, Va., April 22, 1862. 

The long years come and go, 

And the Past, 
The sorrowful, splendid Past, 
With its glory and its woe, 
Seems never to have been. 
***** + * 

Seems never to have been ? 

O sombre days and grand, 

How ye crowd back again, 
Seeing our heroes' graves are green. 

Tears will well to our eyes, 

And the bitter doubt will rise — 

But hush ! for the strife is done. 

Forgiven are wound and scar; 

The fight was fought and won 

Long since, on sea and shore, 

And every scattered star 

Set in the blue once more ; 

We are one as before. 

With the blot from our scutcheon gone ! 



174 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

The writer began more than four years ago, the preparation of 
a Hst of the soldiers who served in the Civil War from the town 
of W'aterville : intending to print the same for distribution among 
our citizens. 

It has been a fascinating pursuit, a labor of love ; better, a 
tribute to the living and the dead of our brave volunteers. 

In the pursuit of detailed information in regard to the military 
record of different soldiers, inquiry developed interesting statis- 
tics in regard to previous wars in which this country has been 
engaged and in which citizens of Waterville bore a part. These 
have accumulated until they cover something of the details of 
the Revolutionary War. the War of 1812, the Aroostook War, 
the Mexican War, the War of the Rebellion, the War with Spain 
and the Phillipine War. All too long, the preservation of prec- 
ious material has been delayed. What has been secured the 
writer hopes will prove of interest if printed here. 

Sixty years ago, more than a score of Revolutionary soldiers 
lived here, who carried all the material in their memory, for a 
record of their lives. 

Fifty years ago the War of 1812 could have been intelligently 
rehearsed by men living. The same is true of the Mexican. 
The facts, so important historically and so difficult of proof 
to-day, were rehearsed for years by men whose memory was 
better than books. 

Survivors of the Civil War, who went from Waterville, are 
scattered far and wide over the length and breadth of this coun- 
try and will never return. 

The feeling of the writer has been, that it was a duty someone 
owed to the boys of '61 ; the least of whom, from here, took his 
life in his hind with his rifle, and living or dead deserves a 
record. 

The simple alphabetical list indicates little of the labor required 
to perfect it, or the great expense of research, copying and 
rccopying, tyi)ewriting and material. It is not claimed to-day 
as perfect, but perfection has been aimed at, and if anyone who 
is interested can discover an error, the writer will be grateful for 
information. 

The list contains the name of every soldier who enlisted from 
Waterville, or who having been born and reared here, left home,, 
and when war was declared enlisted in another town or state. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 175 

The writer trusts the citizens af Waterville will appreciate the 
list and the labor. 

Grateful acknowledgments are tendered to the very able and 
soldierly Adjutant General John T. Richards, and his chief clerk, 
Thomas Clark, for valuable information and careful revision of 
the list, as well as to the courteous Colonel F. C. Ainsworth, 
chief. Record and Pension ofifice of the war department, for valu- 
able advice and prompt and painstaking replies to all inquiries. 

Much kindness has also been shown the writer by Hon. Wm. 
M. Olin, secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, to 
whom thanks are due for Civil \^''ar and Revolutionary records. 



Waterville Soldiers in the War of the Rebellion. 

Aderton, Wm. H., 13th Infantry, volunteer; Alexander, Geo. 
E., 1st Cavalry, volunteer; Allen, Manley, 19th Infantry, substi- 
tute; Allen, Benjamin C, 14th Massachusetts, volunteer; Atkin- 
son, Leroy, 7th Infantry, volunteer ; Atwood, Chas. R., 32nd 
Infantry, volunteer; Avery, John, 21st Infantry, volunteer. 

Bacon, Chas., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Bacon, John H., 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer; Bacon, W. H., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Bacon, James R., 7th Infantry, volunteer ; Bacon, George, 7th 
Infantry, volunteer; Bagley, Alexander, 19th Infantry, substi- 
tute; Balentine, William, i6th Infantry, volunteer; Balentine, 
Elijah, 4th Massachusetts, volunteer; Bangs, I. S., 20th Infantry, 
volunteer ; Barney, Henry, 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Barrett, Wm. 
K., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Bartlett, Nelson G., Coast Guards, 
volunteer ; Basford, Andrew J., 19th Infantry, drafted ; Bates, 
David, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Bates, Geo. W., U. S. Navy, 
volunteer ; Bates, John H., 20th Infantry, volunteer ; Bates, Wm. 
F., i6th Infantry, volunteer ; Benson, Geo. T., 3rd Infantry, 
volunteer; Bickford, Levi S., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Bickford, 
Bennett, 30th Infantry, volunteer ; Bickford. Cyrus, 20th Infan- 
try, volunteer; Billings, Hiram. 13th Infantrj', volunteer; Black, 
Portal M., 7th Infantry, volunteer; Blackstone, Daniel, 8th 
Infantry, volunteer ; Blackstone, Daniel, 31st Infantry, volunteer ; 
Blackstone, Chas. H., 32nd Infantry, volunteer; Blackstone, Geo. 
C, 32 Infantry, volunteer; Blackwell, Sam'l H., 52nd Massachu- 
setts, volunteer; Blair, John, i6th Infantry, substitute; Blake, 



ijfi histdrv of waterville. 

Geo. A. E., 8th Infantry, volunteer; Bodfish, Frank, 2ist Infan- 
try, volunteer; Boothby, Warren, .yst Infantry, volunteer; Bow, 
Horace, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Bowden, Henry H., 21st Infan- 
try, volunteer; Bowlett, Frederic, 21st Infantry, volunteer; Bow- 
man, Geo. W., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Brackett, Orrin, 6th Bat- 
tery, volunteer; Branch, Milton M., ist D. C. Cavalry and 1st 
Cavalry, volunteer; Branch, Chas. H., U. S. Navy, substitute; 

Branch, Elisha R., U. S. Navy, substitute : Bray, Robert, 

substitute; Brooks, \Xm. E., l6th Infantry, volunteer; Brown, 
James, 1st Cavalry, volunteer; Brown, Wm. W., 15th Infantry, 
volunteer ; Bryant, Geo. H., Coast Guards, volunteer ; Bubier, 
John, 20th Infantry, substitute; Burns, John W., 19th Infantry, 
substitute; Bushey, Levi, 8th Infantry, volunteer; Bussford, 
Andrew J., 19th Infantry, drafted ; Butler, Thomas, 8th Infantry, 
volunteer. 

Caldcr, John G., ist Veteran Infantry, substitute; Campbell, 
Augustus, 19th Infantry, substitute ; Carey, Joseph, 7th Infantry, 
volunteer; Carson, Chas. J., ist Cavalry, volunteer; Cayouette, 
Levi, 30th Infantry, volunteer ; Chandler, Henry A., i6th Infan- 
try, substitute; Chapman, Wm., 8th Infantry, volunteer; Chase, 
George, 19th Infantry, substitute; Chick, Isaac, 15th Infantry, 
volunteer; Clark, Albert M., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Clark, 
Charles, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Clark, Isaac W., 20th Infantry, 
volunteer; Clark, Lorenzo D., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Clifford, 
Selden I., 2ist Infantry, volunteer; Clukey, Chas. H., 13th Infan- 
try, volunteer; Cochran, Robert, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Coch- 
ran, Andrew, 31st Infantry, volunteer; Cochran, Hiram, 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer; Cook, Moses W., i6th Infantry, volunteer; 
Copp, Alonzo, 5th Pensylvania Reserves and 19th Regiment 
Pensylvania Volunteers, volunteer ; Copp, Wm. H., 3rd Infantry, 
volunteer; Corson, Albert, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Cousens, 
Prentiss I\L, 12th Infantry, volunteer; Cross, Chas. E., i6th 
Infantry, volunteer; Cross, Carlostine, I7lh Infantry, substitute; 
Cross, Joseph, i6th Infantry, substitute; Crowell, Henry, 3rd 
Infantry, vohuiteer; Crowell, Baxter, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Cummings, Walter L., 15th Infantry, volunteer; Cunningham, 
Francis M., 13th Infantry, volunteer; Curtis, James M., 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer; Cushman. .Vndrew J., 8th Infantry, volun- 
teer. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 177 

Davis, Arba P., 31st Infantry, volunteer; Davis, Daniel B., 
9th Infantry, volunteer; Davis, Geo. W., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Davis, Octavus A., D. C. Cavalry, volunteer; Day, John R., 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer; Day, Isaac C, 20th Infantry, volunteer; 
Dearborn, Geo. H., 19th Infantry, volunteer; Deleware, Geo., 
30th Infantry, volunteer; Derocher, Chas. W., 3rd Infantry, 
volunteer; Derocher, Henry, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; DeWolf, 
Wm. H., 1st Heavy Artillery, volunteer; Dore, Henry A., 19th 
Infantry, substitute; Dow, Levi A., 21st Infantry, volunteer; 
Downes, Geo. A., 19th Infantry, substitute; Drake, Nelson, V. 
S. ; Dusty. Frank, 31st Infantry, volunteer; Dusty, James, 8th 
Infantry, volunteer ; Dyer, Hadley P., 3rd and 21st Infantry, vol- 
unteer ; Dyer. James A., U. S. Navy, substitute. 

Eames, Luther N., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Ellis, Luther, 6th 
Battery, volunteer; Ellis, Stephen, 21st Infantry, volunteer; 
Ellis, Sullivan. 21st Infantry, volunteer; Ellis, Dighton, ist 
Maine \'eteran Infantry, volunteer; Emery, Fanuel H., 20th 
Infantry, volunteer; Emery, John W., 26th Massachusetts, vol- 
unteer; Emery, Nath'l S., D. C. Cavalry, volunteer; Emery, 
Samuel D.. 14th Massachusetts, volunteer; Enman, Paul, 30th 
Infantry, volunteer; Euarde, Paulette, 9th Infantry, volunteer; 
Evans, Leander H., 8th Infantry, substitute. 

Fairbanks, Henry L., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Fairbanks, 
Henry N.. 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Farrington, Chas. A., 31st 
Infantry, volunteer; Fenno, Chas. A., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Fish, Hiram, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Folsom, Samuel P., ist 
Infantry, volunteer ; Foster, Dennis M., 20 Infantry, volunteer ; 
Frazier, Dudley C, 1st Heavy Artillery, volunteer; Frizzle, Geo. 
B., Coast Guards, volunteer ; Frost, Henry M., 7th Infantry, 
volunteer ; Fuller, Franklin Z., U. S. Navy, substitute. 

Galusha. Cyrus C, 13th Infantry, volunteer; Garland, John, 
Jr.. 2ist Infantry, volunteer; Garney, George, ist Cavalry, vol- 
imteer ; Gayrough, George, 7th Infantry, volunteer; Gerald, 
Ezekiel, 20th Infantry, volunteer ; Gerough, Joseph, 30th Infan- 
try, volunteer; Getchell, Frank H., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Getchell, Geo. C, 20th Infantry, volunteer; Getchell, Marshall 
P., gth Infantry, volunteer; Gibbs, John F., 31st Infantry and 



178 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

i6th Massachusetts, volunteer; Gibbs, Thomas A., i6th Infantry, 
voUinteer; Gibbs, David B., 14th Infantry, volunteer; Gibbs, 
David B., Jr., 14th Infantry, volunteer; Gibbs, John F., i6th 
Massachusetts, volunteer; Gilbear, Chas., 7th Infantry, volun- 
teer; Gilcott, Frank, 31st Infantry, volunteer; Gleason, Russell, 
2ist Infantry, volunteer; Gleason, Geo. R., 21st Infantry, volun- 
teer; Goff, Alonzo, 2ist Infantry, volunteer; Goflf, Alonzo, 31st 
Infantry, volunteer; Gonnea, Geo., 9th Infantry, volunteer; 
Goodrich, Daniel, drafted ; Goodridge, Foster, 1st Veteran Infan- 
try, volunteer; Goodwin, John F., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Gordon, Edmund, 2nd Infantry, volunteer; Goulding, Henry, 
3rd Infantry, volunteer; Gray, Albert J., 19th Infantry, substi- 
tute ; Gullifer, Moses H., D. C. Cavalry, volunteer. 

Haines, Samuel J., Lieutenant U. S. Navy, volunteer; Ham, 
Wm. H., 31st Infantry, volunteer; Hamblen, Samuel, 3rd Infan- 
try, volunteer; Hanuth, John H., \'. S., volunteer; Haskell, 
Frank W., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Hatch, Frederick C., t). C. 
Cavalry, volunteer ; Hatch, Joseph H., 20th Infantry, volunteer ; 
Hatch, Wm. A., 3rd Infantry; volunteer; Havves, Wilson, 19th 
Infantry, substitute; Heath, Wm. S., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Heath, Francis E., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Henrickson, Chas. 
A., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Herbert, Edward B., ist Maine 
Cavalry, volunteer ; Herbert, Thos. G., U. S. Navy, substitute ; 
Herrick, Algernon P., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Hersom, Milford, 
3rd Infantry; volunteer; Hersom, Samuel T., 21st Infantry, vol- 
imteer; Hersom, Wm. H., 21st Infantry, volunteer; Hesseltine, 
Frank S., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Higgins, Albert H., 1st Cav- 
alry, volunteer; Hill, George, substitute; Hitchings, Frank E., 
i6th Infantry, volunteer; Hodgdon, John S., nth Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Horn, Hiram, 17th Infantry; drafted; Horn, Llewellyn, 
15th Infantry, volunteer; Houghton, Daniel F., i6th Infantry, 
volunteer; Howes, Wilson, 19th Infantry, volunteer; Huard, 
Paul, 9th Infantry, volunteer ; Hubbard, Albro, 3rd Infantry, 
volunteer: Hubbard, Geo. W., 21st Infantry, volunteer; Hub- 
bard, John W., 2ist Infantry, volunteer; Hutchins, Parker P., 
20th Infantry, volunteer. 

James, Isaiah H., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; James, John O., 
U. S. Navy, volunteer ; Jibbear, Chas., 7th Infantry ; volunteer ; 



HISTORY 01'' VVATERVILLE. 179 

Jones, Geo. J., 21st Infantry, volunteer ; Joy, Wm. P., 19th Infan- 
try, volunteer. 

Keene, Josiah T., iith Infantry, volunteer ; Keith, Sidney, 20th 
Infantry, volunteer; Kendall, Chas., 14th Infantry; volunteer; 
King, Moses, 21st Infantry, volunteer; King, John, 20th Infan- 
try, volunteer; Kirby, John J., volunteer; Knox, Sylvester, 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer; Knox, William, 15th Infantry, volunteer; 
Knox, Sylvanus, 19th Infantry, volunteer. 

Lachanse, Veidal, i6th Infantry, volunteer; Lashus, Geo., 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer ; Latlip, Gott, 29th Infantry, volunteer ; Lat- 
lip, Geo., 7th Infantry, volunteer; Leonard, Henry C, 3rd Infan- 
try, (chaplain), volunteer; Lewis, Solomon B., 3rd Infantry, 
volunteer; Lewis, David J., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Lewis, 
Addison W., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Libby, Henry H., sub- 
stitute; Libby, Albert L., 6th Infantry, volunteer; Littlefield, 
Geo., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; London, Chas. W., V. S. ; Lore, 
Wm., i6th Infantry, substitute ; Love, Chas., 20th Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Low, Edw. C, 13th Infantry, volunteer; Lowe, Edw. C, 
3rd Infantry, volunteer; Lowe, Chas. W., 3rd Infantry, volun- 
teer; Lowe, Wm. H., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Lowe, Franklin 
B., D. C. Cavalry, volunteer ; Lowell, A. M., U. S. Navy, substi- 
tute; Lubier, Gott, 8th Infantry, volunteer; Lyford, Chas. F., 
i6th Infantry, volunteer; Lyford, James M., i6th Infantry, 
volunteer. 

Maines, Geo., Jr., \J. S. Navy, substitute; Mains, Graham, 
U. S. A., volunteer ; Manton, Wm. H., 32nd Massachusetts, vol- 
unteer ; Marshall, Joseph, 30th Infantry, volunteer ; Marston, 
Watson, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Martin, Daniel E., 15th Infan- 
try, volunteer; Mason, Fred T., nth Infantry, volunteer; Maury, 
Joseph, i6th Infantry, volunteer; Maxham, Geo. M., 5th Infan- 
try, volunteer; Merchant, Harrison, i6th Infantry, volunteer; 
Merrill, Chas. W., Hancock's Corps, volunteer ; Merton, Ernest, 
19th Infantry, substitute ; Messer, John N., 7th Infantry, volun- 
teer ; Messer, Orrin, 7th Infantry, volunteer ; Messer, Alvin, 7th 
Infantry, volunteer; Messer, Eugene P., 30th Infantry, volun- 
teer; McCartney, Wm. H., 21st Infantry, vohmteer; McDonald, 
Hugh, Sharpshooters, volunteer ; McDonald, Dugald, 31st Infan- 
try, volunteer ; McFadden, Michael, 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; 



l8o HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

McGilvery, John, i6th Infantry, volunteer ; McGrath, Daniel, 
29th Infantry, volunteer ; Mclntire, Geo. A., 3rd Infantry, vol- 
unteer ; McLaughlin, Timothy, 20th Infantry, volunteer; Morri- 
son, John, 19th Infantry, substitute; Mosher, Francis B., 21st 
Infantry, volunteer; Mosher, Madison, 21st Infantry, volunteer; 
Morton, Wm. H., 32nd Massachusetts, volunteer; Murphy, 
Chas. D., V. S. ; Murray, Louis, 16th Infantry, volunteer ; Muz- 
zey, Geo. E.. 20th Infantry, volunteer ; Muzzey, Geo. E.. 7th 
Infantry, drafted. 

Newland, Wm. H., 21st Infantry, volunteer; Xickerson, 
Hczekiah, 1st Cavalry, volunteer; Nock, Sylvanus, 6th Battery, 
volunteer; Noyes, Alonzo, 5th Infantry, volunteer. 

Oliver, Frank H., 15th Infantry, volunteer; Oliver. Fayette, 
3rd Infantry, volunteer. 

Paige, Ezekiel, Jr., 14th Infantry, volunteer ; Parker, John 11., 
nth Infantry, substitute ; Parker, Benj., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; 
Pattee, Orlando J., 21st Infantry, volunteer; Pattee, Orlando I., 
Coast Guards, volunteer; Peasley, Richard, 21st Infantry, vol- 
unteer: Peavey, John M., 9th Infantry, volunteer; Peavy, Wm. 
D., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Penney, Chas. H., 21st Infantry, 
volunteer; Penney, Ira D., 31st Infantry, volunteer; Penney, 
Everett A., 19th Infantry, volunteer; Penney, Wm. W., 15th 
Infantry, volunteer; Penney, Peltiah, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Penney, Joseph M., 7th Infantry, volunteer; Percival, Edw. S., 
3rd Infantry, volunteer; Percival, Albert W., U. S. A., volun- 
teer ; Percival, Henry H., U. S. A., volunteer ; Percival, Geo. G., 
80th U. S. C. I., volunteer; Perkins, James L., 21st Infantry, 
volunteer; Perley, Richard, 21st Infantry, volunteer; Perley, 
Nathaniel, 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Perley, Henry J., 3rd Infan- 
try, volunteer ; Perry, George, 8th Infantry, volunteer ; Perry, 
Chas., 8th Infantry, volunteer; Perry, James, 3rd Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Perry, Joseph, 3rd Infantry, vokmteer; Perry, David, 
7th Infantry, volunteer; Phelps, Wm. H., 13th Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Pinkham, Andrew, 21st Infantry, volunteer; Plaisted, 
James H., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Plummer, Edwin, 21st 
Infantrv, volunteer; Plummer, John H., 6th Battery, volunteer; 
Pooler, Henrv, 30th Infantry, volunteer; Pooler, Gott 7th Infan- 
try, volunteer ; Pooler, Ephriam, 30th Infantry, volunteer ; 



HISTORY OF WATERVir.LE. lOl 

Pooler, Joseph, ist Heavy Artillery, volunteer; Pooler, Joseph, 
i6th Infantrv, volunteer ; Pooler, George, 29th Infantry, volun- 
teer ; Porter, John, 9th Infantry, volunteer ; Porter, Andrew H., 
6th P)attery, volunteer; Preo, Peter, 8th Infantry, volunteer; 
Prescott, Edmund, E., 21st Infantry, volunteer; Preson, Thos. 
E., Hancocks Corps, volunteer ; Pulsifer, Alexander, W., i6th 
Infantry, volunteer: Pullen, Frank D., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; 
Pullen, James Rurney, 30th Infantry, volunteer. 

Quimbv, Clement, 5th Infantry, volunteer ; Quimby, Albert, 
30th Infantry, volunteer. 

Ranco. Moses, 8th Infantry, volunteer ; Ranco, Abram, 9th 
Infantry, volunteer; Ranco, George, 31st Infantry, volunteer; 
Ranco, Joseph, loth Infantry, volunteer ; Rankins, Lucius, 8th 
Infantry, volunteer : Rankins, William, 20th Infantry, volun- 
teer ; Ray, Robert, U. S. Navy, substitute ; Richards, Joseph, 
2ist Infantry, volunteer; Ricker, James F., 3rd Infantry, volun- 
teer ; Roderick, John, 20th Infantry, volunteer ; Roderick, Peter, 
19th Infantry, volunteer ; Rodgers, Edwin J., substitute ; Ronco, 
Frank, 29th Infantry, volunteer; Rowan, David, V. S. ; 
Rowe. Elisha M., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Rowe, Welcome, 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer; Rowe, Addison H., 9th Infantry, volunteer; 
Roy, Lorenzo D., nth Infantry, substitute. 

Sands, Joseph, U. S. Navy, substitute ; Sawyer, James A., 
unassigned, volunteer; Savage, Stephen D., 17th Infantry, 
drafted; Savage, Miner W., 12th Massachusetts; Scammon, 
George S., nth Infantry, volunteer; Scates, Edgar, 20th Infan- 
try, volunteer ; Shaw, Resolvo, 20th Infantry, volunteer ; Shep- 
herd, Alfred, 21st Infantry, volunteer; Shepherd, Richard A., 
19th Infantry, drafted ; Sherburn, Jacob, 3rd Infantry, volun- 
teer; Shorey, Chas. R., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Shorey, Chas. 
R., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Sharp, Wm. J., 5th Battery; Simp- 
son, Joseph D., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Small, Abner R., 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer; Smart, John M., 21st Infantry, volunteer; 
Smart, John M., Coast Guards, volunteer ; Smiley, Albert R., 
20th Infantry, volunteer ; Smiley, Chas. N., 20th Infantry, vol- 
unteer ; Smiley, Frank O., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Smith, 
James P., i6th Infantry, volunteer; Smith, Lemuel H., 3rd 
Infantry, volunteer ; Smith, Allen, V. S., volunteer ; Soule, 



l82 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Martin B.. i6th Infantry, volunteer: Soiile, John W., i6th 
Massachusetts, volunteer; Soule. Josiah, 20th Infantry, volun- 
teer; Soule, Daniel A., 20th Infantry, volunteer; Southard, 
Cyrus, 2nd Cavalry, volunteer; Spaulding, Nathan F., 15th 
Infantry, volunteer; Stevens, William A., i6th Infantry, volun- 
teer; Stevens, Gilbert G., 26th Co. Infantry, unassigned; 
Stevens, Jason R., 7th Infantry, volunteer; Stevens, Wm. H., 
20th Infantry, volunteer ; Stevens, Edwin C, i6th Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Stuart, Chas. H., 31st Infantry, volunteer; Sturtevant, 
Reward A.. 20th Infantry, volunteer. 

Tallouse, John, 3rd Infantry, volunteer : Tallouse, ^Martin, 
l6th Infantry, volunteer; Thayer, Samuel J., 21st Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Thayer, Welcome, 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Thayer, 
Adin B., i6th Infantry, volunteer: Thing, Henry A., 3rd Infan- 
try, volunteer; Thing, Chas. W., 1st Infantry, volunteer; Thing, 
Chas. W., 14th Infantry, volunteer; Thing, George S., 1st Dis- 
trict of Columbia Cavalry and 1st Cavalry, volunteer; Thomas, 
John P. H., 2nd Cavalry, volunteer; Thomas, David S., i6th 
Infantry, volunteer; Thompson, James, 9th Infantry, volunteer; 
Thompson, Asa L., 4th Battery, volunteer; Thorn, James H., 
1st District of Columbia Cavalry and 1st Cavalry, volunteer; 
Tilley, Geo. M., 31st Infantry, volunteer; Tozer, Henry M., 
20th Infantry, volunteer ; Tozier. Walter N., 30th Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Tozier, Albert F., nth Infantry, volunteer; Tozier, 
Henry E., 8th Infantry, volunteer : Tracy, Geo. C, 5th Battery 
R. R. ; Trask, Alexander, 21st Infantry, volunteer; Trask, 
Elbridge, Coast Guards, volunteer. 

Vigue, Levi, 1st Cavalry, volunteer; Vigue. Levi, 31st Infan- 
try, volunteer. 

Ward. N. A., 17th Infantry, drafted; Watson. Andrew P., 
2ist Infantry, volunteer; Welch, Moses A., 31st Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Welch, James B., 1st District of Columbia Cavalry and 
1st Cavalry, volunteer; Wells, Howard W^, i6th Infantry, vol- 
unteer; West, Wallace W., 8th Infantry, volunteer; West, 
James O., 31st Infantry, volunteer; W"heeler, Geo. L., 3i:d 
Infantry, volunteer; Wheeler, John N., i6th Infantry, volun- 
teer; White, Henry, 1st Cavalry, volunteer; Williams, Andrew 
J., 14th Rhode Island Heavy Artillery, volunteer ; Wilson, Geo. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLfi. 183 

A. 2ist Infantry, volunteer; Wilson, John B., 96th U. S. C. I., 
volunteer; Wingate, Henry, T4th Infantry, volunteer; Winslow, 
Hiram C, 21st Infantry, volunteer; Witham, Albert B., 4th 
Battery, volunteer ; Woodbury, David, 3rd Uns. Co., R. R. ; 
Woodman, Alvin B., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Woodman, Eras- 
tus W., 14th Infantry, United States Army, volunteer; Wyman, 
Wm. W., 3rd Infantry, volunteer ; Wyman, Hiram, Coast 
Guards, volunteer ; Wyman, Hiram R., gth Infantry, volunteer : 
Wyman, Increase, 2nd Cavalry, volunteer; Wyman, W. W., 
2ist Infantry, volunteer; Wyman, Hiram, 21st Infantry, vol- 
unteer. 

Young, Eugene H., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Young, Roscoe 
G., 3rd Infantry, volunteer; Young, Eben W., 3rd Infantry, vol- 
unteer; Young, Laroy, F., 30th Infantry, volunteer; Young, 
John M., 7th Infantry, volunteer. 

Waterville furnished 525 soldiers during the Civil War, 
according to Adjutant-General's Report (page 24-1864-5) and 
yet the above list includes every name that can be found in town 
or State records, and numbers but 421. 

The great discrepancy between these figures and the credits 
allowed this town by the Adjutant-General, occurs in several 
ways : 

First : Many non-residents and foreigners were enlisted and 
credited on the town's quota whose enlistment papers would 
show some other residence, and would thus only count in the 
summary of town credits. 

Second : A further discrepancy is caused by the commis- 
sioners of equalization refusing to credit the town ; men orig- 
inally placed to their credit, and in refusing to credit commis- 
sioned officers. 

All calls for men bv the President prior to July 2nd, 1862, were 
filled by voluntary enlistments, promiscuously ; cities, towns and 
plantations not being called upon to furnish their proportional 
number of the State's allotment. 

Men enlisting prior to July 2nd, 1862, were not credited upon 
the quota of any city or town in the State, but were simply placed 
upon the lists of names and classified to the cities and towns in 
which thev resided. 



184 HISTORY OF WATKKVII.LE. 

Maine furnished more than her allotment of men under the 
President's calls in 1861 and had great difficulty in inducing the 
Government to accept two of her regiments of infantry and the 
1st Maine Cavalry. Waterville furnished more than her share, 
but never received any credit for the excess. 

Of the list furnished the commissioners of equalization by the 
municipal officers of Waterville, they allowed 171 three years 
men, i two years man, 50 one year men, 42 nine months men. 

Making a total of 264 men subsequent to July 2, 1862, and 
allowed a credit for same of $19,883.33. 

Third : The town secured an additional credit for each re-en- 
listment, while but one name appears for the two. 

Fourth : The twenty-six '"paper men" for which Joseph Per- 
cival, 1st selectman, paid $11,050, and ten "paper men" for which 
Mr. Percival paid $4,250. As this brings up the whole corrup- 
tion of the "Paper credit" scandal, some explanation is necessary. 

W'hen the question of strengthening the armies of the Union 
was a simple one, of life or death with the Government, substi- 
tute brokers appeared in Augusta with lists of names which they 
claimed were those of men already in service not assigned to any 
quota. 

These were offered to officers and agents of the towns and 
municipalities of Maine who were looking for lueti to fill their 
quota and re-inforce our depleted regiments. \Miere these sub- 
stitute brokers obtained these lists of names ; by what villainous 
connivance and corruption the necessary authority was procured 
to enable the proper officers to certify officially to municipal offi- 
cers on their quotas, hundreds of names of men never enlisted, — 
without residence as required by law, without date of enlist- 
ment ; — to certify even to two, ten or twenty recruits to a town 
without any names, — will never be known ! 

No one will ever know how much money the cities and 
towns of Maine were swindled out of by these ghouls of living 
and dead soldiers, because no one will ever know how many 
"paper men" were sold to them ; but the commissioners, report 
"an aggregate of 1,380 after deducting the 251 said to have been 
gratuitously distributed by the Governor of Maine." 

Mr. Pike, the member of Congress from the 5th District, 
speaking in the debate in the National House of Representatives 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 1 85 

in February, 1865, on this matter, said : "But worse than this ; 
credits have been given by these states when no men have ez'er 
been furnished, anyzvhere, by anybody." 

"Bold frauds ! Paper men have been substituted for sailors, 
and up to this time fifty per cent, more sailors have been credited 
to the diflferent states than there are in the navy altogether." 

Under the President's call of April 15, 1861, for 75,000 militia 
for three months, the quota of Maine was 780 ; men furnished, 

771- 

Call of May 2. 1861, for 500,000 men, quota of Maine was 
17,560; men furnished for three years, 18,104. 

Call of July 2, 1862, for 300,000 men for three years, quota of 
Maine, 9,609: men furnished, 6,644. 

Call of August 4, 1862, for 300,000 militia for nine months : 
Quota of Maine, 9,609 ; men furnished, 7,620. 

Calls of October 17, 1863, (embracing men raised by draft of 
1863) and February i, 1864, for 500,000 for three years : Quota 
of Maine, 11,803; -^I^ri furnished, 11,958; paid commutation, 
1,986; total, 13,944. 

Call of March 14, 1864, for 200,000 men for three years : 
Quota of Maine, 4,721 ; men furnished, 7,042. 

Call of July 18, 1864, for 500.000 men (reduced by excess of 
credits on previous calls) : Quota of Maine, 11,116; men fur- 
nished, 11,042; paid commutation, 11; total, 11,053. 

Call of December 19, 1864, for 300,000 men : Quota of 
Maine, 8,389 ; men furnished, 6,936. 

Under these eight calls there were furnished by the different 
states and territories more men than were ever put into the field 
by any nation in the history of the world, as will be seen by the 
following summary : 
(i) Total number of men furnished during the war 

(credUs) 2,778,304 

To army 2.672.341 

To navy 105,963 

(2) Estimated total number of re-enlistments 564.939 

In army 543-393 

In navy 21,546 

(3) Estimated total number of desertions 121,806 



l86 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

From army 1 1 7.247 

From navy 4,649 

(4) Total number of deaths 364,116 

Tn armv 359-528 

In navy 4.588 

(5) Estimated total number of individuals in ser- 

vice 2.213,365 

In army 2,128,948 

In navy 84.417 

(6) Estimated total number of survivors at termin- 

ation of service (deserters excluded) 1,727,353 

In army 1,652,173 

In navy 75.180 

Estimated total number of survivors (deserters 

excluded) June 30, 1902 930,380 

Estimated average age of survivors at close of the 

war 28 years. 

According to the mortality tables, 355,091 have died since 
1890, and the average mortality will be about the same until the 
year 1925, although the percentage among the survivors rapidly 
increases. 

In 19.30 there will remain 37,033 ; in 1935 there will remain 
6,296; in 1940 there will remain 340; in 1945 there will be no 
survivor of the War of the Rebellion. 



TOTAL NUMBER OF MEN FURNISHED BY THE STATE OF MAINE 
DURING THE WAR. 

In 1861. 
15 Regiments Infantry, i Cavalry, 6 Batteries Mounted 
Artillery, i Company Sharpshooters, 3 Companies 
for Coast Fortifications, Recruits, etc 16.669 

In 1862. 
12 Regiments Infantry, 1 Regiment Heavy Artillery. 

Recruits, etc 1 5.690 

In 1863. 
2 Regiments Infantry. 2 Cavalry, i Battery of Artillery, 

Volunteers and Drafted men 10,223 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 1 87 

In 1864-5. 
2 Regiments Infantry, 30 Companies Unassigned Infan- 
try, 6 Companies Sharpshooters, 3 Companies 
Coast Guards, Drafted men and Navy 30,363 



72,945 

Maine sent this great army of her sons to the field, sealed with 

the traditions of their ancestors for courage and devotion ; boys 

half of them, who passed straight from their mother's arms to 

the embrace of war. 

There they left more than 7,000 of their number in known and 
unknown graves, among the hills and valleys of the South ; 
buried where they fell ; buried from the hospitals in camp and 
field or from the great hospitals of the cities, despite the devotion 
of heroic women ; buried from the prison pens of the South, 
where they perished so miserably of exposure, starvation, deli- 
rium and despair ; husbands, fathers, lovers, sons, comrades, 
friends ; the patriotic, the brave, the true. 

They are our uncalendared heroes. The language of their 
lives is written in the annals of our country. They helped with 
point of sword or bayonet to pen a chapter in American history 
that will be read while patriotism is honored or liberty cherished. 

Lowell speaks of the heroes of the Civil War as marching 
"on a shining track 



heroes mustered in a gleaming row. 

Beautiful evermore, and with the rays 

Of morn on their white shields of expectation." 



BOUXTIE?. 

The 1st Regiment of Infantry was enlisted for two years, 
though mustered into the United States service for three months 
only. The $22 bounty was paid to this organization. The 2nd 
Regiment of Infantry was enlisted and mustered into the United 
States service for two years, and received only the same State 
bounty as the ist Regiment. Having originally some two hun- 
dred more men than the First, and recruits who enlisted when 
large bounties were paid, the aggregate amount of State bounty 
paid it, is much more than that to the First. 



l88 HISTORY OF WATERVIl.LE. 

The 3rd. 4th, 5tli, 6th, 7th, 8th and Qth Regiments of Infantry 
were enlisted and mustered into the United States service for 
three years. They received the $22 State bounty at their muster 
into service. The re-inlisted men and some recruits of 1864 for 
those regiments received $300 State bounty. Recruits of 1862 
and 1863 for those regiments received $55 State bounty. 

The loth Regiment was designed to be a re-organization of 
the 1st Regiment, which owed twenty-one months service to the 
government. The few men of the 1st Regiment who recognized 
their continuing hability to government under their enhstment, 
received no State bounty at the muster into United States ser- 
vice of this regiment : the remainder were paid the State bounty 
of $22. Fifty-five dollars State bounty was paid to recruits for 
three years service who were assigned to this regiment. 

The nth, I2th, 13th, 14th and 15th Regiments of Infantry 
received no State bounty whatever. The amounts exhibited as 
paid to them were received by their recruits and re-enlisted men, 
in sums of from $55 to $300. 

The i6th, 17th, i8th, 19th and 20th Regiments of Infantry 
were paid a State bounty of $45. Recruits for these regiments 
were paid from $55 to $300 State bounty, except the i8th, which 
early ceased to exist as an infantry organization, and became the 
1st Heavy Artillery, the recruits for which, as will be seen, were 
paid less than $100,000, mostly in S55 bounties. 

The 2ist, 22nd, 23rd, 24th, 25th, 26th, 27th and 28th Regi- 
ments of Infantry were enlisted and mustered into the United 
States service for nine months, and were paid no State bounty. 

The 29th and 30th Regiments of Infantry received Si 00 State 
bounty. 

The 31st and 32nd Regiments of Infantry were paid from $100 
to $300 State bounty, their organization extending over the 
period during which these widely varying State bounties of from 
$ioa to S300 were authorized. These regiments received but 
very few recruits. Two of the unassigned companies were 
incorporated into the 31st Regiment. 

The 1st Veteran Regiment of Infantry was composed largely 
of the recruits and re-enlisted men of the 5th, 6th and 7th Regi- 
ments of Infantry, who had recciveil from $55 to $300 State 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLH:. 1 89 

bounty. Enlistments in this regiment proper were paid from 
$100 to $300 State bounty. 

The 1st Regiment of Heavy Artillery is alluded to above. 

The 1st Regiment of Cavalry was paid no State bounty at its 
muster into the United States service. The amount shown was 
paid its recruits and re-enlisted men in State bounties of from 
$55 to $300 each. 

The 2nd Regiment of Cavalry was paid $ioo State bounty, 
generally, though some few of the men received more. Its 
organization was commenced with a State bounty of $ioo, but 
before it was mustered into the United States service. $300 was 
authorized. 

The 1st Regiment of D. C, or Baker's Cavalry, was being 
enlisted from the authorization of $55 bounties to those of $300, 
though most of the men were paid $100 State bounty. 

The first six batteries of Mounted Artillery received no bounty 
from the State. Their recruits and re-enlisted men were paid 
from $55 to $300 State bounty. 

The 7th Battery received from $100 to $300 State bounty. 

Coast Guards and unassigned companies received from $100 
to $300 State bounty. The most of these companies were 
assigned to regiments in the field. 

Hancock's Corps received $100 State bounty. 

1st Battalion Sharpshooters received from $100 to $300 State 
bounty. 

Co. D, 2nd Regiment U. S. Sharpshooters, received $22 State 
bounty, and recruits and re-enlisted men from $55 to $300 each. 
United States' organizations, and those of other states, received 
from $55 to $300 State bounty. 

The State paid for actual naval enlistments made subsequent 
to February 2, 1864, of our own citizens duly credited to locali- 
ties in this State, bounties of $100, $200 and $300, for one, two, 
or three years' service, except as stipulated in order of Novem- 
ber, 1864, confirmed by subsequent statute, that not exceeding 
$100 should be paid for any period of enlistment not less than 
one year, if place of recruit's credit had filled all calls without 
him. This order also applied to enlistments for land service in 
Maine organizations, as also for those of the government and 
other states. 



igO HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

All these State bounty payments were made only for new bona 
fide enlistments, when the enlistment contract, and descriptive 
and muster-in-rolls were duly filed in the adjutant general's 
office, and when entering organizations other than those of Maine 
volunteers, in addition to the foregoing papers, the place of credit 
in this State was duly certified by the proper officer having offi- 
cial knowledge of the enlistment and credit. 

Citizens of this State enlisted in the navy to the credit of local- 
ities herein, subsequent to February 2, 1864, though credited only 
by the "commission," were paid State bounty under the statute 
if, in addition to the receipts in duplicate invariably required, the 
enlistment and other papers above specified were filed in the 
adjutant general's office. It will be observed that a smaller 
amount of State bounty was paid the original members of the 
entire first ten regiments of infantry and company of sharp- 
shooters, the most of whom were mustered into United States 
service for three years, than was received by a single regiment 
of infantry two years later for a like enlistment, but a shorter 
period of service as eventually proved. The original members 
of thirteen regiments of infantry, one regiment of cavalry, and 
six batteries of mounted artillery, were paid no State bounty. 
The original members of five regiments of infantry received $45 
each. The entire State bovmties paid the original members of 
twenty-eight of our infantry regiments, from the 1st to the 28th 
inclusive, the 1st Cavalry, and first six batteries of Mounted 
Artillery, amounted to only about $400,000. All of the re-en- 
listed men of those organizations (some 4,000 in number received 
$300 each. State bounty, and some of them a large local bounty 
in addition thereto, although the same was prohibited by the 
statute. Many member.* of the eight regiments for nine months' 
service are found among the recruits of old regiments in 1864, 
and received liberal State and local bounties. The same is found 
to be the case with members of the two "two years" regiments, 
and a large number of those of other regiments of 1861 and 1862, 
who were discharged for disability, and upon their recovery 
enlisted into our old and new organizations and were paid liberal 
bounties. 

It is not generally known that the War of the Rebellion did not 
begin or close at the same time in all the states. The dates of 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLK. I9I 

the commencement and the termination of that war indicated in 
the opinion of the supreme court of the United States in the case 
of "The Protector" which is reported in twelve Wallace, 700, 
and is in substance, that the proclamation of the intended block- 
ade by the President may be assumed as marking the first of 
these dates, and the proclamation that the war had closed, as 
marking the second. 

There were two proclamations of the intended blockade ; the 
first of the 19th of April, 1861, embracing the states of South 
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, Louisiana, and 
Texas; the second of the 27th of April, 1861, embracing the 
states of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, 
Florida, Mississippi, Tennessee, Alabama, Louisiana, and Arkan- 
sas, and the other issued on the 20th of August, 1866, embracing 
the state of Texas. 

In the absence of more certain criteria, of equally general 
application we must take the dates of these proclamations as 
determining the commencement and the close of the war in the 
states mentioned in them. 



waTFRvilie soldiers monument association. 

Many of our citizens still living will recall the terrible days of 
the war ; when battle was on and victory hung in the balance ; 
when care for the sick and wounded, and honoring the dead, was 
the duty and desire of all the living,- — that even then a few of 
our patriotic citizens inaugurated a plan to raise funds for the 
erection of a suitable monument to perpetuate the memory of our 
dead soldiers. 

The inception and successful prosecution of this plan is due 
to the patriotism and untiring energy of Mr. G. A. Phillips, as 
to him more than any man living here to-day or who has ever 
lived here is due the present prosperity of Waterville. 

The following facts, copied from the records of the Waterville 
Monument Association, will interest our older citizens, and 
should interest the younger. 

"On the evening of the 14th of March, 1864, a concert was 
given in this village, the proceeds of which, by previous 
announcement, were to be donated in aid of erecting a suitable 



192 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

monument to the memory of our soldiers who had fallen in 
defence of the Union, or who should thereafter lose their lives in 
the same holy service. 

The names of these performers, which all will agree should 
appear upon the first page of this record, were : Mrs. J. E. Dow, 
Miss A. M. Bates, Miss C. M. Barney, Miss L. S. Carroll, Miss 
E. Piper, Miss H. C. Marston, Miss S. E. Ransted, Mr. W'm. A. 
Caffrey, Mr. S. C. Mar.ston, Mr. J. R. Pitman, Mr. G. A. Phillips. 

During the intermission, a proposition to form a permanent 
organization for the more speedy and certain accomplishment of 
the work was introduced ; and after some explanations and dis- 
cussion, a committee was chosen to prepare a plan of organiza- 
tion, to be submitted at a future meeting, with a list of officers, 
etc. The following gentlemen were put upon this committee : 

J. Nye, T. B. Foster, G. A. Phillips, E. G. Meader, and C. M. 
Morse. 

A second concert in aid of this object was given by the same 
individuals on the evening of the 23rd of the same month, at 
which time the committee named above reported a constitution, 
which was unanimously adopted. The following list of candi- 
dates was also presented, and after the adoption of the constitu- 
tion, they were chosen to the several offices for which they werd 
severally designated. 

G. A. Phillips, president ; W'm. A. CafTrey, vice-president ; 
Daniel R. Wing, secretary : Geo. L. Robinson, treasurer ; Jones 
R. Elden, E. G. Meader, C. M. ]\lorse, trustees. 

Article 2 of the constitution reads as follows : "The object 
of this association shall be to procure the erection, at such time 
and in such place within the town as shall hereafter be desig- 
nated, of a suitable monument in honor of those of our fellow- 
citizens, residents of Waterville, who shall have died in the mili- 
tary or naval service of the United States during the present 
war." 

Appended to the constitution are the names of ninety-two 
persons. 

A second benefit concert was given in 1865 and efforts were 
made to secure a contribution of one dollar from each citizen 
for the association. 




BPtEVET BHIG GKN'. FIIAXCIS F.. HEATH. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 193 

Here occurs a hiatus of nearly ten years, or from November 
29, 1865, to June 14, 1875, during which there is no record of any 
kind, nor any explanation of the interregnum. 

There were doubtless good reasons, and the first that suggests 
itself is the eflervesence of zeal, as this has occurred in the his- 
tory of many commemorative monuments ; but the purpose was 
fixed in the minds of good men and the funds drawing interest. 

* * 17: H: ***** * 

In 1S75 the fund with accumulated interest amounted to 
$1,000, this with the $i,ooo voted by the town made $2,000 avail- 
able for the purpose of the association. The meeting of the 
association at which such report was made was the last meeting 
held in the old town hall before it was remodeled. This fact 
Secretary Daniel R. Wing thought was worthy of permanent 
record. The committee to submit plans and estimates for a 
monument was as follows : Col. F. E. Heath, Dr. Atwood 
Crosby, Edwin Noyes, Reuben Foster, J. H. Plaisted. 

This committee recommended the purchase of Milmore's 
"Citizen Soldier" in bronze, the price to be $2,000. This recom- 
mendation was accepted and a committee consisting of the offi- 
cers of the association, Edwin Noyes, Col. I. S. Bangs and J. H. 
Plaisted was appointed to procure a suitable monument upon 
which to place the statue. 

The committee to locate the monument consisted of Nathaniel 
Meader, E. R. Emerson, Miss Florence Plaisted, Miss Roxana 
Hanscom, Dr. Crosby and Mrs. Crosby, C. G. Carleton, M. C. 
Foster, C. K. Mathews, C. R. McFadden, F. P. Haviland, P. S. 
Heald, Reuben Foster, W. B. Arnold, Prof. E. W. Hall, Prof. 
M. Lyford, A. A. Plaisted and Mrs. Plaisted, Dr. N. R. Boutelle 
and Mrs. Boutelle, E. B. Cummings, E. F. Webb and the officers 
of the association. 

The following inscriptions were accepted. On the Elm street 
front, "To the memory of the Soldiers and Sailors of Waterville 
who gave their lives for the preservation of the Republic 
1861-1865." On the opposite front, "Erected by the citizens of 
Waterville." 

In order to raise the balance of the money needed for the mon- 
ument the ladies of the committee decided to have an entertain- 
ment on two evenings, the i6th and 17th of May, 1876, the first 
13 



194 HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 

evening to consist of an antiquarian supper and concert the sec- 
ond of music, tableaux, free lunch, presentation of flag to 
G. A. R. Post by the ladies, etc. And this was ratified by the 
association. 

The entertainments were a grand success, in every way, and 
will be long remembered with pleasure by those present. A full 
account will be found in the Mail of May 19, 1876. Three hun- 
dred and fifty dollars were added to the funds of the association. 

The Waterville Soldiers' Monument was dedicated with appro- 
priate ceremonies on Memorial day, Tuesday, May 30, 1876. 
Col. F. E. Heath acted as marshal ; the Waterville brass band 
furnished the music ; the members of W. S. Heath Post, G. A. R., 
joined in the possession, with Waterville 3 Engine Company, 
Ticonic i, Applet on Hook and Ladder Company and the Colby 
Rifles did escort duty. These formed in procession on the Com- 
mon, and with the officers of the association in carriages and 
citizens following, marched through the streets to Monument 
Park, where prayer was offered by Rev. C. D. Crane ; a financial 
statement and the Roll of Honor were read by Mr. G. A. Phillips, 
the president : the monument was unveiled ; an oration delivered 
by Mr. L. Stevens, Esq., of Portland ; a poem read by A. L. 
Hinds, Esq., of Benton, and a hymn sung by a select choir. 

The Roll of Honor, deposited beneath the monument, with a 
list of the officers, etc., is as follows : 

Benjamin C. Allen, William H. Aderton, Charles R. Atwood, 
David Bates, Charles Bowen, William H. Bowen, Elijah Ballan- 
tyne, George W. Bowman, Jr., Joseph Oren Brackett, Bennet 
Bickford, George A. E. Blake, William Barrett, Hiram Cochran, 
Alonzo Copp, William Chapman, Isaac W. Clark, Charles Clark, 
Lorenzo D. Clark, Albert Corson, William H. DeWolfe, Octa- 
vius A. Davis, Hadley P. Dyer, Stephen Ellis, Dighton Ellis, 
Pawlette Euarde, Charles A. Farrington, Hiram Fish, 
Thomas A. Gibbs, David B. Gibbs, George C. Getchell, Edward 
B. Herbert, William S. Heath, William H. Ham, Algernon P. 
Herrick, Albro Hubbard, Joseph Jerow, John O. James, Moses 
King, Charles F. Lyford, William H. Marston, Alvin Messer, 
John N. Messer, Orren Alesser, Lewis Murray, Joseph M. Pen- 
ney, William W. Penney, Pelatiah Penne\', Ira D. Penney, 
Richard Perley, William H. Phelps, James B. Pullen, Henry 



HT STORY OF WATERVILLE. 1 95 

Pooler, Edwin Plummer, Edward E. Prescott, Albert Quimby, 
James F. Ricker, Peter Roderick, Miner W. Savage, Joseph D. 
vSimpson, Richard A. Shepherd, W. A. Stevens, Edwin C. 
Stevens, Gilbert G. Stevens, Jason R. Stevens, Adin B. Thayer, 
George Tilley, Martin Tallow, Henry E. Tozier, Wallace W. 
West, James O. West, Erastus D. Woodman, George L. Wheeler, 
John J\I. Wheeler, Henry White, William W. Wyman, Eben W. 
Woung, Roscoe G. Young. (The name of Wm. H. Bacon 
should have been added to this list as he died here in 1862). 
(I.S.B.) 

The financial statement submitted by President Phillips read 
as follows: "We have received from all sources, since our asso- 
ciation was organized. $2,772.84 ; we have expended for filling 
and grading, $76.90 : for plans for pedestal, $25.00 ; for freight 
on statute, $16.18; for pedestal, including foundation, $982.75; 
for bronze statute, $1,600.00; total expenditure, $2,700,83; 
balance in treasury, $72.01. 

Daniel R. Wing^ Secretary. 

The number of persons who were members of the Monument 
Association was 239. 

W. S. HEATH POST NO. 14, DEPARTMENT OF MAINE, li. A. E. 

The Grand Army of the Republic was founded by Dr. B. F. 
Stevenson of Springfield, 111., in 1866. 

Dr. Stevenson devoted the best years of his life to his grand 
idea of a brotherhood of old soldiers, to perpetuate the memories 
of the camp, the march and the battlefield, and to perpetuate the 
memory and history of the dead. Could he have lived to see the 
day, what a tribute to his prophetic vision, what a reward for his 
labor, would have been the increasing numbers of his comrades 
till they reached the high water mark of 400,000 in 1888 to 1892 ; 
these recruited from the men who served as citizen soldiers and 
as soldier citizens with equal credit in war and peace! 

The Grand Army of the Republic symbolizes fraternity, charity 
and loyalty. It stands for American manhood. It epitomizes 
the heroism of a Nation. It is the trustee of patriotism. 

Memorial Dav is their creation and they who love liberty must 
succeed them in their annual pilgrimage to the shrines of their 



196 HISTORY OF WATERV'ILLE. 

dead when their last member shall have passed beyond our feeble 
following. 

W. S. Heath Post, No. 14, Department of Maine, G. A. R., 
was organized in 1874 and chartered December 29th of the same 
year, under the administration of Department Commander Gen- 
eral Selden Connor, with the following charter members: 

* At wood Crosby, * F. E. Heath, I. S. Bangs, * J. H. Plaisted, 
O. F. Mayo, * Levi A. Dow, A. P. Webb, * Addison Dolley, 

* Sidney Keith, Redford M. Estes, Alpheus S. Webber, John 
U. Hubbard, George W. Hubbard, Henry J. Goulding, George 
W. Goulding, E. P. Buck, W. H. Emery, W. H. Russell, R. T. 
Beazley, * G. A. Osborne, James W. King, * Moses J. Kelley, 

* Charles W. Lowe, E. N. Small, G. T. Stevens, A. M. Sawtelle. 
The Post was named by these veterans after Lieutenant 

Colonel W. S. Heath of the 5th Maine Infantry, who was killed 
at the battle of Gaines Mill. 

Its first commander was General * Francis E. Heath, and he 
was succeeded by General L S. Bangs, Dr. * Atwood Crosby, 
G. H. Mathews, Captain * Charles Bridges, A. O. Libby, * J. G. 
Stover, Dr. D. P. Stowell, N. S. Emery, George W. Reynolds, 
S. S. Vose, George A. Wilson, P. S. Heald, J. L. Merrick, F. D. 
Lunt, E. Gilpatrick, A. E. Ellis, Captain J. P. Garland, J. H. 
Coombs, O. P. Richardson, Captain Silas Adams, H. C. Proctor, 
and J. R. Pollard. 

The Post has on its roll of membership 195 names. 

Death, emigration, and other causes have reduced its mem- 
bership to fifty-seven, but it is still one of the vigorous active 
Posts of the order, and is doing a noble charitable work, looking 
with great fidelity after the necessities of sick and disabled com- 
rades, their widows and orphans, whether members of their 
organization or not. 

If it performed no other duty, it would commend itself to the 
charitable and humane, but in a higher sphere of influence, it is 
an organized examplar of loyalty, by the service of its members 
to the land they helped to save, and a lesson in loyalty to the 
generation that are to follow them. 

January 30, 1891, Hon. Nathaniel Meader. then Mayor of the 
city of Waterville, presented to the Post a very beautiful record 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 197 

book, especially designed for recording the name and military 
history of its members. 

It has taken the writer and Comrade A. O. Libbey of the com- 
mittee, five or six years to secure the names and record of 105 
of these members from Waterville and Winslow, verify them, 
have them re-written and engrossed in the great book. 

The labors of the committee are finished, and the record — the 
lasting memorial to her patriotic sons, is to be presented to the 
city of Waterville as soon as a depository is provided for its safe 
keeping. 

The Post has had leading place and influence in all observ- 
ances of a patriotic character, has made its campfires schools of 
patriotism, has furnished to the Department of Maine, Com- 
mander Gen. I. S. Bangs and Commander James L. Merrick. It 
has pleasant headquarters in Masonic block which are always 
open. The Womans Relief Corps has added greatly to the com- 
fort and efficiency of the Post. 

Since its organization, the Post has paid its annual tribute of 
respect to the memory of dead comrades whose graves are within 
its jurisdiction in Waterville and Winslow. 

The number of these is so rapidly augmenting, that they 
already number nearly three times the Post membership, and will 
mcrease until all have joined the ranks of the great army of the 
dead, to take up their march under the loving eye and guiding 
hand, to which we confidentlv commit them. 



THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. 

The Revolutionary War commenced with the battle of Lex- 
ington, April 19, 1775. Provisional articles of peace were 
signed, November 30, 1782, and proclamation of cessation of 
hostilities ordered by the Continental Congress, April 11, 1783. 
Definite treaty of peace was concluded, September 3, 1783, 
ratified by the Continental Congress and proclaimed, January 
M. 1784- 

From a report of the Secretary of War to the House of Repre- 
sentatives, dated May 10, 1790, and published in American State 
Papers, Military Afifairs, Volume I, pages 14 to 19, it appears 
that the number of troops and militia furnished from time to 



198 HISTOUV OF WATERVir.LE. 

time by the several states during tlic Revolutionary War was 
395.330. It is impossible to ascertain whether the figures, which 
are given in the report for each year of the war, and which aggre- 
gate 395.330 for the whole period of the war, represent only the 
number of new enlistments each year, or whether they include 
not only men who enlisted during each year but also those who 
were in the service at some time during that year but who 
enlisted during a prior year. In other words, it cannot be deter- 
mined positively whether the figures for each year merely rep- 
resent additions to the force during that year, or whether they 
represent these additions together with the force remaining in 
seiz'ice from a prior year. It is certain that, in either case, they 
do not represent the total number of individuals in service in any 
year, or the total number of individuals added to the force in 
any year, because there must have been many duplications caused 
by counting the same man over again for each successive enlist- 
ment. It is well known that a very large proportion of the men 
who served in the American army during the Revolutionary 
War rendered two, three or more terms, or "tours" of service. 
This was notably the case in militia organizations in which men 
frequently served tours of a few days each at comparatively short 
intervals. 

The writer feels it unnecessary to apologize for the meager 
incidents that serve to connect this generation with events of a 
century and more ago. 

The time for detail was passed when the old Revolutionary 
soldiers passed away and their families were separated. 

Their military history was carefully preserved by the Com- 
monwealth of Massachusetts, and if identity could be established, 
a biographical sketch might be written that would confer credit 
upon the soldier and his biographer. 

The writer presents the most and the best sketch of these old 
worthies possible who went from Watervillc (then Winslow) 
or came here after the war and found a home and a final resting 
place here or in the immediate vicinity. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLH:. IQQ 

RECORDS OF SERVICE IN THE REVOLUTION. 

Captain Dean Batis^s, grandfather of Isaac Sparrow Bangs, 
was born May 31, 1756, in Harwick, (now Brewster), Cape Cod, 
IMass. He married April 21, 1780, Eunice Sparrow, daughter 
of Isaac, son of Jonathan, son of Jonathan, son of Jonathan, who 
married Hannah, daughter of Gov. Thomas Prence and Patience, 
daughter of Elder Brewster. 

He "followed the sea" as boy and man for forty years ; became 
mate and master in the East India trade, was a privateer in the 
first year of the War of the Revolution, and then enlisted in 
Abijah Bangs' company. Colonel Dike's Regiment in 1776 and 
served two years. 

In 1802 he came to Sidney and brought a large tract of land 
on the Kennebec river and there lived and reared a large family. 
Waterville was his mercantile home and here he raised a com- 
pany of artillery during the War of 1812 for Major Joseph 
Chandler's Battalion of Artillery, and marched to Augusta with 
the other companies of the Waterville contingent. He died, 
December 6, 1845 and was buried in a private cemetery on his 
own farm in a beautiful spot overlooking the Kennebec river, 
where lie several of his family, including his wife and one son. 

The cemetery is enclosed by a permanent granite and iron 
fence, and in this enclosure near Captain Bangs' grave is a ceno- 
taph in memory of his father, whose m-ilitary record is inscribed 
as follows : 

To the memory of 
ELKANAH BANGS, 
(father of Dean Bangs), 
who was in the privateer service of the Revolution ; was taken 
prisoner with three of his neighbors, and died on board the Jersey 
prison ship at Wallabout Bay, New York, in July, 1777, aged 
44 years ; this 

CENOTAPH 

is respectfully dedicated by his great-grandson, Isaac Sparrow, 
son of Isaac Sparrow, son of Dean Bangs, who settled upon this 
farm in the year 1802. 

Thomas Bates: Corporal, Capt. John Gibb's Co., Col. Eben- 
ezer Sprout's Regt. ; service from December 8 to December 10, 



200 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

1776, two days, marched to Falmouth on an alarm at Elizabeth 
Islands : Roll dated at Wareham : 

Also, Private Capt. Samuel Brigg's Co., Col. Theophilis Cot- 
ton's Regt., General Palmer's Brigade; service 32 days on a 
secret expedition to Tiverton, R. I., September 29, 1777. (Do. 
Vol. I page 803). 

Also, Capt. Gibb's Co. (4th Plymouth), Col. Sprout's Regt., 
service from September 6 to September 10, 1778, 5 days, 
marched to Dartmouth on an alarm : 

Also, pay roll for five days' service from September 13, 1778, 
marched to Falmouth on an alarm : 

Also, Capt. Gibbs' (4th Plymouth) Co., Lt.-Col. White's Regt. 

Thomas Bates: Enlisted July 31, 1780, discharged August 
9, 1780, service nine days at Rhode Island : Roll sworn to at 
Wareham. (Ibid. Vol. I, page 804). 

Thomas Bates: Sergeant, Capt. Joseph Parker's Co., Col. 
Ebenezer Sprout's Regiment: Muster roll dated February 13, 
1778: Enlisted January 9, 177S, enlisted for three months from 
January i, 1778: stationed at Rhode Island. 

Also, Capt. John Gibbs' Co., Col. John Jacobs' Regiment: 
Enlisted July 23, 1780, discharged October 27, 1780; service 
three months, six days on an alarm at Rhode Island : Enlist- 
ment three months; company raised to reinforce Continental 
Army: Roll dated Wareham. (Ibid. Vol. I, page 804). 

Was a pensioner and lived in Waterville in 1840. Date of 
death, and burial place unknown. 

John Cole: Appears with rank of Private (on Continental 
Army pay accounts. Captain Redding's company, 5th) in Col. 
Bradford's regiment for service from March 8, 1777 to Decem- 
ber 31, 1779. Residence, W'inslow, Me. Vol. :i4:2:74. 

He appears with rank of Private on Continental Army pay 
accounts of Capt. Haskell's company-. Col. Bradford's regiment, 
for service from January i. 1780 to March 8, 1780. Residence, 
Winslow. Vol. :i4 :i ;35. 

He appears in Capt. John Samont's company, Colonel Gamaliel 
Bradford's (15th) regiment Massachusetts. Line from Wins- 
low. Was pensioned in 1818. He moved to Albion about 1814 
and died there January 11, 1824. His age unknown, but prob- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 20I 

ably less than seventy years. His widow, Polly Cole, on papers 
signed by her July 7, 1835, alleges her age then as seventy-one. 

John Cool: Appears with rank of private on Continental 
Army pay accounts of Capt. Sewell's company, Colonel Sprout's 
regiment for service from March 12, 1777 to December 31, 1779. 
Residence, 'V\ inslow, also given in Capt. Josiah Jenkins company. 
Col. Brewer's regiment, dated. Camp near \'alley Forge, January 
23,1778. Vol. :i2:2:79:io:3i9. 

Was discharged at Fishkill, N. Y., March 12th, 1780, having 
served full three years ; his term of enlistment. He alleged on 
a paper dated May 26, 1833, that he was then seventy-eight years 
old and had lived in Waterville, (Winslow)' seventy years. He 
lived on Cool street, which after his death was named for him. 
He died October 5, 18451, aged eighty-nine years, six .months, 
and was buried in the old cemetery and afterwards removed to 
Pine Grove cemetery. 

. .Levi Croivell: Born, reared and enlisted on Cape Cod. After 
the war drifted "down east" to Winslow (that part in which is 
now Oakland) with Elisha and Solomon Hallett. Date of death 
unknown. Buried in old cemetery, Oakland. 

Manoah Crozvell: Was pensioned in 1834 for service in the 
Massachusetts militia, but his name is not to be found in Massa- 
chusetts records. He was said to be seventy-one years old in 
1835, but is put down at seventy-eight in 1840, when he was 
living in Waterville (now Oakland) and drawing his pension 
there. 

The date of his death is unknown, but he was a soldier in the 
War of 181 2. 

Joint Daiis: Appears with rank of private on muster roll of 
Capt. Jeremiah Hill's company. Col Scammon's regiment, dated 
August I, 1775. Enlisted May 5. 1775. Time of service, 
twelve weeks, four days. Residence, Biddeford. Eight month's 
service. Vol. 15, p. 28. 

He appears with rank of drummer on company return of Capt. 
Hill's company. Col. Scammon's regiment, (30th) dated Sep- 
tember 2j, 1775. Enlisted May 5, 1775. Residence, Bidde- 
ford. Coat Rolls. Eight months' service. Vol. 56, p. 199. 

He appears among signatures to an order for bounty coat 
or its equivalent in money, due for the eight months' service in 



202 HISTORY OF WATERVIIJ.E. 

Capt. Jeremiah Hill's company. Col. James Scammon's regi- 
ment, dated October 6, 1775. Coat Rolls. Vol. 57, File 21. 

He appears with rank of drummer on muster roll of Capt. Jere- 
miah Hill's company, Col. Edmund Phinney's regiment, dated 
in garrison. Fort George, December 8, 1776. Enlisted January 
I, 1776. Re-enlisted November 14, 1776. Vol. 46, p. 3. 

During the winter months of 1776 he enlisted for the 
war and served as drummer and drum-major in Col. Joseph 
Vose's (First) Regiment, Massachusetts Line and was dis- 
charged in June 1783. He was five feet, six inches high, 
light complexion, light hair. He claimed to have been in the 
Battle of Monmouth and at the surrender of Burgoyne, and to 
have marched to Yorktown and been present at the surrender of 
Cornwallis. He was at one time reported as a deserter, but the 
charge was cancelled and this record removed. 

He came to New Sharon in 1794 and to Waterville about 1830. 
He had nine children, but never owned any property in New 
Sharon or Waterville. He was probably a skilled mechanic. 

Mr. Davis was born in Simbross, Cork county. Ireland, about 
1754. The date of his death and place of burial are unknown, 
but he was living here in 1835 ^^^^ ^t his great age would hardly 
return to New Sharon. He died before 1840, if he died here, 
as, although he was a pensioner, he was not on the list of fifteen 
living here and in Winslow in 1840. 

Oliver Dow, and his cousin Amos, enlisted in Captain \\'atts' 
company in Salem, N. H., in 1756. Oliver continued in same 
company in Colonel N. Meserve's regiment ; fought at Crown 
Point, Ticonderoga, and in other campaigns. 

In 1777 he was in Captain Joseph Bailey's company, Moses 
Kelly's regiment. General W^hipple's brigade. 

In 1 781 he served in Captain Nathaniel Head's company of 
Lieut. -Col. David Reynolds' regiment of New Hampshire troops. 

He was a lieutenant as earlv as 1776, as appears from militar)- 
archives; his name appearing with other Hopkinton men. 

Oliver Dow was born in Salem, N. H., in 1736; moved to 
Hopkinton. in 1773, back to Salem about 1790 and lived there 
till 1820, when he moved to Waterville with his son Levi, died 
here December 18, 1824 and was buried in Monument Park. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 203 

He was grandfather of Charles Dow who lived and died here, 
and great-grandfather of Levi A. Dow, late of Co. B, 21st Maine 
Infantry Volunteers. 

He was a great grand-father of Hon. Richard vS. Dow, coun- 
sellor-at-law. State street, Boston, Mass., to whom the writer 
is indebted for this biographical sketch. 

Sainpson Freeman: Appears in a return of men enlisted into 
the Continental Army from ist Essex county regiment. Resi- 
dence, Salem. Term, three years. Joined Capt. Fairfield's 
company, Col. Wigglesworth's regiment. \'oI. 41, p. 44. 

Appears with rank of private on muster roll of Capt. Joseph 
McNall's company, Col. Edward Wigglesworth's regiment, 
Dated Camp at Valley Forge, June 2, 1778. Term three years. 
Vol. 61, p. 24. 

Appears with rank of prh'ate on muster and pay roll of Capt. 
Peter Page's company, Col. Wigglesworth's regiment, for 
March and April, 1779, flated at Providence, May 5, 1779. 
Enlisted February i, 1777, three years. Transferred to Capt. 
John K. Smith's company, Col. Smith's regiment. \"ol. 22. p. 98. 

Appears with rank of private on Continental Army pay 
accounts of Capt. John K. Smith's company. Col. Smith's regi- 
ment, for service from February i, 1777 to February 5, 1780. 
Residence, Salem. Continental Army books. 

Sampson Freeman was a free man of color who came to 
Waterville from Peru, ^le., in 1835, a"'^' after a brief acquain- 
tance married Venus, the widow of Prince Henry who lived on 
the second rangeway and owned a small farm. Venus was 
brought up in the family of Judge Redington of Vassalboro. 
Her husband must have died before 1825 as she was a widow 
in 1826 and lived on the farm she inherited from him and which 
is now a part of the farm of J. C. Blaisdell on the 2nd rangeway. 
Freeman lived with "Aunt \'"enus" six years, when she died and 
was buried in Monument Park. He died in 1843 and was buried 
near her. 

Enoch Fuller, Revolutionary soldier, died in Winslow, Jaiuiary 
29, 1842, aged eighty-seven, and was buried in the "Old Fort" 
Cemetery. 

Seth Getchell: Grandfather of Miss Julia Stackpole, enlisted 
from Berwick, Maine, where he was bom in 1753. He married 



204 HISTORY OF WATF.KVILLE. 

Sarah Grant by whom he had nine children, all of whom arc 
dead. 

He came here soon after the close of the Revolutionary War, 
owned a small farm about two and a half miles west of Water- 
ville village, and worked in a grist mill, which might have been 
near the dam of the Union Gas & Electric Co., on the Messalon- 
skee or farther up that stream at the Rice bridge. In 1840 he 
lived with Susan Stackpole. 

He died in Pittsfield, Maine, in July 1845, aged ninety-one 
years, eight months. His wife survived him, but died in Febru- 
ary of the following year, and the remains of both were brought 
here and buried in Pine Grove Cemetery. 

Nathaniel Gilman: Has record of service but no way to 
identify him positively, as there are many of the same name. 
He lived here and died here before 1840, as his widow, Sarah 
Gilman, was a pensioner here at that date. The date of his birth, 
death or place of enlistment are in doubt, but he was buried in 
the family vault in the old cemetery and when it was made into 
a park (Monument) the vault was demolished and all the bodies 
removed to Pine Grove Cemetery. 

Blisha Hallet: Private, Capt. Elisha Nye's company. 
Enlisted February 14, 1776: service to November 21, 1776, nine 
months, six days. Companv stationed at Elizabeth Islands for 
defense of sea coast, also, Capt. Elisha Hedge's company^ Col. 
Freeman's regiment. Enlisted September 3, 1779. Discharged 
September 18, 1779; service five days. Company detached for 
military service at Falmouth on an alarm. Massachusetts 
Soldiers and Sailors in Revolution, Vol. VII, p. 122. 

Received a pension; lived in Waterville, in 1840, at the age 
of eighty-two years, with Jonathan Hallet. Date of death 
unknown ; buried in old cemetery in Oakland. 

Solomon Hallctt: Private, Capt. Joshua Gray's company.* 
Enlisted November i, 1775, discharged December 31, 1775, ser- 
vice two months, five days in defense of sea coast. Roll dated 
Barnstable. 

*Capt. Joshua Gray of Yarmouth : ca])tain of a company of 
minute-men, engaged July i, 1775, discharged December 31, 
1775- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 2O5 

Private, Capt. Ebenezer Baker's company, Col. Freeman's 
regiment. Marched, October 4, 1777, service eighteen days. 
Company marched to Tiverton, R. I., on a secret expedition. 

Private, Capt. Alicah Hamlen's company, Col. Jonathan 
Reed's (ist) regiment of Guards. INTarched, April 2, 1778. 
Service to July 6, 1778. three months, four days, at Cambridge, 
including four davs (eighty miles) travel home. Enlistment 
three months from April 2. 1778. 

Private, Capt. Elisha Pledge's company,* Col. Freeman's regi- 
ment. Marched September 3, 1779. Discharged September 18, 
1779. Service fifteen days. Company detached from militia 
for service at Falmouth on an alarm. 

'^Capt. Elisha Hedge, Yarmouth, Capt. 2nd (ist Yarmouth) 
company, 1st Barnstable County Regiment of Massachusetts 
Militia. 

Solomon Hallett was living in W'aterville (now Oakland) in 
1840, at the age of eighty-six, and was a pensioner. He died 
soon after this date and was buried in the old cemetery at West 
Waterville (now Oakland). 

Timothy Littlefield: Enlisted from Wells, Maine, September 
4, 1775 in Capt. Noah Moulton Littlefield's company, and served 
three months and fifteen days at Wells and Arundell, guarding 
sea coast. 

Also: In Capt. James Littlefield's company, Col. Stover's 
regiment from August 14, 1777 to November 14, 1777, four 
months and three days, including 300 miles travel home from 
Coeman's (Queman'sf?) ) Heights with Northern Army. 

Also: Served to reinforce the Continental Army from 
August 2, 1780 to December 26, 1780, five months and nine days 
including fifteen days' travel home. 

Descriptive list, 6' i" high, light complexion, age twenty-one 
years. 

Was a pensioner and lived here in 1840. Date of death and 
place of interment unknown. 

Salathicl Penny: Appears with rank of private on muster roll 
of Capt. Samuel Sayer's company, Col. James Scammon's regi- 
ment, dated August i, 1775. Time of service three months, 
four days. Enlisted May 3, 1775. Residence, Wells, eight 
months' service. Vol. 16, p. 27. 



I 



206 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Appears with rank of prwate on company return of Capt. 
Samuel Saver's company, Col. James Scammon's regiment, 
October, 1775. Enlisted May 3, 1775. Residence, Wells^ Me. 
Coat Rolls, eight months' service. Vol. 56, p. 205. 

Appears among signatures to an order for bounty coat or its 
equivalent in money due for the eight months' service in 1775, 
in Capt. Samuel Sayer's company, Col. James Scammon's (30th) 
regiment, dated Cambridge, October, 27, 1775. Coat Rolls, Vol. 
57, File 21. 

Appears with rank of priivte on muster roll of Capt. Silas 
Wild's company, Col. Edmund Phinney's regiment, dated in Gar- 
rison at Fort George, December, 1776. Enlisted January 10, 1776. 
Time of service, ten months, four days. Reported sick in bar- 
racks. Re-engaged, November 14, 1776, under Col. Brewer. 
Vol. 46, p. 6. 

Salathiel Penny: Appears with rank of private on muster 
and pay roll of Capt. Daniel Merrill's company. Col. Samuel 
Brewer's regiment. Marched to Bennington. Enlisted January 
I, 1777. Was present at the surrender of Burgoyne. Dis- 
charged March 17, 1777. Residence, Wells. \"ol. 21, p. 100. 

Was born in Wells, ]\Iaine, in 1756. First wife unknown; 
second wife was Margaret C. Grant of Berwick. 

Mr. Penney settled upon and cleared the farm where he lived 
and died, and which is now owned by Mrs. Moses Penney. 

By his first wife he had two daughters and one son. Peletiah, 
father of William G. Penney, father of our "Penney Boys," Ira, 
Peletiah, Charles, William and Fred and one daughter, Harriet, 
who married Nelson McCrillis. 

Salathiel Penney died September 22, 1847, aged ninety-one 
years, and was buried in Monument Park. About 1875 his 
remains were removed to Pine Grove Cemetery. 

John Pv.Uen was born at Attleboro, Mass., May 7, 1763. He 
was the youngest of the nine children of James Pullen and Lydia 
Woodcock, his wife, who had been married at Attleboro, Febru- 
ary 26, 1742. Lydia Woodcock was the daughter of Jonathan 
Woodcock, who is said to have been a very brave man and of 
much influence in the colony at that time. 

John's grandfather and the father of James was Nicholas Pul- 
len. He is the earliest ancestor that the family have thus far 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLU. 20/ 

been able to find, and nothing is known of him except the fact 
of his marriage at Rehoboth, Mass., on January 19, 1709 to 
Mary Tucker. 

John Pullen was a Revohitionary soldier, his name appearing 
in a descriptive list of men raised to reinforce the Continental 
army for the term of six months agreeably to a resolve of June 
5, 1780. He is there described as seventeen years of age, five 
feet, four inches in height and of dark complexion. His resi- 
dence is given as Attleboro. He arrived at Springfield, July 9, 
1780, and with the nth Division, to which this re-enforcement 
was assigned, marched to camp, July 11, 1780, under command 
of Ensign Barrows. (Mass. Muster and Pay Rolls. Vol. 35, 
page 192.) 

The name of John Pullen of Attleboro also appears in a return 
dated Camp Totoway, October 25, 1780, containing a list of 
men raised for six months' service and returned by Brig.-Gen. 
Patteison as having passed muster. (Mass. Muster and Pay 
Rolls, Vol. 25, page 241.) 

He was in the Continental army from July 6, 1780 to January 
8, 1781. having seen six months' and two days' service. 

John Pullen was married at Winthrop, Me., June 23, 1785, 
to Amy Bishop, daughter and youngest child of Squire Bishop 
and Patience Titus. Eight children were born of this union, 
one of whom, Sarah Boardman, married John Cafifrey, who was 
the grandfather of ]\Irs. L. D. Carver of Augusta. 

John Pullen died March 29, 1810, at the age of forty-seven, 
at Waterville, Me., and was buried in the old cemetery on Elm 
street, now Monument Park. 

His widow. Amy Bishop Pullen, resided for a number of years 
in Waterville with her daughter, Mrs. Sarah Boardman CalTrey, 
and was living as late as the year 1836, when she made applica- 
tion for State bounty, as appears by the records in the land office 
of Maine. 

Asa Rcdington: Was born in the town of Boxford, Essex 
Co., Mass, December 22, 1761. Son of Abraham and Sarah 
(Kimball) Redington. In June 177S he enlisted in Wilton, N. 
H., in Col. Peabody's ''egiment, and joined the forces of Gen. 
Sullivan at Providence, R. I., where the troops were quartered 
in Brown College. 



208 IIISTORV OF WATERVILLE. 

In December he was discharged and returned to Wihon, N. H. 
In June, 1779 re-enlisted in the "Continental Establishment" for 
one year, joined the army at Fishkill on the Hudson and spent 
the following winter at Danbury, Ct. 

In spring of 1780 joined the regiment of Col. Miller and spent 
the balance of his term of enlistment scouting as far north as 
West Point and was discharged at expiration of term of service. 
In March, 1781, he again enlisted and joined the army near West 
Point in Col. Alex Scammel's regiment, which dropped down 
the Hudson to Kingsbridge, thence to New Jersey, Philadelphia 
and Annapolis and finally reached Yorktown in time to partici- 
pate in the seige and surrender. Thence he followed the for- 
tunes of the army in its long march to Saratoga, thence to 
Princeton, New Jersey and West Point where he was discharged 
December 23, 1783 without pay and left to travel 300 miles to 
his home, carrying the musket he had borne through his long 
service. The old musket was treasured many years in his family 
and finally presented to the State of Maine by his oldest son, 
Judge Redington.. 

Mr. Redington came to Vassalboro in 1784. married ^lary, 
daughter of Nehemiah Getchell, September 2, 1787. Came to 
Waterville (then Winslow) in 1792 where he died, March 31, 
1845. He was buried in Monument Park, where his remains 
still lie. 

Asa Redington was grandfather of ^Irs. Appleton A. Plaisted 
of Waterville. 

Simeon Simpson: Simeon Simpson enlisted in Winslow in 
July, 1782 for three years, in Capt. King's company, Lieut. -Col. 
Brooks' regiment (the 7th Mass. Line) ; transferred to the 4th 
Massachusetts Line and was discharged in the State of New 
York, December 31, 1783. Mr. Simpson was pensioned in 1818. 

In a paper dated October 11, 1836, he alleged that he was 
seventy years old. This would make his birth in 1766, and his 
age ninety-four at his death, September 24, i860, though he 
claimed to be ninety-six. 

He was buried in Winslow on the home farm, now owned 
by the Lockwood Company. Before this article goes to press, 
his remains will have been removed, with those of his family, to 
Pine Grove Cemetery. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 209 

Jonathan Sotde: Appears with rank of private on muster 
and pay roll of Captain Calvin Partridge's company, Colonel 
John Cushing's regiment, for service at Rhode Island. Enlisted, 
September 23, 1776. Time of service, one month, twenty-eight 
days. Vol. 3, p. 62. 

Jonathan Soule : Appears with rank of private on muster and 
pay roll of Captain James Harlow's company, Col. Ezra Wood's 
regiment, raised for eight months to guard the passage of North 
river. Enlisted, June 5, 1778. Time of service, eight months, 
four days. Vol. 20, p. 8: 

He died January 6, 1832, aged eighty-four, and was buried 
in the old Elm street cemetery, and in 1875 removed to Pine 
Grove Cemetery. 

Lot Stiirtevant : Was born in Wareham, Mass., July 25, 1759. 
He was the second son of Joseph and Mary (Gibbs) Sturte- 
vant. Joseph was the son of Moses, son of Samuel, son of 
Samuel, who was at Plymouth, Mass., as early as May 1642. 
His affidavit, on file in the land office at the State House, 
Augusta, gives the following: 

"Lot Sturtevant of Waterville, June 15, 1835, seventy-five 
years old and upwards, enlisted at Wareham, Mass., 1777, for 
three years in Capt. Josh Eddy's company, Gen. Bradford's regi- 
ment, Massachusetts Line. Served his full time and was honor- 
ably discharged at W>st Point in 1780. United States pensioner. 
Land certificate granted April 19, 1835." 

It cannot be ascertained when he came to Waterville, but it 
must have been before 1790, for his eldest son, Zenas, was born 
here in November, 1790, and the succeeding children, seven 
in all, were born here prior to 1806. He married Elizabeth 
Bessie, who was born October 3, 1764 or 5, and died January 13, 
1833, aged sixty-eight. Lot Sturtevant died at Waterville, 
June 4, 1848, aged eighty-eight, at the home of Reward Sturte- 
vant. 

His farm was one of the "Ten Lots" of which he was the 
original settler and proprietor. Here he lived, reared his family, 
and was buried in the cemetery one mile north of Fairfield Center 
on the Pishons Ferry road. 

Richard Szueetser: Of North Yarmouth is credited with ser- 
vice as a private in Capt. Noyes' company, Col. Phinney's regi- 



2IO HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

merit of eight months' men with the army at the siege of Boston 
in 1775. 

Mr. Sweetzer lived here in 1840 with David Parker ; was a 
pensioner and nmety years of age. \\'hen he came here, when 
he died and where he was buried are imknown. 

Philip Thayer: Supposed to have been born near Attleboro, 
Mass. and enlisted from there. Came to Berwick after the war 
and finally drifted "down east" to Waterville (^now Oakland) 
died and was buried in the old cemetery there. No other record. 

Obadiah Williams: Was a surgeon in Gen. Starks' regiment 
at Bunker Hill, and served during the entire Revolutionary \^'ar. 
He came from Epping, N. H. to Waterville (then Winslow) in 
1792, and built the first frame house in Waterville, the small 
one-story house still standing opposite the electric light station 
at the end of the bridge. The view from this little home of his 
down the bay and the broad Kennebec must have been very 
delightful, (since obstructed by the old Dalton house and the 
factories). Dr. Williams died in 1799, aged forty-nine. He 
was buried in the old cemetery, now Monument Park, which was 
then only an open field without fences, and was deeded to the 
town of Winslow for a burying ground, with certain reservations. 
When the lines were run to define the boundary on the south 
side, it was found that Dr. Williams and his wife had been buried 
outside the cemetery. Their remains were taken up and removed 
sc as to come within the bounds, and when the change was 
effected, making a public park of the old cemetery, their remains 
were again moved to Pine Grove cemetery. 

George Young: Was a Revolutionary soldier who came to 
Waterville (now Oakland) to live, died and was buried there in 
the old cemetery. Birthplace, date of birth, military record, age 
and date of death unknown. 

Reference is had in Massachusetts military service record to 
his being commissioned captain of the 5th Company, Col. 
Wheaton's (4th Lincoln county) regiment of Massachusetts 
militia, in July, 1776, but no service is found credited to him as 
such. 

Note. The writer wonld acknowledge his indebteiine83 to C. J. House, Esq., of 
the Industrial Bureau, Augusta, Me., and E. L. Getchell, Esq., of Harvard Univer- 
sity tor valuable research and results In Revolutionary records. 



HISTORY OP WATERVILLE. 211 

THE WAR OF l8l2. 

The War of 1812, as is well known grew out of the claim of 
Great Britain to the right of search of our merchant vessels, and 
the impressment of American seamen under various pretexts, 
which culminated in a "State of War," as declared by our 
National Congress, June 18, 1812, and proclaimed by President 
Madison, the following day. 

The following are the Rosters of the several companies of 
militia enlisted from Waterville and vicinity for the war, with 
their service as noted. The residence of the company officers is 
given while that of the men is not and the records at Augusta 
and Washington do not give them, but as the Waterville com- 
panies were recruited here, the means of transportation at that 
time primitive and limited, the inference is that they were prob- 
ably residents of Waterville. 

Service from the 14th to 25th September, 1814. 

Roll of the Field and Staff of Lieut.-Col. Elnathan Sherwin's 
Regiment of Militia, being the ist Regiment, 2nd Brigade, 8th 
Division, in service at Augusta from the 14th to the 25th of Sep- 
tember, 1814. This regiment started for the seaboard but was 
ordered into camp at Augusta to await orders. On the 24th day 
of September there was a draft from the regiment to fill up the 
regiment of Lieut.-Col. Ellis Sweet in service at Bath. Those 
of the regiment not drafted were discharged on the 25th day of 
September, 1814. 

Elnathan Sherwin, lieut.-col., Waterville ; John Cleaveland, 
major, Fairfield ; Richard M. Dorr, major ; Ephraim Getchell, 
adjutant; Joseph H. Hallett, or.-mast., Waterville; Ambrose 
Howard, or.-mast.-sgt. ; Moses Appleton, surgeon, Winslow ; 
David Wheeler, paymaster, Waterville ; Zedekiah Belknap, chap- 
lain, Waterville; Moses Healey, drum-major; Benjamin Foster, 
fife-major ; Thomas Leeman, fife-major. 

Field and Stafif Roll of Lieut.-Col. Elnathan Sherwin's drafted 
regiment of militia in service at Wiscasset and Edgecomb from 
the 24th of September to the loth of November, 1814. 

Elnathan Sherwin, lieut.-col., Waterville; Richard M. Dorr, 
major; Nathan Stanley, major, China; Moses Appleton, sur- 
geon, Winslow; Joseph Bachellor, surgeon's mate; Ephraim 



212 HJSTORY OF WATF.RVILLE. 

Getchell, adjutant; David Wheeler, paymaster, Waterville; 
Joseph H. Hallett, or. master; Charles Haydon, Jr., sergt.- 
major ; Benjamin Foster, or.-mast.-sgt. ; David Low, drum- 
major ; Thomas Leeman, fife-major. 

Roll of Captain Dean Bangs' Company of Artillery in Major 
Joseph Chandler's Battalion raised in I'Vatcrfillc and Vassalboro 
and in service at Augusta waiting orders, from the I2th to the 
24th of September, 18 14. 

Commissioned officers: Dean Bangs, capt.. Waterville; 
Lemuel Pullen, lieut., Waterville; Abraham Smith, lieut., 
Waterville. 

Sergeants: Jabez Dow, Artemus Smith, Levi Moore. Jr., 
William McFarland. 

Corporals: William Marston, Alexander McKechnie, Abiel 
Moore, James Bragg. 

Musicians : Henry Richardson, Reward Sturtevant. 

Privates: William Bates, Dennis Blackwell, Ellis Blackwcll, 
William Blish, Andrew Bradford, Martin Bradford, Charles 
Freeman, Joseph Gulliver, Samuel Hastings. Godfrey Jackson, 
Joseph Marston, Josiah Merrill, Newall Page, Benjamin Rives, 
James Shorey, Jeremiah Smith, Joseph Smiley, Jeremiah Tozier, 
3, Alvin Trask, Jonathan C. Tozier. 

Capt. Dean Bangs was a privateer and a soldier of the Ameri- 
can Revolution. 

Roll of Captain William Pullen's company of militia in Lieut. - 
Col. Elnathan Sherwin's regiment, raised in Waterville and in 
service at Augusta from the 14th to the 2Sth of September, 1814. 

William Pullen, capt., Waterville ; Joseph Warren, lieut., 
Waterville ; Leonard Cornforth, ensign, Waterville. 

Sergeants : Ichabod Smith. Reuben Ricker, Isaiah Hallett, 
John Hallett. 

Corporals : Samuel Merry, James Gilbert, Wiman Shorey, 
Thomas Stevens. 

Musicians : Dexter Pullen, Isaac Gage, Asa Bates. 

Privates: Philip Badger, James Burgess, Thomas Bessey, 
Seth Crowell. Isaiah Crowell. David Coombs, Miller Crowell, 
John Cobb, Hiram Crowell, Seward Corson. Daniel Duren, Pliny 
Farrington, Seth Gage, Bryant Gleason, Reuben Gage, Jr., 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLIv. 21 3 

Dennis Gibbs, Timothy B. Hayward, Elijah Hayden, Elisha Hal- 
lett, Jr., Josiah M. Hallett, Ebenezer Hussey, John Hussey, Job 
Harlow, Asa Lewis, Moody Lander, Ivory Low, Abraham 
Lander, Jr., William Lewis, Jr., William Merryfield, Samuel 
Merryfield, George Ricker, George Ricker, 2d or Jr., James Rice, 
Benjamin Stevens, Philander Soule, Lsaac Terrill, Leonard Tap- 
per, James White, Cyrus Wheeler, Lorin Wade. 

Roll of Captain Joseph Hitchings' company of militia in 
Lieut.-Col. Elnathan Sherwin's regiment raised in Waterville 
and in service at Augusta from the 14th to the 25th of Septem- 
ber, 1 81 4. 

Joseph Hitchings, capt., Waterville; Samuel Webb, lieut., 
W^aterville ; Thomas McFarland, ensign, Waterville. 

Sergeants : Josiah Jacob, Jr., Abraham Morrill, Solomon 
Berry, Calvin L. Getchell. 

Corporals : Abraham Butts, Pelatiah Soule, Simeon Tozer, 2, 
William Watson. 

Musicians: David Low, Lewis Tozier. 

Privates : John Bennet, Jonas Blanchard, Columbus Bacon, 
John Clifford, Richard Clifi'ord, Jacob Cool, Zacheus Foster, 
Abel Getchell, Joseph Hogden, William Hume, Thomas Parker, 
Jr., David Parker, William Phillips, David Priest, Arby Penney, 
Moses Ricker, William Redington, Samuel Redington, Silas 
Redington, John Stackpole, Benjamin Smith, William Smith, 
George Soule, Daniel Soule, Sullivan Soule, Richard Sweetzer, 
William Sweetzer, William Tozer, Stephen Tozer. 

Roll of Capt. Child's company from Winslow. 

James L. Child, capt.; Washington Heald, lieut..; Wm. 
Getchell, ensign. 

Sergeants : Wm. Harvey, James Heald, Joel Crosby, Abra- 
ham Bean. 

Corporals : Alvin Blackwell, Richard V. Hayden, Simeon 
Heald, Elisha Ellis. 

Privates : Charles Hayden, Jr., Hernend C. Barton, Samuel 
Bates, Clark Drummond, James Fife, Wm. Fletcher, Asa 
Getchell, Zipheroe Howard, Joseph Heald, Daniel Libby, Wm. 
Pollard, Geo. Pillsbury, Thos. J. Pressey, Daniel Richards, 
Rufus Rhodes, Ebenezer Richardson, Sam'l Richardson, Adna 
Reynolds, Wm. Spring, Joseph Swift, Phinehas Small, Jeremiah 



214 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

B. Thompson, Butler Wood, Ephriam Wilson, Jr., Samuel Wil- 
son, Luke Wilson, Wm. Wyman, Benj. Windship, Geo. Abbot, 
Wentworth Ross, Stephen Getchell, Levi Pollard, Wm. Ham, 
Frederic R. Paine. John Gould, Nathaniel Dingley, Stephen 
Abbot. 

Amos P. Southard was born and enlisted in Litchfield or Edge- 
comb. Soon after the war he moved to Winslow. where he lived 
nearly fifty years, and died in 1870. 

An act "Declaring war between Great Britain and her depend- 
encies, and the LTnited States and their Territories" was passed 
by Congress and signed by the President, June 18, 1812. Treaty 
of peace was concluded, December 24, 1814, ratification 
exchanged, February 17, 181 5, and proclaimed, February 18, 
1815. 

From reports of the third auditor of the Treasury Department 
dated December 12. 1836, (published in Ex. Doc. No. 20, House 
of Representatives, 24th Congress, 2nd Session.,) and February 
22, 1858, (published in Ex. Doc. No. 72, House of Representa- 
tives, 35th Congress, 1st Session), it appears that the total num- 
ber of regulars, militia, volunteers and rangers who served the 
United States at any time during the war of 1812 was 528,274. 
It is evident that this number represents only the number of 
enlistments and not the actual number of individuals in service. 
It is known that many of the men who served during the War of 
1812 rendered more than one term, or "tour," of service. But 
the number of men who served more than one term cannot be 
ascertained, and it is impossible, therefore, to determine the 
actual number of individuals in service during that war. 

Waterville's most eminent soldier in the War of 1812 was 
Gen. Eleazer Wheelock Ripley. 

Born in Hanover, N. H., .April 15, 1782. he was a nephew 
of President John Wheelock and son of Prof. Sylvanus Ripley, 
D. D., of Dartmouth, and was graduated at Dartmouth in 1800. 
He studied law in the office of Hon. Timothy Boutelle, and of 
his tax assessed in 1809, .$2 was tax on his income as a lawyer. 
He was town agent in i8og and 1810, was one of the first board 
of fire wardens elected in 1809, was chosen by the town as one 
of the petitioners to the general court to annex Waterville to 
Somerset county. 



HISTORY OT WATERVILLB. 21 5 

May 7, 1810, he was elected by the town its representative to 
the general court of Massachusetts and was re-elected, May 13, 

181 1. He was Speaker of the House and was elected Senator in 

1812. He became lieutenant-colonel of the 21st Regiment j\Iassa- 
chusetts Infantry, March 12, 1812, and just one year later, 
colonel. He was made brigadier-general, April 15, 1814, and 
major-general, July 25, 1814. He was wounded in the attack 
on Toronto but soon after commanded the 2nd Brigade under 
Gen. Brown on the Niagara frontier. At the battle of Lunday's 
Lane, after the wounding of Gen. Brown, the command of the 
army devolved on Gen. Ripley. He was severely wounded in the 
battle of Niagara but was conspicuous for gallantry in defense 
of Fort Erie, August 15, 1814. November 3, 1814, by resolution 
of Congress, he was presented with a gold medal inscribed with 
the names, "Niagara, Chippewa, Erie." He remained in the 
U. S. Army until 1820, stationed in Louisiana. He then 
resigned, practiced law in Louisiana, served in the State Senate, 
and was a member of Congress from 1835 to 1839. He died in 
Louisiana, March 2, 1839. 

THE AROOSTOOK WAR. 

From the close of the War of 181 2, the Northwestern bound- 
ary of Maine was in dispute till 1839, when the Legislature (of 
Maine) in private session took measures to drive trespassers 
from their camps in the valley of the Aroostook river. 

The first detachment in charge of a sheriff was captured and 
taken to jail at Fredericton, N. B., whereupon the Governor of 
New Brunswick sent word to Governor Fairfield that he had 
orders to hold the disputed territory by military force and 
demanded the recall of all militia from the Aroostook. 

The people were aroused ; the Legislature indignant ! Money 
was voted for the protection of the public lands, and a draft of 
10,000 men from the militia was ordered and the men sent at 
once, through the winter snows to the frontier, where they spent 
three months near Presque Isle, on the Aroostook. 

A company was drafted here and at Fairfield with Samuel 
Burrill as captain, and on February 25, 1839 joined the 2nd 
Regiment at Augusta, and marched through deep snow to the 
frontier. 



2l6 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

A peaceful settlement was enforced by this timely occupation 
and the troops marched home. 

A roster of the Waterville-Fairfield company with the names 
of the Waterville men marked with a star, follows. But one 
man of this company from Waterville survives, Adrastus Branch. 

Roll of Capt. Samuel Burrill's Co. I of Infantry, in the detach- 
ment of the drafted militia of Maine, 2nd Regiment, ist Brigade, 
2nd Division, called into actual service by the State of Maine 
for the protection of its Northwestern frontier, from the 25th 
of February to the 19th of April, 1839. 

Commissioned officers : Captain, Samuel Burrill, Fairfield ; 
lieutenant, John J. Emery, Fairfield : ensign, Charles Cornforth, 
Waterville.* 

Sergeants : James Hasty, Jr.,* Elias C. Hallett,* William 
Gardner,* William L. Maxwell.* 

Corporals: John Bradbury, Ephriam W. Leach, Daniel W. 
Tinkham,* Thurston H. Tozier.'* 

Musicians : Josiah Pearl, Silas Richardson.* 

Privates: David P. Banks,* Goodwin Bradbury, \\'alter 
Burleigh,* Adrastus Branch,* Gersham Boston,* Charles 
Church, Isaac B. Clifford.* Benjamin F. Corson,* Eben S. Cor- 
son,* Charles E. Dillingham,* William Davis,* Briggs H. 
Emery, 2nd, John Evans,* Joseph Fogg, William Green,* 
Heman Gibbs, Jr.,* Abisha Higgins,* James Hey wood, Moses 
Healey, Jr.,* James Holmes,* Chancellor Johnson,* Williams 
Lander,* Theodore McGrath,* George W. Priest,* Granville D. 
Pullen,* Joseph G. Peavy,* William Peavy,* Joseph Peavy,* 
John Rines, George Rose,* Joseph Ricker, Jr.,* Ivory Ricker,* 
William Southwick, Henry A. Shorey,* Hartson Smith,* Peter 
Sibley, Jr.,* Curtis Tobey, William P. Tozier,* William Wood- 
man,* Charles S. Wyman, James E. Wyman, Sewell Whitcomb,* 
Thomas Whitcomb,* James Wyman. 

Officers' servants : Joshua Ellis, Jr., capt's. ; Thomas J. 
Emerv,* lieut's. ; Oliver Cornforth,* ensign's. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 217 



MEXICAN WAR. 

No record has been found on the rolls of the war department 
of the enlistment of any volunteer soldiers from Waterville for 
service during the Mexican War, either for volunteer regiments 
or for the regular army. 

The principal recruiting in Maine was at Portland, Bangor, 
Eastport and Lewiston. 

Hiram Cothsan enlisted at Bangor, September 28, 1847, giv- 
ing his birthplace as ^^'aterville, Maine. He was assigned to 
Company M, 2nd Artillery, U. S. A., and was discharged there- 
from July 19, 1848, by expiration of service, as a musician. 

Hostilities began April 24, 1846, with a skirmish which 
resulted in the capture of Captain Thornton and his party of 
dragoons by the Mexicans. The act of Congress approved May 
13, 1846, declares that "A state of war exists between that gov- 
ernment (Mexico) and the United States." Treaty of peace 
was concluded February 2, 1848, ratifications exchanged May 
30, 1848, and proclaimed July 4, 1848. 



From a report of the adjutant general, dated December 3, 
1849, (published in Ex. Doc. No. 24, House of Representatives, 
31st Congress, ist session), together with certain additions com- 
piled from the official records on file in this office, it appears that 
the number of regulars and volunteers received into service dur- 
ing the war with jNIexico was 101,110. 



WAR WITH SPAIN. 

From a "Statistical Exhibit of Strength of \'olunteer Forces 
called into Service during the War with Spain," published by the 
adjutant general's office, December 13, 1899, it appears that the 
total number of volunteers in service during the war was 223,235. 
This number includes 433 officers who were also officers in the 
regular army. 

Our representation in this war is as follows : 



2l8 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 



first Battalion 


Heavy 


Artillery. 


Avery, Harley E., 


Co. 

c, 


Private. 


Barnaby Alec, 


c, 


Private. 


Barnes. Ernest A., 


c. 


I'rivate. 


Barry, Richard J.. Jr., 


c. 


Private. 


Bennett, Nelson, 


A, 


Private. 


Butler. Joe, 


A, 


P^rivate. 


Buzzell, Henry F,., 


c. 


Corporal. 


Cabana, Charles L., 


A, 


Private. 


Chanpagne, Mathias, 


c. 


Private. 


Cone, Au,e^iistiis. 


C, 


Private. 


Conway, James J., 


A, 


Private. 


Button, James \V., 


c. 


2d Lieuter 


Ferguson, William, 


c. 


Sergeant. 


Foster, Ralph H., 


D, 


Musician. 


Francouer, Joseph, 


C, 


Private. 


Furlong, Richard E., 


c. 


Private. 


Greenwood, Arthur, 


A, 


Private. 


Hall, Fred 0.. 


D, 


Private. 


Keniston, Charles W., 


C, 


Private. 


Latlip, Frank C, 


A, 


Private. 


Lessor, Edward, 


A, 


Private. 


Libbey. Llewellyn M., 


A, 


Private. 


McLellan, William J., 


c, 


Sergeant. 


Merrill, F^dmund W., 


C, 


Corporal. 


Moore, Thomas F., 


A, 


Private. 


Perry, Frank F., 


A, 


Private. 


Pooler, David B., 


C. 


Private. 


Pooler, Fred E., 


A, 


Private. 


Pooler, Harry. 


C. 


Private. 


Soucier, Oniseme, 


c, 


Private. 


Sterling, William L, 


C. 


Corporal. 


Thing, Daniel H., 


c. 


Private. 


Vigue, Joseph, 


A. 


Private. 


Volier, Joseph D., 


c. 


Private. 


Willette, Edward, 


C. 


Private. 



HISTORY oP waterville;. 



219 



First Maine Infantry. 



Berg, Lars, 
Burgess, Fred E., 
Dor, George F., 
Ellis, Walter L., 
Gilman, Forest J., 
Hewes, Irving R., 
King, Joseph F., 
Lidstrom, Axel, 
Pomelow, Trefflin, 
Pooler, William J., 
Surman. William J., 
Winslow, Henry L., 



L, 


Private. 


M, 


Private. 


L, 


Private. 


B, 


Private. 


M, 


Corporal. 


L, 


Private. 


H, 


Private. 


M, 


Private. 


Band, 


Private. 


M, 


Private. 


D, 


Private. 


E, 


Private. 



Philippine; war. 
From a '"Table Showing the Organization, Service and 
Strength of the United States Volunteers Authorized by the 
Act of March 2, 1899," published by the adjutant general's office 
October i, 1901, it appears that the total number of volunteers 
in service during the Philippine Insurrection was 39,178. This 
number includes 252 officers who were also officers in the regular 
army. 

List of Soldiers of Philippine Jl'ar from IVaterville. 
Burgess, private, Co. C, 43rd (J. S. Inf. ; Butler, Melville, pri- 
vate, Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; Barker, Edwin, private, Co. B, 43rd 
U. S. Inf.: Besse, Edward H., O. M. sergeant, 5th U. S. 
Inf. ; Chamberlain, William, private Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; 
Doe, George Fred, sergeant, Co. I, 43rd U. S. Inf; Dutton, J. 
W., 1st lieutenant, Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf.; Furlong, Richard E., 
Jr., private Co. I, 46th U. S. Inf. ; Hawes, Percy W., private, Co. 
B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; Larkin, Phillip, private, Co. B, 43rd U. S. 
Inf.; Latlip, Fred, private, Co. B, j\yd U. S. Inf.; McLellan, 
William J., sergeant, Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; McFarland, 
Howard, sergeant, Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; Micue, John, private, 
Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; Micue, Joseph, private, Co. B, 43rd U. S. 
Inf; Micue, Gus, private, Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; Morgan, G. A., 



220 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

U. S. Art. ; Pomeleaii, Trefflie, private. Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf., 
(killed in action) ; Preble, Hallis, musician (band) 43rd U. S. 
Inf. ; Pooler, Barney, private, Co. B.. 43rd U. S. Infantry ; 
Quint, Willis, private. Co. B, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; Tallouse, Willie, 
private, Co. H, 43rd U. S. Inf. ; Towle, Winfred, private, Co. B, 
43rd U. S. Inf. ; Wilson, George A., Jr., musician (band) 43rd 
U. S. Inf. 

REGULAR ARMY AND N.WY. 

Among the sons of Waterville who have served in the regular 
army and the navy are : 

Lieut. Boutelle Noyes. U. S. N. the son of Edwin and Helen 
(Boutclle) Noyes, was born in Waterville, January 3, 1848. He 
entered the United Statess Naval Academy, September 26, 1864, 
and was graduated with honor in 1868. His first service afloat 
was on the Guerricrreer, flag-ship of the South Atlantic Squadron, 
1868-69. He was promoted to be ensign in 1869. He was in 
the European fleet from 1869-1S72, was promoted to be master 
in 1870 and commissioned lieutenant in 1873, which rank he held 
at his death. From 1873-1877 he was with the South Pacific 
fleet; was on the training ship Minnesota from 1877 to 1880. 
In 1 88 1 he was ordered to the Asiatic squadron on board the 
Richmond where he met his death by accident, August 29. 1883. 
His last command was for his men to save themselves while he, 
looking out for their safety, died at his post of duty. He had 
previously received honorable mention for saving the lives of 
seamen at peril to his own. It was in the days of the Civil War 
when naval service was of utmost value that Boutelle Noyes gave 
himself to his country. In the days of peace, promotion was 
slow, but his high ideals, great ability, and faithful performance 
of duty seemed to assure the highest rank in his profession. 

Lieut. Noyes was married, June 25, 1879, to Miss Charlotte 
Bleecker Luce. Two sons were born to them. Robert Boutelle 
Noyes and Stephen Henley Noyes. The family home is at New- 
port, R. I. 

John Herbert Philbrick, was born in Waterville, Maine, June 
15th, 1853; fitted for college at the Waterville Classical Insti- 
tute (now Coburn Classical Institute) ; entered Colby Univer- 
sity, (now Colby College), in 1869; graduated in 1873, A. B. ; 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 221 

entered West Point Military Academy, July i, 1873, and served 
there as a cadet until June 15, 1877, when he was graduated and 
appointed 2nd lieutenant in the nth U. S. Infantry; he was at 
first stationed at Fort Bennett, and afterwards at Fort Sully, on 
the western frontier ; in 1879 he was ordered to West Point as 
acting assistant professor of modern languages at the Military 
Academy; at the expiration of this assignment he rejoined his 
regiment at Fort Sully; he was promoted ist lieutenant, April 
24, 1886 and served as regimental adjutant from December i, 
1889, until the date of his death, July 24, 1890. 

Francis Bdzvard Nye, son of Hon. Joshua Nye, was born in 
Waterville, Maine, August 27, 1847 '< entered West Point Mili- 
tary Academy in 1865, and was graduated in 1869, being 
assigned to the 2nd U. S. Cavalry, in which he served four years ; 
at the expiration of this service he resigned and was in business 
in Augusta, Maine for twelve years, was then appointed captain 
in the Commissary Department, by President Arthur in 1885; 
was stationed at Fort Monroe for four years ; at Washington, 
D. C. for five years; June i, 1896 he was commissioned major, 
and was stationed at Omaha, Nebraska, for four years, at Chat- 
tanooga, Tenn., and Huntsville, Ala., for one year ; he was in 
San Juan, P. R., for two years and since that time has been at 
Vancouver Barracks, Washington. By regular promotion he 
has attained the rank of colonel. 

Major-General Charles Heyivood., Commander of the Marine 
Corps of the U. S. Army, was a Waterville boy, the son of Lieut. 
Charles Heywood of the United States Navy, who died at sea. 
Before he was twenty years old he received a commission in the 
Marine Corps, April 5, 1858. Before the Civil War he had seen 
service off the coast of Africa, and off Nicaragua. He was on 
the Cumberland at Vera Cruz, Mexico, at the outbreak of the 
war. He commanded the after-gun deck division in the fight 
between the Merrimac and the Cumberland, and when the latter 
went down with the flag flying, Capt. Heywood fired the last gun 
and jumped overboard. "For gallant and meritorious service on 
this occasion he was brevetted major and received honorable 
mention from his commander. Afterward he was in command 
of the guard on the Hartford, Farragut's flagship and, January, 
1864, was made fleet marine officer. He was on the Hartford in 



222 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the battle of Mobile Bay, commanding a division of nine-inch 
giins. For his part in this action he was commended and 
brevetted lieutenant-colonel. He shared several other engage- 
ments and at the close of the war was recommended for advance- 
ment five numbers by a special board. During the railroad riot 
of 1877 he commanded a battalion of marines and was highly 
commended for the efficiency of his soldiers as well as for his 
care of them. He received the thanks of the Navy Department. 
He rendered important service on the Isthmus of Panama in 
1885, commanding a force of 1,100 men and keeping the Panania 
Railroad open in the midst of revolution. He was made lieu- 
tenant-colonel in 1888 and three years later became commandant 
at Washington Barracks. The good work of the marines during 
the Spanish War and the present superb condition of the force 
is largely the result of the work of Gen. Heywood, who has 
inspired the force with his own spirit, perfected its discipline and 
provided its thorough equipment. At present the Marine Corps 
enrolls 6,000 men. Gen. Heywood became brigadier-general in 
March, 1899 and major-general in July, 1902. On the latter 
occasion a very unusual compliment was paid Gen. Heywood. 
The Secretary of the Navy, instead of sending the commission 
by an aid, the usual custom, called in person and presented the 
commission with words of high appreciation. 

Charles Leonard Phillips, was a member of the class of 1881 
at Colby University (now Colby College), and for three years 
took high rank in his class ; at the end of his third year he par- 
ticipated in a competitive examination for entrance to the West 
Point Military Academy and was the successful candidate ; he 
entered the Academy and graduated with his class ; was 
appointed 2nd lieutenant and has since been promoted ist lieu- 
tenant and captain. Colby College conferred upon him the 
degree of A. M. (out of course). 

Otho W. B. Farr was born February 6, 1871. He entered 
Colby in 1888 and West Point Military Academy in June, 1889. 
He was graduated in 1893 and was assigned to the 2nd Artillery, 
stationed at Fort Preble, Me. Afterward at Fort Warren, Mass., 
Fort Riley, Kan., and Fort Sheridan, 111. He served with light 
battery A. 2nd Artillery, during the Spanish-American War, 
taking part in the battle before Santiago de Cuba, July, 1898. 



HISTORY OF WATEUVILLE. 223 

Promoted to be ist lieutenant, March, 1889, and to captain, July 
I, 1901. Served in Cnba from January, 1899 to January, 1902. 
Capt. Farr is now stationed at Fort Warren, Mass., and is in 
command of the 77th Co. Coast Artillery. 

Alexander Fred. Hammond Yates, son of Mr. and Mrs. A. R. 
Yates of this city, was born January 11, 1879. He entered the 
U. S. Naval Academy at Annapolis in September, 1895, and was 
graduated, January 28, 1899. He served as ensign on the U. S. 
Ship Detroit during the Spanish-American War, from June 1st 
to August 23, 1898. In January, 1899, he was ordered to the 
Asiatic Station, where he has served on the Oregon and Pam- 
panga and has been in command of the Leyte and Arayat until, 
his three years' cruise being completed, he was ordered to the 
United States in the summer of 1902 on a furlough. 

General Isaac Sparrozv Bangs^ was born in Canaan, Me., March 
17, 1831, the son of Isaac Sparrow Bangs and of a family which 
already for three generations had been prominent in the military 
and civil history of the Kennebec valley. He was prepared at 
Rochester, N. Y., for the first class that was graduated at 
Rochester University but on account of trouble with his eyes did 
not enter. 

He began his business life in 1856, was for sometime cashier 
of the Waterville Bank and afterward becoming interested in 
granite quarries has done a large business as a contractor. He 
has also owned interests in milling and other industries. 

Mr. Bangs had prominent share in the Civil War history of 
Waterville. He became captain of Co. A, 20th Regiment, Maine 
Infantry Volunteers ; was soon promoted to be lieutenant colonel 
81st U. S. C. Infantry and afterward to be colonel of the loth 
U. S. C. Heavy Artillery. As reward of meritorious service hei 
was made brigadier general by brevet at the close of the war. 
Since the war General Bangs has shown himself loyal to the old 
soldiers and has done much to advance their interests. He is a 
charter member and past commander of W. S. Heath Post No. 
14, Department of Maine, G. A. R., has been department com- 
mander and junior vice commander-in-chief of the Grand Army 

1. The sketch of Gen. Isaac Sparrow Baugs was prepared by the editors of this 
volume. It seems to them fitting that it should be inserted here. Editors. 



224 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

of the Republic. He organized the Sons of Veterans of the six 
New England states as the first Grand Division S. of V. of the 
U. S. A. 

General Bangs is the author of the chapter in this volume upon 
the military history of Waterville. To the securing of the list 
of soldiers which accompanies it he has given a great deal of 
time and labor and expense. He deserves great credit for this 
labor of love and patriotism. 

General Bangs is also member and past commander of the 
Commandery of Maine of the Military Order of the Loyal 
Legion. He is a member of the Maine Society of the Sons of 
the American Revolution and a member of the "Ancient and 
Honorable Artillery Company of Boston." 

In Masonic circles he is a member of the lodge, chapter, 
council and commandery ; Past Commander and Grand Com- 
mander of the Grand Commandery of Maine, Knights Templar ; 
Maine Consistory Ancient and Accepted Rite and Mystic Shrine. 

October 20, 1857, General Bangs was married to Miss Hadas- 
sah Jane Milliken, daughter of Hon. Dennis Milliken of Water- 
ville. They have one son, Dennis Milliken Bangs, who was 
graduated at Bowdoin and is at present engaged with his father 
in the insurance and real estate business under the firm name of 
The L S. Bangs Company with offices in Milliken block. 



CHAPTER Vlll. 



THE CHURCHES OF WATERVILLE. 

By George Dana Boardman Pepper, D. D., LL. D., Lately 
President of Colby College. 

The chief wealth of a communitv and the permanent basis of 
all its other wealth is character, but morals and religion, if not 
identical, are at least inseparable. Moral law has its origin and 
seat in the nature of God and he who consciously honors God 
will take care to conform to his laws. In a centennial review, 
therefore, a sketch of the history of Waterville's religious life 
may well have place. It is not practicable, however, to trace 
that life definitely, save as it has come to organized expression. 
Hence our view must be confined mainly to the origin and devel- 
opment of our churches and religious societies. Of the churches 
here organized none have died out. Nine have been born and 
nine still live. Named in the order of age they are the follow- 
ing: Baptist, Universalist, Congregationalist, Roman Catholic, 
Unitarian, Methodist, Episcopalian, Second Adventist, and Free 
Baptist. Along with these are other religious organizations, 
some of them included in some or all of the churches or closely 
connected with them, and more or less under their care and over- 
sight. Such are the Christian Endeavor Society, Epworth 
League, the Young Men's Christian Association, Woman's Asso- 
ciation and the like. There are other religious movements of 
more or less significance which are independent of the churches 
named, such for example as that of "Christian Science," which 
may claim a passing recognition. 

From the beginning Massachusetts had, as a state, assumed 
the control of the religious as well as of the civil life of its citi- 



226 HISTORY OF WATICRVILLE. 

zens and required the several towns to provide religious instruc- 
tion by legal enactment and to support it by taxation. Before 
the incorporation of Waterville, Winslow had discharged this 
duty, — at times, however, so poorly as twice at least to subject 
itself to legal prosecution ; had built meeting-houses on both sides 
of the Kennebec ; had secured an able minister of the "standing 
order" Rev. Joshua Cushman, D. D., (see historical chapter) to 
divide his services equitably between the different sections of the 
town and had even voted the terms on which persons might come 
to the Lord's table. These terms required acceptance of the 
Bible as a creed and engagement to live purely and peacefully. 
When Waterville was made a separate town much care was taken 
in the act of incorporation to define exactly the relative duties 
or rights of each town as to the existing houses of worship. 
Waterville at once looked after the religious instruction of its 
people. It voted in one instance $ioo on condition a certain 
minister by the name of Allen of Duxbury, Mass., could be 
secured otherwise only fifty dollars. The usual annual appro- 
priation seems to have been fifty dollars. The town put a pulpit 
and in front of the pulpit, "a deacon's seat," in its "east meeting- 
house" which through subsequent changes became our old town 
hall, and granted the use of the house for religious meetings to 
different denominations under certain conditions. It was thus 
that the old meeting-house, our venerable town hall, became for- 
most of the churches now in the city a temporary home in the 
period of their infancy. The town was in the beginning, and 
from the beginning, catholic and considerate in its treatment of 
all. Indeed throughout Maine there was, at the beginning of the 
century, a more liberal spirit toward those not of the state church 
or "standing order" than elsewhere in Massachusetts. This is 
probably due to the fact that in Maine the various sects had been 
represented more fully among the original settlers. 

THE B.\PTISTS. 

The First Baptist church of VVaterviUe was organized August 
27, 1818. Prior to this there were Baptist churches in the neigh- 
boring towns of Vassalboro, Sidney, Clinton, China, Bloomfield 
(Skowhegan), and Belgrade. The first of these was organized 




UNITARIAN CHTJRCH. 



KAPTIS'I CHfRCH. 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 22/ 

in 1788, the last in 1806. Waterville was doubtless visited occa- 
sionally by Baptist preachers. A preacher's diary, under date 
of 1803, reports a visit to "Watervail" for a preaching service 
and speaks of the "Methirdous" as meeting in a dwelling house, 
of "a meeting kept up by a number of Baptists," and of an 
apparent "revival of religion in the place of late." The Water- 
ville Baptist church is, in a sense, a child of the college. The 
Massachusetts legislature in 1813 chartered The Maine Literary 
and Theological Institution, which in 1820 on a charter given by 
the Maine legislature, became Waterville College. The Theo- 
logical Institution began operations in i8i8. Its first faculty 
was a learned and powerful one, although it consisted of only 
one man, Rev. Jeremiah Chaplin. He with his family and sev- 
eral (probably seven) theological students arrived at Waterville 
on the 25th of June of that year and was welcomed with great 
gratification by the leading men of the town, and indeed by the 
citizens generally, for they had earnestly desired and had con- 
tributed to, the origination of the institution. His residence, 
still known as the Wood's house, stood where now stands the 
Elmwood Hotel, and here, as Mrs. Chaplin states in her interest- 
ing diary, a number of gentlemen called before the first Sabbath, 
requesting President Chaplin to preach in the meeting-house. 
He gladly complied and his first sermon was on "God's love to 
sinners." The attendance was large, the attention close. At 
subsequent meetings the attention was not less and the attend- 
ance was greater. Arrangements were made to make perma- 
nent these public services. Hon. James Brooks, "the accom- 
plished editor of the New York Express" characterized Dr. 
Chaplin's discourse as "clear," "cogent" and "as irresistibly 
convincing as problems in Euclid," and Dr. Wm. Lamson, years 
after hearing them, remembered them as in style "chaste, simple, 
suited to the subject and remarkable for their purity," also 
as "enlivened with striking illustrations." Under the controlling 
influence of this strong and Godly man twenty persons met at 
his house on the 27th of August, 1818, and organized The First 
Baptist church of Waterville. Their names were Jeremiah 
Chaplin, his wife Marcia Scott Chaplin, Hadley Proctor, John 
Wakefield, Henry O. Wyer, Samuel C. Dilleway, John Turner, 
Jr., William Lewis, William Lewis. Jr., David Webb, Manoah 



228 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Crowell, Thomas Parker, Abigail Lewis, Mary Showry, Mary 
Coombs, Mary Coombs, Jr., Eliza Plummer, Hannah Yeaton, 
Lydia Perkins, Martha Miller. Of these the first seven were 
connected with the Literary and Theological Institute and the 
other thirteen had been members of the Sidney, Me., Baptist 
church. The new church adopted "Articles of Faith," "Articles 
of Discipline," and a "Covenant." The articles of faith and 
covenant were substantially like those still accepted, but the arti- 
cles of discipline numbering twenty-five have disappeared as a 
separate declaration. Their provision for ruling elders was in 
a few years found superfluous and the elaborate provision for 
the correction by punishment of ofifenses was doubtless found to 
breed rather than correct transgressions. The early church 
records containly show a vast expenditure of thought, time, and 
labor in the line of "discipline." In the service of recognition at 
the town meeting-house Rev. Asa Wilbur of Sidney gave the 
hand of fellowship and Rev. Otis Briggs of North Yarmouth 
preached the sermon. So was this ecclesiastical child born, hav- 
ing by its union of the two elements of school and community, 
a character which it has ever retained and which has determined 
in large measure the signal nature and extent of its influence in 
the worJ,d. To the original twenty members (ten of each sex) 
there were added during the first year eighteen (nine of each 
sex). In the first decade the additions were eighty, making a 
total of one hundred. The need of a house of worship of their 
own was soon felt, for the continual change of place for the 
preaching and the social services alike, was unfavorable to 
growth. Accordingly in 1824 a legally constituted society was 
formed whose first work was the erection of a new meeting- 
house. A building committee, consisting of Ephraim Tripp, 
Daniel Cook, and Avery Briggs, was chosen with power to go 
forward and build. The contract to build for $3,375 went to 
James Packard of Readfield. For laying the foundation there 
was an added expenditure of $100 and a pew worth $125. 
According to a custom then general, the money was raised mainly 
by the sale of pews. These were sold partly by private sale and 
partly by auction and the process was continued for some years. 
The house was dedicated December 6, 1826 "to the service and 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 229 

worship of 'Almighty God by appropriate services consisting of 
singing, prayer, and a sermon by Dr. Chapin." Stoves for heat- 
ing the house were voted in 1832. It had the old-time lofty 
pulpit and high backed pews and a gallery on three sides which 
with some modifications still remains. As to location, size, plan, 
adaptation to serve for public worship and for school and college 
anniversaries, it has proved to be permanently admirable and 
bears emphatic witness to the sagacity of the leaders in the Bap- 
tist society of that day. Prior to 1875 ^^ had been more than 
once somewhat modified within, but it then underwent more radi- 
cal changes. The small chapel on its north side built in 1836 
by Mr. Samuel Redington at his. own expense for social worship 
was removed and the present vestry connecting with the west 
end of the meeting-house and forming with it one structure was 
erected. Until near the present time this addition has furnished, 
with the main building, sufficient space, but so great has been the 
enlargement of the Sunday school, that it has been decided to 
make a still further enlargement and the matter has been placed 
in the hands of a competent committee to form and report for 
action a suitable plan. 

Until 1829, that is, for twenty-one years the church was with- 
out a pastor and was served by officers of the Literary and Theo- 
logical Institute and College, for the most part gratuitously. 
The ministerial services of Dr. Chaplin and after him of Dr. 
Chapin were, however, as faithful and unremitting as though they 
had had each no other office than that of pastor. On the 7th of 
October, 1829, the church called and ordained as their first pastor 
Mr. Hervey Fittz, a young man just graduated from Newton 
Theological Institute. He had moral and spiritual earnestness, 
good sense, tireless industry and an impressive utterance. His 
salary was $500, of which $400 was paid by the society and the 
remainder by the Massachusetts Baptist Convention, the first and 
last aid ever received by the church from such a source. He 
remained only one year but during that time there was a precious 
revival at the Ten Lots. From that neighborhood ten were bap- 
tized of whom seven were of the Bates families which have 
since added so largely to religious work and worship at home 
and abroad, especially to the service of song. Rev. H. Fittz 
after several brief pastorates elsewhere served the Massachusetts 



230 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Baptist Convention as its general agent or secretary for thirty- 
five years, until his death in 1878. In his care and labor for the 
weak churches of Massachusetts, by visitation, counsel, and 
preaching, he did very important service. 

Rev. Henry H. Greene, salary $600, served two years, during 
which time over forty were received by baptism. We are thus 
brought to the close of 1833 and of the first fifteen years of the 
church. The record shows that the total of known living mem- 
bers of the church at that time was one hundred and twenty- 
seven. The clerk for the year 1834 states that "owing to defi- 
ciencies in the former clerks, the records do not contain the names 
of all the members but this is the most accurate that could be 
obtained." 

January i, 1834, was an eventful day for the Baptist church 
and society and indeed for the town of Waterville, the beginning 
of a new era, for on that day began the ministry of the young, 
bovish looking student, fresh from his studies in Andover Theo- 
logical Seminary, Samuel Francis Smith. He was ordained the 
month following, February 12, T834, Dr. Babcock preaching the 
sermon. His name, history and writings are known in many 
lands. At the seventy-fifth anniversary of the church he fur- 
nished a paper of "personal recollections" of his pastorate from 
which the following extracts are made. 

"I found the congregation peculiar, being made up of three 
elements, the college, the village people, and the families from 
the farms in diflferent directions for a distance of five miles. 
* * * My first sermon after my ordination was from the text 
Jer. 1 : 6, 'Then said I, Ah Lord, God, behold I cannot speak for 
I am a child.' * * * Those were the days of 'protracted 
meetings,' so-called, continuing usually four days, hence called 
'four-days meetings.' They began on Tuesday; for four days 
there was preaching forenoon, afternoon and evening, prayer 
meetings and inquiry meetings intervened. Saturday brought a 
single service for prayer and the following Sabbath was the great 
day of the feast. Evangelists and hired helpers were unknown. 
The neighboring pastors offered their services without pay in aid 
of brother ministers. * * * Thg fj^st meeting of this kind 
was held by this church in April, 1834. Rev. Dr. Tappan of 
Augusta preached several times most acceptably. Father Sewall, 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 23I 

home missionary in Maine, gave useful help (both Congrega- 
tionalists.) ''■ * * I remember one season of about sixteen 
weeks during which it did not occur to us that we were living 
in the midst of a revival, but souls, averaging one every week, 
entered into the kingdom of God." He proceeds to speak of a 
revival in 1858 which had its origin in the families at the Ten 
Lots and thence extended to other parts of the town. Personal 
religion was the general and absorbing topic of thought and con- 
versation and protracted meetings were held in different parts 
of the town. The college shared fully in the work and its results. 
The singing of familiar hymns had a large place in the social 
services especially at the Ten Lots. Dr. Smith says "There was 
no visible excitement, there were no sensational discourses. The 
spirit spoke with his still small voice and human hearts were 
tender to hear and obey. Attempts were made only to enlist 
conscience on the side of God and the truth." He speaks of a 
Sabbath in the early summer when thirty-five received the hand 
of fellowship. His ministry continued eight years, 1833-1841, 
during which 170 were received into the church, sixty men and 
no women, nearly all by baptism. Among them were men and 
women of high standing and large influence, names still familiar. 
In 1838, sixty-four joined the church, twenty-nine men and 
thirty-five women. No wonder that the people of Waterville 
and especially the Baptist church were exceedingly precious in 
Dr. Smith's memory until the day of his death and no wonder 
that the church and community have ever given him a large place 
in their affections. In his "Personal Recollections" he names 
and felicitously characterizes one by one over fifty of his former 
Waterville members and friends, although more than a half cen- 
tury had passed since his removal from Waterville. Rev. David 
N. Sheldon at once succeeded to the pastorate but after a year 
and a half resigned (September, 1843) to become president of 
the college. In this brief pastorate sixty-four persons became 
members mostly by baptism and mostly in the last six months 
of the pastorate during which there was a powerful revival. 
In this the families of the Ten Lots shared largely as did 
the College. Professors Martin B. Anderson and Justin 
R. Loomis were very active and efficient aids to the pas- 
tor. After a year, in September, 1844, Mr. John C. Stock- 



232 HISTORY or WATEKVILLE. 

bridge, just graduated from the Newton Theological Sem- 
inary came to supply the pulpit and on the nth of Novem- 
ber, 1844, was ordained as pastor ; Professor Loomis being at the 
same time ordained as Evangelist. On the 13th of August, pre- 
ceding, forty-four members had been dismissed to organize a 
church in the west part of the town, now Oakland. Mr. Stock- 
bridge was a man of fine presence, scholarly, genial, courteous, 
and after leaving Waterville held important pastorates and other 
positions of influence and from Harvard University received in 
1859 the degree of Doctor of Divinity. His pastorate closed 
August 15, 1847. His successor, William Crowell, (made D. D. 
1857 by Rochester University^! began his ministry in November, 
1848, was ordained January 31, 1849, and terminated his pasto- 
rate November 30, 1850. He was earnest, scholarly and able, 
but less fitted to be a pastor than an editor which he had been 
before coming to Waterville and again became after leaving. 
During his pastorate only eight were added to the church, but of 
discipline and dissatisfaction there was an excess. 

Rev. N. Milton Wood was pastor during the eight years 1852- 
1859. In these years there were two powerful revivals, the first 
in 1852, the second in 1858, each resulting in large accessions 
to the church. The whole number received during Mr. Wood's 
pastorate was 135, seventy-four of them by baptism. Mr. 
Wood's preaching was clear, strong, direct, scriptural. Pro- 
foundly in earnest he urged with tremendous emphasis at once, 
the terrors and the mercies of the Lord, while his known down- 
right integrity mightily re-enforced his words. Around him 
as leader, the strong forces of the church rallied and wrought 
with a will. His unique personality and his remarkable sermons 
are still remembered clearly by citizens of Waterville. Mr. Geo. 
D. B. Pepper, a student just graduated from Newton Theological 
Institute was ordained as pastor of the church, September 6, 
i860, and remained five years. The Nation's tremendous strug- 
gle for life, engrossed much of the thought of both people and 
pastor, as it did the thought of the whole community and nation. 
It was felt to be the will of the Master that the great principles 
of righteousness involved in the Civil War and the immeasurable 
interests pending, should be emphasized by the pulpit, while the 
fearful sacrifices made by members of the church and society 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 233 

demanded continual words of encouragement, cheer and consola- 
tion. Perhaps this, in part, is the reason why there was no 
larger increase in the membership of the church in those years. 
The total additions were fifty-three. The pastor has never 
ceased to think with grateful wonder of the kindly forbearance 
and sympathetic helpfulness of his people, both men and women, 
to Deacon W. A. F. Stevens, superintendent of the Sunday school, 
and President Champlin, his debt was beyond measure. 

In February, 1867, after about a year and a half of pulpit sup- 
ply by Dr. Adam Wilson and others, Rev. B. F. Shaw, D. D., 
became pastor, continuing his pastorate two and a half years. 
He is said, and probably truly, to have been the most popular 
pastor the church has ever had. Excelling as a strong and 
winning preacher, he still more excelled in the social meetings, 
by his direct address to the conscience and his sweetly persua- 
sive appeal to the heart. Truly so large was the attendance at 
these meetings that it became necessary to enlarge the vestry, 
and in his short pastorate, sixty-three members were added to 
the church, forty-three of them by baptism. The salary also, 
v.-hich until 1852 had been $600 and from that time to Dr. Shaw's, 
about $800, was now raised to $1,200, and the old time cry of 
deficit was no longer heard. Four months after Dr. Shaw's 
withdrawal, Mr. Henry S. Burrage was ordained as pastor, 
December 30, 1869, and remained until October i, 1873. His 
preaching was thoughful and instructive : his interest in all that 
pertained to the life, at once of the church and the community, 
intelligent and active ; and his influence wholesome and per- 
manent. At Dea. Stevens' suggestion he prepared and preached, 
July 9, 1871, a sermon on the history of the church's Sunday- 
school from its organization in 1827. President Henry E. 
Robins' was received into the church just before Pastor Burrage 
left, and through Dr. Robins' influence Rev. Samuel P. Merrill 
became the next pastor in November, 1873. The church then 
numbered 207 members. At the close of Mr. Merrill's pastorate, 
January 15, 1879, the membership was about 360, of whom 144 
had bejn received by baptism. These five and a half years were 
years of intense activity and great achievement. The pastor was 
a man of boundless enterprise, energy, power of work, and prac- 
tical wisdom. President Robins, Dr. Hanson, and others were 



2.34 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

at the front with him and their contagious enthusiasm took pos- 
session of the whole body. He. with the co-operation of these 
workers, at once held a series of special meetings; set a going 
a flourishing young people's meeting: brought in, at one time 
in his pastorate, Evangelist Earle, and at another joined his 
Methodist brethren in revival meetings under lead of the Lynn 
Praying Band; got the students at work in five of the adjacent 
school districts, holding services in the school-houses : moved in 
the formation of a Baptist church in Fairfield ; saw accomplished 
the transformation of the old meeting-house, and the erection 
of the present large and commodious connected vestry ; and 
effected the full inauguration of that mission work among the 
French people of the place, which has since been successfully 
prosecuted and now flourishes under the wise and able ministry 
of Rev. P. N. Cayer. 

On the 17th of April, 1879, Rev. Wm. H. Spencer (see biog. 
ch.) began his happy and successful pastorate of twenty years. 
He brought to the duties of his office and to his life as a citizen 
such qualities of mind and heart, such integrity, fidelity, industry, 
nobility, as to command universal respect and to achieve con- 
tinuous success. He sought and gained for every department 
of Christian work a constant symmetrical, wholesome develop- 
ment. To this, his able pulpit ministrations, his watchful pas- 
toral care, and his practical business sagacity alike contributed. 
The church was made to see and feel its obligations, not to the 
people of Waterville only, but to the whole world, and by all 
possible means to meet those obligations. Special prominence 
was given to foreign missions, though not to the neglect of any 
other department of Christian work. His appreciation of the 
best music secured an enrichment of the service of song, notably 
in the purchase by the church of a new organ at a cost of $2,200. 
This ideal pastorate closed February 12, 1899. The) number of 
additions during it was 590, of which 376 were by baptism. The 
number of members at its close was 457. There were several 
seasons of unusual revival interest, but for the most part the 
growth in number was continuous in connection with the regular 
services of the church. A considerable fraction of the increase 
was from the French population. The French mission on the 
plains, under the immediate pastoral care of its successive min- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 235 

isters, has been from the beginning a source of gain to the church 
and indeed is itself a branch of the church. 

On the 6th of October, 1899, R^^. E. C. Whittemore was called 
to the pastorate and has since discharged its duties with signal 
ability and success and with rich promise for the future. The 
purchase of the Gallert property on Pleasant street for a parson- 
age, was largely through his influence. A Sunday-school which 
in all its departments, not including the French or any other mis- 
sion school, numbers about six hundred, and is under the efficient 
leadership of Superintendents Dea. Horace Purinton and Mrs. 
A. T. Dunn, powerfully re-enforces the pastor's efficiency. The 
Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor is largeand vigor- 
ous, especially when the college and institute students are in town. 

The woman's mission societies, both home and foreign, are 
aggressive and helpful to every interest of the church. The 
organization of women for the care of the church building and 
other material interests of the church, raises much money for its 
purposes and promotes its social and spiritual welfare. The 
church, not including the French mission, raises annually, for 
home expenses, about $3,500, and for outside causes, nearly 
$1,000. These figures do not include the money that is given 
in other than the regular process of collection. Of the large 
representation which the church, by virtue of its connection with 
the college, has in various departments of Christian work at 
home and abroad and of the members, men and women, who for 
like reason have attained to great distinction, it has not seemed 
best to speak. A grand roll-call it would be if their names 
should all be spoken. Yet the church has not attained. The 
word of both pastor and people is "Fonvard." 



THE UNIVERSALISTS. 

It is noteworthy that the first Universalist minister of Water- 
ville, Thomas Barnes, was also the first Universalist minister 
ordained in the State, and has been called "the father of the 
faith in the State of Maine." He visited Belgrade, Water- 
ville and Farmington in 1802. He had been a Baptist but 
became a Universalist in Jaffrey, N. H., in 1783. In 1798 
he visited Maine and the next vear organized the Eastern 



236 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Association of Universalists in Gray, where the next two 
annual meetings were held, where he was ordained, January 
6, 1802. The 1 2th annual meeting of the association was held 
in West Waterville, called in a report of the meeting "back 
Waterville," September 5, 1810, and with Father Barnes was 
another minister, Rev. Isaac Root. Mr. Barnes wrote that "the 
services were performed before a respectable and crowded assem- 
bly, with vocal and instrumental music truly animating to every 
soul." The 15th annual meeting of the association was also held 
in "back Waterville" and the circular letter written by "Thomas 
Barnes, clerk" and the minutes of the proceedings signed by 
"Isaac Root, moderator and "Thomas Barnes, clerk" are still 
extant. At a meeting of the association held in Winthrop in 
1 82 1, there were present eight Universalist ministers. Three 
"came into the work of the ministry" at that time, "Br. Frost, 
recently converted from the Baptist order," Sylvanus Cobb, and 
Wm. A. Drew. It is thus evident that in West Waterville there 
was more of Universalism than in the east part of the town, and 
that in this vicinity there had been made a considerable progress 
by that faith. It is, therefore, not surprising that in this part of 
the town there shouljJ have been so much of welcome to the cause 
that it was decided to hold here the annual meeting in 1823. 

At that meeting a sermon preached by the eminent Rev. Hosea 
Ballou, won over to the Universalist faith, JMr. Jediah Morrill. 
From that day until his death he devoted himself whole-heartedly 
and effectively to the Universalist cause, and as a crowning testi- 
monial of his love for the society, made to it in his extreme old 
age, a gift of $3,000, to be a perpetual fund whose income should 
go for the maintenance of preaching. In 1826, May 28, Rev. 
Sylvanus Cobb organized a Universalist church in Waterville, 
consisting of the following persons: Sylvanus Cobb, pastor; 
Eunice H. Cobb, Nathan Sawtelle, Sarah J. Sawtelle, Elizabeth 
Blackwell, Hampden Keith, Levi Barrett, Rebecca Barrett, Abel 
Wheeler, Erastus O. Wheeler, Susanna A. Wheeler, Cyrenus 
Wheeler, May M. Wheeler, May Eaton, Elizabeth McFarland, 
Benjamin Carson. Of these, eleven belonged in Waterville, the 
other six in the neighboring towns of Fairfield, Winslow and 
Sidnev. 




RKV. S. F. SMITH. D. D. REV. D. N. SHELDON. D. D. 

REV. CAI.VIN GARDNER. 
REV. GEORGE D. LINDSAY. REV. THOMAS ADAMS, D. D. 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 237 

After seven years' service, the last two as pastor of the new 
church, Mr. Cobb removed to Maiden, Mass., to prosecute that 
work which gave him so great distinction as a writer and leader. 
On his removal Rev. W. A. Drew of Augusta preached here 
occasionally. It was apparently not accidental, that as the Bap- 
tists began their work in the town under the leadership of men 
who were an ability and standing among the foremost of their 
denomination, so also the Universalists had for their first leaders, 
men of like eminence. . The character of the people and the cir- 
cumstances combined to make this a requisite to immediate suc- 
cess. 

Until 1 83 1 the preaching services had been held, by consent of 
the town, in the town meeting-houses, under an arrangement 
equitable to other denominations. The disadvantage of this 
arrangement and the importance of having a church home of 
their own had become so obvious and urgent to the Universalists 
in this part of the town, that they now decided to build for them- 
selves, a house of worship. To this end the First Universalist 
Society was organized "at a local meeting of the Members of 
the First Universalist Society in Waterville holden at the East 
meeting-house in Waterville, pursuant to notice given on a war- 
rant granted by Tim. Boutelle Esquire, on the 17th day of Nov- 
ember, A. D. 1831, at 4 o'clock P. M." Col. Chas. Hayden was 
chosen moderator ; Alpheus Lyon, clerk ; Jediah Morrill, treas- 
urer; Wm. Dorr, collector. A committee of six, of which 
Jediah Morrill was chairman, was "raised" with full power in 
the name of the society to form plans for a meeting-house, secure 
a suitable lot, contract for the erection of the house, and sell pews 
to pay expenses, "the house to be completed one year from date." 
That they acted with commendable efficiency is apparent, for the 
next record, bearing date "1832, November 8th," shows votes 
passed "that the meeting-house be dedicated on the 1st day of 
January, next" ; that a committee of which Jediah Morrill was 
chairman "purchase a stove, carpets, etc.," and that "Brother 
George Bates be invited to preach the sermon at the dedication." 
A glad day for the society was that first day of January, for now 
they had their own "house and home." It is an interesting fact 
that there still remains with us in a vigorous, cheerful old age, 
one of the forty men who signed the request to Timothy Boutelle 



238 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

to issue a warrant to call the meeting for the first organization 
of the society, — his name, the last on the list, as he is himself the 
last in the land of the living, — our venerable friend Walter 
Getchell, whose zeal for his church, to this day, has not failed 
or even flagged. 

The cost of the house was $4,200. The clock, costing $300, 
was given by Jediah Alorrill and a part of the lot (valued at 
Sioo), on which the house was built and still stands, by Simeon 
Mathews. An interesting letter of the building committee, being 
dated, "Waterville. ist July, 1832," written to Mr. Samuel 
Appleton is still in existence in the possession of Mr. A. A. Plais- 
ted, the committee consisting of Jediah Morrill, Simeon Mathews, 
Elah Esty, Alpheus Lyon and Chas. Hayden, say: "Dear Sir: 
We have raised by subscription, a sum to purchase a bell for our 
new meeting-house. We wish you to purchase one and have 
the same shipped immediately. As this is pro bono publico we 
hope you will not think us trespassing on your goodness too far. 
We want to purchase a bell from ten to twelve hundred weight. 
Consult your own judgment in regard to tone and size within 
these limits : not to exceed in price, $360, should like it on six 
months ; we should like one not too sharp or flat, but about on 
letter F for tone. You will, of course, buy on best possible 
terms." In a postscript Mr. Appleton is asked to inquire for 
the cost of a clock "suitable for the place, in position," and adds 
that "we understand that it is the practice to warrant bells ." On 
the eleventh of the following ]\Iarch the town voted to authorize 
the selectmen to hire a suitable person to ring the bell on the 
Universalist meeting-house, three times a day for one year, at an 
expense not above $30. The building committee had shown 
excellent judgment in the choice of location and lot, and in the 
plan for the house and its equipment, and much business energy 
and ability in the executing of their plan. The goodly house 
continued to render satisfactorily the designed service until the 
beginning of 1894, when it was greatly damaged by fire. The 
society at once set to work to repair it, meeting, meanwhile, in 
the Unitarian house on invitation of that society. It was voted 
by the pewholders to expend $1,500 to repair and remodel the 
house, and the proposition of Mr. Geo. H. Ware to move the 
house back near to the north line of the lot midway between Elm 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 239 

Street and Silver street, and to turn it so tliat it should front 
to the south, and to make under it a suitable celler, all at his own 
expense, was thankfully accepted. The first bell, which for some 
time had been speaking with a cracked voice, was now given in 
exchange as part payment for a new bell costing $300. Mr. 
Charles Barney of St. Louis, Mo., gave $150 toward this, and the 
old bell, estimated at the same amount, paid the remainder. The 
organ had been sold and a new one bought in 1852, and thorough 
repairs, at an expense of $600, made in 1854. Mrs. Susan Hoag 
gave $500 for further repairs in 1879. The house has three 
memorial windows, one behind the pulpit, given by the late Mrs. 
F. Smith in honor of her parents. Rev. and Mrs. Gardner ; one 
by Mr. W. B. Arnold and sisters in honor of their parents ; a 
third by Miss Hannah Powell's Sunday-school class of young 
men. From the beginning the society has been vigilant, prompt, 
and efficient in its business, and has, at the present time, free 
of debt, a commodious church home admirably fitted to its pur- 
pose. It is as good as new and in some respects better than when 
new — better certainly in cherished and sacred memories. 

The pastors, since the organization of the society, have been 
Rev. Calvin Gardner, twenty years, September, 1833 — January, 
1853; Rev. W. B. Lovejoy, 1853 — '54; Rev. Henry C. Leonard, 
seven years, 1854 — '61; Rev. A. P. Dillingham, 1862 — '64; 
Rev. Frank Maguire, 1865 — '68 ; Rev. Joseph O. Skinner, 1869 
— 'y^. Since Mr. Skinner's pastorate, the pastoral care of the 
society has, for most of the time, been in charge of ministers 
who have divided their labors between this and societies in the 
neighboring towns. Rev. E. I^L Grant of West Waterville, 1875 
— '76; Rev. Amos Battles of Bangor, 18S0; Rev. G. G. Hamil- 
ton of Oakland, 1882— '84; Rev. R. H. Aldrich of Fairfield, 
1884— '88: Rev. S. G. Davis of Fairfield, 1S89— 91 ; Rev. E. L. 
Houghton, 1892 — '95; Rev. Wm. E. Gaskin, 1895 — '98; Rev. 
J. F. Rhoades of Fairfield. 1898 to 1902. 

Under the long and prosperous pastorate of Mr. Gardner the 
congregations were large and the Sunday school flourishing. 
Indeed this state of things continued until the organization of 
the Unitarian society. That event was a severe blow to the Uni- 
versalist interest, for it drew away not a few valued and influ- 
ential members. To some, at least, of those that remained, this 



240 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

withdrawal seemed almost like treason, and even to have in it a 
tinge of matricide. But the location of the places of worship 
respectively, prior religious views and preferences, and perhaps 
social and other considerations were potent. Probably the old 
home has been not a whit less dear to the brothers and sisters 
that remained than it would have been if all had stayed by, and 
perhaps the influences in the home have been for each heart more 
strong and helpful — the greater the sacrifice the greater and 
sweeter the blessing. The interest in the Sunday school and 
Young People's Christian Union and other religious work is 
effective and fruitful. A pastorate of twenty years among a 
people of such intelligence, and financial, business and social 
standing is itself a high testimony to the worth of Mr. Gardner. 
The warm regard with which Mr. Leonard is still remembered 
is due to his signally genial spirit and the purity and elevation 
of both his life and his preaching. The others have had each 
his own marked e.xcellencies and wrought faithfully in his own 
special way and power. The bare mention of some of the famliy 
names constantly appearing in the records of the society is the 
most impressive exhibition of its historic position in the town. 
Among them the Morrill, Mathews, Smith, Moor, Crommett, 
Hayden, Redington, Philbrick, Getchell, Dorr, Paine, Moor, 
Arnold, Percival, Esty, Dunn. Phillips, Vose, Tozier — , but one 
must stop somewhere, though it seems almost an injustice not to 
go on to the end. One wonders, especially one familiar with the 
history of the town, where was to be found material for other 
churches. But Waterville has been and is rich in men and 
women. There have been enough to go around, and so all the 
churches and societies come to the end of the century, not only 
with inspiring memories but also with inspired hope. 

Under the history of education in Waterville due recognition 
will be given to the Waterville Liberal Institute. In this con- 
nection is to be noted the fact that it was a child of the Univer- 
salist society and an evidence of the intelligence and enterprise 
of its members. The Baptist society had the college for its 
mother ; the Universalist society, the Liberal Institute for its 
child. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 24I 

THE CONGREC.ATIONALISTS. 

The Congregational churches of New England are a continua- 
tion of the Puritan churches, but with important changes. The 
connection which they held with the state has been severed, and 
other changes in doctrine and practice have come with the lapse 
of time, but the Congregationalists and the Puritans of New 
England are still reckoned as one. In this view it would seem 
that the religious life provided by the town of Winslow before 
Waterville's separate incorporation, and by Waterville immedi- 
ately afterward should gradually and without a break, have 
developed itself into a Congregational church of the more modern 
type. This, however, was not to be. Not until August 21, 1828, 
ten years after the organization of the Baptist church, was the 
Waterville Congregational church established. Attempts to 
organize a church of this order, however, were made as early as 
1806. Rev. David Thurston of Winthrop, at that time labored 
here nine weeks. In his journal he writes : "I found no man 
at the river who was a member of any church. At West Water- 
ville there were a few members of a Baptist church. The state of 
religion was low indeed." After eleven years (1817) a Mr. 
Emerson of Vassalboro was sent here by the Maine Missionary 
Society to examine the field and, if advisable, to make a second 
attempt to gather a church. He reported to the society a sad lack 
of evangelical piety in the place. In consequence of this report, 
and of the organization of the Baptist church the next year 
(1818) under the lead of President Chaplin, further effort was 
for the time suspended. In 1828 the population of the town had 
so increased (estimated at 2,200 — 2,500, of whom 800 lived in 
the village) that there seemed to be room for a second evangelical 
church. Accordingly the five Congregationalists (one man and 
four women) then residing here, secured the services of Rev. 
Eben Carpenter to hold a series of revival meetings for six 
weeks. These were so successful that steps were taken to 
organize a Congregational church. A council was called to 
meet August 21, 1828, composed of Revs. David Thurston, of 
Winthrop ; Benjamin Tappan of Augusta ; George Shepherd of 
Hallowell ; Josiah Peck of Norridgewock ; and Thomas Adams 
of Vassalboro, with the lay delegates of their churches. David 



242 HISTORY OF WATERNILLE. 

Thurston was moderator and Thomas Adams scribe. The coun- 
cil gave its approval to the steps taken and the church was duly 
organized and recognized. The constituent members were 
twelve, three men and nine women, seven bringing letters from 
churches in other towns and five uniting with these by confes- 
sion of faith. Their names were Geo. W. Osborn, Sophia Pear- 
son, Rhoda Stetson, Alvan and Sally Blackwell, Sophia Red- 
ington, Violinda Piper, Asa Redington, Jr., Susan Hastings, 
Mary Hayden, Cyrena Withman, and Amy Pullen. Rev. Ezra 
N. Smith, in his historical discourse preached at the church's 
semi-centennial, said: "This then (was) the little germ of our 
present vigorous family tree. * * * The church thus estab- 
lished was small and weak, utterly unable to sustain the regular 
preaching of the gospel, yet full of courage and hope for the 
future. Preachers were sent occasionally by the Maine Mis- 
sionary Society, Rev. Dr. Gillett, the secretary of the society, 
coming most frequently. * * * The church remained for 
seven years following its organization without a permanent 
minister, small and weak, with very little to strengthen it, and 
laboring under the additional disadvantage of having its place 
of meeting shifted hither and thither." In the latter part of 1834 
Rev. Thomas Adams, who for sixteen years had been the very 
successful pastor of the Vassalboro Congregationalist church, 
came to Waterville, held a protracted meeting, infused new life 
into the church, welcomed to its fellowship new members, secured 
the erection of a good meeting-house and on the day of its dedi- 
cation, September 27, 1836, was installed as pastor. Up to this 
time, while acting as stated supply, twenty-six new members had 
been received. Another protracted meeting of eight days' con- 
tinuance was held immediately after his installation in which 
Drs. Pond of Bangor and Tappan of Augusta had part. 
Although his pastorate closed August 31, 1838, one year and 
eight months after his installation, twenty-one persons had mean- 
while been added to the church, making in all, during his minis- 
try, forty-seven additions. 

Rev. Calvin E. Park, ordained and installed as pastor, October, 
1838, served five years and eight months and the results of his 
work were seen in a steady growth in the members of the church. 
The new members received, during that time, were thirty-nine. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 243 

Roswell Dwight Hitchcock, afterward eminent as an educator 
and president of Union Theological Seminary, supplied the 
church for one year, 1844-5. He was succeeded by Richard B. 
Thurston, who was ordained and installed November 10, 1846. 
Next to the pastorate of Rev. E. N. Smith, Mr. Thurston's is the 
longest in the history of the church, eight years and four months, 
closing March, 1855, Under him thirty-seven were added to the 
church. On the 15th of November of this same year Rev. Wm. 
B. Greene became pastor, receiving, like his two predecessors, 
both ordination and installation. During his three years' stay, 
forty-five were added to the church. 

Rev. Edward Hawes was the ne.xt pastor. He came directly 
from the Bangor Theological Seminary and was ordained and 
installed in 1858, remaining as pastor until 1864. 

It is an interesting fact that Rev. Josiah T. Hawes, the father 
of Edward, was the first young man whom Rev. Thomas Adams, 
the first pastor of the church, received into the Vassalboro church, 
and, indeed, into any church, since the Vassalboro pastorate was 
his first. For a man only twenty-four years of age and without 
experience in public life to take his place in the line of pastoral 
succession was a severe test. Mr. Hawes stood this test grandly. 
He had a clear mind, an appreciation of the best thought, a strong 
hold on the truths of the Gospel, practical tact and good sense, 
loyalty and love to his denomination and church, a fine presence, 
excellent rhetoric and oratory, and sweetness combined with 
light. He excelled as a platform speaker not less than as a 
preacher, and at the outbreak of the war, was in demand for 
rally meetings. His church and society were as one with him 
in all his efforts. He writes of his ministry here, that he "lived 
it happily for six years, without friction, and without a single 
unkind act or word to remember, and that the parting was, he 
believed, with mutual regret." There are many living who will 
not doubt that this is a true statement. During his ministry, 
fifty-five were added to the church, and important changes for 
the better made in the material and social interests of the society. 

After Mr. Hawes had left, the Rev. P. C. Headley, author of 
several biographical volumes for young people, supplied the pul- 
pit for some months, ind on the 22nd of March, 1866, Benjamin 
A. Robie, just graduated from Andover Theological Seminary, 



244 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

was ordained and installed. His ministry of five years was 
eminently satisfactory and his resignation in March, 1871, was 
reluctantly accepted. During his pastorate, thirty-four new 
members were received. After a supply of the pulpit for nine 
months by Mr. Calvin G. Hill, just graduated from Bangor, and 
the short pastorates of Rev. James Cameron and Rev. Mr. Crum- 
rine the Rev. C. D. Crane became pastor of the church. Although 
not remaining a full two years, he wrought with such effect as 
to make these years among the most prosperous in the history 
of the church. His successor, Mr. Smith, said of him that he 
introduced into the fold an element of youthful vigor and 
strength containing great promise of future usefulness and 
growth. By his ministry to the church and his marriage to a 
daughter of Waterville, Mr. Crane identified himself with the 
city in such a way as to make this a home where he is ever wel- 
comed. Rev. Ezra N. Smith (1877 — '88) was a man of spirit- 
ual wisdom and practical sense, and by his modest integrity and 
■wholesome influence commanded the respect of the entire com- 
munity and greatly strengthened his church and society. Rev. 
Leavitt H. Hallock, who succeeded him, (1889 — '92) was full 
of enterprise, the results of which are visible to those who walk 
our streets. His successor, Rev. George V. Washburn (1893 — 
'96), was in theology conservative. A man of rare conscien- 
tiousness and downrightness. The present pastor. Rev. Edward 
L. Marsh, began his ministry here in 1897. Without neglecting 
other applications of the Gospel, he emphasises especially, its 
power for civic righteousness and for the salvation of the young. 
Most of the pastors of the church have been young men. About 
one-half of them directly from the theological seminaries. Yet 
the pastorates, though averaging high for ability, have averaged 
low for length. Dr. Hawes, in a recent letter writes as follows : 
"I went back to Waterville to attend the fiftieth anniversary of 
the church. I think it had had thirteen pastors. It was an inter- 
esting fact that the first pastor. Rev. Thomas Adams, and the 
last, myself, were present on that occasion, and that no one of 
the number between had died. A ministry in Waterville was in 
no case fatal." 

The church has given to the Gospel ministry two of its mem- 
bers. Revs. Charles H. Pcrcival and William F. Jordan. Two 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 245 

members of the society gained distinction in the Civil War, Wil- 
Ham S. Heath, who entering the army with the rank of captain, 
became Heutenant-colonel, and was killed early in the war 
at Gaines' Mill, and Francis E. Heath, familiarly known 
as Colonel Heath, although he had reached the rank of 
brevet general. In the teaching profession it has been repre- 
sented by Mrs. Mary Hanson, long associated in instruction with 
her husband in the Coburn Classical Institute ; Prof. Wallace S. 
Elder, Miss H. M. Parmenter and others of like ability. 

In addition to the regular preaching services of the church 
on Sundays, and the weekly social meetings, there are maintained 
the appropriate activities of Sunday school and Christian 
Endeavor Societies (young people). The Sunday school has 
221 members; the Y. P. S. C. E., 80 members. In this centen- 
nial year there has been introduced a course of systematic instruc- 
tion in the work of home and foreign missions, chiefly as carried 
on by the Congregationalists. A graded course extending 
through one year has been prepared by a competent committee. 
The Sunday school gives the fourth Sunday of each month to one 
lesson of this course, and a teachers' meeting is held in prepara- 
tion to teach it. The amount given for missions, at present, 
averages a trifle more than one-tenth of all moneys raised. The 
average is $3,000 for home expenses, and $330 for missions. 
The organizations for woman's work were in 1901 united under 
the name '"Federated Church Workers." One day each week is 
known and observed for "church work." This centralization has 
been a source of strength. The "Workers" are about to expend 
$800 in church repairs. 

The church at a very early date took an advanced position on 
the temperance question. At a quarterly fast meeting, March 5, 
1836, it was "resolved that in the future the unfermented fruit 
of the vine be used by the church at its communion." Again, 
September 3, 1837, after a preamble affirming the current Chris- 
tian judgment of the sin of the liquor traffic and the urgent need 
that the church testify against it, it was "resolved, that those who 
may hereafter unite with this church shall be considered as pledg- 
ing themselves by that act totally to abstain from the use of 
intoxicating drinks as a beverage. Resolved, that if any mem- 
bers of this church shall, after this expression of its views be 



246 HISTORY OF WATKRVILLE. 

engaged in the traffic of intoxicating drinks except for use in 
medicine or the arts, they shall be dealt with as for any other 
immorality." The spirit of the fathers lived in those that fol- 
lowed. Joshua Nye, still living in Boston. Mass., at an advanced 
age, was for many years foremost in the activities and support of 
the church and foremost also in the enforcement of the prohib- 
itory law. In i865-'66 he was by the town made "inspector of 
the police," and on the 12th of March, 1866, the town passed a 
unanimous vote of thanks to him "for his heroic and successful 
efforts in shutting up the rum shops." 

As soon as the church had a pastor (1834) it set itself to the 
task of securing a suitable meeting-house. The sum of $1,000 
was raised in the town by the sale of shares, the present site was 
purchased, and a building begun. Its vestry was completed by 
Thanksgiving Day, 1835, and on that day the first service in it 
was held. The vestry served the church until the next year 
(1836) when the whole house was finished and dedicated. 
Father Adams preached the sermon. "During the pastorate of 
Rev. Edward Hawes the meeting-house was cut in halves and 
the two ends moved apart, the space between was then filled and 
thus the building much enlarged." While Rev. Ezra N. Smith 
was pastor the present vestry was built and the original vestry 
under the church converted into a supper room. "In 1889, dur- 
ing the pastorate of L. H. Hallock, the meeting-house was again 
extensively repaired at a cost of nearly $3,000. The organ was 
moved to the front, the pews upholstered, the walls and ceiling 
frescoed, a porte cochere built over the front door and the whole 
building lighted by electricity. During this pastorate also the 
parsonage was built. The so-called Mayo lot at 9 Park street 
was purchased for $3,000 and the parsonage built at a cost of 
$5,000. Of this money $2,000 was raised at the time and a sink- 
ing fund established in the Building and Loan Association by 
which the balance was to be paid by shares of $1.00 a month 
each. The church paid two legacies, one of $1,000 from the 
estate of Mr. Alfred C. Burleigh, and one of $500 from the estate 
of Mrs. Mehitable Stark toward this fund, and January i, 1902, 
at its annual roll-call meeting, it subscribed $280 to pay the bal- 
ance of the parsonage debt. The parsonage was dedicated 
Christmas night, December 25, 1890, and the last dollar of indebt- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 247 

edness for it paid January i, 1902. Another bequest of $500 
from the estate of Miss Betsy R. Brown remains to the church 
as a permanent fund. With such material equipment does this 
church cross the line into the second century of Waterville's 
history. ■ 

THE CATHOLICS. 

In colonial days the conflict between the French and English 
in this country carsied with it somewhat of conflict between 
Catholicism and Protestantism. In this immediate vicinity was 
this realized. The tragic story of Father Rale, the French mis- 
sionary to the Indians, and of his tragic death with the destruc- 
tion of his Christian Indian village in Norridgewock in 1724 has 
been briefly recited in the historical address. 

The monument which stands on the spot and commemorates 
that bloody event of rough wild war, commemorates also the first 
appearance of Roman Catholic work and workers in this neigh- 
borhood and doubtless on the very ground where now stands our 
flourishing city with its successful Catholic church. In that 
old time war the Frencli and their church were expelled ; in 
tbis new time peace they and their faith are back again. 
The antagonism has not returned. Politically we are one 
as Americans : Religiously we grant each to the other that free- 
dom which we claim each from the other. So do we dwell 
together in peace and mutual good will. 

After the year 1724 the Indians, who had been driven to the 
Penobscot, were occasionally visited by priests from Quebec. 
There were a few white Catholics, Acadians, on territory belong- 
ing to New Brunswick, along the St. John's river. In 1822, 
nearly a hundred years after Father Rale's death forty-three 
Catholics in Portland united in a request to the bishop of Boston 
to send them a priest, at least for a visit. At that time the bishop 
of Boston, the Rt. Reverend John Cheverus, afterward Cardinal 
Archbishop of Bordeaux, governed all the Catholics of New 
England, among whom, however, there were only four priests. 
One of these, the Rev. Denis Ryan, was at Whitefield, Maine, 
only a short distance, therefore, from Waterville. There is no 
evidence that he ever visited Waterville, or that there were Cath- 
olics here so early to require his services. The French had begun 



248 HISTORY or WATERVir.LE. 

to come down from Canada, by the route ever since taken in 
1830, and in 1835 there were already in town, mostly if not 
wholly on the Plains, some thirty families. Among these were 
the families of James Perry, Caspar Pooler, and one by the name 
of Ranco. At that time Father Fortier came now and then to 
visit and minister to these people, and after him more frequently 
there came to the growing flock Father Babbst from Bangor. 
In 185 1 the number of Catholics had so increased that they 
formed the purpose to erect a house of worship and to have stated 
religious services. Hitherto they had met in a private dwelling, 
still standing a little to the north of the Protestant mission 
chapel and known as the Matthieu house. In the Waterville Mail 
of that year appeared an article with the following heading : "A 
Catholic Church in Waterville." The article says: "We are 
glad to learn that efforts are in progress to secure the erection of 
a small chapel for the worship of the Catholics. Mr. Caspar 
Pooler and Mr. James Pooler (Perry?) both of whom are said 
to be honest and worthy men, are entrusted with the raising of 
funds. We heartily commend the enterprise to the benevolent 
and to the liberal minded of all sects and classes. A large num- 
ber of families among us are deprived, by their honest convic- 
tions, of the privileges and benefits of public worship. That a 
church of their own will tend to their moral and mental improve- 
ment we can hardly suppose there will be a doubt. The under- 
taking is one that would improve that section of our village and 
we heartily commend its movers for their efforts. Let those 
connected with other sects see that "the Greeks are at their doors' 
and the charity which is at the basis of their religion will tell 
them what to do." 

This disposition of the Protestants to aid their French Catholic 
friends was shown in liberality not only at the beginning but 
subsequently from time to time in their larger and later enter- 
prises, and was duly appreciated and acknowledged. More than 
once did the Catholic pastor publish in the Waterville Mail his 
card of thanks in behalf of his people for generous aid furnished 
especially in connection with church fairs. This liberal dispo- 
sition and grateful appreciation at and from the beginning have 
contributed not a little to the development of that marked good 
will which has ever characterized the mutual relations of Cath- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 249 

olics and Protestants, French and Americans in this town and 
its neighborhood. The effort to secure funds for the new chapel 
was successful. The chapel was erected on Grove street. It 
was a modest structure, in every respect suited to its purpose. 
An estimate by one who had something to do with its erection 
and who worshipped in it regularly until the erection of the new 
house reckons its seating capacity at not less than 300. This 
exceeded the immediate needs of the church, but the leaders fore- 
saw that there would be in the future as there had been in the 
past a constant increase in the Catholic population by births and 
immigration if in no other way. They could not forsee, nobody 
could the rapidity and extent of the increase, especially that 
which followed the erection of the Lockwood Mills and the initia- 
tion and development of other industries. In the last part of 
its twenty years of use as a chapel it was wholly inadequate, and 
it was obviously necessary to substitute for it another structure 
or to have two. The former decision was wisely reached and on 
the erection of the large brick edifice now standing and in use at 
the corner of Elm and East Winter streets the old chapel was 
sold and moved up to a lot near the Congregational church 
where it still renders service in changed form as a private dwell- 
ing. Until 1857 the little church on the Plains was imder the 
pastoral care of visiting priests. Father Nicolyn was the first 
resident pastor and was succeeded by Father L'Hiver and he in 
turn by Father Picard. 

The year 1870 begins a new era in the history of the Catholic 
church in Waterville. In that year came to the pastorate Rev. 
D. J. Halde. In was evident to him and to all that a large and 
costly house in a better location was urgently needed, was, 
indeed, an imperative necessity. He and his brethren set them- 
selves at once with wisdom and vigor to the formation and execu- 
tion of plans to secure the needed house. In a December num- 
ber of the Waterville Mail of 1871, Father Halde has a card of 
thanks to the American friends for their patronage of a fair for 
raising funds for the new church and the Mail of July 5, 1872, 
says : "The Catholics have broken ground for their new house, 
corner of Elm and Winter streets. The old Sanger house, built 
by Rev. Sylvanus Cobb, first Universalist minister in Waterville, 
has been moved to near the south line of the lot and drawn back 



250 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

about six feet, and the church will be in line with the house. The 
church will be a Gothic structure 50x120 feet, twenty-six feet 
posts, with a spire 120 feet in height and it will seat about 600 
persons. The outside will be of brick with heavy buttresses and 
it will be an ornament to the street." There were apparently 
some changes of plan in its erection, for at its completion the 
height of the spire is given as 126 feet. The height of the Uni- 
tarian spire was given as 128 feet and of the Methodist as 133 
feet, nine inches. Another Catholic fair, patronized by the 
"Amercan friends" netted $955.22. The name given to the 
church was that which it still bears, "St. Francis de Sales 
Church, Waterville," and it was dedicated (consecrated) on Sun- 
day, June 14, 1874. The sermon was by Bishop Bacon of Port- 
land. A service of confirmation was held in the church in the 
afternoon. The completion of this noble structure so admirably 
located and so perfectly adapted to its purposes was an event of 
great significance and a great joy to Father Halde and his flock. 
They deserved and received the hearty congratulation of their 
friends. 

Another event of equal, if not greater, significance was the 
coming of Rev. Narcisse Charland in 1880 as the successor of 
Father Halde. For twenty-two years he has filled even to over- 
flowing this important and ever increasingly important pastorate. 
Abundant, tireless, faithful in his ministrations to his own people, 
he has also labored not a little for the Catholic church in North 
Vassalboro. Oakland and elsewhere and has always taken a deep 
interest in all that pertains to the city's welfare. He has shown 
great enterprise and sagacity in enlarging the plant of the church. 
In 1886 he bought of Mrs. Ingalls the McCaflfrey property for 
$3,600 and expended upon it $1,000 additional to make of it a 
parochial residence. The next year he built in the rear of this 
property a parochial school which he completed in 1888 at a cost 
of $7,000. In 1891, at a cost of $8,788 he built and furnished 
for the Ursuline Nuns, whom he had previously brought from 
Canada, a convent building within which is a boarding school. 

In the Ursuline community there are nineteen sisters who 
instruct 500 children. Father Charland in 1895 built at an 
expense of $8,000 the beautiful rectory in which he has lived 
since the beginning of 1896. 



HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 25I 

There is need of more room for his schools and he is now erect- 
ing another building. Early in his ministry he found it neces- 
sary to associate with himself as assistant another priest, and 
still later a second. As nearly the entire French population of 
Waterville and vicinity and many besides are members of his 
church it is obvious that there are ample demands upon the time 
and strength of all three. The four successive services of each 
Sunday at which there is on the average an aggregate attend- 
ance of about 3,400, i. e., at the first and third services l,ioo each 
and 600 at each of the other two. The constant succession of 
marriages and of funerals, and the personal care and counsel of 
the great multitude, a care which extends through all the days 
of all the weeks, involve an incalculable amount of labor and 
responsibility. No ordinary man could fill the pastoral office of 
this great church as Father Charland fills it, and discharge with 
signal success its multifarious duties as he discharges them. No 
wonder that his people revere and love him. Nor is it wonder 
that beyond the limits of his own parish his work and worth are 
so recognized as to confer upon him honor and impose upon him 
corresponding duties. Under Bishop Healy he was a member of 
the Diocesan Council, and he now holds for the Maine Diocese 
the two important positions of examiner of the younger clergy 
and defensor of the marriage tie. Only fifty-two years of age, 
with a strong constitution, robust health, and abounding vigor, 
he may well look around for new worlds to conquer. 



THE UNITARIANS. 

Rev. J. L. Seward, m a discourse preached at the dedication 
of the Ware parlors said : "In a very proper sense we may 
regard Rev. D. N. Sheldon, D. D., as the father of Unitarianism 
in Waterville." If, however, one were to seek for the father of 
that Unitarian thought which unorganized had before been 
diffused through the community and whose existence Mr. 
Seward recognizes, it might appear that Rev. Joshua Cushman, 
D. D., rather than any other could claim that distinction. The 
tenor of his public discourse was signally "liberal" and much 
more fitted to develop the faith of Unitarianism than that of the 
"standing order"' to which he belonged. But a large part of 



252 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

those who by preference were Unitarian? had idenlitied them- 
selves with the Universahst society, had there found a congenial 
home and had been in all respects influential supporters of that 
cause. In the earlier years of organized religious life in Water- 
ville the lines were drawn sometimes rather sharply, between the 
Baptists and the Universalists and even at this late day we now 
and then hear an isolated echo of an old time conflict. Unques- 
tionably Dr. Sheldon was the supreme factor in the movement 
which on July 25, 1863, issued in the organization of the First 
Unitarian Society of W'aterville. One may not perhaps say that 
no other man could have brought this event to pass as success- 
fully but for this work he had a rare combination of qualifica- 
tions. His previous life in the town, first as pastor of the Bap- 
tist church and then as president of the college, had brought him 
into close and influential relations with the community and espec- 
ially with those persons more or less closely affiliated with the 
Baptist cause who yet were somewhat inclined to Unitarianism. 
In natural and acquired ability he was a man of note, thinking 
clearly in religious and philosophical lines, and expressing his 
thought in pure idiomatic English ; he was social and familiar 
with people of all religious preferences and connections and duly 
aggressive in his private as well as public advocacy of the prin- 
ciples then only recently professed by him, and his character and 
reputation were such as to command confidence in him as a leader 
in the proposed enterprise. Some of his personal friends secured 
him to preach two sermons in the town hall in the months of 
June and July respectively in 1859. They interested others to 
unite with them in the successful eflfort to secure his services for 
ten Sabbaths during i860. These too were held in the town 
hall and usually at intervals of one month. The increase of 
interest and of the number interested was constant, so that at the 
close of i860 Dr. Sheldon was engaged to preach during 1861 
on the second Sabbath of each month, continuing, however, as 
pastor of the Unitarian church in Bath until the end of the year, 
when he resigned that pastorate to become the pastor of those 
people who, as yet not formally organized as either church or 
society, were united in attachment to him and his views and in 
readiness to give and work to plant here a Unitarian vine. His 
first sermon as their pastor was preached January i, 1862. He 



HTSTOKY OF WATERVILLE. 253 

moved his family from Batli to Watcrville April 3. 1862, and 
resided here until his death. (See biog. ch.) The First Unita- 
rian Society of Waterville was organized in the town hall July 
25, 1863, and its constitution adopted in the same place on the 
27th of the same month. The formal application for a warrant 
directing the call for a meeting to organize was presented July 
17 of the same month to E. L,. Getchell, Esq., justice of the peace, 
signed by D. L. Milliken, John Ware, Wm. Dyer, Geo. Went- 
worth, L. E. Thayer, James P. Blunt, Ira H. Low, G. A. Phillips, 
and C. K. Mathews. The constitution adopted was brief and 
simple, consisting of five articles determining: (i) The name 
of the society ; (2) its officers ; (3) their duties ; (4) the condi- 
tions of membership (which were admission by vote of the 
society and signing of the articles) ; (5) the right to amend or 
add to the articles. To it was prefixed a statement of the pur- 
pose of the society as follows : For the public worship of God, 
the promotion of piety, the extension of religious knowledge, the 
aid of Christian charities, and, generally, for such objects as 
religious societies have in view. Rev. D. N. Sheldon, Franklin 
Smith, E. L. Getchell and Ephraim Maxham were elected as 
members on the evening of its adoption. Of subsequent addi- 
tions to membership there seems to be no record until December 
27, 1894, when it was "voted that the following named persons 
be accepted as members of the society, said persons to become 
full members upon signing their names upon page 250 of these 
records." 

In explanation of this somewhat peculiar action and its result 
one must take into consideration the formation of the church 
organization in distinction from that of the society of which an 
account is given below. It was evidently felt that the special 
ends which it was the purpose of the church to attain could be 
better realized without a separate organization. Accordingly, 
to the page on which were to be signed the names of those who 
would be full members of the society there was prefixed the fol- 
lowing "bond of fellowship :" "Recognizing no other test of 
fellowship than fraternity of spirit, we adopt the following state- 
ment as indicating the value of the tie that binds us together. 
In the love of truth and in the spirit of Jesus we unite for the 
worship of God and the service of man." This is an abbreviated 



254 HISTOKY OF WATEK\"ILIX. 

repedtion of the original statement of the object of the society, 

and in effect a declaration that the chiirch organization was 
superfluous. Its functions as a distinct bodv had already been 
suspended and have not since been revived. Two hundred and 
fiftr names, both men and -women, make up the list of those who 
were accepted as members. Onl}- thirtT;--ihree signed on the 
designated page. Many were both called and chosen but few 
heard and heeded. This was doubtless due, not to lack of s>-m- 
patfay with the cause, "but to an emphatic individualism which 
is comparatively independent of organization.'' Those not sign- 
ing have doubtless been as loyal supporters of the sodetj- as have 
the signejs. The "accepted" members and the "full members" 
share alike in all the acti-vities of the society. The purpose and 
effect of signing the bond was not to create an outward distinc- 
tive activity but to express the normal prindple of the society- 
life and so to develop it. 

There -was no church organisation until September 2, 1888, 
when the pastor. Rev. J. L. Seward, advocated and secured one. 
In his record of its formation. Pastor Seward states that imtil 
that date "no church (Unitarian) in the proper sense had ever 
been organized (in Waterv-ille) ," and adds that its (covenant 
was composed In- the venerable 'Rex. D. X. Sheldcm, D. D., who 
took an active interest in the formation of the diurch." The 
'"covenant," is in form a creed or "Declaration" of faith, wth 
dght articles. They affirm belief in God as the supreme object 
of worship ; in his Son Jesus Qirist as the best manifestation of 
God ; in Christianit}- as a di^nne law of life ; in the Bible, especially 
the New Testament, as a product of divine inspiration and the 
best teaching ever given to the world ; in personal immortality 
and the necessity of faith, hope and love as a condition of well- 
being; in the brotherhood of mankind and God's good pleasure 
"to bring them all through whatsoever discipline to final holiness 
and happiness ;" in public worship and the ordinances of "Bap- 
tism and the Memorial Supper; and finally in the dutj- not to 
make these articles an authoritative creed or test of church fel- 
lowship but to "respect and honor all earnest seekers after truth 
and righteousness." The constituent members or original "Cov- 
enanters" were twentA-four. There are now forty-six names on 
the rolls. These are all of whose admission to the church there 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 255 

is anv record. The six covenanters whose names appear first 
on the list are those of Pastor Seward, Dr. and Mrs. Sheldon, 
Mr. and Mrs. Simeon Keith and Mr. H. D. Bates. The honor- 
able list of twent>-four is closed and crowned with the name: 
"Mrs. Sarah M. W^are, widow of John Ware, Sr."' For the 
origination and maintenance of the church to the close of his 
ministn,- as also for the preservation of its records in the most 
complete and admirable form, great credit is due to Pastor 
Seward. The record book, to which little has been added since 
he left, is, for the time covered by his pastorate, in all respects a 
model. 

Other organizations connected with the society have been or 
now are the following : Sunday school ; Ladies* Circle, dating 
from 1880, with Mrs. Sarah \\"are as president until her death ; 
Women's Auxiliar}% the ^\'ate^^•^lle branch of the Unitarian 
Women's Auxilian.-. ha\-ing for its object religious study and 
missionary and denominational work: the Sorosis, a society of 
the young ladies of the Unitarian church, dating from 1S89. and 
the Fatima Club, both ha\nng as their object work in the interest 
of the society. 

The "house and home" of these organizations, the edifices in 
whidi they gather, are admirable and adequate alike in respect 
of the location, the buildings, and their furnishings. The Town 
Hall was the meeting-house of the Unitarians at the beginning. 
In 1865 a movement \\-as made to raise money for a suitable 
house of their own. In October of that year the American Uni- 
tarian Association, through its secretary-, promised to the sodetv 
$2,000 toward the proposed house on condition that it should be 
erected free from debt, and a prescribed bond executed. At a 
meeting of the society, November 11, the gift with its condi- 
tion was accepted, and thanks voted to the association and by 
name to seven men in Portland for aid in building. Its erection 
was vigorously pressed and in the summer of 1S66 it was ready 
for the sale of pews. They were sold at auction, in August. 
some on the 13th, some on the 15th and some on the i8th, while 
a few remained unsold. Mr. G. A. Phillips was auctioneer, and 
the three sales together realized $2,664. There are recorded 
votes of thanks "to Alben Emer>-, Esq. of Wate^^'ille. for his 
munificent gift of a bell for our house of worship ;" "'to J. M. 



256 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Crocker, Esq., for his valuable present of a clock;" "to Col. R. 
H. Greene of Winslow for a Bible ; to Geo. F. Gilman, Esq., of 
New York, for a beautiful set of pulpit furniture and of gallery 
chairs and for his many other manifestations of interest in our 
welfare." We can well imagine the satisfaction with which the 
following sensible resolution was passed : "Resolved ; that we 
look with delight upon the architectural beauty of our house 
of worship and feel justly proud that this fine edifice is the work 
of Waterville mechanics." Then was added a vote of thanks 
to James P. Blunt, Esq., the master mechanic, and "to the home 
talent employed by him." The house was dedicated, Septem- 
ber 4, 1866. The sermon was by Edward Everett Hale, D. D., 
of Boston, Mass., and the prayer of dedication by Rev. C. C. 
Everett of Bangor. The clock in the tower was presented in 
1869 by Samuel Appleton, Esq. 

In 1889 the beautiful building known as "The Ware Parlors" 
was erected, furnished and presented to the society through the 
munificence of Madame Ware. This building was dedicated 
January 14, 1890. The principal address was by Pastor Seward 
and there were congratulatory addresses by other pastors. For 
Sunday school work, committee meetings, the social and kindred 
functions of the society and church the Ware Parlors have been 
constantly and greatly useful. Mrs. Ware gave the building 
without restriction as to its use, assured that there would be "the 
strictest observance of propriety in determining the right and 
expedient uses to which it should be put." Madame Ware had 
also, in 1881, made to the society a permanent loan, practically 
an outright gift, of "the sweet voiced organ" by which the church 
services have been so enriched, and "for a term of years" the fine 
residence by the Park, now owned by one of her sons, Mr. 
Edward Ware, was granted to the pastor, rent free. It was 
appropriate that "a very fine portrait of Madame Ware, in a heavy 
rich frame," and tablet recording the gift of the building were 
placed in the Ware Parlors before its dedication, in recognition 
of all that she had been and had done for the society. 

There have been in all eight pastors of the society and church. 
David Newton Sheldon, D. D., 1862-1876; Rev. John Adams 
Bellows, 1878-1883; Rev. Daniel Rowe, i884-'85, less than one 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 257 

year; Rev. Albert Corydon White, 1885-1887; Rev. Josiah 
Lafayette Seward, B. D., 1888-1893; Rev. Thomas Jefferson 
Valentine, 1894-1897; Rev. John William Barker, November i, 
1897-September 8, 1899; Rev. Arthur G. Pettengill, September, 
1900 to the present, and still pastor. As has appeared from the 
record above given, the pastorates of Dr. Sheldon and Mr. 
Seward were specially significant. Under the former's able and 
prolonged leadership the society came not only to its birth but 
also to its full maturity, in a rapid and natural growth. Next 
in length were the pastorates of Mr. Seward and Pastor Bellows, 
each five years. Mr. Seward was a man well qualified for leader- 
ship. Whole-hearted and tireless in promoting the interests of 
his own people, he was scarcely less interested in all that affected 
the welfare of the city, and responded readily to calls for ser- 
vice as a member of the school board and in other ways. Young 
men were attracted to his public services and in large numbers 
came under his immediate personal influence. Pastor Bellows 
made his mark as a brilliant preacher. The other pastors have 
been educated men of high character and have contributed each 
his part to maintain and promote the cause. Pastor Pettengill 
is still making his record emphasizing the spiritual life, and his 
work goes forward with good promise. 

While the efficiency of a church depends largely upon its pas- 
tors, it depends still more upon its members. The Unitarians 
of Waterville have from the beginning had at least their full 
share of men and women foremost in ability, culture and influ- 
ence. Whatever may be true as to the present relative standing 
of the society among the Unitarian societies of the State, there 
can be little doubt that to the Unitarians of Waterville belongs- 
the possibility of making it rank among the foremost. 



THE METHODISTS. 

Tlie early history of the Methodist church in Waterville is a 
story of struggle : Those who first tried, found it exceedingly 
hard soil for Methodism. While they received encouragement 
in adjoining towns, the early itinerants strangely avoided Water- 
ville. We have no accounts of any visits to this place by Metho- 
dist preachers until 1827 or 1828, when Rev. Ezekiel Robinson. 
17 



258 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

then preacher in charge of Fairfield circuit, preached occasionally 
in Waterville, and organized a small class. This class was of 
brief continuance. 

In 1832, Rev. Martin Ward preached for a while in Water- 
ville and organized a class of seven persons of which James 
Parker was leader. In 1833, Rev. P. P. Alorrill preached here 
once in four weeks on the Sabbath. In 1835, Rev. Marcus 
Wight rendered the same service and the membership was 
increased to twenty-five. Because of discouragements, the meet- 
ings were discontinued, and the ground abandoned until 1843, 
when Waterville was made a mission station with Rev. Luther 
P. French preacher in charge. The Town Hall was secured for 
meetings — a good congregation gathered and a Sunday-school 
organized. 

In 1844, Rev. Stephen Allen was appointed to this field with 
a missionary appropriation of $150. Incipient measures were 
taken for building a house of worship and a church site bar- 
gained for, but as Mr. Allen left at the close of the year, the 
building enterprise was abandoned. In 1845 Asahel Moore sup- 
plied the mission; in 1846, Rev. Chas. Munger. The society 
again became discouraged and the field was abandoned. In 1851, 
Rev. Stephen Allen was again appointed to preach in Waterville. 
He remained two years. Quite a revival occurred, and there 
was some talk about building a fine house of worship, but because 
of financial embarrassment the enterprise was not attempted. 

During the years 1851-1856, Revs. Stephen Allen, D. Water- 
house and Caleb Fuller were the appointed preachers, the first 
and third serving two years each, the second, one. The question 
of building a meeting-house was again raised in connection with 
a revival under Mr. Allen, and was taken up anew under Mr. 
Fuller, when an eligible site was engaged and arrangments to 
build nearly matured. But nothing further was done. The 
society was broken up, the membership nominally transferred 
to Fairfield charge, and for the next twelve years the society was 
connected with that charge. In 1867 Waterville was again made 
a separate appointment with thirty members, and missionary 
funds were appropriated toward the support of the society. 
This was effected mainly, by the efforts of Rev. Hobart Richard- 
son, then a resident of Waterville. Rev. J. H. Movers was 



HISTORY or WATERVILLE. 259 

appointed preaclier in charge. There were held regiilarly, a 
Sunday morning preaching service in the Town Hall, a Sunday 
evening preaching service in a 3d-story hall in Marston Block, 
and a Thursday evening social meeting in the same hall. A 
Sunday school was organized. This new development was 
largely due to a protracted meeting and revival in the previous 
year. In 1868 Rev. James W. Hathaway was appointed to the 
charge. The society decided to build a church, bought the lot 
on Pleasant street, made plans and contracts and went forward 
imder the leadership of Mr. R. B. Dunn. The estimated cost 
was $16,000, the amount subscribed $4,375, of which Mr. R. B. 
Dunn had pledged $3,000. To appearance, the enterprise was, 
in the highest degree, reckless. The society was poor, Mr. Dunn 
was the only man of considerable financial ability. The build- 
ing, however, went on, Mr. Dunn assuming the responsibility, 
as the emergency required, until the house was finished and fur- 
nished in excellent style throughout, including an organ and bell, 
at a cost of about $18,000, Mr. Dunn paying $14,000. The dedi- 
cation was on the 23rd of March, 1870. The sermon was by 
Rev. j. A. M. Chapman, D. D., of Boston, from the words : "The 
wages of sin is death, but the gift of God is eternal life through 
Jesus Christ our Lord." It was a masterly effort and made a 
deep impression upon the large audience. The pastors of sister 
churches, also several visiting clergymen, assisted in the services. 
Mr. Ladd, now presiding elder of Lewiston district, remained 
as pastor for three years, the full term under the rule of the 
church, during that time fifty-three persons united with the 
church. 1872-1874, Rev. A. W. Pottle was pastor. (A revival 
in which some forty were converted opcurred during his minis- 
try.) In 1875 Rev. Wm. S. Jones was pastor and a gracious 
revival under the labors of the Lynn Praying Band, added one 
hundred new names to the list of members and probationers, 
while many who were converted united with other churches here 
and elsewhere. In 1877- 1878 Rev. Roscoe Sanderson was pas- 
tor. The following is the list of subsequent pastors : Rev. 
Ezekiel Martin, A. W. Pottle, afterwards a presiding elder ; W. 
S. Mclntire, Wm. M. Sterling, Geo. A. Crawford, C. I. Mills, 
H. A. Cliflford, L. B. Codding, Israel Luce, W. F. Berry, (see 
biog. ch.), Geo. D. Lindsay, (see biog. ch.), Albert A. Lewis. 



260 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

During the year 1899 the church was enlarged and beautified, 
under the pastorate of Rev. Geo. D. Lindsay, at an expense of 
$5,000. Mr. Lindsay's health failed during the winter of 1901 
and he was obliged to give up ministerial work. He died in 
Waterville, October 25, 1901. loved and respected by all who 
knew him. 

The foregoing sketch is by the present pastor, who has also, 
by request, furnished the statistics for the following summary. 
At the permanent organization of the church in 1867. there were 
found less than thirty of those who had previously identified 
themselves with the cause here and who, in 1853, numbered 136. 
In 1873 there were 152; 230 in 1883 ; 262 in 1893 : 275 in 1902. 
The total of baptisms is 529. A Sunday school was organized 
in :867, with forty members. There were 173 at the year's close, 
the attendance for the year averaging forty-six. Everett R. 
Druinmond, Esq., was superintendent from the beginning until 
1888 with a brief interruption in 1885. For the last ten years 
this important office has been successfully filled by Miss Sarah 
A. Copp. There are in the school about 300 members, and in its 
library i.too volumes. For about fifteen years, 1880- '95, a Sun- 
day school, with an average attendance some of the time as high 
as fifty, was maintained by the church in the chapel on Sand Hill, 
Winslow, the chapel having been built and owned by the church. 
The church has also, for many years, had two of its members, 
Mr. James L. Corson and Miss Eda L. Fuller working through- 
out the State as missionaries of the Maine Bible Society. Aliss 
May Grover became a missionary in Africa under Bishop Taylor 
in 1887. Although not organi-^ed until after the Civil War, of 
those who have belonged to it, twenty or more were in the Union 
army, while in the war for temperance, the church as a whole has 
been and is a valiant regiment. Indirectly, through its gifts, 
of money for Christian enterprises outside its own limits, it is 
represented in mission and reform work the world over. In 
only one year ( 186S) have its contributions for these fallen below 
$100. The highest sum was $970, in 1897. Since 1881 the 
amount has in only one year been less than $200, while the 
average for these years has been $479, and the average 
for all the years of the church's history has been $346.50. 
Surely the church has had a most honorable record and an 
enviable prospect speaks encouragement. 



HISTORY OF VVATERVir.LE. 261 



THE EPISCOPALTANS. 

The first services of the Episcopal church in Waterville were 
undertaken chiefly through the instrumentality of men who were 
not of her communion. Deacon John B. Bradbury, of the Con- 
gregational society of Waterville, was, during the winter of 
1875-6, boarding in a family with the Rev. George T. Packard, 
the newly appointed rector of St. John's church, Bangor. Mr. 
Charles Follansbee, a nephew of Deacon Bradbury, was a fre- 
quent visitor, and through his uncle became acquainted with Mr. 
Packard. From this acquaintance developed the suggestion to 
hold a service of the Episcopal church in Waterville, and through 
the influence of these gentlemen the first service here was con- 
ducted in the Congregational house of worship, presumably by 
the Rev. Mr. Packard. Such an unexpected interest was mani- 
fested that the Bishop of Maine, the Rt. Rev. Henry A. Neely, 
at once undertook to provide a monthly service. Owing to the 
small number of priests whose services were then at his disposal, 
it was not always possible to carry out this plan, but during the 
next few months, services were frequently held, and the Rev. H. 
L. Yewens of Lewiston and the Rev. Samuel Upjohn of Augusta 
were among those who officiated. 

In June, 1876, the Bishop sent Mr. Henry Jones, — then a can- 
didate for Holy Orders, and now the senior priest actively 
engaged in parochial work in Maine, — to Waterville, "with 
instructions to remain there long enough at least to fairly test the 
desire of any considerable number to have the services of the 
church." The result of this experiment was certainly encour- 
aging, for in December of the same year a petition was forwarded 
to the bishop for the organization of a mission. On December 
22 the "organization was completed under the name of St. Mark's 
church and the mission placed under the care of the Rev. Dr. 
Upjohn. The bishop appointed the following officers : Mr. J. G. 
Soule, warden ; Mr. J. F. Percival, treasurer ; Mr. Jones, the lay 
reader, continued in charge of the ser\'ices. During Mr. Jones' 
term of service the mission used the Universalist house of wor- 
ship part of the time and later occupied the Grangers' hall on 
Main street. Three persons were baptized and confirmed during 
the vear. 



262 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

In June, 1877, the Rev. Edwin F. Small, just ordained Deacon, 
was given permanent charge of the mission. He found a con- 
gregation of about sixty ready to accept his ministrations. In 
the autumn of that year the mission purchased of Mr. Mark 
Gallert the lot of land on Center street on which the church now 
stands, and at the same time leased a new store on Main street, 
belonging to Mr. W. H. Leslie, which was fitted up as a chapel. 
Attention was then directed to the erection of a church. Plans 
were secured and most of the money raised, so that by early 
spring, building operations were begun. The first service was 
held in the new chapel on the evening of July 6, 1878, the Rev. 
Edward R. Brown, of the Diocese of Connecticut, being the 
preacher. The chancel furniture was the gift of the bishop. 
The communion plate was presented by Mrs. Frank Getchell of 
Philadelphia. The altar linen was the work and gift of the 
altar society of St. Mark's church, Philadelphia. Mr. Small 
resigned, March i, 1881, to accept the rectorship of Trinity 
church, Saco. During his ministry twenty-eight persons were 
baptized, and an equal number were presented to the bishop for 
the apostolic rite of confirmation. 

During the next five years the church had two rectors, the Rev. 
John M. Bates, who served two years, and the Rev. L. W. 
Richardson, who remained but a year and a half. For the rest 
of this period the parish had to be content with such ministra- 
tions as from time to time could be furnished. 

The Rev. Melville McLaughlin took charge of the parish on 
the first Sunday in Lent, 1886, and remained until June, 1889. 
Much in a material way was accomplished during his incum- 
bency. The house and lot just east of the church was purchased, 
Mr. McLaughlin advancing the money, and taking a mortgage 
on terms very favorable to the mission. This was done before 
the end of 1886. In 1887 the chapel was painted without and 
frescoed within, the windows put in, various other improvements 
made, and the church was duly consecrated on June 9, the money 
having been raised to make the last payment on the lot. Mr. 
McLaughlin recorded forty-two baptisms and thirty-four con- 
firmatioQs. 

The Rev. James W. Sparks was appointed rector by Bishop 
Neely, November 8, 1889, and remained until October i, 1899, ^ 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 263 

period of ten years, lacking one month. During Mr. Sparks' 
administration the rectory was partially destroyed by fire, and the 
improvements that were made at the time of the rebuilding added 
somewhat to the convenience and the value of the property. The 
scriptural custom of the weekly eucharist was established at the 
outset of Mr. Sparks' rectorship and the Saints' Day celebra- 
tions were also made the rule, in accordance with the prayer- 
book requirement. Mr. Sparks was particularly active as a mis- 
sionary, holding services at Madison, Skowhegan and Shawmut, 
— building at the last named village a beautiful little church at 
a cost of something over $2,000, — and finding and ministering 
to communicants also in Vassalboro, Winslow, Oakland, and 
Norridgewock. Mr. Sparks administered the sacrament of Holy 
Baptism to one hundred and thirteen persons, and presented 
forty-six for confirmation. 

In November, 18Q9, the present rector, the Rev. George Bruce 
Nicholson, came to Waterville, his appointment being almost the 
last official act of the late Bishop Neely prior to his death. The 
affairs of the parish were not then in an ideal condition. With- 
out attempting to fix the responsibility upon anyone, the fact 
remains that there was much disaffection in the congregation, 
and considering its numbers and resources the parish was quite 
heavily in debt. The people, however, seemed quite ready to 
unite in any effort which might be undertaken to renew the inter- 
est and strengthen the work. Steps were at once taken to cancel 
the floating indebtedness of the parish, while in the meantime 
the rector's attention was given to the re-organization of the 
various parochial agencies, and the improvement of the character 
of the services. Friends of the mission here and elsewhere have 
given various accessories of church worship, so that the Catholic 
faith, which is taught in its fulness, may have due outward 
expression in a reverent and appropriate ceremonial, which, 
while modest and simple in its character, follows so far as it goes 
the principles of scriptural symbolism and the historic usages 
of the Catholic church. In the autumn of 1900, the rector pre- 
sented a plan for the liquidation of the debt resting upon the 
property, within five years. The plan met with instantaneous 
approval and response, and more than one-third has already been 
paid. During the same season an extension was built at the 



264 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

south end of the chiircli, providing a choir-room and small 
chapel, and the chancel was remodeled and furnished to accom- 
modate the re-organized vested choir, which, after several 
months' training by the rector, made its first appearance in the 
evening of the feast of St. Cecilia. Up to the present time 
twenty-one have been confirmed. The outlook at the present 
time is hopeful. The parish is united, the congregations are 
growing, the few workers are faithful, financial obligations are 
being faced and discharged, prejudices are in a measure being 
overcome, and St Mark's church enters upon her second quarter- 
century in faith, believing that God has a work for her to do in 
witnessing for a pure Catholicity, and that He will guide her in 
the accomplishment of His purpose. 

The present officers of the mission are : Mr. George S. Dolloff, 
warden; Mr. J. Foster Percival, treasurer; Mr. Lowell G. Salis- 
bury, clerk. The number of communicants in good standing 
is not quite one hundred. 

THE ADVENTISTS. 

Many still living distinctly remember William Miller and his 
trumpet-toned proclamation throughout New England and the 
Middle States, that the second coming of Christ and the end of 
the world were at hand. Who that heard it could forget the 
rallying cry : "Eighteen hundred forty-three will be the year 
of jubilee!" Great and widespread was the interest and his fol- 
lowers in his own lifetime numbered some 50,000. As the event 
showed, he was at fault as to that date as have been many other 
attempts to determine the exact time of the Lord's predicted 
advent. But the conviction that the time is very near at hand 
has remained and widely extended. 

Doubtless there have been in Waterville individuals of this 
faith ever since the time of Miller. There were certainly some 
of them here in the sixties who knew exactly what they believed, 
and who affirmed and defended their faith with ability. No 
effort toward organization seems to have been made until the 
fall of 1894. At that time five men and their wives, most of 
whom were connected with the Charles street mission, reached 
the decision to establish meetings in harmony with their own 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLe. 265 

faith. Accordingly they hired, for this purpose, Golden Cross 
liall, began their meetings at once, and have ever since continued 
them there. Different ministers from various parts of the State 
were for two years engaged from time to time to preach for them. 
There resulted an increase in attendance. It was therefore 
decided in 1896 to organize a church. This was effected Octo- 
ber first with a membership of thirteen and with the following 
officers : Elder, Fred S. Vamey ; deacons, Martin H. Ham and 
Isaac Varney ; clerk, Miss Myra A. Barker ; financial secretary, 
C. G. Hapworth ; treasurer, Mrs. Almeda Rose. Rev. E. E. 
Larcell of Fairfield was unanimously called to be pastor, and at 
the end of his two years of service the membership had increased 
to fifty. Various preachers supplied the pulpit until December 
3, 1899 when Rev. W. M. Strout of Dover, N. H., became pas- 
tor and served until February of the present year. During his 
pastorate the membership of the church has been increased, 
the Sunday school doubled in size, a lot of land on Pearl street, 
facing Nudd street, on which to erect a church building, bought 
and paid for, and money secured sufficient to warrant the taking 
of further steps for its erection. The expectation is that it will 
be completed and ready for dedication in the fall of the present- 
year. The members of the church, although at present without 
a pastor, expect one soon, and they regard the prospects of the 
young church as very bright. 



THE FREE BAPTISTS. 

The Free Baptist church of Waterville is the latest born of 
all the churches of the city. It was organized December 31, 
1 901. Were one to write the history of this church as it "might 
have been" there would be much of effective work and large 
achievement to record. Some twenty years ago Rev. James 
Boyd, agent of the Maine Free Baptist Association, organized in 
this village a Sunday school and for a while held public preach- 
ing services. There were living here at the time a goodly num- 
ber of members of that denomination, some of them persons of 
not a little social and financial ability and influence, and in 
religious character also excellent material to go into a new 
•church enterprise and organization. Indeed long before that 



266 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Deacon Hanscom, (deacon of a Free Baptist church) and all his 
family, living in the house still occupied by his daughters at the 
junction of Main street and College avenue, were loyal and 
downright Free Baptists. Some of the Hills shared very posi- 
tively the same faith. There were others here with them fifty 
years ago, after that still others continued to come, among them 
such families as the Trues and the Purintons. No effort seems 
to have been made to unite these in a society and church 
of their own faith and order until the coming of Rev. James 
Boyd, already noticed. This effort at the first was full of 
promise and would unquestionably have been richly successful 
if it had not been for the unfortunate mistakes of management 
for which the Free Baptists of Waterville were not responsible 
and which they, at the time, greatly regretted. But the loss to 
that denomination wSS gain to the others. The "might have 
been" which has made them "sad" has made others glad. And 
yet, in a truer sense, all have together been both sad and glad 
for we are "all members of one body," and so all share alike the 
joy and sorrow of each. 

The question of separate services and organization was not 
again effectively raised until 1899. At that time Rev. A. D. 
Dodge of Clinton, made the acquaintance of his denominational 
brethren in Waterville, and as the first public result they gath- 
ered on the 20th of August, 1899, in Forester's hall on Temple 
street for their first separate preaching service which was in 
charge of Mr. Dodge. From that day they have held services 
continuously under his charge and leadership. On the ist of 
October, 1900, they moved from Forester's hall to the Grand 
Army hall, and subsequently into the hall over the Woman's 
Association. This they have furnished suitably for their own 
use and at their own expense. On the 31st of December, 1901, 
they were organized into a church of twenty-four members. 
They have as pastor. Rev. A. D. Dodge ; as deacons, Messrs. A. 
E. Purinton and J. G. Butler ; as clerk, Mr. George Smith ; 
Mr. A. E. Purinton is superintendent of the Sunday school and 
chorister and gives himself to the service of the cause with a 
cheerful devotion which is shared by the other workers, both 
men and women. The small number makes heavy the burden 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 267 

of support but the State Convention renders aid in the payment 
of $200 annually toward the pastor's salary. They feel the need 
of a house of worship and hope in due time to secure one. The 
constant increase in attendance on all the services of the church, 
including the Sunday school, makes them hopeful for the future. 
All congratulate them on their good record and wish them well 
for the coming years. 

Note. Tbe sketcli of St. Mark's Episcopal church -was written by its Rector, the 
Kev. George Bruce Nicholson. 



CHAPTER IX. 



THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF WATERVILLE 
By Elwood. T. Wyman, A. M., Superintendent of Schools. 

Seeking after facts concerning the early history of the schools 
of Waterville is largely groping in the dark, for the records of 
the period, so far as they relate to schools, are scanty, and its 
remembrance lies beyond the memory of living men. There is 
enough written down, however, to show that the settlers of this 
part of the Kennebec valley brought with them from Massa- 
chusetts the same high regard for education that made and has 
kept for that commonwealth the foremost place in the Union. 
The mother state gave to her daughter Maine no more precious 
heritage than this strong desire and determination to offer youth 
as much of elementary learning as limited resources could 
provide. 

It took no little sacrifice at times to keep the lamp of popular 
education burning, and while Waterville was yet a part of Wins- 
low there were several occasions when taxes were so grievous a 
burden that no money was voted at the annual town meeting for 
the support of schools. In 1778, Winslow voted to hire preach- 
ing but no schooling; in 1780 the cause of the gospel suffered 
alike with that of education, no money being voted for either 
schooling or preaching. In March, 1787, it was voted to allow 
Capt. Zimri Haywood four pounds, eight shillings and sixpence, 
for paying and boarding a schoolmaster one month. This is the 
first record of a definite sum jiaid to an individual in connection 
with the support of schools. 

In 1788 and the two following years no money was voted for 
preaching or schooling. In the last-named year the voters thrice 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 269 

evinced their determination to hire no schooling as shown by the 
record of the town meetings. In 1791 no money was voted for 
preaching, but fifty pounds were allowed for schooling. That 
some of the more prosperous of the citizens united in the support 
of private schools is shown by diary records and such agreements 
as the following, an exact copy of the original document : 

WiNSLOW, 28th Dec. 1796. 
Whereas Abijah Smith of said Winslow, has agreed to keep a 
school in Ticonic Village for the term of three months next 
ensuing the date hereof, and bord himself and find a room con- 
venient for that purpose. We the subscribers do promise to 
pay him twenty dollars pr month — two dollars of which is to be 
paid weekly for his bord — and the remainder to be paid at the 
expiration of said three months each one to pay in proportion 
to the number he signs for — also to find and hall to said room, 
a sufficient quantity of fire-wood for said school. 

Nehemiah A. Parker, One 
John Rogers, Three 
Benj. Chase, Three 
Elnathan Sherwin, Two 
Getchell & Redington, Five 
Edw'd Piper for two 
James M'Kim for three 
Jona. Clark, Three 
Feby 7th, 1797, 

Abijah Smith ought certainly to have been able to teach pen- 
manship and the correct use of his mother tongue, for the first 
records of the town of Waterville are in his handwriting, beau- 
tiful to behold even now ; and they are so well expressed that 
they may well have been used as a model for the town clerks that 
succeeded him. 

It is not to be believed that schools, or preaching, were neg- 
lected for lack of appreciation of the advantages of either, but 
the people were poor and the depreciated currency of the day 
was lamentably scarce. So it is not strange that some of the 
early schoolmasters were glad to receive '"pickled herring" in 
remuneration for their services. In March of 1796, six years 
before the separation of the two towns, Winslow voted $250 for 



270 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the purpose of schooling, this being the first instance in the town 
records of the use of the term dollars. The votes previous had 
named the amount of municipal appropriations in pounds. At 
the same March meeting, an article "to make such alterations 
in school districts as may be thought expedient" was "passed 
over," this also being the first use in the records of the term 
"school district." 

In 1798 family names long familiar in the history of both 
towns appear in the list of school agents elected at the annual 
town meeting. On the east side they were Col. Hayden, Eph- 
raim Town and Moses Wyman ; on the west side, Nathaniel 
Low, Asa Redington, Daniel Carter, Jonathan Combs, David 
Pattee, Hugh Osborne and Thomas Rates. In 1800, Winslow 
voted $400 for schools and $1,500 for roads ; how much of these 
. sums was expended for that part of the town lying west of the 
Kennebec the records do not show. 

After Waterville's incorporation as a town, June 23, 1802, little 
time was lost in setting its school machinery in motion. At the 
first town meeting, July 26 of that year, the following school 
agents were elected : Elisha Hallet, Thomas Parker, Nehemiah 
A. Parker, Nelson Colcord, Asa Soule, Micah Ellis, Isaac Cor- 
son, John Streeter, Thomas Cook and Samuel Moors. On 
August 9 the town voted to raise $300 for purposes of schooling. 

At the March meeting of 1803, the sum of $400 was voted for 
schooling and only $50 for preaching. At an adjourned meeting 
held May 2, it was voted to accept a report presented by the select- 
men for dividing the town into school districts, which were 
referred to in the report as Ticonic, Rose's, Ten-lot, Almond 
Soule's, Tozer's, Low's, Moors's, Asa Soule's, Osborne's, and 
Crowell's. The selectmen's report also provided for the choice 
of the several school agents at the annual town meeting, each 
district to have the liberty of "providing, agreeing with and pay- 
ing their teachers," subject to the restrictions of the law in such 
cases made and provided. Discretionary power was granted the 
selectmen to aid small districts, and Rose's district was advised 
to join with neighboring families in Fairfield in support of a 
union school. 

At the March meeting of 1805, three agents were elected for 
Ticonic district, which embraced the village portion of the town. 



HISTORY OF WATl'RX'ILLK. 2/1 

They were Nehemiah A. Parker, Asa Redington, Jr., and James 
Stackpole, Jr. In 1806 the school appropriation was increased 
to, $600, and at a meeting in May a committee consisting of 
Moses Appleton, Reuben Kidder, Timothy Bontelle, James 
Stackpole, Jr., and Thomas C. Norris was elected "to inspect 
schools throughout the town the year ensuing." This committee 
was of quality suited to the important work assigned it, for two 
of its members. Dr. Moses Appleton and the Hon. Timothy 
Boutelle, were graduates of Harvard besides being, like their 
associates on the committee, men of affairs with ability sufficient 
to make them leaders of thought and action in any community. 

That the boys of those days were not unlike the boys of to-day 
may be guessed from a vote of the town in April, 1808, by which 
ball playing and snow-balling within fifteen rods of the meeting- 
house and schoolhouse were prohibited on penalty of a fine of 
not more than $4 and not less than fifty cents. Many of the lads 
at whom that vote was leveled grew to be dignified and dis- 
tinguished citizens, just as will their grandchildren whom we 
see playing upon our streets to-day. 

The various school districts soon came to be known officially 
by number although the original family names of them still sur- 
vive in the local parlance of several communities. 

For district No. i, in 1808, there were reported as parents of 
children of school age — five to twenty-one — the following per- 
sons: William Spaulding, Jere. Curtis, Benj. Woodman. Daniel 
Curtes, Christopher Jakins, George Jakins, James L. Wood, Jona. 
Clark, Frederick Jakins, Isaac Tem.ple, Edward Piper, Nicholas 
Coffin, David Nours, Jediah ]MorrilI, Jere. Fairfield, Enoch 
Plummer, Nathaniel Oilman, Jona. Haywood, Isaac Stevens, 
James Stackpole, Jr., William Phillips, Hannah Cool, Reuben 
Kidder, Moses Appleton, Mrs. Lakin, George Dunbar, Moses 
Dalton, Charles Dinglev, Daniel Moore, John Stackpole, Asa 
Redington, David Getchell, Nehemiah Getchell, Jr., Mrs. Parker, 
Wm. Haywood, Moses Healey, Wm. Miller, Mrs. Leeman, Elna- 
than Sherwin, Turner Fish, Thomas C. Norriss, John Wright, 
Russell Blackwell, Winthrop Watson, Jere. Kidder, Edward 
Estey, Samuel King, Sally Taylor, Samuel Gilman, Samuel 
Clark, Christopher Rice, James Crummet, Daniel Loring. Joseph 



2/2 HISTORY OF WATERVll.LK. 

Allen, Ebenezer Bacon, Johnson Williams, James Curtis, 
Richard Clifford. 

In the days when the presence of children in the family was 
more general than now, this list, returned by the hand of James 
Stackpole, Jr., undoubtedly comprised the greater part of the 
inhabitants of the village of Waterville as it then existed. The 
number of pupils tor this district was returned as 145. They 
came from Main, Silver, Mill, College, Water and lower Front 
streets, as these rough roads were called, leading through an area 
still largelv covered with woods, and used mostly for pasturage. 
The schoolhouses in which the children worked, and probably 
sometimes played, were the little old yellow one close by the town 
hall, and the brick one on College street on what for many years 
was known as the Milliken lot. 

In the year 1812, Moses Appleton and Daniel Cook were 
chosen "visiting inspectors" to visit each town school at least once 
during the winter months or as much oftener as they might think 
convenient ; and in the summer season if they thought proper ; 
and to prescribe "the most proper mode of instruction to each 
schoolmaster." The langfuage of the vote would leave us to 
infer either that there were no female teachers employed at that 
time, or that they stood less in need of professional advice than 
did their brethren in the service. At all events the action of the 
town was significant as a recognition of the importance to public 
schools of official inspection. 

The superintending school committee of 1821 was a distin- 
guished group composed of Timothy Boutelle, Jeremiah Chaplin, 
Moses Appleton, Abijah Smith and Asa Redington, Jr. A few 
years later the committee appears to have been reduced in num- 
ber to three members, two of whom were Stephen Chapin and 
Sylvanus Cobb. At the meeting at which they were elected, the 
town voted to pay them "a reasonable sum for their services." 
Dr. Appleton was again elected to be a member of the commit- 
tee in 1826 and at the ne.xt March meeting he was voted $6 for 
his services. The functions of the committee were largel)^ 
extended by a vote of this meeting when, upon motion of Timo- 
thy Boutelle, it was decreed as follows : 

"That in future it shall be the duty of the superintending 
school committee to make a written report to the town, at the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLfi. 273 

annual meeting in March, describing the state and condition of 
the several schools in the town, which report shall embrace the 
following particulars, viz. the name of each school agent, the 
amount of money apportioned to each school district, the number 
of scholars as returned to the selectmen, the amount of money 
expended in each district for instruction — designation how much 
for masters and how much for mistresses and how much for 
wood, and the names and wages of the instructors, and how long 
each one has been employed, the number of scholars present at 
each examination, the greatest as well as the average num- 
ber of scholars that have attended each school, the kind of books 
of even,- kind used m each school, the number of scholars in each 
school that have attended to the study of English grammar, arith- 
metic and geography and each of them, together with such 
remarks and observations as the committee may be pleased to 
make on the discipline, progress and appearance of each, whether 
creditable to the scholars and instructors, or otherwise, whether 
the money appears to have been faithfully and judiciously 
expended by the several agents or not, whether the scholars are 
sufficiently provided with suitable books — with such other facts 
as the committee may deem interesting and worthy to be com- 
municated to the town, which report shall be lodged with the 
town clerk, and preserved in his office." It may be remarked in 
passing that the early reports made as a result of this action of 
the town may have been lodged with the town clerk but it is very 
certain that they were not preserved in his office, or anywhere 
else. 

Possibly because of the more onerous duties now laid upon the 
committee, the sum of eight dollars each was voted for the three 
members composing it the next year, on the condition that they 
should make the report called for by the town's vote. The same 
year the limits of the thirteen school districts of the town were 
very carefully and definitely located, the report of the selectmen 
on the matter covering about three pages of the town records. 
At this time and for many years later there was continual chang- 
ing of the districts, hardly a town meeting being held without 
taking some action in regard to setting off certain persons from 
one district to another. This business and the laying out or 
18 



2/4 PIISTORY 01- WATERVILLE. 

discontinuance of roads furnished a never-failing subject for dis- 
cussion and action. 

The amount of money voted for schools in 1829 was $900, a 
larger sum by $200 than had ever been voted before. In a list 
of town by-laws adopted in 1 830 the public school pupils were 
probably aimed at in a section providing for a fine of twenty-five 
cents as a penalty for riding upon, or taking hold of the back part 
of any chaise, sleigh or other carriage, while in actual use, with- 
out the consent of the person having charge of the same. There 
was also to be no ball playing or stone throwing in the jniblic 
streets. 

There was a decidedly "ministerial" committee chosen in 1834, 
consisting of the Rev. Calvin Gardner, the Rev. S. F. Smith, 
author of "America," and the Rev. Jonathan C. Morrill. Samuel 
Plaisted was chairman of the committee for the next year, which 
was marked by the passage of a vote to authorize the various 
districts to elect their respective school agents in district meet- 
ings. The custom thus inaugurated prevailed thenceforth unin- 
terruptedly as long as the district system remained in vogue. 

Early in the thirties, there were in attendance at the little brick 
schoolhouse a number of pupils that are still living or have but 
recently died. The entire list included Mary and Hannah Eaton, 
Ellen, Elizabeth and Rebecca Getchell, Lydia and Ariana Hill, 
Alice, Armenia and Olivia Dunbar, Rosetta and Naomi Nelson, 
Hannah, Tiley Ann and Susan Hayden, Mary Jewett, Esther 
Shorey, Georgiana Bright, Olive Blackwell, Eliza and Martha 
Haywood, Mary Brown, Ellen CafiFrey, Josephine Morrow, Olive 
Reed, Lydia Hasty, Sarah Tuttle, Climenia Blood, Mary Shep- 
herd, Maria Littlefield, James Hasty, Edward Piper, Eldridge 
L. Getchell, Leonard Hill, Burt Wells, Thomas Eaton, George 
Blackwell. Eleazer Getchell, Edward Dunbar, Joseph Hasty, 
Peter Dunbar, John Caffrey, Charles Dow, William Dow, Wil- 
liam Caffrey, Thomas Foster, Edmund Dunbar, Joseph and 
Franklin Wheeler, Augustus Hill, Oliver Wheeler, Arnold and 
David Getchell, Henry and John Paine, Hiram Brown, Alfred 
Burleigh, George Blood, Thomas, Edwin and James Nelson, 
David Stilson, Turiel Haywood, George and John Brown, John 
B. Foster, Wm. Blood, Lemuel Stilson, James Otis, Benjamin 
Tibbetts, Edward McKechnie, Nathan Shorey, Timothy Little- 



HISTORY Of WATERVILLE. 275 

field, John Bacon, James Haywood, Francis Stilson, Charles 
White, James P. Hill. For teaching this array of pupils the 
teacher received the liberal salary of twenty-four dollars a month. 

Schools were maintained in 1836 in fourteen districts, of which 
the largest were Nos. i and 5, the former having 212 scholars 
on its census roll, and the latter 204. The smallest district in 
the town had fourteen pupils. The total number of pupils 
returned for the town was 1,049, ^"d the school money expended 
amounted to $1,131.18. In district No. i with its eighty pupils 
in attendance the sum of $197.50 was paid for instruction, of 
which $117 went to Crosby Hinds, who got $26 a month for a 
term of eighteen weeks ; and $80.50 to Martha A. Sheldon, who 
taught twenty-three weeks at $14 a month. The average attend- 
ance was fifty. On the first visit of the committee thirty pupils 
were found present and on the second, forty-one. Seventeen 
pupils took grammar, sixty were found in arithmetic classes, and 
seventeen gave attention to geography. 

In district No. 5 J. G. Dickenson received $173 for teaching, 
his rate of wages not being given ; and Celia A. Colburn was paid 
$54 for a term of eighteen weeks. 

The entire teaching force for the year consisted of Crosby 
Hinds, Martha A. Sheldon, Thomas Wright, Adeline Tozier, 
Philip N. Kimball, Sophia Thayer, David Purington, Martha W. 
Nelson, J. G. Dickenson, Celia A. Colburn, Serena Whitman, 
Martha Bowman, E. M. Thurston, Mary Marston, Wm. L. 
Eaton, Charlotte Mathews, Jacob Tuck, Elvira Cowan, Chas. 
Morrill, Louisa N. Ingalls, Danforth Thomas, H. C. Warren, 
Mary Ladd, Lyman Corson, Caroline Pullen and Maria Libby. 

The highest wages paid a woman teacher was the $14 received 
by Martha A. Sheldon in district No. i, which was more than 
was paid to some of the male teachers. In six of the districts 
women teachers were paid salaries of $4 a month. In earlier 
years seventy-five cents a week had not been considered a nig- 
gardly price to pay for the services of a woman teacher. The 
only mention of extra studies in the schools of this year was in 
reference to those of districts Nos. 7 and 12, in the former of 
which two pupils were set down as having studied history, and 
in the latter, six. In many of the districts the length of the 



276 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

school year was twenty-two weeks ; in the village schools it was 
more ; in the smaller districts it was somewhat less. The whole 
amount paid the twenty-six teachers was $771.37. As the 
teachers in the two largest districts received $370.50 of this 
amount, it is evident that the rest of the corps were not achieving 
wealth at a dangerously rapid pace. The average number of 
pupils was reported as 502, but these figures were evidently not 
accurate, as in several of the districts the agents failed to make 
the returns necessary to determine the point correctly. 

In March of 1835 •* movement had been set on foot to build 
a new schoolhouse in the village, but nothing came of it ; and the 
same year an attempt to unite districts No. i and No. 5 also 
failed, the committee from No. i consisting of the Rev. Calvin 
Gardner, Alpheus Lyon, James Stackpole, Jr., Eben F. Bacon 
and William Pearson, reporting against the plan as inexpedient. 

In 1837 it was voted that the scholars on the west side of the 
Crommett stream, under eight years of age, draw their money 
to be expended in a private school to be kept on the west side for 
their benefit. The next year the following classification of pupils 
was made for the village schools : All between the ages of four 
and twelve years, and no others, were to be permitted to attend 
the summer schools ; and all between the ages of ten and twenty- 
one years, and no others, might attend the winter schools, or 
those taught by a master. 

In 1841 it was voted to open a woman's school on the Plain, 
so called, if a suitable place could be obtained. Three schools 
were maintained in the village that summer. An article provid- 
ing for the giving up of the old schoolhouse lot for one more 
convenient was voted down in the district meeting of No. i in 
1843. There was evidently some trouble with the management 
of the scholars at this time as the district meeting records show a 
vote of thanks extended to the schoolmaster for having enforced 
discipline, and to the committee for having backed him up by 
turning refractory pupils out of school. In 1845 by vote of the 
town districts No. i and No. 5 were united. 

In 1846 the building of a .schoolhouse on the Plains, which 
seemed to have failed of accomplishment earlier, was authorized 
at a cost of $250 ; and it was also voted to furnish two school 
rooms in the town hall. In the same year arrangements were 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 277 

made for having the more advanced pupils attend the academy 
and the institute. The next year boys under tv/elve and girls 
under fourteen were admitted to the summer schools, and it vk^as 
also decided to admit "foreign" children under "such restrictions 
as the district committee might prescribe." It was also decided 
that the English elementary branches be taught in the schools of 
the district and no others, except at the discretion of the classifi- 
cation committee. James H. Hanson was clerk of district No. i 
for several years from 1847. 

A little earlier than this the district fathers had begun a con- 
test over the matter of a new schoolhouse. It was a case of the 
north part of the village against the south, apparently, and it was 
waged eagerly, and not without traces of considerable bitterness. 

Again and again action would be taken at a district meeting 
providing for the erection of a building, only to be overthrown 
when the opposing forces were mustered in sufficient strength at 
a later meeting. In 1853 it apparently became plain that nothing 
was being gained for either side, and the time-honored method 
of compromise was brought into use. A committee consisting 
of James Stackpole, Samuel Plaisted, Joseph Percival and 
George Wentworth, was chosen to name a committee of ten to 
consider and report upon the whole matter. This larger com- 
mittee was made up of Solyman Heath, Josiah H. Drummond, 
James Stackpole, Joseph O. Pearson, Samuel P. Shaw, R. B. 
Thurston, John B. Bradbury, C. M. Morse, Ephraim Maxham, 
and Charles H. Thayer. The com.mittee reported in favor of 
two brick buildings, one for the north end, the other for the 
south ; and the long fight was over. One of the buildings thus 
provided for was the main part of the present high school build- 
ing ; the other what is now a brick tenement on College avenue, 
moved there from the present site of the North grammar school 
building, and used, until the Myrtle street building was erected, 
for school purposes. 

In 1853 it was voted to sell the old brick schoolhouse and lot 
on College avenue, and so departed an interesting landmark of 
the earlier days. Two years later Latin and French were author- 
ized as studies in the high school. In 1859 the teachers of high 
and grammar grades were requested to present to parents a 
weekly report of the conduct and scholarship of pupils in their 



278 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

charge, and it was decided that at the end of the term a printed 
statement regarding the same should be printed and circulated. 
In 1864 pupils of high school rank were sent to Waterville Acad- 
emy where Dr. Hanson received $4.50 a term for their tuition. 
This arrangement was continued until the establishment of an 
independent high school in 1876. 

A remarkably able series of school reports were prepared by 
the committees of 1864 and the following years. They were 
prmted and distributed among the voters and must have been of 
no little service in gaining their attention and enlisting their 
sympathy in the cause of education. The report for 1864 dealt 
broadly and intelligently with many topics that are of as much 
interest to-day as they were then. Among the subjects treated 
in this report were : "Interest in Education ;" "School Reports ;" 
"Kind of Education Needed;" "Qualification of Teachers;" 
"Selection of Teachers;" "Normal Schools;" "Interest and Co- 
operation of Parents;" "Small Districts;" "Text-Books;" 
"Selection of Studies," and others of more particular interest to 
the time. The comments and recommendations of this report 
were eminently sensible and pedagogically sound. Its author 
viras either the Rev. W. H. Kelton, or the Rev. David N. Sheldon, 
Mr. Kelton's name appearing as chairman of the committee, but 
the thought and the language of the report frequently suggesting 
Dr. Sheldon as its probable author. 

Other well known members of the superintending school com- 
mittee from 1864 until the town became a city were Prof. Moses 
Lyford of Colby, the Rev. J. O. Skinner, Prof. E. W. Hall of 
Colby, J. G. Soule, who died January i, 1888, after a continuous 
service of thirteen years, Hon. S. S. Brown, Dr. A. W. Small, 
formerly of Colby, now of the University of Chicago, and Mrs. 
Martha Baker Dunn. 

Just before the town became a city, its citizens had a chance 
to feel proud over the acquisition of a fine new school building, 
the North Grammar schoolhouse, which was formally opened 
February 28, 1888. A few years later came the erection of what 
IS known as the South Grammar building, and in 1897 there was 
built for the accommodation of the upper part of the city what is 
in most respects the best school building in the city, the Myrtle 
street schoolhouse. 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLfi. 279 

With the establishment of a city form of government for 
Waterville there came a recognition by its new board of education 
of the need of a more systematic plan of supervision than had 
existed hitherto, and choice was made of William C. Crawford, 
a graduate of Colby in the class of 1882, to be the first superin- 
tendent of schools. The board that elected Mr. Crawford con- 
sisted of S. S. Brown, chairman ; Reuben Foster, Charles F. 
Johnson, Charles H. Redington, Franklin A. Smith, D. P. 
Stowell, and Prof. Julian D. Taylor of Colby. Superintendent 
Crawford found it necessary under the circumstances practically 
to reconstruct the entire school system, and this he did with little 
disturbance and yet so efficiently that his successors in office have 
all realized the good effect of his labors. He remained with the 
Waterville schools for about four years and a half, leaving them 
to accept a position in Massachusetts. Those who have followed 
him in the office of superintendent are C. F. Leadbetter, J. E. 
Burke, J. H. Blanchard, W. L. Waters, E. F. Hitchings, and 
Elwood T. Wyman. Of the seven all except Mr. Blanchard and 
Mr. Hitchings have been graduates of Colby College. 

The masters of the high school since its permanent organiza- 
tion in 1876 have been: Edward H. Smiley, Warren C. Phil- 
brook, Jefferson Taylor, Lincoln Owen, Dennis E. Bowman, 
Nowell, A. H. Evans, S. K. Marsh, and John E. Nel- 
son. At the end of the present school year Mr. Nelson resigned 
his position after holding it four years, and will be succeeded by 
Richard W. Sprague of the class of 1901, Colby College. It is 
interesting to note that every one of the masters in the list quoted 
has been a Colby graduate. 

There are in the city to-day about 3.500 people of school age, 
and of these about 1,300 are registered in the various schools. 
These are housed in eight buildings, all the pupils from the out- 
lying sections being conveyed into the city. The growth of the 
schools in the last fifteen years has been remarkable. Within 
that period four new buildings have been erected, and two others 
have been remodeled, to provide for the accommodation of about 
1,000 pupils, and yet there is a demand that must soon be met 
for a new grammar school building in the southern section of the 
city, and for a new high school building. Against the $300 
expended for schooling in the first year of Waterville's corporate 



28o HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

life, there is now to be set the annual expenditure of 830,000 
for the school department. The schools of the city have kept 
pace with its growth. They have enlisted the honest efforts of 
faithful men and women who have served as members of super- 
intending school committees, of boards of education, as super- 
intendents, as teachers ; they have enjoyed to a remarkable degree 
the good-will and appreciation of the community ; and they have 
bestowed upon thousands of boys and girls a gift richer than any 
other earthly possession — the gift of an education. 



CHAPTER X. 



COBURN CLASSICAL INSTITUTE. 
By Franklin W. Johnson, A. M., Principal of the Institute. 

The school which now bears the name of Coburn Classical 
Institute was founded in 1829 as Waterville Academy. It had 
its origin in a deeply felt need of a preparatory sch(X)l for Colby, 
then Waterville College. Hon. Timothy Boutelle, then treas- 
urer of the College, had given a lot of land a year or two before 
and funds were raised by Jeremiah Chaplin, D. D., president 
of the College, and others for the erection of a school building. 

The first principal of the school was Henry W. Paine, at that 
time an eighteen-year-old senior in Waterville College, later one 
of the most distinguished lawyers in Massachusetts. The num- 
ber of students in attendance during the first year was sixty-three, 
of whom forty-seven were young men. The greater part of the 
work of the school was in the ordinary English branches as will 
be seen from the fact that only seventeen students are catalogued 
as studying Greek or Latin. Among the students of the first 
year were Mrs. Rebecca Moor Drinkwater who died in March, 
1902; Daniel R. Wing, long time proprietor of the Waterville 
Mail ; John B. Foster, LL. D., for many years a professor at 
Colby ; Eldridge Getchell, treasurer of the College for many 
years, and William Mathews, LL. D.. the well-known essayist. 
Of all the students of that early day Dr. Mathews alone survives. 
His writings still grace the pages of our periodical literature. 

Mr. Paine opened the school in August, 1829, and gave up his 
office at the end of nine months on account of the fatal illness of 
a brother. Robert W. Wood had charge of the school for the 
remainder of this year. Joseph Hodges, Jr., was an assistant 



282 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

teacher during this year. The next principal was George I. 
Chase, just graduated from Brown University, afterwards pro- 
fessor and acting president of that institution. He began his 
duties in August, 1830, but closed his work in May, 1831, after 
nine months' teaching. In August, 183 1, Henry Paine, a grad- 
uate of Waterville College in the class of 1823, became principal 
and retained this position for five years. There is extant a cata- 
logue belongmg to this period for the year ending July 21, 1834. 
The following names appear under the heading "Superintending 
and Examining Committee:" Rev. Rufus Babcock, Jr., George 
W. Keeley, Rev. Calvin Newton, Alpheus Lyon, Esq., Dr. Hall 
Chase, Dr. Samuel Plaisted, Phineas Barnes, J. Everett Farnam, 
Samuel Randall, Jr. Mr. Paine had two assistants besides a 
teacher in elocution. The attendance for the year was 205, of 
whom 131 were young men. Of these there were "attending to 
the Ancient Languages" for the first term twenty-five, for the 
second term thirty-seven, "attending to the French Language" 
nine. The school year contained forty-eight weeks. The fol- 
lowing statements from this early catalogue show how small was 
the expense of attendance upon the school. "The price of tuition 
in the common English studies is $3.25 per quarter. In Latin, 
Greek and French languages, in Intellectual and Moral Phil- 
osophy, the Natural Sciences and the higher branches of Mathe- 
matics, $4.25 per quarter. The expense of fuel and other inci- 
dental expenses is proportionated on the students. Board, 
including lodging and washing, can be obtained in respectable 
families for $1.50 per week." 

Mr. Paine was followed in the principalship by a Mr. Free- 
man for a short time ; he was followed in turn by Moses Burbank, 
and he by Lorenzo B. Allen who served until 1837. Mf"- Allen 
is said to have been "an excellent classical scholar and a true 
Christian gentleman." He was afterwards president of Burling- 
ton University, Iowa. Next Charles B. Train, later attorney- 
general of Massachusetts, became principal. Nathaniel G. 
Rogers, a graduate of Colby, became principal in 1838, but 
resigned after a short time. At about this time there were vari- 
ous men who presided over the school for four or five months 
each but no accurate record of their names or order of service 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 283 

is to be obtained. It is evident that during this period the school 
was in a most precarious state of existence. Indeed for about 
two years, 1839-1840, the school was wholly suspended. During 
this period the Waterville Liberal Institute was established and 
attracted many students who would otherwise have attended the 
Academy. This school occupied the building now used as a 
dwelling house at the south corner of Elm and School streets. 
It seems that during this period of temporary suspension the 
Academy building was used for at least one term of the district 
school. The school was revived in 1841 when Charles H. 
Wheeler, then a student in Waterville College, afterwards an 
Episcopal rector in Providence, R. I., became principal. He 
taught for two terms and was followed in the latter part of 1842 
by Nathaniel Butler, father of the late president of Colby College. 
He remained at the head of the school for one year. 

During the first fourteen years it will be seen that the school 
was conducted by young men, in most cases students or recent 
graduates of the College. Among the teachers not already men- 
tioned was Elijah P. Love joy, the first anti-slavery martyr. 
From the quality of the men who were instructors it is certain 
that the school must have afforded abundant inspiration to the 
students of these early days. 

With the hope of strengthening the struggling school, in the 
winter of 1841-2, an act of incorporation was obtained from the 
legislature and a board of trustees was established to have charge 
of the school. The act was as follows : 

An Act to incorporate the trustees of the Waterville Academy. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in 
Legislature assembled, as follows : 

Sect. I. Samuel Plaisted, Stephen Stark, Zebulon Sanger, 
Edwin Noyes, Harrison A. Smith, David Garland, Amasa Ding- 
ley, Johnson Williams, Stephen Thayer, Samuel Taylor, and 
their successors, are hereby created a corporation by the name of 
the Trustees of Waterville Academy, and, by that name may sue 
and be sued, and may have a common seal, and make any by-laws 
for the management of their concerns, not repugnant to the laws 
of this state ; and may take and hold by gift, grant, or otherwise, 
any real or personal estate, the annual income of which shall not 



284 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

exceed fifteen hundred dollars, and may give, grant, convey, or 
lease, the same, and may choose all officers necessary for the 
management of their concerns, for the purpose of promoting 
piety and morality, and for the instruction of youth in such lan- 
guages, arts and sciences as the said trustees may direct. 

Sect. 2. Samuel Plaisted is authorized to fix the time and 
place of the first meeting of said trustees, and to give to each 
four days notice thereof, in writing. 

Approved Februarj- 12, 1842. 

It does not appear that this incorporation was of any consider- 
able help to the school. A far more potent factor in the revival 
which immediately followed was the selection as principal of 
James H. Hanson, a graduate of Colby in the class of 1842. Mr. 
Hanson took charge of the school in September, 1843. There 
were but five pupils at tlie opening of the year. Before the end 
of the first term the number had quintupled. In less than ten 
years the attendance had reached the large number of 308. 

During all these years the school had no endowment and no 
source of income save the very low tuition fees. The income of 
the principal was small, the duties arduous. After twelve very 
successful years Mr. Hanson was worn out by his extremely 
hard work and resigned the principalship in 1854, going to East- 
port, Maine, where he remained for three years as principal of 
the high school. 

George B. Gow succeeded him until the summer of 1855. 
James T. Bradbury was then principal until the winter of 1857, 
when Isaac S. Hamblen took charge of the school. His princi- 
palship extended three and one-half years, to the end of the 
spring term of 1861. His management of the school was very 
successful. The average attendance during his administration 
was 218 and forty-nine were prepared for college. He was 
forced to resign his position because of ill health. Following 
him as principal came Ransom E. Norton for one term, Randall 
E. Jones for three terms, John W. Lamb for two years and three 
terms, from the summer of 1862 to the winter of 1864-5, ^"^ 
Augustus D. Small for two terms in 1865. 

In 1864 the College had received new life through the gift of 
Gardner Colbv. Following this a determined effort was made 




AVATERVILLE CLASSICAL INSTI'ITTE. 



HISTORY 01? WATERVILLE. 285 

to strengthen the Academy which had been declining for several 
years. At the urgent request of Dr. Champlin, then president of 
the College, James H. Hanson returned to Waterville from Port- 
land where for six years he had been at the head of the Boys' 
High school, and for two years had been conducting a private 
school for boys. In 1865 he again took charge of the Academy 
with the same success which attended his earlier principalship. 
At this time several of the trustees created by the act of 1842 
had died and it appeared that no successors had been elected to 
fill the vacancies. Those who remained, at the suggestion of 
Dr. Champlin, gave back their charge to the trustees of the Col- 
lege and the separate corporation ceased to exist. The trustees 
of the College then placed the affairs of the Academy in the 
hands of the College faculty. The name was changed to Water- 
ville Classical Institute. 

In 1869 a Ladies' Collegiate Department was added and the 
legislature granted the power to confer degrees in accordance 
with the following act : 

"Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in 
Legislature assembled, as follows : 

Section i. The managers of Waterville Classical Institute 
may prescribe a course of study for young ladies, equivalent to 
that of any female college in New England, and may, with the 
concurrence of the board of instructors, confer upon all who shall 
satisfactorily complete such course the collegiate honors and 
degrees that are generally granted by female colleges." 

In accordance with this act a course of three years was estab- 
lished which was the next year changed to one of four years. 
The degree of Baccalaureate of Letters was conferred upon those 
who successfully completed this course. This was for many 
years a most important feature of the school until the increasing 
number of women entering Colby and other colleges caused the 
number pursuing this course to diminish. It was given up in 
1896. The graduates of this course in all number 185. 

Although the return of Mr. Hanson to the principalship 
brought new vigor to the school, it was still for several years 
without endowment. The need of funds in order to secure the 
permanent prosperity of the school was deeply felt. In June, 



286 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

1872, the Maine Baptist State Convention was held in the city 
of Bath. President Champlin there presented the subject of the 
endowment of the Waterville Classical Institute and also the 
establishment of two other academies, one in the eastern and the 
other in the western part of the State. At the annual meeting 
of the trustees of the College held in July, 1873, the president 
called the attention of the board to the matter. The subject was 
referred to a committee, of which the late Rev. W. H. Shailer 
of Portland was chairman. This committee later reported advis- 
ing that $100,000 be raised for the endowment of three prepara- 
tory schools. Before the next annual meeting of the Colby trus- 
tees, Principal tlanson received the following letter: 

"Skowheg.^n, April 4, 1874. 

I agree to subscribe the sum of $50,000 to endow the Water- 
ville Classical Institute, on condition that $50,000 more shall be 
subscribed to endow two other institutions of similar character, — 
one cast and one west, — and provided further, that at least 
$40,000 of the said $50,000 by me subscribed shall be set apart 
and kept as a permanent fund, the interest only to be used annu- 
ally forever. 

"I agree to pay said $50,000 as fast as the other $50,000 shall 
be collected and paid into the treasury, and no faster. 

Abner Coburn." 

Immediate steps were taken to comply with the terms of this 
bequest subscriptions amounting to about $35,000 were secured 
by Rev. A. R. Crane, D. D., during two years which he devoted 
to a canvass of the State. Upon the withdrawal of Dr. Crane 
from this work, the collection of unpaid subscriptions was turned 
over to Principal Hanson. To this he devoted himself in addi- 
tion to his duties as principal of the school. It was not until 
1883 that the entire $50,000 was paid in. Waterville Classical 
Institute received from this source $50,546. Hebron Academy 
at Hebron and Ricker Classical Institute at Houlton received 
proportionate amounts in accordance with the conditions of Gov- 
ernor Coburn 's bequest. From this it will be noticed that these 
two flourishing schools owe their first considerable endowment 
to the bequest of Abner Coburn to Waterville Classical Institute, 
and in no small degree also to the labors of Principal Hanson. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 287 

At the commencement exercises, July 1-3, 1879, was celebrated 
the semi-centennial anniversary of the opening of the school. In 
addition to the usual exercises, on Thursday, July 4, special 
exercises were held at the Baptist church consisting of an address 
by Ex-Governor Nelson Dingley, Jr., a poem by Miss Abbie J. 
Flagg of Chillicothe, Missouri, a paper of reminiscences of the 
early historj' of the school by William Mathews, LL. D., and 
another containing its later history by Rev. George B. Gow. 
After the exercises at the church the procession formed and with 
Col. I. S. Bangs as marshal, escorted by the Waterville band, 
marched to the town hall where dinner was served to 230 guests. 
Principal Hanson presided over the after-dinner speaking. 
Among those who spoke on this occasion were Hon. Henry W. 
Paine, LL. D., the first principal ; William Mathews, LL. D., 
Prof. J. B. Foster, John W. Drummond, Rev. L S. Hamblen, a 
former principal ; Hon. Joshua Nye, Ex-Governor Nelson Ding- 
ley, Jr., and others. Of this semi-centennial celebration a prom- 
inent newspaper said: "It fairly rivaled in interest the com- 
mencement at Colby." 

Governor Coburn had placed the school on a firm financial 
basis but his benefactions did not end there. After the sad 
death in 1882 of his brother Stephen Coburn and the latter's son, 
Charles M. Coburn, who had been graduated from Colby only 
the year before, Governor Coburn at once stated his intention of 
erecting on the Institute lot a memorial to his brother and 
nephew. Preparations were soon made for the erection of a 
building which was dedicated with appropriate exercises during 
the College commencement of 1884. This building is of brick 
with red sandstone trimmings, is three stories high and is sur- 
mounted by a tower. It represents a cost of more than $50,000 
and is one of the finest school buildings in New England. It 
bears on its front a sandstone tablet on which is the following 
inscription : 

Erected A. D. 1883 
by Abner Coburn 

in memory of 
Stephen Coburn 

and 

Chas. M. Coburn 

who died July 4, 1882. 



288 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

In 1883 the name of the school was changed to Coburn Clas- 
sical Institute in consideration of Governor Coburn 's benefac- 
tions. 

A circular dome was later added to the building and equipped 
as an astronomical observatory. It contains a six-inch equatorial 
telescope with clock-work attachment. The whole is a gift of 
Mary D. Lyford and her son, Hon. Edwin F. Lyford of Spring- 
field, Mass., in mernory of Moses Lyford, for many years a 
professor in the College. 

^The old school building which for fifty-four years had occupied 
the spot now occupied by the more commodious building was 
removed to the rear of the grounds where it was afterwards torn 
down and removed. This building, an illustration of which 
accompanies this chapter, was long familiar to Waterville citi- 
zens and is linked with pleasant associations in the minds of 
hundreds of former students. The following sketch of the 
school and house of the early days was written by one who was 
long connected with the school as pupil and teacher. 

"Through the Zion's Advocate many an obscure boy or girl 
in an obscure corner of Maine heard of Waterville Academy and 
began to build air castles and to earn and save money enough to 
pay the twenty-five cents a week for tuition so as to be enrolled 
in the catalogue as a member of a school that was so near a col- 
lege. When the town was reached and the plain brick building 
with its symmetrical belfry appeared, long cherished hopes 
seemed about to be realized. A timid knock at the heavy front 
door, the only one in the building, had to be repeated before the 
principal appeared. A cordial welcome from him was never 
lacking but when the door opened and you were ushered within 
some of your rose-colored anticipations vanished. There were 
no gilded towers without nor marble walls within, but a front 
entry with a place on the right that opened from the principal's 
room for storing wood for the big box stove, brooms, shovel, 
tongs and other needed articles. The long poker was kept under 
the stove. There was a suspicion of fear when the poking was 
done for there was a crack in the bottom of the stove and burn- 
ing cinders could always be seen on the zinc under the stove. 
To the left as you entered the front door was an unattractive 
stair-case which led to the room of the preceptress above. On 




JAMES HOBBS HANSON, LI-. D. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 209 

the east side of the upper room a door opened into a small room 
over the stairs, called the apparatus (?) room, which contained 
an orrery, an old electric machine, a battery, and other trash. 
The room on the other side was the clutter room of the upper 
floor. There were long benches on the north side of the pre- 
ceptress' room and the platform for rhetorical display and the 
teacher's desk on the south side. As you entered the principal's 
room below and stepped upon the cold, brick floor and saw the 
rows of uglv looking seats with their heavy wooden forms, whit- 
tled and marked with the names of former pupils, you had a 
chance to revel in the ruins of your air-castles and felt that the 
district schoolhouse at home was more attractive than the 
academy. But when the school work began and the principal, 
who was wood-sawyer, janitor, and endower of the school, 
appeared, surroundings were forgotten and the eager, enthusi- 
astic class, guided by the masterful hand of the teacher, felt that 
no mistake was made when they first came to Waterville 
Academy." 

Although the establishment of the Waterville High School and 
the improvement of the schools in every part of the State had 
caused the attendance of the school to decrease, the school con- 
tinued without marked change until Dr. Hanson's death. At 
this point a brief sketch of his life is appropriate, for during the 
sixtv-five years of the school's history up to that time, he had 
been at its head forty-one years ; in fact, he was the school. 

James Hobbs Hanson was bom in China, Me., April ii, 1817. 
He was fitted for college in China Academy under Henry Paine, 
who went to China after leaving Waterville Academy. He was 
graduated from Waterville College in 1842, and spent the next 
year teaching in the town of Hampden, Maine. The trustees 
of Waterville Academy found Mr. Hanson at home in China, 
where he was spending the summer at work on his father's farm, 
and invited him to take charge of the academy in the autumn. 
They could offer him no compensation beyond what he could 
receive in tuition fees. He began the work on these conditions 
and at the end of the first term found a balance of $40 on the 
wrong side of his account book. The next term brought no 
greater returns and Mr. Hanson decided to leave the school for 

19 



290 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

a position under Mr. Paine in China Academy. In response to 
earnest entreaties of the trustees, who promised to make vigorous 
efforts in the school's behalf, he decided to remain. This decision 
alone probably determined the continuance of the school. Refer- 
ence has already been made to Mr. Hanson's resignation in 1854 
and his return in 1865, after teaching for three years in Eastport 
and eight years in Portland. From this time he gave himself 
unsparingly to the school until his death which occurred, April 
21, 1894. Less than a week before his death he was about his 
accustomed duties in the schoolroom. The words of one of the 
speakers at the semi-centennial celebration express appreciatively 
the work of Dr. Hanson. "Waterville Academy owes its name 
and usefulness to the patient, self-denying toil of its present 
honored and already venerable principal. But for him no semi- 
centennial would have called us together. What kind of labor 
has he not performed ? What work did he ever ask another to 
do which perhaps he might better do himself? What work was 
he ever asked to do that he declined, however overworked he 
might already be? When other men wrought six hours in the 
classroom, he wrought twelve. I speak in no hyperbole. And 
then, when the long weary work in the classroom was at length 
over, the midnight hours saw him still at his task. Too poor 
to employ the needed assistance, too conscientious to leave any- 
thing undone that might be of use to the most ungrateful pupil, 
he toiled on seeking no reward but the satisfaction of doing 
his whole duty. If, through superior scholarship, severe habits 
of self-mastery, and a natural capacity for work beyond the great 
body of even strong men, he was able to do this and not die, he 
only counted himself happy that he could lay all his wealth, more 
precious than gold, upon the altar, a votive offering to his divine 
Master and his beloved pupils. It is surely a little thing that 
we, who have entered into the fruit of all this, should rise up, 
to-day, and call him blessed. Our preceptor has thus far been 
the academy's endowment." 

Dr. Hanson's reputation as a classical scholar was extensive 
and served as a great attraction to students preparing for college. 
Students came in large numbers from other schools to receive 
the last year's drill under his instruction. His reputation was 
greatly enhanced by the books which he edited. The Latin Prose 



HISTORY 01? WATERVILLE. 29I 

Book appearing in 1861, and the Latin Poets in 1865. These 
were recognized bj' classical teachers as a great contribution to 
the text-books of the time and were widely used for many years. 
He received the degree of LL- D., from Colby in 1872. He was 
for many years a trustee of the college. 

The high estimation in which Dr. Hanson was held by the 
large number of students and friends of the school is shared by 
Mrs. Hanson who, before her marriage, had been a teacher in the 
school, and for many years during Dr. Hanson's life, and at the 
time of his death worked by his side in the schoolroom. 

Rev. Asa L. Lane was acting principal for one term after Dr. 
Hanson's death, when Franklin W. Johnson, a graduate of Colby 
in the class of 1891, was elected principal, beginning his duties 
in September, 1894. This position he still holds. Mr. Lane 
resigned his position as instructor in science in July, 1901, after 
twenty-five years of continuous service in this position. He was 
a scientist of high reputation throughout the State. He left as 
a permanent endowment to the school the large collections which 
he had made illustrating the various departments of the natural 
sciences. These have been placed in a room furnished by the 
graduating class of 1902 which will hereafter be known as the 
"Lane Museum." 

The Boutelle Library receives its name from Timothy Bou- 
telle, whose daughter, Mrs. Edwin Noyes, presented the school 
$2,500 as an endowment fund for the library. The library 
occupies the most attractive room in the building. It now con- 
tains .3,517 volumes, with card catalogue, and forms a valuable 
adjunct to the work of the school. 

In 1897 the house and lot at the south corner of Elm and 
Spring streets was purchased. The house was renovated and 
has since been used as a dormitory for young ladies. The house 
is known as the "Hanson Cottage." 

From 1865 to 1901 the Institute remained under the control 
of the trustees of the College. During Dr. Hansons' life, how- 
ever, its management was virtually in his hands. He secured 
the teachers, contracted and paid the bills, received tuitions, and 
retained the balance, if there was any, for his own compensa- 
tion. His successor took charge of the school on a different 
basis. A committee of the trustees had oversight of the school's 



292 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

affairs and the finances were managed like those of any other 
department of the College. But the increasing demands made 
upon those responsible for the management of endowed educa- 
tional institutions, made it evident that strength would be added 
to the Institute if it could be under the control of a separate cor- 
poration. Accordingly the matter was brought to the attention 
of the College Board who acted favorably on a proposition to 
entrust the control of the school to a separate corporation. The 
following act of incorporation was passed by the Legislature and 
approved March 8, 1901 : 

"An Act to incorporate the Trustees of Coburn >^iassical Insti- 
tute. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in 
Legislature assembled, as follows : 

"Section i. Nathaniel Butler, Franklin W. Johnson, George 
D. B. Pepper, Horace Purinton, Leslie C. Cornish, Edwin C. 
Whittemore, Horatio R. Dunham, and Cyrus W. Davis are 
hereby created a corporation by the name of the Trustees of 
Coburn Classical Institute, for the purpose of maintaining a lit- 
erary institution in the city of Waterville with all the powers of 
similar corporations including the power to make and establish 
by-laws and regulations for the management of its affairs and 
the proper government of the institution. 

"Section 2. Said corporation shall be governed and its 
powers exercised by a board of not exceeding seventeen trustees, 
of which the president of Colby College and the principal of 
Coburn Classical Institute for the time being shall, ex-officio, be 
members. At the organization of the corporation, the number 
of other trustees shall be fixed by the by-laws and shall be divided 
as nearly as may be into three classes ; one class shall be elected 
for one year, one for two years, and one for three years ; and at 
each annual meeting thereafter, members shall be elected by the 
board in place of those whose terms shall expire, and any vacan- 
cies in the other classes shall be filled. 

"Section 3. Said corporation may use the real estate held in 
trust for it, and the income of all funds held in trust for it, by the 
president and trustees of Colby College, in accordance with the 
trust bv which thev are so held and with such arrangements as 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 293 

shall from time to time be made with said president and trustees ; 
and may also take and hold, for the purposes of its creation, prop- 
erty in its own right to the amount of one hundred and fifty 
thousand dollars. 

"Section 4. This act shall take eflfect when approved." 

Additional members, beside those mentioned in the above act 
were elected as follows: George K. Boutelle, William T. 
Haines, George O. Smith, Fred M. Preble, Allan P. Soule, 
George W. Lord, Norman L. Bassett, J. Frederick Hill. At the 
first meeting of the Board, held June 22, 1901, George D. B. 
Pepper, D. D., LL. D., was chosen president ; Norman L. Bas- 
sett, LL. B., secretary; and Horace Purinton, treasurer. The 
management of the school passed into the hands of the new cor- 
poration, July I, 1901. The value of this change has already 
been seen during the past year in which the school has been 
strengthened in various ways and plans have been set on foot 
for increasing the permanent funds of the institution. 

No exact statement can be made of the number of students 
enrolled during the history of the school. As many as 5,000 
different students must have been in attendance during these 
years. The school has always prepared a large number of 
students for college. More students have entered college from 
this school than from any other Maine school. At least 700 have 
received their preparation here. Among the most prominent of 
these are Nelson Dingley, Jr., Ex-Governor of Maine and for 
many years an influential member of Congress. Llewellyn 
Powers, Ex-Governor and now member of Congress, Bartlette 
Tripp, formerly U. S. minister to Austria-Hungary, William 
Mathews, LL. D., professor and author; Nathaniel Butler, D. 
D., recently president of Colby College; Charles F. Meserve, 
LL. D., president of Shaw University; Judge William P. 
Whitehouse, Judge Albert M. Spear. 

Established as a feeder for Waterville College, the school has 
always fulfilled that mission. Those who have known conditions 
intimately have stated that, but for this school, the college would 
have been obliged, at times, to close its doors for lack of students. 
Since the foundation of Colby's four preparatory schools, Coburn 
has sent more graduates to the college than the other three 



294 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

schools together. The school continues to send the larger part 
of its graduates to Colby though a large number of colleges now 
attract its students. During the past year graduates of Coburn 
have been enrolled at seventeen institutions as follows: Bates, 
Bowdoin, Boston University, Brown, Colby, Colgate, Columbia, 
Dartmouth, Harvard, Mount Holyoke, Massachusetts Institute 
of Technology, University of Maine, University of Vermont, 
Vassar, Wellesley, Worcester Polytechnic Institution and Yale. 

In scholarship Coburn justly claims pre-eminence among 
Maine schools. Evidence of this may be found in the record of 
the graduates on entering college. In 1883 Colby offered the 
Merrill prizes to the members of the freshman class who should 
secure the highest rank in competitive examinations upon the 
work required for admission to college. Of the twenty prizes 
thus given, Coburn graduates have taken fourteen, while gradu- 
ates of all other schools have taken six. Of these six, the prize 
has been taken only once by a graduate of a Maine school. Colby 
draws its students from every part of IVIaine and in many 
instances from other states. This high standing of Coburn 
students in scholarship in competition with graduates of all other 
Maine schools is the best possible indication of the quality of the 
school's work. 

During the seventy-three years of its history, the school has 
been of incalculable benefit to the community. Until the estab- 
lishment of the public high school, the academy provided instruc- 
tion of a high degree of excellence to the pupils of the town. A 
large number of young men and women of ambition and promise 
also were attracted from various parts of Maine and other states 
who made their residence temporarily here. The school has 
thus shared with the college in making Waterville noted as a 
center of education and culture. To this is due, in no small 
measure, the attractiveness which the city presents to those seek- 
ing a place of residence. A still further consideration is the 
advantage to the city in a business way accruing from money 
which is brought into the business of the city by the considerable 
number of students each year attending the school. 

Within recent years the condition of the Maine academies has 
been changing. The rapid growth of the high schools both in 
number and efficiency has caused a great many of the old acad- 



HISTORY OF WATBRVILLE. 295 

emies to disappear entirely or to become merged in the high 
schools of their respective towns. Recent legislation, while tem- 
porarily assisting the weaker academies, has served rather as an 
injury to the stronger schools of this class. The broadening of 
the scope of instruction and changes in methods have necessitated 
a larger number of teachers. Lower rates of interest have dim- 
inished the income from invested funds. All these causes have 
combined to present a ditificult problem to such schools as Coburn. 
The only solution rests in a considerable increase in the funds of 
the school. It is not too much to expect with confidence that the 
friends of the school in Waterville and elsewhere will rally to 
the support of an institution which is soon to close a proud record 
of three-quarters of a century. 



CHAPTER XI. 



COLBY COLLEGE. 
By Edward W. Hail, LL. D., Librarian and Registrar. 

Colby College originated with the Bowdoinham Baptist Asso- 
ciation which in 1810 appointed a committee to consider the 
propriety of petitioning the legislature of Massachusetts "to 
incorporate an institution in the district of Maine for the purpose 
of promoting literary and theological knowledge." Similar 
action was taken in 181 1 by the Lincoln and the Cumberland 
Associations, and a petition prepared by the joint committees 
was presented to the Senate of Massachusetts by Rev. Caleb 
Blood in 181 2. This petition stated that although the Baptists 
were undoubtedly more numerous in the district than any other 
denomination, yet they had no Seminary over which they had 
any control, and in which their religious young men might be 
educated under the particular inspection of able inen of the same 
sentiments. 

The petitioners asked the legislature to grant them "for the 
furtherance of their object a tract of good land, and cause it to 
be located as nighly in the centre of the district as your wisdom 
may find convenient. For, it is contemplated, that the seminary 
be in the very tract which your honorable body may see fit to 
grant for its encouragement." 

This first petition for incorporation was not successful. The 
following year Rev. Daniel Merrill of Sedgwick was appointed 
to present a second petition and succeeded in obtaining a charter, 
approved Februarj- 27, 1813, for establishing "a Literary Insti- 
tution for the purpose of educating youth, to be called and 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 297 

known bv the name of the Maine Literary and Theological Insti- 
tution." The title given was at that time a favorite designation 
attached to many seminaries of learning in which collegiate and 
theological classes were united. 

The trustees named in the charter soon organized with Rev. 
Sylvanus Boardman as chairman and Rev. Otis Briggs as secre- 
tary, and entered upon the preliminary work of securing a suit- 
able location for the Institution. By a resolve dated February 
15, 1815, township No. ,^, originally purchased from the Indians, 
and embracing the territory now occupied by the towns of Alton 
and Argyle on the west bank of the Penobscot river, was granted 
to the Institution. This township had been selected by the trus- 
tees as "the best selection, in their opinion, that can be made from 
the unlocated lands of the commonwealth for the establishment 
of the Institution." It yielded an excellent growth of timber, 
the sale of which maintained the young seminary for many years. 
The plan of locating the Institution on the very township granted 
was found impracticable, and in 1816 the legislature granted 
permission to locate and establish the buildings in any town 
within the counties of Kennebec and Somerset. The corporation 
appointed a committee in 18 17 to visit Farmington, Bloomfield 
and Waterville, towns which had expressed a desire to have the 
school, and eventually decided in favor of Waterville. The town 
authorities pledged three thousand dollars and the citizens sub- 
scribed two thousand in aid of the enterprise. 

A tract of land eighty-six rods wide, extending from the Ken- 
nebec to the Messalonskee was purchased of R. H. Gardner in 
1818 for $1,797.50 which amount was contributed by citizens of 
Waterville. This lot, containing 179 acres, was afterward 
increased by the purchase of the Briggs estate adjoining it on the 
south. The southern boundary of this land, which also extended 
from the Kennebec to the Messalonskee, coincided with the south 
line of the lot on which the Button house, owned by the College, 
now stands. 

In June, 1818, upon petition of the trustees a bill was reported 
granting four additional townships of land and $3,000 annually 
for the maintenance of the Institution, but was referred to the 
next legislature for final action. At that session a number of 
printed petitions signed by citizens in several towns in Maine and 



298 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Massachusetts, were offered urging the passage of the bill. The 
language of these petitions, presented by Hon. Wm. King, a 
trustee and later governor of Maine, was severely criticised, and 
Gen. Alford Richardson, a trustee and member of the legislature 
expressed great dissatisfaction on that account. This trivial 
circumstance led to the failure of the bill by a vote of 13 to 10, 
and entailed upon the Tn.stitution many years of poverty and 
sacrifice. 

Rev. Jeremiah Chaplin of Danvers, Mass., who had charge of 
the theological students of the Massachusetts Baptist Education 
Society was chosen professor of theolog}' in February, 1818. 
Accompanied by his wife, two children, and several of his pupils, 
he sailed from Beverly, Mass., on board the sloop '"Hero'' which 
brought the little company as far as Augusta. The remaining 
twenty miles to Waterville were accomplished in a long-boat, 
which Mrs. Chaplin in her journal describes as provided with 
sails and having a booth or cabin at one end. When the breeze 
failed them, the young men of the party landed and dragged the 
boat by a rope. On their arrival at Waterville they were met by 
a number of citizens, among whom was Hon. Timothy Boutelle 
who made a short address of welcome and provided for their 
entertainment. Mrs. Chaplin's journal gratefully records the 
courteous reception accorded them by Mrs. Boutelle, Mrs. Clark 
and }>lr. Partridge at this time, and it is mentioned that she found 
friendly neighbors who did not "seem to be such ignorant, uncul- 
tivated beings as some have imagined." It is gratifying also to 
read the following statement : "Many of those whom I have 
seen appear to be people of education and refinement, nor have 
we been destitute of Christian company." 

The new seminary was opened and instruction by Professor 
Chaplin commenced July 6, 181 8, in a house standing where the 
Elmwood Hotel is now situated. In May, 1819, there were 
seventeen students in the theological department. Tuition was 
fixed at $4.00 per quarter, board was obtained for $1.00 a week, 
and wood for $1.50 per cord. An "Address to the Public," 
issued in 1819, proves that the school was established not as a 
theological seminary, but also for "those who are desirous of 
engaging in any of the learned professions." 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 299 

Rev. Avery Briggs was chosen professor of languages and the 
literary department was opened by him in October, 1819, with 
twenty-five students. The first session of the legislature of the 
State of Maine in 1820, authorized the college "to confer such 
degrees as are usually conferred by universities," — the sum of 
$1,000 annually for seven years was also voted, one-fourth for 
the tuition fees of needy students, a principle which was gener- 
ally followed in all the money grants to the College made by the 
legislature, which only amount to $14,500. 

The collegiate character of the young seminary was definitely 
declared in 1821 when the name of Waterville College was 
adopted. In May, 1822, Rev. Jeremiah Chaplin was elected 
president and on August 21 the first commencement exercises 
were held. A large concourse of people from towns in the vicin- 
ity assembled to witness the literary exercises. The procession, 
which continues to be a prominent feature of the day, was led 
by a band of music and a company of militia in uniform. George 
Dana Boardman and Ephraim Tripp constituted the graduating 
class, and both served the College as tutors. 

Two buildings had now been erected on the College grounds 
after cutting away the dense growth of trees. A dwelling house 
for the president had been completed in 1819 on the site now 
occupied by Memorial Hall. In 1821 the South College was 
built and eighteen rooms finished besides fitting up a part of the 
building for a chapel. The second dormitory, known as the 
North College and now called Chaplin Hall, was built in 1822. 
The mason work of both college buildings was done by Mr. Peter 
Getchell and the carpenter work by Mr. Lemuel Dunbar. 

The theological department of the College was of short dura- 
tion. The first triennial catalogue, issued in 1825, gives the 
names of fifteen graduates in theology. No record of any other 
students in this department appears in subsequent triennials. 

President Chaplin resigned in 1833, leaving the College pro- 
vided with two brick dormitories, two dwelling houses for col- 
lege officers, a large boarding house, a farm of 180 acres, tvv'o 
workshops, a good chemical and philosophical apparatus obtained 
at a cost of $1,500, and a library of about 2,000 volumes. 

After his death in 1841 the trustees passed resolutions "in 
grateful remembrance of the able, untiring and successful labor 



300 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

of the late President Chaplin," aad a memorial tablet was placed 
on the wall of the College chapel. 

In 1831 a manual labor department was established to enable 
students to earn part of their College expenses by manufacturing 
doors, blinds, sashes, tables, chairs and similar articles. Three 
workshops were built for this department by the students them- 
selves, who also in 1832 built the large boarding house long 
known as the Commons House, and now occupied by the college 
superintendent of buildings and grounds. In 1835 a printing 
office was added, with a valuable press under the charge of Edgar 
H. Gray of the class of 1838. A variety of job work, the annual 
catalogues, and a thirty-four page catalogue of the library were 
issued from the "College Press." The enterprise proved 
unprofitable and the shops were removed from the College 
grounds in 1842. 

Rev. Rufus Babcock, Jr., succeeded President Chaplin in 1833. 
It was a critical period. The College was in debt $18,000 and 
could not meet more than three-fifths of its current expenses. 
The popularity and efficiency of the new president soon com- 
pleted a subscription to pay the debt and the catalogue for 1834 
recorded the names of over one hundred students. The central 
brick building now called Champlin Hall was erected in 1836. 
The basement story was divided into four recitation rooms, above 
which was the college chapel reached by a broad flight of steps 
outside. The story above the chapel was occupied on the north 
side by the library and on the south by the apparatus and class 
room for natural philosophy. The value of the College property 
was now $50,000. Rev. John O. Choules returned from Eng- 
land in 1836 with gifts of 1,500 volumes for the library, includ- 
ing a set of the folio volumes of the Records Commission and the 
Royal Observatory. 

An attempt was now made to resume instruction in theological 
studies, but it was not continued after the resignation of Dr. 
Babcock in July, 1836, who was obliged to seek a milder climate. 
The resolutions adopted by the trustees are expressive of their 
sense of the "zeal and ability, the dignity and urbanity, with 
which he discharged the arduous duties confided to him." 

Rev. Robert E. Pattison, who had served as professor of 
mathematics in 1828-29, ^^^ chosen to succeed Dr. Babcock. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 3OI 

Under his care the attendance was largely increased and the 
quaHty of the instruction rose to a high rank. Another effort 
was made to reHeve the College from financial embarassment but 
without success. Dr. Pattison resigned the presidency in 
December, 1839, and several of the professors also tendered their 
resignations. By the influence of Prof. George W. Keely, the 
acting president, instruction was maintained and one more 
attempt made to secure funds. The citizens of Waterville 
responded liberally and $10,000 was at once subscribed, of which 
the ill-paid professors subscribed $2,000. Agents were sent out 
through Maine and Massachusetts and by December, 1840, sub- 
scriptions amounting to $50,000 were obtained. 

In August, 1841, Mr. Eliphaz Fay, an eminent teacher in 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., was chosen president. The recent crisis 
affected the attendance, reducing the number of students in 1841- 
42 to only seventy-six. The resignation of President Fay was 
accepted in August, 1843, ^""^ Rev. David N. Sheldon, then 
pastor of the Baptist church in Waterville was chosen his suc- 
cessor. Under his care and with the co-operation of an able 
and devoted faculty three of whom were subsequently eminent 
as college presidents, the earlier prestige of the College was 
revived and students presented themselves in larger number. 

Ten years passed in comparative quiet. The small income of 
the College was yet sufficient to meet its wants. In 1853 Dr> 
Sheldon retired to resume the work of the min.stry, and Dr. 
Pattison, the beloved president of the College in 1836-1839, was 
recalled to the direction of its affairs. His second term of three 
years was marked by the intellectual vigor and devotedness of a 
Christian character of rare excellence. 

Prof. James T. Champlin, whose text-books on the Orations 
of Demosthenes were for thirty years in general use in American 
colleges, was promoted to the presidency of the College in 1857. 
Some efforts were made to solicit endowment funds. The 
classes entering in 1858 and 1859 were unusually large, but 
before graduation the outbreak of the War of the Rebellion had 
called many into the service of the nation. Only sixty-two 
students remained in 1864-65. Professors Smith, Lyford, Foster 
and Hamlin constituted the faculty of instruction. 

With the invested funds reduced to $15,000 and rapidly grow- 
ing less, the outlook was indeed dark. The dawn of brighter 



302 



lUSTOKY OF \V.\TKK\1LLU. 



clays, however, was approaching. Mr. Gardner Colby of Boston, 
part of whose childhood had been spent in Waterville, came for- 
ward with an offer of $50,000 on condition that the friends of 
the College raise $100,000. Much enthusiasm was awakened by 
this generous offer, and Dr. Champlin, aided by members of the 
faculty, canvassed the state vigorously, completing the required 
subscription in about two years. In recognition of Mr. Colby's 
munificent gift, the trustees obtained from the legislature in 1867 
an act changing the name of the College to Colby University. 

Mr. Colby's gift called forth other considerable gifts. Aided 
by the alumni a memorial building was built of stone in 1869 at 
a cost of $50,000. Here the library found a home especially 
designed for its use, though its 9,000 volumes seemed lost on the 
spacious shelves built to contain 30,000 in the far distant future. 
The new chapel accommodations wrought a marked change in 
the daily services, now held at eight o'clock instead of at six in 
the morning and five in the afternoon. In the iMemorial Hall 
was placed by the alumni a marble tablet inscribed with the 
names of twenty College men who hatl laid down their lives for 
the Union. 

The commencement dinner in 1870 was marked by great 
enthusiasm, culminating in pledges of $50,000 for a building for 
the department of natural sciences then directed by Prof. Charles 
E. Hamlin. The building was finished in 1872 and styled 
Coburn Hall. The old chapel was remodeled into convenient 
lecture rooms and named Champlin Hall. The early six o'clock 
recitations were abandoned. Steam heating was introduced into 
the renovated North College now called Chaplin Hall. These 
improvements were made under the direct supervision of Presi- 
dent Champlin and paid for by subscriptions solicited mainly by 
him, and yet the invested funds had increased to $200,000. 

The semi-centennial of the College in 1870 was the occasion 
of an address by Dr. Champlin in which he reviewed the early 
history of the College and its prospective advancement. Hon. 
D. L. Milliken of Waterville, a trustee and benefactor of the 
College, was instrumental in obtaining from the State in 1864 
a grant of two half townships of land, the last gift from that 
source. 



HISTORY OF WATKnVILr.E. 3O3 

In July, 1872, Dr. Champlin tendered his resignation but 
remained in office at the request of the trustees one year longer, 
when he retired to devote himself to literary pursuits. 

Rev. Henry E. Robins, D. D., of Rochester, N. Y., came to 
the presidency in 1873. He aroused new interest in the College 
especially among the Baptist churches of the State, being firmly 
convinced that only in this way could a permanent and growing 
constituency be gained. New courses of instruction were added 
and those long established infused with new life. The South 
College was renovated, the gymnasium made an important factor 
in college training, and the library, in the year of the great 
awakenmg of library interest, was placed in charge of a paid 
librarian. The collection of the two literary societies, the Liter- 
ary Fraternity which was maintained from 1824 to 1878, and the 
Erosophian Adelphi from 1836 to 1876, were united with the 
College library. A gratifying increase in attendance followed, 
the highest number being 157 in 1879. On the death of Mr. 
Colby in 1879 the College received a bequest of $120,000. The 
arduous labors of President Robins so undermined his health that 
he was obliged to spend the year 1880-81 in foreign travel, leav- 
ing Prof. S. K. Smith, D. D., as acting president, and in 1882 he 
resigned his position. Hon. Percival *Bonney was chosen treas- 
urer in 1 88 1 and served twenty-one years in that office. 

Rev. George D. P.. Pepper, D. D., succeeded President Robins 
in 1882 and administered the afifairs of the College with great 
fidelity until failing health compelled him to resign in 1889. 
The average attendance during this period was about 120. Dr. 
Pepper developed measures for the improvement of the work and 
finances of the College and advanced its reputation. Hon. Abner 
Coburn, dying in 1885, bequeathed $200,000 to the College of 
which he had been a faithful trustee for forty years. Hon. 
Richard C. Shannon, who was graduated in 1862, erected in 
1889 the brick building called the Shannon Observatory and 
Physical Laboratory, for the department than in charge of the 
eminent astronomer. Dr. William A. Rogers. President Pepper, 
in 1885, obtained the establishment of a new professorship of 
geology and mineralogy, to which Dr. W. S. Bayley of the U. S. 
Geological Survey was called. The professor of history, Dr. 
A. W. Small, devoted a year's leave of absence to university 



304 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

Study in Baltimore, supplementing an earlier course in Berlin. 
At Dr. Pepper's retirement the endowment funds had risen to 
$505,767. His unexpected resignation was accompanied by a 
strong recommendation that Prof. Albion \V. Small, Ph. D., be 
appointed his successor. The suggestion was at once ratified by 
the board of trustees and President Small, the first graduate of 
the College to be chosen to that office, assumed his duties in 
August, 1889. His intimate knowledge of the conditions and 
limitations of the College enabled him to devise measures for 
improving its educational facilities and exerting a wider influ- 
ence. To meet the growing demand for the higher education of 
young women Dr. Small conceived the plan which was at once 
put into successful operation, of arranging for the instruction 
of the young women in separate classes, thus forming a co-ordi- 
nate college system. 

The plan of giving to the students some participation in the 
government of the collegiate body, proposed by Dr. Pepper, was 
developed and set in operation by President Small. In 1891 the 
number of students was 184. The University of Chicago called 
Dr. Small in 1892 to be the honored head of its department of 
sociology. 

An able successor to President Small was found in the young 
pastor of the Free Street church in Portland, Rev. Benaiah L. 
Whitman, D. D., in whose first year, 1892-93, 206 students were 
enrolled. A department of Biblical instruction, with Dr. Pepper 
at its head, was maintained largely by special contributions from 
1892 to 1899. Courses in university extension work were 
offered by several of the Colby professors between the years 1892 
and 1900. The gymnasium was enlarged and furnished with 
baths and modern equipment in 1893 and physical training 
became an important adjunct to the curriculum. The vigorous 
and efficient administration of President Whitman attracted the 
notice of Columbian University in 1895, and he was called to the 
presidency of that institution. 

A second graduate of the College, Dr. Nathaniel Butler, whose 
father and grandfather had served as trustees of Waterville 
College, was induced to leave an important position in the Uni- 
versity of Chicago to become president of Colby. Dr. Butler 
entered upon his duties in January, 1896, bringing a wide experi- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 305 

ence in college instruction and high ideals of the function of the 
college in the American educational system. Under his com- 
petent direction intellectual, physical and social education each 
received due consideration. The misleading title of "university," 
assumed when our country had no real universities, was 
exchanged in 1899 ^°^ '^''■'''^ o^ "College" at his instance. 

A subscription to raise .$60,000 for new buildings and other 
purposes, received the approval of the citizens of Waterville at 
a public meeting called by the board of trade. The desired 
amount was obtained. Rev. N. T. Button acting as financial 
agent. The Alumni Chemical Hall was erected in 1898 at a cost 
of $30,000. A pledge that in due time a building for the 
Women's College should be built and furnished was received 
from a friend whose name is not yet made public. Rev. C. E. 
Owen, after the decease of IMr. Button, was given charge of a 
second subscription of $60,000 and his appeals have met with 
favorable response. 

President Butler gradually brought the manifold details and 
diverse interests of -all departments of college activity into har- 
monious and systematic working. A marked improvement in 
College spirit and loyalty was awakened in the student body. 
His scholarly addresses at many literary and educational gather- 
ings reflected great honor upon the College and made its name 
more widely and honorably known. 

But the University of Chicago which reluctantly parted with 
Br. Butler in 1896, again claimed him in June, 1901, to take 
charge of an important division of its work. His resignation 
seemed like a public calamity, affecting not only the College, but 
the entire community, which had through him been brought to 
take an unusual interest in the welfare of the College. 

A farewell dinner was given to Br. Butler by the citizens of 
Waterville and a silver loving-cup presented as a token of their 
high esteem. 

The trustees elected as the successor of President Butler, Rev. 
Charles L. White, B. B., of Hampton Falls, N. H., a graduate 
of Brown University, who entered upon his duties September 
first, 1901, and consequently at this centennial of Waterville is 
at the beginning of his presidential career. 
20 



CHAPTER Xll. 



THE SECRET FRATERNAL ORDERS OF 
WATERVILLE. 

By NoKMAN Kkith Fuller, Esq. 

The time is not far distant when it will be proper to add to 
that trite expression, "The permanence of our republican govern- 
ment rests on the school, the church and the home," a fourth 
institution, the secret fraternal order. The large number of 
fraternal orders in the country, their remarkable growth and the 
prominence of many of the men who are members, bespeak for 
them a prosperous future and a yet larger influence in the devel- 
opment of our republic. 

Waterville was only in its infancy when the first fraternal 
order, the Masonic, was established here ; it had been incorporated 
as a town only eighteen years, its first church had been estab- 
lished only two years and a bridge across the Kennebec, connect- 
ing it with Winslow, was not constructed until four years later. 
It will thus be seen that from its early history the secret fraternal 
orders have been a part of the life of the city, growing and devel- 
oping with it, until to-day one is surprised at the large number 
which not only exist, but thrive, in a place the size of Waterville. 
Not all orders, however, have found Waterville a fertile field. 
Some have met an early death. But when we contemplate the 
large number that find a welcome home here to-day we have 
ample proof that Waterville people are not slow to appreciate an 
institution which, regarded in all its varied phases, represents 
so much that is indispensable to the highest happiness and wel- 
fare of our citizens. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 307 

"I think, am sure, a brother's love exceeds 
All the world's loves in its unworldliness." 

The various orders are treated in the order of their establish- 
ment in this city. 

Waterville Lodge, No. 33, F. & A. M., was the thirty-third 
Masonic lodge formed in the State and was so numbered. Its 
organization dates from the summer of 1820, in which year the 
grand lodge of Maine was formed, and the district of Maine 
separated from Massachusetts, and erected into an independent 
State. The charter of the lodge, bearing date June 27, 1820, 
was granted in compliance with the petition of thirteen brethren 
then living in Waterville, Fairfield, Clinton and Winslow. It 
is worthy of mention that the charter of the lodge bears the signa- 
ture of William King, as grand master of the grand lodge, who 
was also the first governor of the new State of Maine ; of Simon 
Greenleaf, as deputy grand master, who became a distinguished 
jurist and author, and a professor in the Harvard Law School ; 
of William Swan, as senior grand warden ; of Nathaniel Coffin, 
as junior grand warden; of William Lord, as grand secretary. 

Of the charter members Jephthah Ames was an axe-maker. 
He resided in Waterville but a short time and removed to New 
Hampshire. Major Ebenezer Bolkcom was a highly esteemed 
and wellknown citizen. He died in Georgia whither he went to 
recuperate his health about 1850. Elias Cobb was studying law 
with Mr. Boutelle. Ellis Burgess was keeper of a public house 
at West Fairfield. Col. Ephraim Getchell came from Berwick 
and afterwards removed to Carmel. Henry Johnson came from 
the state of New York to Clinton, and there is a tradition that he 
was concerned in some way in the Hamilton and Burr duel in 
1804, and that that was the occasion for his emigrating to the 
then district of Maine. General William Kendall, the father of 
Capt. William Kendall, of circular-saw celebrity, was a man of 
much importance. He owned nearly all of the land on which is 
now located Fairfield village. In honor of him, the village was 
for many years called Kendall's Mills. Thomas Stinchfield was 
a clothier, Hezekiah Stratton was a merchant. Calvin Wood 
was a mill-man and lumber-man. Capt. Nahum Wood lived in 
Winslow, and was a carpenter. David Nourse was a boatman. 
Dr. Stephen Thayer was a wellknown physician. 



308 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

The meetings of the lodge have been held in eight different 
places. The lodge was organized October 26, 1820, in Thomas 
Kimball's hall in the tavern kept by him on the western side of 
Maine street. It stood ver\' nearly on the site of the building 
now occupied by Mr. Harriman for a jeweller's store and Air. 
Dunham for a shoe store. The meetings were held here for 
nearly four years. From July, 1824, until suspension of work 
in 1831, when the anti-masonic excitement prevailed, the lodge 
met in the Bank house, so-called, a large wooden structure sit- 
uated at the foot of Main street, on the western side. For the 
next fourteen years only one meeting was held and that was held 
in the office of Alpheus Lyon. From the resumption of work in 
February, 1845, ""til about 1830, the lodge met in the hall of the 
Waterville Liberal Institute, on Elm Street, corner of School 
street, in a building which still stands on the same site, converted 
into a dwelling. From December 16, 1850, to February 3, 1851, 
the fraternity had temporary quarters in Phoenix hall, the same 
room which is now used for the typographical and printing work 
of the Waterville Mail. The next meeting place of the lodge 
was in the third story of the building now occupied by Ward- 
well's dry goods store. The fraternity used this room for 
twenty-four years from February 10, 1851, to April 12, 1875. 
The Commandery newly organized, held the last meeting here 
on the 25th of March, 1875. The sixth hall, which was occupied 
by the lodge from 1875 to 1890, was in the old Plaisted building 
which was located on the site of the new brick Plaisted building. 
The seventh place of meeting was in Ware's hall, on the upper 
floor of the building now occupied by the Merchants' National 
Bank. 

The eighth and present place of meeting is the new Masonic 
Temple on Common street, which was consecrated in full 
masonic form by the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Maine 
on Saturday, June 13, 1891, just seventy years to a day from 
the consecration of the lodge. The day was a proud one for 
Waterville Masons. Distinguished visitors from other places 
including Palestine Commandery of Belfast, joined with the local 
members of the fraternity and their ladies in the celebration. 
The exercises were very elaborate and included an oration by 
Rev. J. L. Seward, of the Unitarian church. The first meeting 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 3O9 

of the lodge in this temple on March 23, 1891, had been the 
occasion of a strange coincidence. It happened to be precisely 
sixty years to a day since the last meeting, March 23, 1831, 
before the dark days of Masonry. As if to commemorate the 
event the electric lights all went out. This was owing to the 
high water in the Kennebec river. Oil lamps were quickly pro- 
vided by the aid of which the exercises of the evening were com- 
pleted. The only thing lacking to make the temple complete was 
procured in 1901, when the various masonic bodies purchased 
at a cost of fifteen hundred dollars, a new pipe organ, one of the 
finest toned organs in the city. 

Though believing in religion, and though practicing charity, 
the Masonic order is primarily and essentially fraternal. As 
indicating the prominence of some of the men who have been 
Masons in this city it is worthy of mention that, with one excep- 
tion, all of the mayors of Waterville, from its incorporation as 
a city in 1888, to the present time have been Masons. 

On Augi-ist 14, 1901, by request of the city government, the 
corner stone of the new city hall was laid with due ceremony 
under the auspices of the Masonic lodge, represented by the offi- 
cers of the grand lodge of Maine. 

In the eighty-two years since it was chartered, Waterville 
lodge has had forty-one different masters, as follows : Benjamin 
Adams, David Shepherd, Joseph R. Abbott, Alpheus Lyon, Mil- 
ford P. Norton, Daniel Cook, Richard M. Dorr, Samuel Wells, 
Asil Stilson, Alden Palmer, Jeremiah Arnold, Thomas W. Her- 
rick, Wadsworth Chipman, Josiah H. Drummond, Charles M. 
Morse, Edward G. Meader, Charles R. McFadden, Willard B. 
Arnold, Frank W. Knight, Nathaniel Meader, Jonathan Meader, 
Isaac S. Bangs, Edmund F. Webb, Charles H. Alden, Llewellyn 
E. Cromm.ett, R. Wesley Dunn, Frederick C. Thayer, Franklin 
A. Smith, Andrew L. McFadden, Edwin F. Small, Horace W. 
Stewart, True B. Page, William H. K. Abbott, Anson O. Libby, 
Warren C. Philbrook, Frank Walker, Charles F. Johnson, 
Martin F. Bartlett, Herbert M. Fuller, John M. Webber, Cyrus 
W. Davis. 

There have been connected with Waterville lodge either by 
demit from other lodges or by having taken one or more degrees. 



310 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

or honorary members, a total of 669 men, the present membership 
being 266. 

Till-; Teconnet Chapter Royal Arch jMasoxs was organ- 
ized in this city in 1892, by dispensation from the Grand Royal 
Arch Chapter of Maine. 

St. Omer Commandery of Knights Templar was organized 
with sixty charter members, September 27, 1874. The eminent 
commanders have been : George Wilkins, Isaac S. Bangs, 
Nathaniel Meader, Frederick C. Tha3'er, Frank A. Smith, 
Andrew L. McFadden, Horace W. Stewart, E. L. Veasie, Fred 
A. Lovejoy, W. A. R. Boothby; Warren C. Philbrook, Arthur 
H. Totman, John Phillips, James Frederick Hill, Charles F. 
Johnson and Mortimer E. Adams. 

Martha Washington Chapter, No. 15, of the Order of 
THE Eastern Star, was organized February 24, 1894. 

TicoNic Division, No. 13, Sons of Temperance is as its 
name implies, a temperance organization, and was instituted 
November 27, 1845. This order did much to pave the way for 
the establishment of the prohibitory law in this State. Among 
the early patriarchs were T. O. Sanders, Eldridge L. Getchell, 
W. M. Phillips, Edward L. Smith, E. H. Piper, R. Perley, 
Simeon Keith, Edward C. Low, John P. Caffrey, Jones R. Elden 
and George S. C. Dow. 

Ticonic Division was reorganized in 1858 with the following 
charter list : H. C. Leonard, Llewellyn E. Crommett, Charles 
M. Morse, Charles R. McFadden, Charles W. Wingate, Jones 
R. Elden, Joshua C. Bartlett, Thomas W. Herrick, Charles R. 
Phillips, Hiram P. Cousins, George L. Robinson, Jeremiah 
Arnold, Edward C. Lowe, Joshua Nye and Moses Hanscom. 
The worthy patriarchs since reorganizaton have been : Everett 
R. Drummond, Levi T. Boothby, Samuel Osborne, Thomas Ran- 
sted, Mrs. Estelle Ransted, Byron Kimball, Mrs. Laura F. 
Mason, James Coombs, Hiram O. Ray, Inez White, Vonia Pres- 
sey, Irving P. Barnes, Estelle Ray, S. H. Holmes, Mary Wilson, 
C. P. Toward, Stephen J. Cunningham, A. W. Starbird, Myra 
Coombs, Edwin Barnes, Frank J. White, Arthur Barton, Amelia 
Smith, Emily Ray and Leverett Dow. The order has a present 
membership of about thirty. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 3II 

In 1846 a lodge of the I. O. O. F. was founded in Waterville 
by Amasa Dingley, and named Samaritan Lodge No. 39. 

Among the charter members were James Smiley, George H. 
Esty. Solon S. Simons, and Henry B. White. Eldridge L. 
Getchell, Sumner and Joseph Percival, Simeon Keith, Nathaniel 
R. Boutelle and Ephraim Maxham were among the early mem- 
bers. After continuing eight years the lodge became dormant, 
but twenty years later, when Odd Fellowship revived, a new 
charter was granted under the old name and number, and on 
January 14, 1874, the grand officers instituted the present lodge 
with eleven charter members, as follows : Edward C. Lowe, Geo. 
H. Esty, Henry B. White, Joshua Nye, W. G. Penny, Joseph 
Percival, Nathaniel R. Boutelle, D. M. Black, Ephraim Maxham, 
Geo. Jewell, and Levi T. Boothby. The Noble Grands of the 
lodge, beginning with 1874, have been : Henry B. White, a char- 
ter member, Edward C. Lowe, George H. Esty, Joshua Nye, 
D. M. Black, Levi T. Boothby, Henry T. Chamberlain, Charles 
H. Drummond, George S. Dollofif, Evander Gilpatrick, Calvin 
W. Gilnian, Charles H. Jones, Simeon Keith, E. A. Longfellow, 
W. J. Maynard, Newton J. Norris, J. L. Perkins, F. A. Robbins, 
Weston B. Smiley, J. E. Scribner, E. N. Small, E. L. Spaulding, 
William L Towne, J. L. Towne, Charles R. Tyler, C. Henry 
Williams, Eugene W. Woodman, M. H. Blackwell, Joseph M. 
Barker, John Dailey, Charles M. Turner, William C. Cannon, 
Edgar N. Keene, William A. Hager, Chandler W. Wormell, 
Josiah W. Morrell, William H. Dearborn, Horace S. Howard, 
Charles L. Getchell, George H. Watts, and D. R. McLean. 

Odd Fellowship is primarily fraternal, but it has always done 
much in a charitable way, relieving the sick and dying, aiding the 
widow, protecting and educating the orphan. Its members are 
enjoined to illustrate by their acts and carry out, as far as pos- 
sible, the sublime maxim, — "All things whatsoever ye would that 
men should do unto you, do ye even so to them." The lodge 
now has a membership of two hundred and twenty. It occupies 
one of the finest halls in the city, in the new Haines block on 
Common street. 

Encampment No. 22 was chartered at Fairfield August 9, 
iS74,as Somerset Encampment No. 22. In January, 1883, it was 



312 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLIC. 

changed to Ahikam Encampment No. 22. Canton Halifax 
No. 24 was chartered June 5, 1889. Dorcas Rf.i!Ekaii Degree 
Lodge No. 41 was instituted April 25, 1892. 

Waterville Lodge, Good Temtlars. was organized January 
17, 1876, with Frederick S. Clay, VV. C. T. The following were 
charter members : J. L. Perkins, H. M. Rice, Eugene Hyland, 
Willie Hyland, Albert E. Estes, William Thayer, Frederick S. 
Clay, James N. King, E. J. Lowe, Lizzie Amazeen, Hannah 
Leavitt, Ada E. Estes, Lizzie S. Wheeler, Annie Phelon. Abbie 
E. Ridley, Mrs. S. R. Tibbetts, Effie E. Wheeler, Hattie E. 
Haynes, Flora E. Morton, Belle Morton, J. M. Garland, J. L. 
Towne, C. E. Estes, Edith Furbush, J. H. W. Lawrence, and 
Henry Ware. Samuel Osborne, the colored janitor at Colby 
College, has always been an active member, having held office in 
the grand lodge of Maine. He was chosen a delegate to the 
supreme lodge which holds its session at Stockholm, Sweden, his 
expenses being paid as a testimonial by his many friends. The 
order has a present membership of ninety-eight. 

Waterville Lodge No. 3, A. O. U. W.. an insurance and 
fraternal order, is in a flourishing condition, with a present mem- 
bership of two hundred and eighty-five. It was organized here 
March 22, 1882, with twenty-two charter members, largely 
through the influence of J. W. Garland. January i, 1890, Pine 
Tree Lodge No. 19, of Fairfield, with thirty-three members was 
consolidated with Waterville lodge. The presiding officers have 
been William T. Haines, Fred D. Nudd, C. P. Toward, C. P. 
Sherman, Albert E. Ellis, Charles F. Johnson, Orrison O. Cross, 
Edwin Towne, David P. Stowell, George A. Warren, C. F. 
Merrill, Everett E. Haynes, and Joseph O'Conner. 

On April 5, 1893, the Degree of Honor, Fidelity Lodge, 
No. 3, was organized, and since then the Helping Hand Asso- 
ciation. The lodge occupies spacious rooms on the third floor 
of the Arnold block. 

Havelock Lodge No. 35, Knights of Pythias was instituted 
May 17, 1883, and holds a high position among the fraternal 
organizations of the city. The following were the charter mem- 
bers : W. A. R. Boothbv, Andrew L. McFadden, E. M. Mars- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 313 

ton, Appleton Webb, Edward C. Luce, Appleton H. Plaistcd, 
A. C. Crockett, Leonard D. Carver, Alfred Thompson, Frank 
Redington, Frank J. Goodridge, W. S. Dunham, J. M. Wall, 
William F. Swan, A. J. Lyon, Phenny Lyon, John N. Webber, 
Reaford Patten and F. W. Kincaid. The chair of the C. M. 
has been filled by the following : A. W. Allen, Charles F. Ayer, 
Stephen F. Brann, Luther G. Bunker, Samuel A. Burleigh, 
Edgar J. Brown, George S. Dollofif, John A. Davidson, Frank 
J. Goodridge, F. A. Lincoln, Warren C. Philbrook, Henry C. 
Prince, Luke B. Spencer, Frank W. Smith, Selden E. Whitcomb, 
Everett C. Wardwell, and H. Leroy Simpson. 

The lodge has a present membership of one hundred and fifty, 
and is proud to number among its members the grand chancellor 
of the grand lodge of Maine, in the person of Hon. Warren C. 
Philbrook. 

The Uniform Rank, Bayard Company No. 9, which is the 
military branch of the order, was instituted November 10, 1890. 
It has a membership of fifty-two. It drills and is governed by 
the same military tactics as are used in the U. S. Army. 

The past captains are A. W. Stewart, Eugene W. Allen, F. A. 
Lincoln, Henry C. Prince, Hiram O. Ray, Luther G. Bunker and 
Edgar J. Brown. 

CoMMANDERV No. 332, U. O. G. C, 'vas instituted February 
3, 1888, with twenty-five charter members. It has a present 
membership of seventy-five. 

The presiding officers from the beginning have been Jefferson 
Wood, Thomas W. Scribner, Herbert M. Fuller, H. W. Ludwig, 
Samuel W. Fuller, N. F. Tower, Mrs. H. M. C. Estes, Lewis M. 
Small, L. S. Tupper, Luke Ivers, Joseph H. Knox, Byron A. 
Kimball, Angelos W. Merrill, Mrs. E. M. Brann, Alden A. 
Wright, Mrs. F. F. Merrill, Mabel Lacomb, J. S. Lewis, and 
Fred S. Harding. 

The objects of this order are social, beneficent and fraternal. 
During the fourteen years it has existed in the city $13,500 have 
been paid to local beneficiaries. 

L'Union Laf.wette, founded in 1890, is a social and insur- 
ance order, wholly local, and has a present membership of two 
hundred and ninety. 



314 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Its presidents have been Joseph Matthieu, Achille Joly, A. P. 
A. Pichette, Adelard Holde, Fred W. Clair, Abraham Reny, 
Peter D. Fortier and Gedeon Picher. 

Waterville Lodge, No. 221, New England Order of Pro- 
tection was instituted June 19, 1893, with the following charter 
members: William T. Haines, Warren C. Philbrook, W. Fred 
P. Fogg, Carroll \V. Abbott, Colby Getchell, R. E. Attwood, 
Gustavus L. Weeks, S. A. Estes, Clarence R. Miller, Granville 
Sibley, E. A. Bailey, Waldron F. Kennison, George V. Spauld- 
ing, Clarence E. Tupper, F. M. Shores, J. K. Soule, and S. H. 
Rhoades. 

This order is a ritualistic, benevolent and fraternal one, with 
a present membership of about sixty. A rather remarkable thing 
in connection with Waterville lodge is that in the nine years of 
its existence death has not entered its ranks. 

The following have filled the warden's chair: W. Fred P. 
Fogg, Gustavus L. Weeks, George F. Gile, Colby Getchell, 
Waldron F. Kennison, E. A. Cox, Eugene W. Woodman, and 
Russell S. Barton. 

Court Sebasticook, No. 1,495, Independent Order of For- 
esters, was organized March 2, 1894, by James Grover, with 
forty-six charter members, among whom were Charles F. John- 
son, Harvey D. Eaton, J. Frederick Hill, Frederick C. Thayer, 
Mark Gallert, Henry C. Prince, Charles E. Matthews, Elwood 
T. Wyman, Cyrus \V. Davis and F. August Knauff. 

It is an insurance and fraternal order. The past chief rangers 
are Harvey D. Eaton, Charles F. Ayer, Hartwell W. Pollard 
and W. Parker Stewart. Frank J. Hughes is the present chief 
ranger. 

The American Benefit Society, an insurance order, has 
two lodges in the city. Waterville Lodge, No. 40, started 
December 31, 1895, with twenty-four charter members and has 
a present membership of fifty. 

Its presidents have been John J. Reid, George L. Cannon and 
George F. Davies. 

Richelieu Lodge, No. 4, was organized January 28, 1896, 
with thirty charter members and has a present membership of 
sixty. 



HISTORY OF waterville:. 315 

Its presidents liave been Fred VV. Clair, Gedeon Pitclier, 
Achille Joly, Joseph Bujeaii and Abraham Reny. 

Waterville Council, No. 148, Knights oi' Columbus was 
organized February 9, 1896, with thirty-nine charter members. 
It is a social, fraternal and insurance order, and has a present 
membership of sixty. It meets in the Knights of Columbus Hall 
on the west side of Main street. 

The following have filled the chair of grand knight : John 
B. Friel, John P. Baxter, Fred \\'. Clair, John Hogan and Arthur 
Darviau. 

Kennebec Council, No. 14, Order United American 
Mech.\nics was instituted in this city in Seper's Hall, Novem- 
ber 6, 1896. with thirty-one charter members, as follows : Frank 
Brann, Alphonso H. Cook, William H. Andrews, E. A. Mills, 
John Fish, Milan S. Thomas, Russell C. Taylor, C. C. Ellis, 
Hiram E. Eddy, Alonzo E. Mathews, George B. Huff, Oscar N. 
Getchell, M. L. Strickland. Fred L. Merrill, Warren C. Casey, 
John King, C. A. Farnham, William H. Belleveau, James T. 
Flynn, George A. Warren, Charles A. Holway, Algenon C. 
Glazier, Charles W. Davis, Leroy R. Kitchen, Charles C. Bridges, 
James H. Pooler, E. D. Mitchell, Charles E. Wright, Charles H. 
Gibson, Thomas G. Rose and Claude C. Cole. 

The O. U. A. M. is a patriotic, social, fraternal and benevolent 
secret association, composed entirely of those born in the United 
States of America, or under the protection of its flag. Its motto 
is, "Honesty, industry, and sobriety." The local lodge after 
meeting in Soper's Hall until December i, 1897, leased its pres- 
ent fine hall in Milliken block on the corner of ]\Iain and Silver 
streets. 

The following is a list of the senior ex-councillors : E. F. 
Parker, Everett E. Haynes, Frank W. Lewis, George A. Warren, 
Leroy R. Kitchen, William M. Pulsifer. Charles Bridges and 
David H. Bowker. 

The Foresters of America are represented in this city by two 
lodges. The first. Court Canada, was organized among the 
French citizens in 1896, with six charter members. The second. 
Court America, No. 14, was organized February 25, 1897, with 



3l6 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

thirty-five charter members. This order is purely a beneficial 
and benevolent organization. Its purposes are the mutual pro- 
tection and assistance of its members in sickness and distress. 

The past chief rangers are Fred D. Nudd, Edwin J. Littlefield, 
Harry E. Hinds, George \V. Hoxie, Edward L. Hanscom, Dana 
P. Foster, James A. Weymouth and Fred E. Hoxie. 

The Modern Woodmen of America, Waterville, Camp 
No. 8,465, was organized in this city August 9, 1900. It is a 
fraternal insurance order, and started with a charter list of six- 
teen members, as follows ; Warren C. Philbrook, Luther G. 
Bunker, W. E. Choate, Thomas Suttie, Bliss T. Watts, E. L. 
Marston, Peter M. Libby, Alden A. Wright, Flavins H. Mace, 
W. M. Ladd, Ernest M. Home, C. H. Page, J. E. Lashus, 
Charles A. Grondin, Frank Blanchard and Fred E. Libby. 

The Maccabees is represented by two lodges, both of which 
were organized in 1901. Ticonic Tent has a membership of 
one hundred and forty, and Hope Tent, No. 12, a membership 
of fifty-two. This is an insurance order. 

At Colby there are five Greek letter fraternities : Delta 
Kappa Epsilon. chartered at Colby in 1845, has a membership 
of twenty-four; Zeta Psi, chartered in 1850, has a membership 
of eighteen ; Delta Upsilon, chartered in 1852, has a member- 
ship of twenty-seven ; Phi Delta Theta, chartered in 1884, has 
a membership of twenty-one; Alpha Tau Omega, chartered in 
1892, has a membership of ten. There are two sororities, both 
of which are local. 

Sigma Kappa, founded in 1874, numbers thirty-two members 
and Beta Phi, foimded in 1895, numbers twenty-eight. 

At one time there existed in the city an organization of 
Grangers, of which Martin Blaisdell, Fred Pooler and George 
Balentine were prominent members. It is long since defunct. 

The Knights of Honor, No. 289, an insurance and fraternal 
order, was establisiied here in 1870 and existed for about fifteen 
years. 

Bombazcen Tribe of Red Men, No. 39, was instituted in 1894. 
Although it had a membership of seventy-five the attendance at 
the meetings was so small that the charter was given up in 1901. 



HISTORY OF WATKRVILLE. 317 

The Ancient Ascenic Order, the prime purpose of which was 
insurance, was established here in 1898, but only lasted one year. 



THK CANIEAS CLUB. 

Club life for men has its sole representative in this city in the 
Canibas Club. This club is a local organization for social pur- 
poses and was formed on Washington's birthday, 1889. Its first 
president was Gen. I. S. Bangs ; first vice-president. Dr. F. C 
Thayer ; second vice-president, H. W. Stewart ; secretary and 
treasurer, George K. Boutelle, Esq. Its first board of directors 
included E. L. Jones, E. L. Veazie, Frank Redington, John N. 
Webber and W. M. Dunn. The club moved into its present 
elegant quarters on Main street just below the Unitarian church, 
November 13, 1889. 

Its officers for the present year are : President, Oscar G. 
Springfield ; vice-president, F. B. Hubbard ; secretary and treas- 
urer, E. M. Home. Directors, W. S. Dunham, G. F. Terry, 
W. J. Fogarty, C. E. Mathews, E. L. Jones. The present mem- 
bership of the club is fifty-nine. 



CHAPTER XllI 



SOCIAL LIFE IN WATERVILLE. 

By Martha Baker Dunn, author of "Memory Street," Lias' 
Wife. etc. 

The social life of any moderate-sized town or city is usually a 
difHcult thing to classify or even to formulate. It is apt to be 
sporadic rather than general, and subject to a reaction and 
reaction as pronounced though perhaps not as regular as the ebb 
and flow of the tide; yet to say as one is sometimes on first 
thought tempted to do, that any spot where human beings live 
has no social life, is to forget that the most significant part of the 
history of the world is made up of the daily intercourse of men 
and women with each other, and that the impulses born of such 
intercourse, the ties and emotions that grow out of it, constitute 
the underlying forces that mould society. 

Little record of the social life of Waterville up to the beginning 
of the nineteenth century seems to have been preserved even in 
tradition. In 1 791 the population of Winslow, which then 
included the territory on both sides of the river, is estimated at 
77g persons of whom more than half lived within the present 
limits of Waterville, and loved, hated, married, bore children, 
salted their bread with tears or ate it with joy, died and were 
buried even as they are to-day. 

Among the names of citizens engaged in business and paying 
taxes on the west side of the river at that time we find Crommetts, 
Lows, Tozers, Soules, Stack-poles and others, names still well 
known in Waterville annals, and had some one of these bygone 
worthies been inspired to keep such a journal of current events 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 319 

as was done by Gen. Henry Sevvall of Augusta he might have 
materially aided the labors of the modern historian. 

The few diaries and memorandum books available which fur- 
nish any records of those early days contain only the sparsest 
and most commonplace details, records of barter and sale, the 
time of sowing crops and similar intensely practical matters. 
There is, however, in the memorandum book of one of the resi- 
dents of ancient Winslow a single personal note which stands, 
unexplained, amidst the monotonous sequence of weather, crops 
and traffic, leaving one to wonder whether there may, perchance, 
have been a heart-throb registered in its brief statement. 

"August 15th Sarah Johnson went away ;" that is all the record 
tells us. Who Sarah was, where and why she went, what made 
her departure of such importance, and whether she ever came 
back, these are questions which arise at once, but the answers 
are lost ia the oblivion of time. So far as the curiosity of the 
present generation is concerned, Sarah's going away was a per- 
manent event. 

The times when things are beginning are frequently strenuous 
ones. In the early days of new settlements the actors in the 
scene find enough in the struggle and stress of everyday life to 
weary their muscles and satisfy their thirst for excitement. 
Probably the first residents of Waterville were sufficiently occu- 
pied in conquering the wilderness and solving the problem of 
daily existence, and neither felt the need nor saw the opportunity 
for many festivities. Such entertaining as did take place was 
undoubtedly more or less primitive in its nature. 

We read in the histories of the time that the colonists kept up 
intercourse with their distant friends and acquaintances and 
managed in spite of obstacles to pay occasional visits to those liv- 
ing in other settlements. The river was then much more com- 
monly used as a thoroughfare of travel than it is at present. 
Horseback journeys were also very frequent. 

About 1793 pleasure carriages began to appear in Maine and 
in that year General Sewall records the purchase of his "new 
topped sleigh." As early as 1784 mention is made in Mr. 
Sewall's diary of a sleighing party from Augusta to Ebenezer 
Farwell's in Vassalboro, "returning the same night." Very 



320 HISTORY OF WATEKVII.LE. 

possibly this journey was made on the ice. as the roads at that 
time were still very bad. 

Among the amusements mentioned as being in vogue at that 
period were "spinning bees and wool-breakings" for spinning 
and carding. These gatherings not infrequently ended in a 
dance. 

When Col. Lithgow was in command at Fort Halifax we are 
told that, being a very gallant man, he was accustomed in the 
winter time to command his men to sweep the ice and slide the 
ladies. There was at that time an island in the Kennebec river 
just below Ticonic falls which during the warm weather was 
much resorted to by the officers and their wives for pleasure 
parties. This is the first record of local gaieties which appears. 

General Ezekiel Pattee, the pioneer innkeeper of ancient Wins- 
low, which at that time included ancient Waterville, kept a tavern 
within the precincts of Fort Halifax. Here, tradition tells us, 
he at one time entertained "company from Boston" who came 
down to view the landscape o'er and ask questions quite after the 
manner of the modern summer boarder. At this inn Aaron Burr 
was once a guest, but whether the presence of the noted lady- 
killer fluttered the pulses of the local belles no record remains to 
tell. Tradition, however, reports that Col. Burr was profoundly 
moved by the striking beauty of a daughter of Col. Lithgow. 
The lady however, despite the poetry which he sent her, would 
have nothing to do with him. 

On June lo, 1795, the Reverend Joshua Cushman was ordained 
as pastor of the Winslow church. The ordination services were 
held on the Plains, where a huge evergreen bower supported by 
twenty pillars had been erected for the purpose. This was a 
memorable occasion. Ten churches were represented by their 
pastors and also by many of their people. During the first part 
of Mr. Cushman's pastorate, he preached alternately on the east 
and west sides of the river and the ceremonies of his ordination 
were of common interest to both settlements and offered oppor- 
tunity for a notable reunion of relatives and acquaintances. 

With the beginning of the nineteenth century the history of 
social life in Waterville assumes more definite form, but it is still 
a matter of tradition rather than of record — the stories of the 
past with which mothers interested their children, the family 
annals handed down from generation to generation. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 321 

By that time society was beginning to crystallize and take 
shape and the line of class distinction seems to have been at the 
same time more and less sharply drawn than in the present day. 
A row of mills was then growing up along the banks of the Ken- 
nebec, and the mill men, lumbermen and men engaged in general 
business furnished one class, while the representatives of the 
learned professions and the college instructors, after the organi- 
zation of the college, were drawn together by similarity of tastes 
and interests. Dr. Moses Appleton and "Square" Timothy 
Boutelle, however, both prominent figures in the society of the 
time, united business interests with professional practice and the 
final division of classes was probably then, as now, governed in 
part at least by congeniality and circumstance. 

Mr. Boutelle may be characterized as an aristocrat with demo- 
cratic tendencies, and perhaps also as something of a politician, 
and when he entertained no one was left out. 

The less polished guests sat around the long table elbow to 
elbow with those of greater pretensions, and with legs noncha- 
lantly crossed to show themselves fully at ease in the social scene, 
emptied their glasses with the best. 

This was before the days of temperance societies and no 
hospitable gathering was complete without the serving of wines 
and liquors. 

Tea parties, card and dancing parties, and similar functions 
given at private houses, would seem to have been much more 
common in Waterville during the early part of the last century 
than at any time since then, and though these entertainments 
were in some ways distinguished by a dignity and formality 
exceeding that of modern times, they also displayed features 
which in our generation would be considered questionable. 

The oldfashioned tea parties were generally given during the 
winter months. The ladies were invited for the afternoon and 
were urged to come early and bring their work. The gentlemen 
were expected to take supper and spend the evening. When the 
ladies gathered about three o'clock each one was served with a 
small glass of hot spirits and water to drive out the cold, after 
which reviving draught they sat down to gossip and needlework 
in great cheerfulness of spirit. On the arrival of the gentlemen 

21 



322 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

at supper time a similar restorative was administered to them, 
and neither sex was allowed to brave the chill air of a winter 
night without a fortifying draught of hot chern- bounce as a 
preparation for the walk home. 

The lady who first described these tea parties to me, as she had 
often heard the story told by a venerable relative who partici- 
pated in them, assured me that the modest potations in which these 
bygone dames indulged were only sufficient to loosen their 
tongues and promote a gentle hilarity, but alas! the record kept 
by a member of the other sex maliciously asserts that sometimes 
our excellent and stately ancestresses overstepped the mark and 
were betrayed into great gaiety of spirits. Even if this is the 
case however, there is little reason to doubt that our ancestors 
on occasion so far outstripped their gentle companions that any 
comparison would be out of the question. These were days, too, 
when everybody drank more or less and clergy as well as laity 
looked upon alcohol as "one of the good creatures of God." 

At the card parties for sometime after the beginning of the last 
century cards were almost invariably played for small stakes, 
the sum put up being not less than sixpence. 

There lies before me as I write, furnished through the courtesy 
of a gentleman in whose family it was handed down, an invita- 
tion to a "Social Ball," given in "Mr. Kimball's hall" on 
Wednesday evening, February 26, 1819, the hour set for arriving 
at the ball being 5 P. M. The invitation, which is written on the 
back of a playing card, is signed by I\I. Appleton, T. Boutelle, 
J. Stackpole, Jr., J. Morrill and J. \\'iniams, all of whom were 
to officiate as managers. 

One of the noticeable features of this invitation lies in the fact 
that most of the signers had at that time already reached or 
passed the period of middle age, showing that the men of that 
day did not display undue haste in retiring from the active partic- 
ipation in social duties. 

With the foundation of Waterville College a new and important 
element was introduced into the social life of the town. In the 
early history of college festivities the annual commencement ball 
became, perhaps, the most notable society event of the year. It 
was eagerly looked forward to, giiests from out of town were 
invited to swell the dancing list, and the young women of the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 323 

period reserved their most modish costumes to enliance the bril- 
liancy of the occasion. 

It is hardly necessary to state that, at a period when ideas in 
regard to amusements were much stricter than at present, these 
functions were never held under the patronage or with the 
approval of the college authorities. 

The custom of the president's reception, following or pre- 
ceding the annual commencement exercises was instituted by 
Rev. Jeremiah Chaplin, the first president of the college. Dur- 
ing Dr. Chaplin's presidency and for some years after the guests 
at these receptions included very few of the town's people. The 
president and professors of the college with their families, the 
young men of the senior class with their relatives and friends 
from out of town who had come to witness the ceremonies of 
graduation, comprised the usual list of guests who were expected 
to gather at the president's house without formal invitation. 

A lady, who at the age of sixteen, clad in the conventional 
white muslin which tradition pronounced to be the fitting garb 
of the debutante, made hei first entrance into society at one of 
President Chaplin's commencement receptions, has described to 
me the simple yet dignified character of these gatherings. The 
more formal courtesy of that earlier day had a grace of its own, 
and, it is a question whether in relinquishing the form we have 
in all respects made a corresponding gain in substance. 

It was, I think, during the presidency of Dr. G. D. B. Pepper 
that the college receptions first began to include the town's people 
to any noticeable extent. Both Dr. and Mrs. Pepper were people 
of large hospitality, and besides their naturally generous instincts 
in this respect they recognized the fact that whatever served to 
strengthen the bond between the town and the college would 
tend towards the substantial interest of the latter. Under this 
new order of things the number of guests soon became too large 
for entertainment at a private house and the receptions were 
transferred to Memorial Hall and from thence, during the past 
few years, to the new chemical building, where more ample and 
convenient quarters are afforded. 

It is difficult to realize at the present day how wide a separa- 
tion formerly existed between college and town, a separation 



324 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 



marked not merely by the frequent and vigorous "scraps" 
between town and gown, but also recognized in the habits of 
daily life and the current phraseology of the time. The dwellers 
in Waterville were divided by an imaginary line into Silver- 
Streeters and Pious-Hillers, the division being perhaps not so 
much one of territory as of denomination, and representing the 
line of cleavage between the Baptist and Universalist congrega- 
tions. In pursuing my inquiries in regard to the Waterville of 
former days I have more than once encountered persons who 
have told me with an air which showed that some of the ancient 
feeling still lingers, "I know nothing about up-town parties. I 
never attend them." 

In studying the story of the social life of any bygone period, 
one finds that the real flavor and picturesqueness of the tale 
comes out in the comedies and tragedies of daily life, the personal 
details too numerous to be included in any brief narrative. 

The parties given by the Appletons, Boutelles, Redingtons, 
Plaisteds, Stackpoles, Nourses and the rest, gain immensely in 
interest when one knows something about the individual lives of 
the people who talked and danced and laughed and loved amidst 
the background these scenes afforded. The Gilmans were one 
of the conspicuous families of the town, and the vision of the 
second Mrs. Nathaniel Gilman walking up the aisle of the Baptist 
church on her "appearing-out Sunday," clad in shimmering corn- 
colored satin and leaning on her husband's arm, reproduces 
itself on the fading canvas of tradition 

Like a picture, when the pride 
Of its coloring hath died. 

It was an age of portrait painting, and the faces of many of 
these fair women and brave men still look down upon us from 
the walls of the old houses We hear the story of the famous 
red damask upholsteries which came from New York in a sail- 
ing vessel to furnish the Gilman drawing-room, the coming-out 
party given for Miss Anna K. Gilman at the age of fourteen and 
the belles and beaux who helped to make the occasion memorable. 
There were other coming-out parties too and similar gaieties, 
and we are told with some pride in the superior courtesy of 
former times that in those davs when a voung ladv was invited to 




GEN. FKAXKI^iX SMITH. 



HISTORY OF WATEUVILLE. 325 

a ball or large party it always meant that a carriage would be 
provided for her. 

A lady who came to Waterville in her girlhood sixty years 
ago has spoken to me with just enthusiasm of a group of women 
conspicuous in the town during the early years of her residence. 
These women were many of them distinguished for their fine 
personal presence no less than for beauty and strength of char- 
acter. 

Among them may be named Mrs. Gardner, Mrs. William and 
Mrs. Horace Getchell, Mrs. Crooker, Mrs. Joseph Marston, Mrs. 
Dr. Plaisted. Mrs. R. B. Dunn, Mrs. Solyman Heath, the tradi- 
tion of whose beauty and sweetness still lingers, Mrs. Peace 
Meader, the lovely Quakeress whose name was emblematic of 
her character, and others too numerous to mention. 

Perhaps no woman ever made Waterville her home who 
possessed the charm of temperament to a greater degree than 
Mrs. Keely, wife of Professor George W. Keely. Vivacious, 
versatile, delightful in conversation, a fine literary critic, a natu- 
ral grande dame, her place in the society of the town was a 
unique one and the stimulus of her individuality was felt beyond 
her own immediate circle of acquaintance. It was she who gave 
the impulse which made the Waterville of her day a headquarters 
for painters in oil. Madam Keely 's memory lingers in the minds 
of those who knew her with the pungent fragrance of a pot- 
pourri of mingled roses and spices. 

About 1852 was formed the first Waterville Literary Society 
of which I find any record. It had a membership of twenty-five 
persons and was called the Shakesperean Club. This club held 
weekly meetings during the winter season at the houses of the 
various mmbers, and continued in existence uninterruptedly until 
the breaking out of the Civil War put an end to the ancient order 
of things. The membership was about equally made up of men 
and women, and included college professors and professional 
and business men of similar tastes and varying ages. 

The late Dr. Sanger of Bangor, whose youth was passed in 
Waterville, used to declare that this was the only town in the State 
where such a club could be maintained for so long a period. 
The object for which it was formed, the study of the standard 
dramatists, was regularly and systematically pursued. A stand- 



326 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ing committee for the assignment of parts was appointed, with 
the understanding that the parts when given out should be con- 
scientiously studied with a view to a rendering at once critical 
and dramatic. 

In this committee Mr. Edward Meader served continuously 
during the whole period of the club's existence, and Mr. Appleton 
Plaisted during a large part of the time. 

It is related of the Rev. Mr. Wood, at that time pastor of the 
Baptist church, a man of strict tenets and naturally lugubrious 
cast of countenance, that he not only excelled but delighted in 
the representation of comic parts and did not hesitate to join in 
a jovial song when his assumed character demanded it. Mrs. 
Ephraim Maxham, wife of the then editor of the Waterville 
Mail, was especially skilled in the rendering of tragedy. 

The history of the Shakesperean Club is one of which \\'ater- 
ville may well be proud. It had its social features, intimate 
friendships were formed there, courtships even grew out of it, 
but primarily and essentially it was an organization for work and 
its stability and singleness of purpose were the bonds of its 
preservation. 

With the breaking out of the war the former things passed 
away. The new conditions brought their own deep and absorb- 
ing interests. Waterville sent two full companies of volunteers 
to the front and among their officers were William and Francis 
Heath, both notable members of the Shakesperean Club. No 
time now for reading Shakespeare ; the men of the hour were 
writing their own tragedies in blood. The old Wars of the 
Roses were forgotten in the blossoming of this new red rose of 
courage which sprang gloriously to life amidst the crimson stain 
of battle. When at the close of the struggle the old interests 
revived, the club was reformed including many of the former 
members, yet it was not the same. 

The story of the intervening years had gone deep into the 
hearts of the community, from which many had gone out never 
to come back. William Heath had found a hero's grave. Yet 
life goes on in spite of sorrows, and the breath of peace crept 
over the land as softly as the green grass of springtime spread 
its garb of verdure over the deserted battlefields. Time brought 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 327 

its healing, and when the Shakesperean Club merged into the 
Roundabout people had begun to smile and hope and enjoy again. 

The new club continued the study of the dramatists, forming 
itself upon the lines of the old, but it gradually became less 
purely intellectual in its character and more given to feasting and 
social enjoyments. It contmued in active existence for some 
five or six years and its memory is still gratefully cherished by 
those who shared its privileges and hospitalities. 

Previous to the war the secular entertainments connected with 
the church had, for the most part, been confined to the meetings 
of the Ladies' Sewing Circle, at whose mystic rites gentlemen 
were sometimes allowed to participate to the extent of supper 
and a social evening. It was after the close of the war that the 
churches began to assume their present position as centres of 
social as well as spiritual life. In the Waterville of to-day 
church societies, socials and functions of many kinds play an 
important part in bringing people together, promoting fellow- 
ship, and strengthening the ties between friend and friend. The 
Men's and Women's Christian Association, the W. C. T. U., the 
young people's societies of the different churches, the various 
branches of missionary work, have all helped to advance social 
intercourse no less than to accomplish the legitimate object of 
their being. 

The \\'oman's Temperance League, formed about 1898, was, 
while it lasted a strong factor in binding together those who were 
associated in trying to do very necessary work under very uncom- 
fortable conditions. While it was the direct object of the league 
to conduct an aggressive campaign against liquor selling the 
women who composed it believed that the most permanent result 
of any attempt at moral regeneration is that which comes through 
social influence and social contact and the receptions and other 
functions given under their auspices made their faith manifest 
in their works. 

The social life of the Waterville of to-day may perhaps be best 
classified under three or four general heads : 

That which centres around the church and the various organ- 
izations growing out of church work. 

That which has its origin in the secret orders, some of which 
have separate branches for women. 



328 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

The social features resulting from the interests and activities 
of the various clubs. 

The purely society functions, balls, assemblies, wliist parties, 
afternoon teas, etc. 

The secret orders have a chapter of their own in this volume 
and need not be dwelt upon here, further than to say that their 
multiplicity and activity have made them prominent factors in 
modem social intercourse. 

No club numbering both sexes has ever arisen in Waterville 
to take the place of the old Shakesperean and Roundabout Clubs ; 
in fact, the club epidemic in any form has never been able to 
obtain a very extensive hold in our city. 

The Canibas Club, the only men's club which has maintained 
continuous form here during any extended term of years, was 
founded in 1888. This club, which has numbered among its 
members many of the well-known business and professional men 
of the place, has pleasant headquarters on Main street in a suite 
of rooms conveniently fitted up for its use. It is a purely social 
organization, but with the exception of one of two receptions 
given during the early years of its existence has never con- 
tributed largely to the general social life of the city. 

The Waterville Bicycle Club also occupies rooms on Main 
street and furnishes a rallying point where wheelmen cohgregate. 
The Colby Club, recently founded by the resident graduates of 
Colby College, held its first public meeting at the Elmwood hotel 
on the evening of February 14, 1902. This club, which is still 
in its infancy, was founded to promote good fellowship among 
the resident alumni and advance the interests of the college. 

In 1887 through the inspiration of Mrs. Sarah Ware, who was 
in the best sense one of the representative women of Waterville, 
the Woman's Association was formed, in which women of all 
denominations united for the furtherance of all kinds of women's 
work. Besides its general usefulness in many directions this 
association has proved a common ground where women may 
work — and enjoy — together, independent of society distinctions 
or church affiliations. In the winter of 1891-2 the Woman's 
Literary Club was founded as one of the branches of the asso- 
ciation. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 329 

This club, a large one from the start, (hiring the past winter, 
1901-2, numbered 214 members. It has maintained regular 
meetings fortnightly during the winter season since its organi- 
zation, offering at each meeting a carefully prepared literary and 
musical programme. A committee is appointed to lay out each 
season's work. 

Many interesting papers have been prepared and read by mem- 
bers of the club, the musical numbers have been uniformly excel- 
lent, and the large average membership and attendance testify 
to the success of its management. As the club has as yet no 
home of its own independent of the rooms of the Woman's Asso- 
ciation, its meetings have sometimes been held at private houses, 
sometimes at church vestries or at the Classical Institute. The 
annual reception given by its members to invited friends of both 
sexes, which has in the past proved a most enjoyable society 
event, this year gave place to a banquet at the Elmwood hotel 
for women alone. One hundred and sixty women who partici- 
pated in the banquet and listened to the subsequent exercises are 
prepared to testify that women on that occasion won laurels as 
after dinner speakers. 

Among smaller Waterville clubs, past and present, may be 
mentioned the Saturday Club, a club both literary and social in 
its character, which after several years of existence has for the 
present, at least, discontinued its meetings ; the Literature Class, 
which numbers about a dozen members, and has for the past 
three years held weekly meetings during the winter months ; the 
F. H. Club, organized in 1894 for work and play, a club which 
though limited in its membership is much given to hospitality 
and has at different times entertained many invited guests ; the 
Happy Seven, a society comprising seven young ladies strongly 
bound together by ties of friendship and association. This 
society, which has existed for some years, has been prominent 
in benevolent work as well as in social events. When, a short 
time since, the little circle was for the first time broken by the 
death of Mrs. Alice Barrelle Hall the sympathy of the whole 
community went out to the mourning friends. 

Of the numerous whist clubs which have existed in Waterville 
the Salmagundi has been the most prominent and most perma- 



330 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

nent in its organization. It numbers among its members women 
well known in society and in addition to its social features has 
contributed generously towards the purchase of books for the 
public library. 

The Silence Howard Hayden Chapter of the Daughters of the 
Revolution has also played its part in the social life of Waterville. 

In spite of all the branches of social activity which have been 
enumerated as entering into the life of our city, it is undoubtedly 
true that Waterville has never fully lived up to its social capac- 
ities. Yet even while we criticise, we love the city of our resi- 
dence, the Waterville that is growing up around us. It is a city 
of wide streets and spreading trees, of comfortable homes 
wherein home-loving people live. We find strong social ties 
here, warm friendships, generous sympathy in times of need, and 
though we may and do in our complaining moods assert that 
Waterville "has no general society," we look back lovingly on 
many and many a "good time" within her borders. May the 
next century of her growth find her still going on from grace to 
glory ! 



CHAPTER XIV. 



WATER\ILLE AGRICULTURALLY CONSIDERED. 
By E. P. Mayo, Editor of Turf, Farm and Home. 

The present citv of Waterville agriculturally considered is one 
of the most charming, picturesque, interesting not to say profit- 
able of all the most favored and far famed "garden spots" in 
New England. The present area of the city as has doubtless 
been told already in this volume, was formerly a part of the town 
of Winslow, and the present thrifty town of Oakland was set off 
from Waterville proper and given the name of West Waterville 
February 26, 1873, hence if in this chapter on the agriculture of 
Waterville we over-reach the present bounds of the municipality, 
it will be in order to include the old town as it was originally 
bounded. We find in the early history of the town after it was 
set off from Winslow that the Kennebec river was the eastern 
boundary, Somerset county its northern, Richmond lake, McGrath 
and East pond its western boundry. The western area of the 
town has now been narrowed up to the present Oakland line. 

A wide diversity of soils is found in this town so that almost 
every crop that can be successfully cultivated in this latitude has 
been and is to-day grown successfully within our limits. On 
the river below the city the soil is light and sandy, while on the 
"neck" so called, it is underlaid by a slaty ledge which lies very 
near the surface and often crops out. On the Messalonskee the 
soil is clayey, but all is strong and productive, and yields the best 
of crops. 

Waterville was fortunate from an agricultural point of view in 
having among its early settlers a goodly number of men of means 



332 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

who were agriculturally inclined. As a result of this good mate- 
rial there was a desire manifested very early in the life of the 
struggling young town to have an agricultural society organized, 
and this agitation resulted in the North Kennebec Agricultural 
Society, which was incorporated by the Maine legislature July 
31, 1847, and its first exhibition was held in Water ville in Octo- 
ber of that year. The annual address, which in those days was 
a very important part of an agricultural exhibition was delivered 
by Dr. E. Holmes of Winthrop. The original limit to this 
society included the towns of Fairfield and Smithfield in Somer- 
set county, Waterville, Belgrade, Winslow, Clinton, Sebasticook 
now Benton, China and Albion in Kennebec and Unity and 
Burnham m the county of Waldo, trom the records of the 
society from its inception, now before me. kindly loaned by Mr. 
Geo. Balentine, I find that the officers chosen at the organization 
of the society were as follows, Sanmel Taylor, Jr., president ; 
Ebenezer H. Scribner and Thomas Fowler, vice-presidents ; 
Harrison A. Smith, secretary ; Joseph Percival, treasurer and 
collector ; Stephen Stark, agent ; William Dyer, librarian ; Sam- 
uel Taylor, Jr., Asher Hinds, Sumner Percival, John F. Hunne- 
well and Reuben H. Green, trustees. A glance through the subse- 
quent elections shows that the society kept up its prestige for 
selecting men of ability and influence as its officials. We would 
like if space would permit to give the entire list of officers, but 
must be content with simply naming a few of the number who 
held the office of president of the society. After Samuel Taylor, 
Jr., the first president, came Sumner Percival, E. H. Scribner, 
Robert Ayer, Thomas S. Loring, Isaac W. Britton, Col. Isaiah 
Marston, Daniel Jones, B. C. Paine, Joseph Percival, and many 
others of equal calibre. 

One of the first acts of the society, even before it had a home 
was to raise $75 for the purchase of standard agricultural works 
for a library. This indeed was starting an agricultural society 
on a firm enduring foundation, and the vote and the class of 
gentlemen who were invited to give the annual addresses gives 
us a good insight into the makeup of the men who formed this 
organization. In 1850 we find by the records that the society 
voted to send a petition to the legislature for a State Board of 
Agriculture, showing that at that early day even, they realized 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 333 

the need of a state organization around which they could build 
their local society. One of the votes recorded a half a century 
ago also gives a hint of the old time urbanity that prevailed in 
those days, also the appreciation of the power of the press in the 
efforts of this organization. Here is the vote : "Voted to 
instruct the secretary to furnish the proceedings of this meeting 
to the public press." 

One of the strange things about the records of this society, 
wonderfully well preserved as they are, is that great pains was 
taken to record the list of premiums offered with the committees 
of awards, but no record was kept of who won the prizes. This 
omission will readily be seen as a serious defect as the historian 
of to-day is unable to pick out the names of the successful exhib- 
itors, as he might have done had the list of the winners been 
recorded. But one vote recorded is worthy of more than a pass- 
ing notice, and that is where the trustees vote that unless an 
animal exhibited possesses superior merit no awards shall be 
made to such animal, but if the owner desires, a statement shall 
be made and published that such an animal was the best one 
shown at the exhibition. Let the average agricultural fair man- 
ager think for a moment what the commotion would be if such 
a rule should be enforced by one of our Maine societies to-day, 
and yet who shall say that it would not have a salutary effect on 
exhibits as well as exhibitors. 

If space would permit, we could fill the entire limits of this 
book with interesting data taken from the records of this society. 
One item that catches our eye is a vote of thanks passed at a meet- 
ing of the trustees October 4, 1859, to Col. Thomas S. Lang for 
his liberality in always giving to the society all purses won by his 
horses, and as the record adds, "He ever strove to win all the 
prizes that he could in order that the society might be the more 
benefited thereby." 

In January, 1854, it was voted to appoint a committee to ascer- 
tain what grounds could be secured for a track, and upon a 
favorable report the grounds located in the southern part of the 
city were purchased and a fine half mile track constructed 
thereon. Later this track was leased to the Waterville Horse 
Association for their annual exhibition. The original lease of 
this property is pasted in the records before us, and is well 



334 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

worthy a word of attention. We think only one of the men 
whose names are upon it is alive to-day. It bears the signatures 
of Ira R. Doolittle, J. A. Judkins, Gideon Wells, T. S. Lang, 
J. L. Seavey, Foster S. Palmer, Asher Savage and Ruel Howard, 
and is dated August 22, 1863. We think Mr. Savage is the only 
survivor of this list of notable men of their day. This horse 
association was short lived and only lasted a few years, just how 
many it is difficult to ascertain as we have been unable to find 
any records of the society whatsoever. 

The North Kennebec Agricultural Society survived the drain 
upon it made during the ^\'a^ of the Rebellion and gave success- 
ful exhibitions each year until the early '8o's, when owing to the 
multiplication of societies in the nearby towns included in its 
original territory, the interest began to decline, until finally the 
annual fairs were given up and the track leased to private parties 
and the property was finally sold for the enlargement of our 
present beautiful cemetery. 

Hon. Timothy Boutelle, and Mr. Joseph Percival should prob- 
ably be mentioned first among those who had to do with the 
beginning of stock husbandry in Waterville. Col. Reuben H. 
Green of Winslow, who was in his day one of the best known 
breeders in the State commenced breeding Durham stock, and to 
him undoubtedly the early farmers of the town are indebted for 
the introduction of the best Durham blood brought to Maine. 
Mr. Percival and his brother were the first to introduce Devons 
into Kennebec county. The Jerseys, now so popular among us 
were first introduced by Dr. N. R. Boutelle, Levi Dow, W. A. P. 
Dillingham, Henry Taylor and Samuel Kimball. Hon. Timothy 
Boutelle and John D. Lang of Vassalboro introduced the first 
Ayrshire stock. From these beginnings many of our farmers of 
moderate means were able to obtain valuable specimens of their 
several breeds, and the success of agricultural operations in this 
vicinity are largely due to them. In addition to bringing their 
Durhams to Waterville Col. Green was one of the first to bring 
the Bakewell breed into this State. The full blooded Merinoes 
that have been the means of making so many good dollars for 
breeders in Waterville and elsewhere were first introduced by 
Dr. N. R. Boutelle, E. Maxham and other enterprising farmers 
in the nearby towns. Joseph Percival of this town and Warren 



HISTORY OF WATERVn.LE. 335 

Percival of \'assaIboro, were the first to breed Cotswold sheep 
with any degree of success. We have present with us in this 
community to-day in the person of Mr. Geo. E. Shores, now in 
his 91st year, one of the men who has ever been in the front rank 
of agricultural effort in this section. Mr. Shores was born on 
his father's farm in the western part of this town, the father 
having moved here from Berwick just a hundred years ago. 
The mother of the subject of this sketch rode on horseback from 
the river to their farm, following the spotted line. Mr. George 
Shores was born in 1812, and came of good hardy stock. His 
mother lived to the age of seventy-five years, and his father died 
at the age of eighty-two. In 1867 Mr. Shores left his farm, 
which he had developed into one of the best in town and came 
out to the village as it was then called to live. He purchased a 
large tract of land running from College avenue to Main street 
covering what has long been known as Oak hill. This farm of 
160 acres has been cut up into building lots and but little of the 
original purchase is left. Mr. Shores has always lived a very 
active life and has seen the town grow from a straggling village 
with a few poorly cultivated farms scattered here and there to a 
thriving city with all the modern improvements surrounded with 
the best and the most highly cultivated farms. He is to-day the 
connecting link between the old Waterville and the new. He 
was years ago associated with the late Hall C. Burleigh, then of 
Fairfield in the cattle business. They went to Compton, Canada, 
and purchased a number of valuable Hereford cattle for breed- 
ing. They were the first of the breed in this section and natur- 
ally attracted no little attention. This stock then purchased has 
been the foundation stock for a majority of the Herefords since 
bred in this section. Mr. Shores was a large exhibitor at all 
the fairs and at one time sold a pair of white faced yearlings for 
the astonishing sum of $300. He also purchased the stallion 
Somerset Knox and after keeping him a short time, sold him to 
New York parties for the fabulous price in those days of $2,700. 
Mr. Shores is enjoying unusually good health and his family 
hope to have him with them for a number of years yet to come. 
He enjoyed the centennial celebration with keen zest and rode 
the entire route of the procession without any signs of fatigue. 



336 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

Waterville has for more than a century been prominent as a 
centre for the breeding and ownership of vahiable horses and it 
seems ver>- appropriate that she should have within her Hmits 
to day among the many valuable horses bom and bred on her soil 
one whose name is known not only through the length and 
breadth of this country but even across the sea, and it seems most 
appropriate and fitting that the portrait of such an animal should 
adorn this book. It will easily be guessed that the horse referred 
to is the veteran Nelson 2.09 now in his 20th year. 

Nelson, 2.09, is registered No. 4,209. He was sired by Young 
Rolfe, 2.2i34> he by Tom Rolfe, 2.33J/. The dam of Nelson 
was Gretchen, by Gideon 145. He was bred and is now owned 
by Mr. C. H. Nelson of this city, who has trained and developed 
him, and driven him in all his great races. He was a great colt 
and attracted much attention even as a two-year-old, when he 
won the two-year-old stake race for Maine colts at the Maine 
State Fair, Lewiston. As a three-year-old he won the Maine 
State Fair cup for fastest three-year-old, also the cup for fastest 
stallion of any age, taking a record of 2.26% — the fastest half 
mile track record to that date and for several years afterward. 
As a five-year-old he won the New England stake for five-year- 
olds. When seven years old he lowered his record to 2.145^. 
In 1890 he was worked at Franklin Park, Massachusetts, and 
shipped to Bangor in August, where he started to lower the half 
mile track record, which he did, trotting in 2.I5J4- From Ban- 
gor he started on a long journey to Fort Wayne, Indiana, and 
from there to Kankakee, 111., where he trotted a full mile in 2.12, 
which at that time was the world's stallion record. Two days 
later he lowered the record to 2.113^, and two days later than 
that at Rushville, Tnd., he circled the oval track at that place in 
2.11^4- One week later at Terre Haute, Ind., he cut the record 
down to 2.IIJ4, and twelve days later at Cambridge City, Ind., 
he again lowered it to 2.ioj4, after which he was shipped to 
Maine, when with one week's rest he was shipped back to 
Chicago, where he was the idol of the great horse show, after 
which he returned to his home at Sunnyside Farm for the winter. 
In 1 89 1 he again went west, where he was greeted on every side 
with the utmost enthusiasm, wherever he appeared. The floral 
tributes bestowed upon him were most profuse and elegant, and 



HISTORY OF WATERVtLLE. 337 

such as a prima donna might well be proud of. He commenced 
his tour, which was nothing short of a triumphal procession at 
Saginaw, Mich., and continued at Detroit, Grand Rapids, Free- 
port, Elgin, Rockport, Independence, Iowa, Richmond and Cam- 
bridge City, Ind. At Grand Rapids he lowered the record to 
2.10, and again returned to Maine to spend the winter. In 1892 
he was driven many exhibition miles on New England tracks, 
and at Trenton, N. J., lowered the half mile track record to 
2.11^. In 1893 he made his present record of 2.09 at Rigby 
park, Portland, since which time he has trotted exhibition miles 
before large concourses of people on different tracks in Maine, 
New Hampshire, Vermont, and at St. John, N. B. To-day he 
holds the world's stallion record to high wheels over oval track 
and has probably trotted more fast miles than any horse in the 
world. 

Nearly a century ago another Waterville horse made fame and 
fortune for Waterville in the historic old town of Charleston, 
Mass. The late Hall C. Burleigh used to delight to tell the story 
of O. B. Palmer, a relative of his, who seeing a purse of $1,000 
posted for any horse that could trot a mile in three minutes 
started for Boston with the chestnut gelding that they called 
Zuarrow. He made the mile in 2.57 an unprecedented record 
for that day, and received his purse besides several wagers that 
he had made on the result, having full faith in the capacity of his 
horse to accomplish the feat. He afterwards sold the animal 
and the name was changed to Boston Blue, and as such the 
Waterville horse won great renown. The grounds of the North 
Kennebec Agricultural Society in the zenith of their days were 
the scene of many a spirited contest between horses of note. 
Although Col. Lang did not reside within our town, he was 
located so near that Waterville got the benefit of his ownership 
of the great Gen. Knox as well as Gideon and others of his most 
celebrated steeds. It was at this track in October, 1867, that 
Gilbreth Knox, then owned by J. H. Gilbreth of Fairfield, trotted 
a half mile in the remarkable time of one minute and fifteen 
seconds, but probably the most remarkable race ever trotted over 
the Waterville track was the contest between Gen. Knox and 
Hiram Drew, a horse no less celebrated in his day. This event 



338 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

occurred October 22, 1863, and although it came when the excite- 
ment over the war was at its height a very large concourse of 
people from all parts of the State gathered to witness the contest, 
which is recalled even to this day by the oldest lovers of racing 
as one of the great events of their lives. Both horses had a 
great many friends everyone present being a partizan and the 
contest waged hotly until the last deciding heat had been trotted 
when Knox was declared victor. 

In the above we have written wholly of the past, but there is a 
present and a future for Waterville agriculture, and perhaps there 
has been no time in the last century when so much thought and 
intelligent calculation was given to agricultural operations as at 
the present time. We have not space to go into details as to who is 
doing the work of to-day, but should not be doing our subject 
justice did we not mention the fact that at Sunnyside Farm, the 
home of the great Nelson, there is to-day one of the largest 
breeding establishments to be found in northern New England, 
and one cannot travel far enough east or west, north or south to 
get beyond the reputation that the good horses at this farm are 
making not only for our town, but for our State as well. Pass- 
ing a little way farther up the street toward Oakland, we come 
to the farm of Mr. R. H. Union, who is largely engaged in breed- 
ing Jersey cattle and Ohio Improved Chester swine. Mr. Union 
has a very large patronage for his products in the city, and is 
doing a very prosperous business. 

At Mountain Farm Mr. G. F. Terry is breeding Jerseys and 
Chester White swine, also cultivating a very large growing 
orchard, with the best of results. 

We might mention a long list of others who are doing good 
work and keeping up the reputation of our town as one of much 
importance agriculturally considered. 

The records of the town show that in 1850 Waterville included 
what was afterwards set off as West Waterville, had a popula- 
tion of 3,964, in i860 it had increased to 4,392, with 870 polls, 
while the real estate was valued at $1,348,330. To-day Water- 
ville has a population of 10,332, and the assessors report the val- 
uation of 1902 as follows: Polls, 2,618; real estate, $4,274,325; 
personal property, $934,838, or a total of $5,219,163. 



CHAPTER XV. 



THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF 
WATERVILLE. 

By Reuben Wesley Dunn, A. M.. President of the Somerset 
Railroad, and Treasurer of the Dunn Edge Tool Company. 

Waterville seemed destined by her situation to become a manu- 
facturing center. On the east flows the Kennebec, the outlet of 
the largest lake in Maine, as well as of numerous smaller bodies 
of water. A fall of nearly forty feet between the principal power 
at Fairfield and the bay, as it is called, has been estimated as 
capable of developing 8,000 h. p. In the west part of the town 
is found the Messalonskee, the outlet of the lake of the same 
tiame into which are discharged the waters of East, North, 
AIcGrath, Ellis, Great, and Long ponds or lakes lying partly in 
Smithfield, Belgrade, and Oakland. This stream flows northerly 
about four miles with a fall in that distance of about 150 feet 
of which about too feet are in the village of Oakland and within 
less than a mile from the outlet. Turning to the east and then 
to the south it empties into the Kennebec about two miles below 
Ticonic Falls. As it passes through Waterville it makes a 
further fall of about 100 feet. The flow of water in this stream 
is far more constant than in the Kennebec. It has been esti- 
mated that by controlling the dams at the foot of the several 
lakes and carefully storing the water when abundant and letting 
it down in the dry season, the power on the Messalonskee would 
be about 25 h. p. for each foot of fall. 

Note. The -writer of this chapter is indebted to the History of Kennebec County 
published in ISWby H. W. Blake & Co. oJ Sew York, for much valuable informa- 
tion. 



340 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

There were no railroads one hundred years ago, and naviga- 
tion on the Kennebec, open but about two-thirds of the year, was 
limited to boats of small capacity. Hence but little attention was 
paid to manufactures till after the problem of transportation had 
been solved. Local demand for bread stuffs and lumber called 
for the erection of grist mills and saw mills which naturally were 
the first manufactories in \^'aterville. The power on the Messa- 
lonskee was the first to be utilized. About twenty-five years 
before Waterville's separation from Winslow, Dr. McKechnie 
constructed a dam and built and operated a mill for grinding 
grain and sawing lumber at what is now known as Crommett's 
Mills. The site is now occupied by the pumping station of the 
Maine Water Company. A few years later, but also some years 
before the close of the i8th century, Asa Emerson, whose name 
has ever since been associated with the stream, built a dam and 
a sav^f mill on the site below the foot of Silver street recently 
occupied by the Webber & Philbrick Foundry and Machine 
Shop. About the same time, or perhaps a little later, Silas and 
Abijah Wing built a dam on the last privilege on the Messa- 
lonskee or Emerson stream, some distance below the present plant 
of the Union Gas and Electric Company. Here they erected and 
for some years operated a saw mill and a grist mill. In about 
1810 Samuel and Joseph Hitchings purchased this property and 
later Samuel Hitchings added another building for the manu- 
facture of wool carding machines, and for turning bed posts. 
Not long after, on this same dam, Deacon Daniel Wells built a 
carding and clothing mill for which Samuel Hitchings made the 
machinery. All the buildings and machinery on this dam, except 
the carding mill, were swept away by the great freshet of 1832. 
A grist mill at West Waterville was carried away at the same 
time. This is the only time that high water has ever done any 
considerable damage on this stream. 

While these developments were in progress near the mouth of 
the stream, Jonathan Coombs had built a dam at the outlet, and 
sometime before 1800 was sawing logs and grinding grain for 
the settlers in the west part of the town.* The Coombs mill has 

• In writing of the manufftcturlng establlsliments In Waterville, we have In 
eluded the Industrial enterprises o( West Waterville, now Oakland, since that 
town was a part of Waterville until 1873. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 34t 

been worn out and replaced, destroyed and re-built, and changed 
owners several times, but the grist mill still exists and continues 
to do business at the same old stand. The saw mill, as well as 
the carding and fulling mill on the same dam, also built by Mr. 
Coombs, gave place some fifty years later to the Ellis Saw Com- 
pany, and fifteen years after to the Hubbard & Blake Scythe 
and Axe Factory. 

Very early in the 19th century, Leonard Cornforth settled in 
West Waterville, now Oakland, and built a dam, a stone grist 
mill, a saw mill, and a carding and clothing mill on the site now 
occupied by the scythe finishing shop and axe shop of the Dunn 
Edge Tool Company. Bed posts and wagon hubs were turned 
by Clark Stanley in the basement of this saw mill in 1834. A 
bark mill and a tannery owned by Nahum Warren was operated 
on this dam in the early part of the century. In this bark mill 
Holbrook and Richardson placed axe machinery and were the 
first to make axes on the Messalonskee. Just before the middle 
of the century, Passmore, Young & Taft purchased the bark mill, 
axe factory and fulling mill, and in 1849 began the making of 
scythes. This property passed through several hands and 
numerous changes, till with the saw mill and grist mill it was 
purchased by Reuben B. Dunn and in due time became the prop- 
erty of the Dunn Edge Tool Company. 

About 1830, or a little earlier, James Crommett built a saw 
mill, grist mill, carding and clothing mill on the east side of the 
stream at Crommett's Mills. These mills were operated with 
various changes, by the Crommetts, B. P. Manley, James S. 
Craig, Greenlief L. Hill, Mr. Allen, Fred Bailey, Jeremiah Fur- 
bish, W. S. B. Runnels, Bangs Bros., Mr. Dane, Hayden & 
Robinson, A. G. Bowie, Fuller & Haynes, and others. From 
1872 to 1878 Mr. Furbish did a large business here in manufact- 
uring doors, sash and blinds. On the same side of the stream 
and a short distance below, Winslow Marston made friction 
matches from 1858 to about 1890. Those who were connected 
with the fire department during those years will remember how 
frequently they were called upon to extinguish the fires caused 
by Winslow's matches. 

About the same time that James Crommett was building the 
mills which gave his name to that locality, James Stackpole, 



342 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Erastus O. and Sumner Wheeler were building and operating a 
saw mill on the west end of the same dam on or near the site of 
the first, or Dr. McKechnie mills. More than forty years later 
(1873) Henry R. Butterfield purchased this privilege and half 
of the next dam below. Here for some years he made shovel 
handles. He also erected, in 1875, a building which was occu- 
pied for a few years by W. H. Dow & Company in the manu- 
facture of furniture. In 1880 the Fiber Ware Company pur- 
chased this shop and made fiber ware tubs, pails, wash basins, 
etc., till their works were burned in 1884. 

Probably few of the present citizens of Waterville are aware 
that a cotton mill was built in this town forty years before the 
Lockwood Company was heard of. It was about 1830 that 
Windsor & Barrett erected a factory for the manufacture of 
cotton goods on the privilege next below the James Crommett 
mills and on the same side of the stream. But it was opened and 
operated as a carpet factory. A Mr. Gilroy was the manager, 
and in this mill were made genuine \ViItshire goods of such 
excellent quality that it is said that his customers did not live 
long enough to wear them out. Fine all linen table cloths were 
also woven in this factory, which are well remembered by some 
who are still living in Waterville and vicinity. 

Mr. Gilroy was followed by Israel Johnson who converted the 
factory into a shop for the manufacture of woolen mill machin- 
ery. In 1836 Wm. Pearson and Sons bought the property, 
added more buildings and established a large tannery. Some 
years later they sold out to the Plaisteds of Gardiner who con- 
ducted the business on a large scale. From 1854 till 1865 the 
tanner)' was shut down, when H. S. Ricker and Son i)urchased 
and refitted it. It has been run with more or less regularity by 
Mr. Ricker until recently. This privilege, in connection with 
that formerly occupied by Winslow Marston's match factory, has 
been purchased by Frank Chase who is building a dam and a 
woolen mill. 

THK WATERVILLE IRON WORKS. 

In 1833 Joseph P. Fairbanks, of the family who built the 
famous Fairbanks scales, came here from St. Johnsbury, Vt., 
and with Arba Nelson built a dam and foundry on the former 
site of the Asa Emerson saw mill below the foot of Silver street. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 343 

Fairbanks, Nelson and Company (the "Co." were two others of 
the Fairbanks family) operated here for a few years when they 
were succeeded by the Waterville Iron Manufacturing Company. 
John Webber and Fred P. Haviland were stockholders and 
directors in this company, and in 1843 purchased the whole prop- 
erty. The business was largely increased and conducted by them 
and their sons after them for many years. From 1873 to 1882 
the proprietors were Frank B. Webber, Chas. T. Haviland, and 
Frank B. Philbrick. Mr. Haviland then retired, and Messrs. 
Webber and Philbrick have since been the sole owners of the 
business. They were burned out in August, 1895. The follow- 
ing year they removed to their present location on the bank of 
the Kennebec river about one-eighth of a mile north of Temple 
street. Here they erected new shops, much larger and more con- 
venient than those which had been destroyed, and fitted with all 
the modem machinery and appliances adapted to the business. 
They now employ about thirty men and their annual pay-roll 
amounts to about seventeen thousand dollars. They derive the 
power for running their machinery from a twenty horse power 
electric motor, and the electricity is supplied by the Waterville 
and Fairfield Light and Power Company. Under the name of 
the Waterville Iron Works they carry on a general foundry and 
machinery business, but much of their work is in making pulp 
mill machinery. 

The next enterprise to be established on the Messalonskee, was 
a tannery built by Alfred Winslow in 1836 on the Coombs dam 
at West Waterville. The product of this tannery for several 
years was manufactured into boots by Mr. Winslow and Wm. 
Jordan, who gave employment to twenty-five men. This prop- 
erty after passing through several hands was purchased in 1887 
by the Dustin and Hubbard Manufacturing Company. This 
company was succeeded in 1892 by the Oakland Machine Com- 
pany. Ten years later the Oakland Woolen Company was 
organized and at the present time is erecting a woolen mill on 
this site, which the machine company has vacated for that 
purpose. 

In 1849 Joseph Bachelder who had been making chairs for 
several years in a wooden building just north of the present site 
of the Flood block on Maine street in Waterville, removed to 



344 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

West Waterville. He located his factory on the west end of the 
Coombs dam where the manufacture of chairs and settees has 
been conducted by him and his sons to the present time. 

In 1850, or soon after, another dam was built on this stream. 
This was on the privilege just below the Emerson bridge and 
only a few rods above the Webber and Haviland foundry. 
Erastus O. Wheeler was the proprietor, and on this dam Samuel 
Appleton, Zebulon Sanger, and John Ransted built a paper mill 
and made newspaper stock. They were succeeded by the War- 
rens and the Monroes of Boston, who made paper from cedar 
bark. The mill finally burned and the wooden shank factory of 
Roberts and Marston occupied the site from 1873 to 1879 when 
the business was removed to North Anson where white birch 
wood was more abundant. This privilege with the others below it 
was afterwards purchased by the Union Gas and Electric Com- 
pany who in 1899 erected a dam nearly forty feet in height and 
built a plant for the development of electricity. This is now 
operated in connection with the system of the Waterville and 
Fairfield Railway and Light Company furnishing light and 
power to their patrons in Waterville and Winslow. 

It was also in 1850 that a dam was built one-quarter of a mile 
below the Coombs dam in West Waterville, by Daniel B. Lord. 
Lord and Graves manufactured axes and hoes on this dam* for 
several years. After passing through several hands the shops 
and east end of the dam were bought in 1865 by John U. Hub- 
bard and Wm. P. Blake. Here the Hubbard and Blake Manu- 
facturing Company made scythes and axes till they sold out to 
the American Axe and Tool Company in 1889. The latter com- 
pany continued to make scythes here until 1901. This privilege, 
also the easterly end of the Coombs dam. has recently become 
the property of the Waterville and Fairfield Railway and Light 
Company. 

Among the most important industrial establishments on the 
Messalonskee. have been the \\'est Waterville scythe and axe 
factories. The first scythe factory was built in 1836 by Learned 
and Hale on the present site of the Cascade Woolen Alill. This 
firm was succeeded by S. and E. Hale, by Hale and Stevens, and 
by Dunn and Jordan. In 1854 Burgess and Atwood built a 
scythe shop at the head of the Cascade fall, which was afterwards 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 345 

owned and operated by Mathews and Hubbard. In 1857 Reuben 
B. Dunn organized the Dunn Edge Tool Company which pur- 
chased these two plants. A few years later the old shops were 
removed and new ones erected on the first two dams north of the 
road leading from Oakland to Waterville. The present scythe 
plant of the Dunn Edge Tool Company is said to be the best and 
most conveniently arranged in America. The annual capacity 
is fifteen thousand dozen. Their axe shop is not excelled in 
convenience or efficiency by any of its size. The annual capacity 
is six thousand dozen. The annual pay-roll of this company is 
something over thirty thousand dollars. Their goods are sold 
in all parts of the United States and Canada. The present offi- 
cers of the company are Willard M. Dunn, president; Reuben 
W. Dunn, treasurer and manager ; Wm. M. Ayer, superintendent. 

The Emerson and Stevens Manufacturing Company com- 
menced business manufacturing scythes and axes a little over 
thirty years ago. Their works are on the west end of the dam 
opposite the Hubbard & Blake shops. They have a capacity of 
about three thousand dozen scythes and two thousand dozen 
axes, annuallv, and are still in operation. Next above the 
Emerson and Stevens Company's works, and taking power from 
the same dam, is the foundry and machine shop of Geo. F. Allen. 
The business was first established in 1862 by Albion P. Benja- 
min, with whom Mr. Allen was for many years associated under 
the name of Benjamin & Allen. The manufacture of threshing 
machines at one time formed an important part of their work. 

In 1883 the Cascade Woolen Mill was incorporated with a cap- 
ital stock of $125,000. A ten set woolen mill was built on the 
Dunn Edge Tool Company's lower dam, and has been in success- 
ful operation ever since. Thomas P. Curtis of Boston, is treas- 
urer and manager, and Geo. H. Winnegar is superintendent. 
One hundred and ten hands are employed and the annual product 
amounts to about $250,000. 

The development of the power on the Kennebec dates from 
1792 when Nehemiah Getchell and Asa Redington moved here 
from Vassalboro. They built a dam at Ticonic Falls from the 
west shore to Rock Island and erected the first saw mill. A little 
later additional mills were built by Mr. Redington and James 
Stackpole, and by Nehemiah and William Getchell sons of 



346 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Nehemiah Getchell named above. Two of William's sons, Wil- 
liam and Walter, were associated many years in the firm of 
W. & W. Getchell. They operated the Getchell saw mill, built 
by their father and uncle, from 1830 to 1849 when it was 
destroyed by fire. They at once re-built and ten years later were 
bumed out again. The fires of 184Q and 1859 are noted as the 
most disastrous which ever visited Waterville. In each case 
nearly the entire manufacturing property on the river at this 
point was destroyed, together with dwelling and other property. 

But the Getchells again rebuilt and continued the manufacture 
of lumber till 1867 when they sold out to the Ticonic Water 
Power and Manufacturing Company who in turn sold to General 
Franklin Smith. Mr. Smith removed the old mill and erected a 
larger and more modern one in its place, together with a house 
framing establishment. This was operated by the firm of Smith 
& IMeader till 1880 when it was removed to make room for the 
second Lockwood mill. 

Other saw mill owners and manufacturers of lumber on 
Ticonic Falls during the first half of the 19th century were John, 
Samuel and William Kendall, Isaac Farrar, Zebulou Sanger and 
his sons William, Samuel and Silas, Asa Redington son of the 
Asa Redington named above, Dunlap, Hobson, John P. Sheldon, 
Samuel Doolittle, David Page, Josiah ]\Iorrill, Colonel Scribner, 
Colonel Symouds. William and Daniel Moor, French Brothers, 
and Jacob and William Wing. The latter made sash and blinds 
in a brick mill which occupied a part of the site of the Lockwood 
Company's mill No. i. They were succeeded by Furbish & 
Drummond, afterward Dnmimond &' Richardson. 

In 1816 Wm. Pearson came here from Exeter, N. H., and built 
a tannery on the Kennebec near the site now occupied by the 
boiler house of the Lockwood Alills. He continued the business 
here for twenty years, tanning sole leather. In 1836 he removed 
to a location on the Messalonskee at Crommett's Mills, noted on 
a previous page. 

Very early in the century Moses Dalton built a grist mill and 
carding mill near the site now occupied by A. F. Merrill's mill. 
Some thirty years later Samuel Redington renewed the Dalton 
mill or built another on the same site. This was later operated 
successively by Pelatiah and William Penney, Gideon Wing, 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 347 

Horace Tozier and Col. I. S. Bangs. The latter was burned out 
in 1883, but re-built and sold to A. F. Merrill. \V. S. B. Run- 
nells succeeded Air. Merrill and was himself succeeded by Mr. 
Merrill and Llewellyn Morrill. The latter has since retired and 
Mr. Merrill continues alone in the business. 

About sixty years ago William and Daniel Moor erected on 
the dam at Ticonic Falls a large mill four stories in height. 
Here they manufactured lumber, made shovels and ground plas- 
ter and feed. In the great fire of 1849 this building was 
destroyed. Another similar building was erected by the Messrs. 
Moor, on the same site, only to be burned in the second conflag- 
ration of 1859. 

THE I-OCKWOOD CO.MPANY. 

For more than fifty years little attention was paid to manu- 
facturing outside of lumber. Logs were plenty and cheap and 
lumber found a ready market. But after a time conditions 
changed and it became evident that Waterville must make use of 
her magnificent water power in some other lines. In 1865 a plan 
was formed for organizing a company to buy up and control all 
the power on the river at Waterville and Winslow. If this 
could be done it was hoped that some larger manufacturing 
plants might be induced to locate here. In other cities in the 
State large cotton mills were in operation, and why should not 
Waterville become a spindle city ? 

The shore and water rights on both sides of the river were 
owned by different individuals, widely scattered. To reach those 
living in or near Waterville and Winslow was not very difficult. 
But to find all of the owners and secure a clear title to the prop- 
erty at a fair price, involved much labor and was attended with 
many difficulties. This work was undertaken by George Alfred 
Phillips, who had long been a prominent citizen of Waterville. 
To his tireless energy and perseverance in the face of many dis- 
couragements the credit is due for uniting under one control all 
the water rights and sufficient land adjacent to the river on both 
sides to render large developments possible. 

On February 7, 1866, a corporation was chartered by act of 
the Maine Legislature, known as the Ticonic Water Power and 
Manufacturing Company. On February 24th, of the same year, 
the incorporators met at the office of Solyman Heath and organ- 



348 HISTORY Of WATERVILLE. 

ized by choice of Solyman Heath, George A. PhilHps, James P. 
Blunt, James Drummond, and John P. Richardson as directors ; 
Everett R. Drummond, clerk, and Geo. A. Phillips, treasurer. 

When the books were opened for subscription to the capital 
stock, some subscribed generously with evident faith that the 
investment would prove profitable ; others took a few shares each, 
to help along the enterprise. In iS68 and '6q a dam was built 
entirely across the river, with bulk heads, head gates and race- 
ways, and some attempts made to utilize the same. Power was 
rented to Dennis L. Milliken for a grist mill, and to Smith & 
Meader for their large saw mill and framing mill. 

The attention of those interested in cotton manufacture was 
called to this power and efiforts were made to secure the erection 
of factories here. Nothing was accomplished until 1873 when 
Reuben B. Dunn was induced to purchase the stock in the water 
power company, pay ofif its debts and further develop the prop- 
erty. Mr. Dunn had been prominently connected with manu- 
facturing industries in different parts of the State, principally in 
making scythes and axes at North Wayne and West Waterville, 
and in cotton manufacturing at Auburn, Maine. He had been 
identified with the Maine Central Railroad for many years as a 
director and president, but had recently disposed of his interests 
there and retired from the management. He was now more than 
seventy years of age, which is regarded by most men as the time 
to withdraw from the active conflicts of commercial life. But 
his energetic spirit would not allow him to rest. He entered 
upon this new project with the same courage and enthusiasm 
that he had displayed in his many previous business enterprises. 

In the summer of 1873 plans for a cotton mill of 33,000 
spindles were produced, made under the personal supervision of 
Amos D. Lockwood. Mr. Dunn and his two sons, Williard M. 
and Reuben W. then proceeded to make contracts and get ready 
to build the mill. The ground was cleared, excavations made 
and a portion of the foundation wall put in that season. The 
following winter was devoted largely by the Messrs. Dunn to 
interesting Mr. Lockwood and other manufacturers in the enter- 
prise financially. When the legislature again assembled, a com- 
pany was chartered under the name of the Lockwood Cotton 
Mills. This name was later changed to Lockwood Company. 



HISTORY 01' WATERVILLE. 349 

On February 21, 1874, tlie first meeting was held and the corpo- 
ration duly organized by choice of Reuben B. Dunn, Amos D. 
Lockwood, John W. Danielson, Geo. A. PhiUips, Willard M. 
Dunn, Reuben W. Dunn, and Josiah H. Drummond as directors ; 
Willard M. Dunn, clerk, and Amos D. Lockwood, treasurer. 
It was decided to raise $600,000 by sale of capital stock. Mr. 
Dunn subscribed for a large amount, as also did Mr. Lockwood 
and some of his friends. Rut it became necessary to secure 
subscriptions for about $400,000 from other sources. It was a 
time of business depression and capital was cautious, but the 
Dunns took hold of it with determination and it was finally 
accomplished. 

It was not until the spring of 1875 that the financial difficulties 
were overcome and the completion of the enterprise fully assured. 
On April 9th of that year, all the real estate and water rights of 
the Ticonic ^^'ater Power and Manufacturing Company, which 
had been conveyed the previous year to the Ticonic Company, 
were deeded by the latter company to the Lockwood Company. 
The consideration was $125,000 and payment was made in the 
stock of the Lockwood Company. The building contracts were 
assumed by the new organization and mill No. i made ready to 
receive the machiner}-. This was put in and set up during the 
last half of 1875. In February, 1876, the first cloth was woven. 
Thus VVaterville celebrated the Nation's centennial by the start- 
ing up of her first cotton mill. 

But the Lockwood Company did not stop here. As soon as it 
had been demonstrated that Lockwood cottons were destined to 
occupy a prominent place in the dry goods market the directors 
began to discuss the project of enlarging the plant. It was soon 
decided to erect mill No. 2, of 55,000 spindles. Plans for this 
large addition were also made by Mr. Lockwood and accepted by 
the directors. In the summer of 1880 the ground was cleared 
and excavations for foundations were begun. The following 
year the building was erected, machinery installed, and early in 
1882 the new mill was in operation. 

In the meantime the capital stock had been increased to 
$1,800,000. The new stock was disposed of without difficulty, 
much of it being taken by citizens of Waterville and other towns 
in Maine. From the first it has proved a good investment. 



350 HISTORY OK WATEKVil.LE. 

Semi-annual dividends of three per cent had been paid for four 
years, on the first issue, and with the exception of two brief 
periods of general business depression the entire capital, since 
1882, has yielded the same net percentage of profit each six 
months. 

Immediately following the death of Mr. Lockwood in 1882, 
John W. Danielson was chosen treasurer. Mr. Dunn, the presi- 
dent of the company, died in 1887 and was succeeded by James 
H. McMullan. These officers still continue. The directors are 
James H. McMnllan, Portland : John W. Danielson, Providence, 
R. I. ; Seth M. Milliken, New York ; Josiah B. Mayo, Foxcroft ; 
Willard M. Dunn, Waterville; Frank A. Wilson, Bangor, and 
J. DeForest Danielson, Providence, R. I. The latter is also 
assistant treasurer. Alpha M. Kennison is clerk ; Stephen I. 
Abbott, manufacturing agent, and Wm. H. K. Abbott, super- 
intendent. Deering, Milliken and Comjiany, New York, are 
selling agents. 

The number of employees is about 1,300 and the amount paid 
in wages, annually, is about S4 15.000. About 6,250,000 pounds 
of cotton are annually consumed in making nearly 20,000,000 
yards of cloth, varying in width from 36 to 108 inches. The 
total number of looms is 2,100. 



HATHAWAY SHIRT FACTORY. 

Among the most important of our minor industries is the 
Hathaway Shirt Factory. C. A. Leighton, proprietor. This 
was established in 1849 ^V Chas. F. Hathaway and was famil- 
iarly known as The Laundry. During the first twenty-five years 
the work was confined to the manufacture of gentlemen's fine 
shirts. The Hathaway shirts are widely known for their supe- 
rior quality. In 1874 the manufacture of ladies fine muslin 
underwear was added. In 1879 Clarence A. Leighton became 
associated with Mr. Hathaway and since the death of the latter 
in 1895, has been sole proprietor. One hundred and fifty to 
175 hands are employed and the annual pay-roll is about $60,000. 
One hundred sewing machines are kept in constant use. These 
are run by steam and electrical power, about 25 h. p. being 
required. The buildings, heated by steam and lighted by gas 




HON. REUBKN B. D1'NN. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 351 

and electricity, together witli the equipment are up to date in 
every particular. Mr. Frank W. Smith has been for many years 
the efficient superintendent. , 

THE NOYES STOVE COMPANY. 

The Noyes Stove Company's foundry, on Chaplin street, is 
another of our substantial industries. This occupies the site of 
the foundry established in 1867 by Asher P. Fletcher. After a 
few months Mr. Fletcher formed a co-partnership with Joseph 
Percival. They carried on the business till April, 1868, when 
Mr. Fletcher withdrew. Mr. Percival also retired soon after. 
His nephew, Mr. Geo. G. Percival, occupied the building two or 
three years as a chemical laboratory, and there made and put up 
extracts for the market. In 1872 the foundry was used by a 
company who made a patent kettle and other hollow ware. The 
enterprise was soon abandoned, and in 1873 John Goodell and 
Company came here from Bangor, purchased the plant and con- 
verted it into a cook stove foundry. In 1886 Noyes & Goddard 
purchased the entire interest of Goodell and Company. They 
conducted the business until April 15, 1902, when E. D. Noyes 
became the sole proprietor. In October, 1892, the works were 
destroyed by fire, but were at once rebuilt and in the January 
following were again in operation. A 10 h. p. gasoline engine 
furnishes the required power. Fifteen men are employed in the 
shops, and eight salesmen on the road. Twelve hundred cook 
stoves are made and sold every year. They are distributed by 
the salesmen all over northern New England. The amount paid 
in wages annually is about $16,000. 

CAR SHOPS OF THE MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD. 

Soon after the Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad was 
opened to Waterville, which was in December, 1849, the company 
established its repair shops here. They were located on the 
south side of Chaplin street near College street'. The machine 
shop and round house occupied one building, the blacksmith shop 
another, while the third was used by the wood working and paint- 
ing departments. After consolidation with the Penobscot and 
Kennebec, under the name of Maine Central, and the natural 
increase of business which followed, additional buildings were 
erected on both sides of Chaplin street. In 1870 the Maine Cen- 



352 HISTORY OF U'ATERVILLE. 

tral leased the Portland and Kennebec, and later absorbed other 
roads, all of which make up the present Maine Central system. 
For some vears the consolidated company continued to do its 
repair work in the several places where it had shops, but finally 
decided to abandon all these and erect a new plant in some place 
where, so far as practicable, all the work should be done. 
Among other cities to contend for the location were Portland 
and Waterville. At one time Portland seemed to have been 
selected. Land was purchased for the purpose and the public 
were informed that the new shops were to be located there. But 
Waterville did not give it up. A delegation of her citizens was 
sent to interview the president and directors, liberal terms were 
offered, and generous treatment assured. 

Waterville was finally selected and in 1886 work of construc- 
tion of the new shops began. The following year they were 
completed and were pronounced to be the most perfect in design, 
and convenient in arrangement, of any similar plant in the 
United States. They are built of brick, a portion being two 
stories in height, and cover nearly four acres of ground. They 
furnish employment to 250 men, most of whom are skilled 
mechanics, who receive annually about $168,000 in wages. One 
hundred and fifty h. p is required to run the machinery. This 
is generated by two boilers of 260 h. p. one engine of 150 h. p., 
and one air compressor of 80 h. p. The shops are lighted by 
electricity. The work is not confined to repairs alone, but new 
cars both passenger and freight are built here. 

THE RIVERVIEW WORSTED MILLS. 

In 1899 the Riverview Worsted Mills corporation was organ- 
ized in Waterville, with F. C. Thayer, president ; Thomas Samp- 
son, treasurer; C. F. Johnson, clerk. The capital stock is 
$50,000. The mill was erected at once, on land purchased of the 
Lock wood Company near the bank of the Kennebec river, a few 
rods north of Temple street. Manufacturing began in February, 
1900. The product consists of fine fancy worsteds for men's 
wear, woven on eighty looms of the latest and most approved 
pattern. The employees soon will number about 300, and the 
annual pay-roll be increased to $150,000 anually. Electric power 
is furnished by the Union Gas and Electric Company. George 
W. Overend is the agent. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 353 

THE WHITTEMORE FURNITURH: C0MP;\NY. 

The presence of the Whittemore Furniture Company in 
Waterville is due chiefly to the efforts of Wm. T. Haines, and 
Frank Redington, members of the local board of trade. Mr. 
W. E. Whittemore had been making furniture in Foxcroft, and 
later in Fairfield. Fire destroyed his shop in Fairfield and he 
was not unwilling to locate here. Additional capital was needed, 
to provide which a corporation was organized in August, 1899, 
with a capital stock of $50,000. Mr. Haines was chosen clerk ; 
Frank Redington, F. C. Thayer, W. E. Whittemore, Geo. K. 
Boutelle, and H. R. Mitchell, directors ; Frank Redington, pres- 
ident ; F. C. Thayer, vice-president ; W. E. Whittemore, treas- 
urer and manager. Land was purchased on Sanger avenue, and 
a large wooden building with two stories and basement was 
erected. A year later another building was added. The busi- 
ness is manufacturing and selling to the trade throughout New 
England, all kinds of upholstered furniture and frames for the 
same. From twenty to twenty-five men are employed and the 
annual pay-roll is nearly $10,000. A 10 h. p. electric motor 
furnishes power, which is supplied by the Waterville and Fair- 
field Railway and Light Company. 

BRICK MAKING. 

Brick making has been a prominent industry in Waterville 
from the earliest history of the town to the present time. The 
inexhaustible supply of clay and sand lying in close proximity, 
as well as an abundance of water, relieves the situation of diffi- 
culties which have often been experienced elsewhere. In the 
early days bricks were made on the land west of Water street, 
just south of the Lockwood Company's tenement houses. B. F. 
Blanchard was one of those who occupied this yard. The prod- 
uct was disposed of in part at home and in part transported 
down the river by boat. 

For many years during the middle of the century, Geo. Went- 
worth made bricks on upper Main street, west side, just north of 
Hayden brook. About a dozen men and several horses were 
kept busy during the season, and the product found a ready sale 
in Waterville and other towns round about. Shipments by rail 
22, 



354 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

were made in considerable quantities. Stacy Wentworth, 
brother of George, also engaged in the same business prior to 
1850 on land a short distance southwest of his brother's yard. 
A short distance south and on land of Deacon Osborn, a pottery 
was operated for several years by a Mr. Bruce. Jugs, nappies 
and other earthern ware were made which were sold all over the 
surrounding country. 

When the first Lockwood mill was erected a large yard was 
opened just below Ticonic bridge, in Winslow, and the bricks for 
both No. I and No. 2 mills were made there. A smaller yard 
had previously been opened on land of the Ticonic Water Power 
and Manufacturing Company, now of the Lockwood Company 
in Winslow, by Wallace H. Carter. In 1876 Norton & Purinton 
purchased Mr. Carter's plant and enlarged the business. In 
1885 they opened a large yard on College avenue, near the Fair- 
field line. In 1S87 Mr. Norton retired and Horace Purinton 
and Company succeeded. In 1S03 the Winslow yard was given 
up and the business in the Waterville yard enlarged. About 
fifty men are employed here for twenty weeks in the year and 
receives in wages about $1,200 every week. Nearly 4,000,000 
bricks are made each year, a part of which are consumed at home 
and the balance shipped away. Electric power is used, about 
15 h. p. furnished by the Waterville and Fairfield Railway and 
Light Company. 

In 1892, '93 and '94, Proctor & Flood manufactured about 
750,000 bricks per year, on College avenue, just south of the 
Holland brook. In 1895 Mr. Proctor leased the Winslow yard, 
which H. Purinton and Company had formerly occupied. After 
a few years the corporation of Proctor and Bowie Company was 
formed and they are now making annually about 1,500,000 bricks 
in the Winslow yard. They also operate a steam wood-working 
mill for building supplies, such as mouldings, casings, flooring, 
stair work, etc. A 30 h. p. electric motor supplies the power. 
In mill and brick yard they employ about thirty-three men and 
pay them in wages about $25,000 annually. 

The wool pulling and sheep skin tanning business of A. P. 
Emery deserves mention among the minor industries of Water- 
ville. This was established by Alben Emery, father of the 
present proprietor, who came here from Fairfield. In about 1847 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 355 

the elder Mr. Emery purchased a building which stood upon the 
college campus and had been used as a workshop by the students, 
and moved it to the south side of North street, just west of Hay- 
den Brook. Here he began the business of pulling wool from 
sheep's pelts, and here it has been continued to the present time. 
From about i860 to 1892 the business of tanning the skins was 
also conducted. From 3,ocx) to 10,000 skins were handled annu- 
ally and from three to five men employed. 

About 1840, and for several years thereafter, B. F. Blanchard 
employed from twelve to fifteen men slaughtering cattle and 
dressing and shipping the meat. This went chiefly by boat to 
Boston. The tallow also was rendered and shipped to the same 
market. The establishment was located on the bank of the Ken- 
nebec a short distance below the bridge, and near the present site 
of the wheel-house of the Lockwood Company's No. i mill. 

The manufacture of carriages and sleighs was once carried 
on quite extensively in Waterville. Purmot Hill, whose des- 
cendants continue to reside among us, conducted such a business 
from 1820 to 1873, on the east side of Main street, nearly oppo- 
site the location of the central fire station. Some eight or ten 
men found constant employment in Mr. Hill's shop. 

About the same time Samuel Stilson was engaged in the same 
line of business on the north side of Temple street, about where 
Augustus Otten's bakery now stands. Excellent work was done 
in both these establishments and the product was readily disposed 
of at home and in neighboring towns. 

For ten or twelve years \\'aterville supported a manufactory 
where men's thick boots were made. Dunn & Harvey were the 
first proprietors, beginning work about 1849 or 1850. They car- 
ried on the business in a large wooden building on the present 
site of the Masonic Block, on the south side of Common street. 
They employed about twenty-five men in the shop and as many 
more outside. The senior partner, Wm. Ellery Dunn, died about 
1857 when T. C. Merritt and Company purchased the business. 
The latter firm continued till about i860 when the shop was 
closed. 



356 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 



THE HOLLINGSWORTH AND WHITNEY COMPANY. 

An important enterprise, established .inrl oprralcd entirely by 
a foreign corporation and located outside of Watcrville, yet con- 
tributes in so high a degree to the prosperity of our cily as to 
merit a place in this chapter. The Hollingsworth ano Whitney 
Company, operating large pulj) and paper mills in Gardiner, 
i\[ainc, decided about 1891 to enlarge their business by building 
additional mills in some other location. Their attention was 
turned toward Madison at first, and negotiations looking to Ihe 
purchase of the lower privileges on the Kennebec at that point, 
were begun. The owners were the Manufacturing Investment 
Company who had previously erected a large sulphite mill on the 
next power above. Failure to agree on some points affecting 
the purchase by one company of the product of the other com- 
pany's plant, brought negotiations to an end, and Winslow was 
suggested as a desirable location for the new mills. The Lock- 
wood Company's upper power was unoccupied, and the "Island" 
on the Winslow side of the river, opposite Colby College, was 
an excellent site on which to build. This entire property was 
soon purchased, and in 1892 the ground-wood mill and the paper 
mill were erected, and a dam and head gates built at the head 
of the island. About 450 men found employment here. Seven 
years later a sulphite mill was added, and the number of men 
employed has increased to 675, who receive in wages about 
$30,000 per month. In addition to the water power, both steam 
and electric power are used. The latter is supplied by the Union 
Gas and Electric Company. 



CHAPTER XVI. 



BANKING IN WATERVILLE. 
By Horatio D. Bates, Cashier Merchants National Bank. 

Since early in its history, Waterville has enjoyed ample bank- 
ing facilities. The old Waterville Bank founded in 1814 fur- 
nished all of the circulating medium then required and a surplus 
to loan in Boston. In 1831 the Ticonic was organized to suc- 
ceed the Waterville, occupying the field alone until 1850, when 
another bank called the Waterville Bank was started. The Peo- 
ples began business in 1855, and in 1876 the Merchants was 
added to the list, but the closing up about that time of the Water- 
ville National left the number of banks the same as before. The 
need of a depository for savings was met by the founding of the 
Waterville Savings Bank in 1869 and in 1887 The Waterville 
Loan and Building Association commenced business. In 1889 
the charter of the Waterville Trust Company was granted to 
W. T. Haines and his associates, but the company did not com- 
mence business until 1893. In the present year of Waterville's 
centennial we have four commercial banks, the Ticonic, Peoples, 
and Merchants National Banks, and the Waterville Trust Com- 
pany, having a combined capital of $500,000, surplus and undi- 
vided profits of $187,868, business deposits of $620,000 and loans 
including stocks and bonds of $1,600,000. There are three 
depositories of savings; The Waterville Savings Bank with 
deposits of $1,200,000, and the savings department of the Trust 
Company with deposits of $592,452, and the Loan and Building 
Association with capital dues of $85,608. 

There are no defalcations to record in Waterville's banking 
history, and the nearest approach to failure was the scaling down 



358 HISTORY OP VVATUKVILLE. 

of 12^ per cent, in the deposits of the Waterville Savings Bank 
and the passing of one dividend in 1876. With this exception 
our banks have weathered all the financial storms, have paid 
good dividends, and are to-day in exceptionally strong condition. 
Our city is the banking center for North Vassalboro, China, 
Albion, Corinna, Hartland, Newport, Burnham and Clinton, and 
has a share of the business of Dexter and Fairfield. Banking 
conditions at present are very favorable. Although rates for 
money are not as high as in past years, the volume of deposits 
is larger than ever before, and the local demand for funds makes 
it unnecessary for the banks to buy notes of Boston brbkers, a 
class of paper in which there is a much greater chance of loss 
than in loans made to home borrowers. The banks at the present 
time are charging six per cent, on most loans, a five per cent, 
rate being made to large depositors or on loans of good size with 
choice collateral. The Savings Bank and the Trust Company, 
on its time deposits, are paying depositors three and one-half 
per cent, and the Savings Bank charges six per cent, on its real 
estate loans. The national banks are holding a minimum of two 
per cent, bonds as security for circulation, all having sold their 
twos down to this limit within a year, tempted by the high prices. 
The growth of the banking business since the industrial awaken- 
ing of the town is shown by the increase in deposits and loans 
since 1876, in which year the four national banks reported 
deposits of $126,000, and loans of $524,000, against business 
deposits at the present time in the three national banks and the 
Trust Company of $620,000, and loans of $1,600,000. The 
increase of savings deposits in the same time has been from 
$400,000 in the Savings Bank to $1,792,452 in this bank and the 
savmgs department of the Trust Company, and $85,608 capital 
dues in the Loan and Building Association. 

There have been several attempted robberies of Waterville 
banks. The Ticonic, when located in the little building south 
of Ticonic Row, was twice entered, but the vault withstcwd the 
efforts of the burglars. Before the days of time locks an attempt 
was made to enter the house of Mr. Homer Percival, then cashier 
of the Peoples Bank, then living in the house on the corner of 
Spring and Elm streets, now occupied by Dr. C. W. Abbott. It 
happened that there was sickness in the house that night and the 



HISTORY OF WATfiRVlLLE. 359 

robbers were frightened away by the hghts and the people mov- 
ing about. It was thought that the intention was to force Mr. 
Perciva! to go to the bank and open the safe. 

An attempt to rob the Waterville National Bank was made on 
the night of November 22, 1876, the bank at that time being 
located in the second story of a wooden building at the south 
corner of Main and Silver streets, where the Milliken Block now 
stands. A circumstance favorable to the attempt was that a 
lecture was given in town hall that night by Theodore Tilton. 
The four men concerned in the affair got permission to leave 
their team at Luke Brown's on the corner of Pleasant and Mill 
streets, saying they were going to the lecture, and their presence 
on the street excited less suspicion than it otherwise would. 
Augustus Wood, the night watchman was approached by these 
men about twenty minutes of eleven and before he could make 
an outcry was gagged and thrown down, after being put upon 
his feet and led blind-folded to a shed in the rear of the Catholic 
church. Here his gag was removed, his keys taken and he was 
obliged to answer all the inquiries put to him as to his beat, etc. 
The gag was then put in his mouth and he was securely bound 
with window cord. Two of the gang then went to the bank and 
were climbing up to reach a rear window when George H. Vigue, 
a private watchman, came toward the bank looking for Wood, 
whom he had been in the habit of meeting at stated times while 
on his beat. L. D. Carver, now State Librarian, had an office 
on the same floor as the bank and slept in a room in the rear. He 
was awakened by the robbers and heard one say, "There's that 
cussed private watchman, let's go and do for him." Mr. Carver 
took his revolver and without waiting to dress, rushed down the 
stairs. Before he had reached the sidewalk the men had seized 
Vigue, one striking him a heavy blow on the head. He suc- 
ceeded in breaking away from them however, and to use his own 
expression, "hollered like a loon." The men ran down Silver 
street, their flight hastened by two shots from Vigue's revolver. 
They went to the place where the other men were and then all 
escaped in the team which had been left at Mr. Brown's. 
Vigue's outcry brought a number of people from the Williams 
house, and before long a general alarm was rung. When it was 
learned that the robbers had escaped, a search was made for 



360 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

Wood, who was found by J. Fred Hill where the robbers had 
left him. The next morning Levi Dow and Fred Hill followed 
the track of the team as far as Augusta, the traces and the testi- 
mony of the people along the road showing that the ride was a 
fast and furious one. Though this happened nearly twenty-six 
years ago, Dr. Hill well remembers the remark of Dr. Hanson 
when Constable Dow came to the Institute for him the next 
morning: "Well, Mr. Hill, if you think you had rather be a 
detective than a scholar you may go, and your education is 
entirely sufficient for the business." No arrests were ever made 
in connection with this affair which was the talk of the town for 
a long time. 

THE OLD \V.\TERV1IJ.K B.\NK. 

The banking history of Waterville dates from 1814. in which 
year the old Waterville Bank was organized and its charter granted 
by the legislature of Massachusetts. This was the first banking 
institution commencing business above Augusta on the Kennebec 
river and served besides Waterville, Skowhegan, Norridgewock 
and other up-river towns. At the first meeting of its directors, 
held at the dwelling-house of Nath'l Gilman, Esq., on the 21st 
day of March, 1814, Mr. Gilman was chosen president and 
served in this capacity for the nineteen years of the bank's exis- 
tence. A small, one-story, wooden building was erected for the 
use of the bank, its location being just south of Ticonic Row on 
lower Main street. The original bank building was occupied 
also by the Ticonic Bank, the successor of the Waterville until 
1865. This building afterward was moved to Ticonic street and 
was used as a dwelling-house until destroyed by fire. 

The first board of directors of the bank consisted of ]Mr. Gil- 
man, Asa Redington, Samuel Redington, Thomas Rice and 
Daniel Cook. Among others who later served as directors were 
Asa Redington, Jr., Lemuel Paine, Timothy Boutelle, Jonathan 
Farrar, Moses Appleton, Joseph Southwick, Calvin Selden, 
Thomas B. Coolidge, Samuel Weston, James Stackpole, and John 
Ware of Norridgewock, great uncle of John Ware of this city. 
Asa Redington, Jr., was first cashier. He was elected July i, 
1814 and served until September, 1818. The highest salary he 
received was $500. He was succeeded by his father, Asa Red- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 361 

ington, who served from September, 1818 to November, 1826. 
His salary was $500 until July, 1826, when on plea of the poor 
business done by the bank it was reduced to $250. When the 
senior Redington was chosen cashier in 1818 his place on the 
board of directors was taken by his son, they thus exchanging 
places. Asa Redington, senior, evidently did not care to serve 
at the small salary granted him in 1826, and upon his resigna- 
tion Alpheus Lyon was elected, November 2, 1826. Mr. Lyon's 
pay was $300 until November, 1829, when it was reduced to $200. 
Asa Redington was chosen, on Mr. Lyon's resignation, to his old 
place as cashier, January 18, 1830, and continued to July, 1832. 
Daniel Cook was the last to fill the office. He was elected, July 
I, 1832, and voted a stipend of $100 for undertaking to close the 
affairs of the bank. The profits of country banks in those days 
were from the loaning of their circulating notes, so the first busi- 
ness engaging the officers of the bank was the signing and issuing 
of its bills, and a good portion of the money seems to have found 
ready borrowers. The bills were signed by president and 
cashier and bore a blank space in which it was customary to write 
the name of some person as payee. For example, at one direc- 
tors' meeting it was voted "To fill up five hundred three dollar 
bills payable to D. Cook." So these notes were made payable 
to D. Cook or bearer and then loaned to any one whose note was 
discounted by the bank. The bills were redeemable in specie at 
the bank's counter and the constant problem was to keep them in 
circulation. At times loans were made of the banks circulation 
on ninety days with a charge for interest of only half that time, 
the object being to keep the bills away from the bank and its 
redemption obligations. 

The strength of banks issuing currency was not so carefully 
considered as in the laws made at a later period and it appears that 
quite an amount of the stock in this bank was issued upon credit. 
That is, the stockholder subscribed for his shares and gave his 
note in payment for part or whole of the stock, leaving it with the 
bank as collateral. The legislature of 18^3 passed a banking act 
in which this practice of loaning by banks on its own shares was 
prohibited. There is constant reference in the records of the 
• Waterville Bank to these loans on hypothecated shares and they 
appear to have been an annoying feature of the business. There 



362 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

was a constant endeavor to get them paid up or reduced by 
restricting the amount per share which should be loaned upon 
them. The Waterville Bank, however, was not a "wildcat" bank, 
and its bills seemed to have a good standing in their time, and 
provision was made for the outstanding remnant when the bank 
went out of business. The only statements of the bank's con- 
dition that have been preserved bear the dates 1814 and 181 5 and 
the one of latest date, February, 181 5, is given herewith. The 
capital of the bank appears to have been increased to $100,000 
subsequent to this report, the records showing a reduction from 
that amount later. 

ASSETS. 

Real estate $ 2.200 00 

Stamps 100 00 

Loans 55.15630 

Bills of other banks 1.514 00 

Treasury note i .000 00 

Specie with Prest 3.270 05 

Specie with Cashier 2.581 54 

$65,822 85 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital Stock $50,000 00 

Bills in circulation 11.425 00 

Profits 1,583 97 

Deposits, individual 1. 170 23 

Deposits, United States 1.318 65 

Deposits of assessors' money 68 00 

Deposits to Cr. of I. G. Neal 257 00 

$65,822 8s 

Interesting features of this statement are the small amount of 
deposits and the fact brought out that the president was custodian 
of part of the bank's funds. When specie was needed for busi- 
ness the directors passed a vote that a certain sum should be 
turned over by the president to the cashier, taking his receipt for 
the same. The president had a strong box in the bank in which 
he kept the money of which he had charge. It was the rule of 
the bank that every note, at least those taken of local borrowers, 
should bear not less than three names. The record of the seven- 
teen years of the bank's active existence, from 1814 to 1831 is 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 363 

told quite fully in the minutes of the directors' meetings (the 
stockholders' records not having been preserved) and is typical 
of the country bank of that period. It would appear that there 
was not sufficient local demand for the bank funds after the first 
wants of the community were supplied, and large sums were 
placed in the hands of agents in Boston, to be loaned by them. 
There is record of $80,000 being intrusted to Chas. Scudder, a 
Boston merchant who enjoyed at one time the confidence of the 
directors. Mr. Scudder evidently made some poor loans to 
others or to himself for in a settlement with the bank in 1821 he 
paid about $1,600 in cash on claims against him for over 
$20,000. The bank was also obliged to compromise a claim 
against Mr. Brooks, another Boston agent. The bank also had 
in Boston a correspondent bank where its circulation was 
redeemed and part of its funds lodged. 

When the Suffolk system, so-called, was inaugurated it was 
the endeavor of the Suffolk bank to make itself a general 
redemption agent for the country banks, and each bank was 
expected to keep a sum of money there, without interest, to 
redeem its bills when presented. The Waterville bank did not 
take kindly to this arrangement and refused to keep a redemption 
fund with the Suffolk. Mr. A. A. Plaisted relates that his 
grandfather, Moses Appleton, went to Boston at one time with a 
large sum in specie for the purpose of taking up a like amount 
in bank bills held by the Suffolk. This bank, to punish the 
Waterville institution for not coming into the new arrangement 
refused to take the money and sent a clerk down by stage to 
demand specie at the bank counter, Dr. Appleton returning in 
the same stage, bringing back the coin. The bills were redeemed 
and the specie took another trip to Boston. In these early days 
there were no express companies and money was sent to Boston 
or brought home by any trusty person who happened to be mak- 
ing the trip by stage or otherwise. This service appears usually 
to have been voluntary and unpaid but there is a vote recorded 
at one of the directors meetings "that the cashier pay to Mr. Jos. 
Mitchell the sum of one dollar and fifty cents in consideration of 
his care and prudent management in bringing specie from Boston 
in January last." The banks capital after being made $100,000 
was reduced in 1828 to $75,000 and to $50,000 in the following 



364 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

year. These reductions were evidently on account of the losses 
incurred in loaning the surplus funds of the bank. November 
15, 1830, the directors voted to call a meeting of the stockholders 
on the loth of December to see if they would vote for an exten- 
sion of the charter or apply for a new one. The vote was in the 
negative and some of the men associated with the old bank 
applied with others for a charter for a new bank, a successor of 
the old Waterville, to be called the Ticonic Bank, which charter 
was granted, being approved April i, 183 1. The Waterville 
Bank commenced to liquidate in September, 1831, dividing then 
among its shareholders 60% of its capital and in August, 1832, 
20% more was paid. At a directors meeting held July 8, 1832, 
at which meeting were present Asa Redington, Timothy Boutelle, 
Moses Appleton, Daniel Cook and James Stackpole, it was voted 
that the offer of the Ticonic Bank to settle the affairs of the 
Waterville Bank be accepted. The proposition was to take over 
from the old bank, notes and judgments owned by it and amount- 
ing to $7,368.55 and cash $2,845.89, amounting in all to $10,- 
214.44. In consideration therefor the new bank agreed to 
redeem within fourteen years the Waterville Bank's outstanding 
bills, amounting to $3,914, and to pay over in cash $8,700. This 
cash divided among the shareholders on a basis of $50,000 cap- 
ital made a final dividend of $17.40 per share, making the total 
liquidating payments $97.40 per share. During its seventeen 
years of active business the bank paid dividends averaging 5J^% 
and should go down into history as paying its debts, dollar for 
dollar and as having a fairly profitable career. 



TICONIC B.ANK. 

Ticonic Bank was organized to succeed the old Waterville 
Bank although the business of the latter was not closed up until 
1832. As will be seen by reference to the history of the older 
bank, the Ticonic took over the remaining assets of the Water- 
ville and agreed to redeem its circulation. The Ticonic charter 
bore date April i, 183 1, and was granted to Moses Appleton, 
Isaac Stevens, Asa Redington, Jr., Jediah Morrill, Abel Hoxie, 
Calvin Selden, Warren Preston, Isaac Farrar and their asso- 
ciates. The charter provided that the capital of the bank should 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 365 

be paid in gold and silver, so the institution started on a sounder 
basis than the old Waterville with its shares issued partly on 
credit. The law under which the bank was organized also placed 
a restriction upon circulation, limiting the same to 50% in addi- 
tion to thf amount of the capital stocks. The Ticonic therefore 
had authority after its capital ($50,000) was fully paid in, to 
issue bills to the amount of $75,000. The law also provided that 
banks should loan on paper bearing not less than two responsible 
names, that if after fifteen days of grace a bank failed to redeem 
its bills in gold or silver, the claim against it should bear interest 
imtil paid, at the rate of 24% per annum. Notes of the bank 
raised to a higher denomination were payable at the larger sum 
if presented by an innocent holder. The banking tax at this 
tiine was one per cent per year on the capital paid in. The first 
meeting of incorporation was held at the Waterville Bank Octo- 
ber 3, 1831, and at a meeting held January 2, 1832, a board of 
directors was chosen. The board consisted of Nath'l Oilman, 
Timothy Boutelle, Daniel Cook, Jediah Morrill and Alpheus 
Lyon. Nath'l Gilman was first choice for president but he 
declined to serve and Timothy Boutelle was elected. Daniel 
Cook was first cashier and the by-laws fixed his hours of service 
at 10 A. M. to T P. M., this arrangement being changed at a 
later date to something like the present arrangement, the hours 
of the national banks being 8.30 to 12 and i to 3. The first 
location of the bank was in the original building occupied since 
1814 by the Waterville Bank. In 1865 a small wooden building 
located where the present building stands was purchased of Mrs. 
Bradbury who had occupied it as a millinery shop, and the bank 
remained in these quarters until 1875 when the present banking 
house was erected. The first return to the secretary of State 
made in 1833 shows deposits of $2,563; due to Sufifolk Bank, 
$10,856, and loans of $93,332. In 1836 the capital of the bank 
was increased to $75,000. In 1846 a renewal of charter to 1857 
was granted and in 1852 the capital was increased to $100,000. 
A further increase to $125,000 was made in 1855. I" 1857 
another renewal of charter was granted. In 1859 capital was 
reduced to $100,000, $15,000 of the reduction charged to loss 
account and $10,000 being paid to stockholders, a stock dividend 
of $8 per share, leaving the 1,250 shares at a par value of $80 



366 UlriTOUV 01" WATUKVILt.r.. 

per share. December 27, 1864. the vote was passed to surren- 
der the charter granted by the State, and a national charter was 
then obtained. The records of directors subsequent to 1855 are 
inissing but the record of dividends paid up to that time shows a 
prosperous business. 

Presidents : Timothy Boutelle, 1832 to 1855 ; Jos. Eaton, 1855 
to 1865; Solyman Heath, 1865. Cashiers: Daniel Cook, 1832 
to 1834; Augustine Perkins, 1834 to 1849; Suinner Percival, 
1849 to 1853: Edw. G. Hoag, 1853 to 1858; Aaron Appleton 
Plaisted, 1858. Silas Redington also served as cashier for a 
short time in 1858, before Mr. Plaisted's appointment. Beside 
those on the first board the bank was served as directors by Asa 
Redington, Moses Appleton, Simeon Mathews, Sumner Percival, 
Elah Esty, Samuel Appleton, Edw^in Noyes, Samuel Doolittle, 
Edw. G. Meader and Chas. K. Mathews. 



TICOXIC NATIONAL BANK. 

The Ticonic changed to a national bank in 1865, its charter 
bearing date January 2 of that year. The first board of directors 
was Joseph Eaton of Winslow ; Solyman Heath, Samuel Doo- 
little, Edward G. Meader, Charles K. Mathews. Presidents: 
Jos. Eaton, 1865, January to September; Solyman Heath, 1865- 
1875; Samuel Appleton, 1875-1884; Nathaniel R. Boutelle, 1884- 
1891 ; Chas. K. Mathews, 1891-1899; Geo. K. Boutelle, 1899 — . 
A. A. Plaisted was cashier from 1865 to 1896 when Appleton H. 
Plaisted, his son, was chosen, June 29. A. H. Plaisted was suc- 
ceeded by Hascall S. Hall, the present cashier, who was elected 
January 8, 1901, having served as assistant from January 2, 1898. 
Willard H. Parsons, assistant, was appointed February 14, 1901. 
The present board of directors is Geo. K. Boutelle, president; 
Clarence A. Leighton, vice-president ; Joseph Eaton of Winslow, 
Charles Wentworth and William T. Haines. Others who have 
served as directors are : Dudley W. Moor. Henry R. Butter- 
field, Nathaniel Meader, J. H. Plaisted and H. L. Kelley. Mr. 
A. A. Plaisted served a remarkably long term as cashier of the 
Ticonic and Ticonic National, 1858 to 1896, a period of thirty- 
eight years. During nearly the whole of this time he performed 
all the duties of cashier without hcl]> and had no vacations. This 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLU. 367 

bank has paid in dividends since 1865, $286,000, to July i, 1902 
and its net earnings to July 16, 1902, have been $325,800. 

The Ticonic National is the historic and family bank of the 
city, having been organized as a State bank in 1 831 to succeed the 
old Waterville Bank founded in 1814, and members of the prom- 
inent old families in the past and at the present time being con- 
nected with its management. Geo. K. Boutelle, the president 
at this time is a son of Dr. N. R. Boutelle who iilled the same 
office from 1884 to 1891, and is a grandson of Timothy Boutelle 
who served as a director of the old Waterville Bank and was 
president of the Ticonic from 1832 to 1855. A. H. Plaisted and 
his father, A. A. Plaisted, are respectively great-grandson and 
grandson of Moses Appleton, a director of the old Waterville 
Bank, A. H. Plaisted's maternal grandfather, Solyman Heath, 
was president of the Ticonic in 1865. Jos. Eaton of the present 
board is a grandson of the Jos. Eaton who was president from 
1855 to 1865 and Asa Redington, connected with old Waterville 
Bank for many years as cashier or director, is the ancestor of 
all the Redingtons now living in this city. 

Hascall Shailer Hall, the present cashier, is son of Edw. W. 
Hall, librarian and registrar of Colby College. He was born in 
Waterville April 16, 1876, and received his education here, 
graduating from Colby in 1896, and was engaged in teaching 
before entering the bank. Mr. Hall is a member of the Masonic 
order but holds no public office. The average individual deposits 
of the Ticonic for the year ending with the date of the following 
report have been $79,584. 



368 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

REPORT OF THE CONDITION OF THE 

TICONIC NATIONAL BANK, 

at Waterville, in the State of Maine, at the close of business. July i6, ig02. 

RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts $181,744 93 

Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 215 79 

U. S. Bonds to secure circulation 25,000 00 

Stocks, Securities, etc 10,61 1 a 

Banking-house furniture, and fixtures 10,000 00 

Due from National Banks (not reserve agents; 1,500 00 

Due from approved reserve agents 29,053 09 

Checks and other cash items I-I53 02 

Notes of other National Banks 6,465 00 

Fractional paper currency, nickels, and cents 20 00 

Lawful Money Reserve in Bank, viz : 

Specie 10.097 59 

Legal-tender notes 4.100 00 

14.197 £9 
Redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer (5 per cent, of 

circulation,) 1.25000 

Total $281,21075 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock paid in $100,000 00 

Surplus fund 20.000 00 

Undivided profits, less expenses and taxes paid 19.799 74 

National Bank notes outstanding 25,000 00 

Due to other National Banks 492 79 

Due to Trust Companies and Savings Banks 18,836 27 

Dividends unpaid 477 00 

Individual deposits subject to check 93.365 45 

Cashier's checks outstanding 3.239 50 

Total $281,21075 

State of Maine, County of Kennebec, ss : 

I, Hascall S. Hall. Cashier of the above named bank, do solemnly 
swear that the above statement is true to the best of my knowledge and 
belief. 

HASCALL S. HALL. Cashier. 
Subscribed and sworn to before me this 23rd day of July, 1902. 

J. FOSTER PERCIVAL, Notary Public. 
Correct. — Attest : 

GEO. K. BOITTELLE, 
JOSEPH EATON. 
WILLIAM T. HAINES. 

Directors. 




XEHEMIAH GETCHELL, 2nd. 




EI.DRIDGE I.. GETCHELL, 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 369 



WATERVILLE BANK. WATERVILLE NATIONAL BANK. 

This bank was chartered as a State bank in 1850, commencing 
business with a capital of $25,000, all paid in coin. The first 
board of directors was Samuel P. Shaw, president ; Increase S. 
Johnson, James Stackpole, Jr., Stephen Stark, John R. Phil- 
brick, Wm. Moor, Ebenezer Frye, Thomas G. Kimball and 
Daniel H. Brown. Augustine Perkins was first cashier. The 
location of the bank when commencing business was over the 
Esty & Kimball store in Ticonic row. This was the store at the 
north end of the block and on the old stone door posts can still 
be seen the bank's sign painted on either side of the entrance. 
The bank in 1866 purchased the wooden building then standing 
on the south comer of Main and Silver streets, using an upstairs 
room for a banking office, and in 1877 erected the brick building 
which now stands on this lot and is called the Milliken block. 
The banking office was on the lower floor in the room now used 
as a fruit store by King & Paganucci. Mr. Shaw was succeeded 
as president, in 1856, by D. L. Milliken who held the office to the 
closing of the bank. Mr. Perkins resigned in 1861 and I. S. 
Bangs was chosen cashier, serving until 1862, when he resigned 
to enter the army. 

Mr. Perkins was again chosen but resigned in 1863 on account 
of ill health and Eldridge L. Getchell was elected and continued 
to the closing of the bank. The Waterville became a national 
bank in 1865 and its affairs were closed up in 1879-80. The 
capital of the bank at the time of winding up was $125,000 and 
the stockholders received the value of their stock in full and a 
stock dividend of 20%. This bank was well managed and paid 
good dividends. An item of interest in the director's records is 
the passing of a vote in March, 1851, thanking the directors of 
the Ticonic Bank for the courtesy and liberality extended by 
them and promising to reciprocate. The board of directors at 
time of the bank's closing was D. L. Milliken, James Stackpole, 
Francis Dow of Clinton, Thomas G. Kimball, E. F. Webb, Elias 
Milliken and 1. S. Bangs. 

24 



370 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 



TEOPI.E S BANK. 

The records of tliis bank not having been preserved its history 
will necessarily be short. It was organized in 1855 with Paul 
L. Chandler as president and Sumner Percival, cashier. John 
R. Philbrick was president at one time and Homer Percival, 
father of the present cashier of the People's National, succeeded 
his brother Sumner as cashier in 1859. John Ware was presi- 
dent in 1865 when the change to the national form was made. 



PEOPLES NATIONAL BANK. 

In 1864 there were three banks in Waterville, the Ticonic, 
successor of the old Waterville : a second Waterville P>ank dating 
from 1850, and People's Bank which commenced business in 
1855. These three banks voted to apply for charters under the 
national system and it was agreed in a spirit of fairness that the 
applications should all be sent in the same mail. The People's 
National certificate bears date March 15, 1865. At this time it 
was located in the second story of a wooden building standing 
on the site now occupied by a brick store belonging to Geo. K. 
Boutelle, the lower floor used by W. A. Hager as a confectionery 
and ice cream store. The bank afterwards moved to a wooden 
building where the Hanson, Webber & Dunham store is, and 
purchased in 1884 the brick building in which it is now located. 

The first board of directors after the change to the national 
form was John Webber, father of John N. Webber, vice-presi- 
dent at the present time ; Thomas W. Herrick, William Connor 
of Fairfield, James P. Blunt, William Dyer, Luke Brown. 2nd, 
and L. E. Thayer. The late F. P. Haviland was at one time a 
director. 

Presidents: John Webber, 1865-1882; N. G. H. Pulsifer, 
1882-1893; J. W. Philbrick, 1894-1900; E. G. Hodgdon of Clin- 
ton, 1900, — Cshiers: Homer Percival, 1865-1893 ; J.Foster 
Percival, 1893 — ; Ernest E. Decker, the present assistant, was 
appointed in May, 1896. The present board of directors is E. G. 
Hodgdon, president ; John N. Webber, vice-president ; Arthur 
J. Alden, Christian Knauff and Llewellyn Parks of Pittsfield. 
The vacancy on the board caused by the death of Jonas P. Gray, 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 371 

for many years a director has not been filled at the present writ- 
ing. The capital of the People's was $150,000 in 1865 and in 
1875 it was increased to $200,000. It has paid as a national bank 
to July I, 1902, dividends amounting to $592,653, and its net 
earnings to July 16 are $654,281. 

People's National Bank has lately installed the latest electric 
protective system, has improved and strengthened its vault, put- 
ting in a fine new door and vestibule and has added safety deposit 
boxes to its equipment. J. Foster Percival, the present cashier, 
was bom in Waterville in 1847 and received his education in the 
common schools and high school of the city. From 1864 to 1870 
he was with a Boston commission house and from 1870 to 1875 
in the elevator business in Duluth. In 1875 he returned to his 
native town and purchased the book business long carried on by 
Chas. K. Mathews in the store in the Phenix block now occupied 
by W. B. Blanchard. In 1883 he sold his book business and 
entered the bank as his father's assistant, serving in that capacity 
for ten years, when he was chosen cashier in 1893. ^^- Percival 
has been treasurer of St. Mark's (Episcopal) church since it was 
organized in 1876. He holds no other public office. 

The average individual deposits of the People's National the 
past year have been $146,584. 



372 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

REPORT OF THE CONDITION OF THE 

PEOPLE'S NATIONAL BANK, 
at Waterville, in the State of Maine, at the close of business, July i6, 1902. 

RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts $314,651 08 

Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 1746 54 

U. S. Bonds to secure circulation 50,000 00 

Stocks, securities, etc 32,390 00 

Banking-house, furniture and fixtures 16,150 00 

Due from National Banks (not Reserve Agents) 137 28 

Due from approved reserve agents 31.759 33 

Checks and other cash items 4>i40 55 

Notes of other National Banks 5,000 00 

Fractional paper currency, nickels & cents 8 22 

Lawful money reserve in Bank, viz : 

Specie 13,114 50 

Legal-tender notes 3,000 00 

16,114 50 
Redemption fund with U. S. Treasurer, (5 per cent, of 

circulation) 2,500 00 

Total $474,597 50 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock paid in $200,000 00 

Surplus fund 50,000 00 

Undivided profits, less expenses and ta.xes paid 11,628 41 

National Bank notes outstanding 50,000 00 

Due to Trust Companies and Savings Banks 1S,I33 74 

Dividends unpaid 3.458 95 

Individual deposits subject to check 129,718 73 

Demand Certificates of deposit 4.657 67 

Bills payable, including certificates of deposit for 

money borrowed 10.000 CO 

Total $474,597 50 

State of Maine, County of Kennebec, ss : 

I, J. F. Percival, Cashier of the above named Bank, do solemnly 
swear that the above statement is true to the best of my knowledge and 
belief. 

J. F. PERCIVAL, Cashier. 
Subscribed and sworn to before me this 21st day of July, 1902. 

HASCALL S. HALL, Notary Public. 
Correct — Attest: 

JOHN N. WEBBER, 

C. KNAUFF, 

E. G. HODGDON. 

Directors. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 373 



MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK. 

The Merchants National Bank was founded by John Ware in 
1875, its charter being dated October 23 of that year, and it was 
opened for business January i, 1876. The first board of direc- 
tors was made up of John Ware, Geo. C. Getchell, Chas M. 
Barrell, Colby C. Coniish of Winslow, Gideon Wells of Clinton, 
John C. Manson of Pittsfield and John Ware, Jr. John Ware 
was first president and Geo. H. Ware, his son, cashier. John 
Ware, Sr., died in 1877 and his son John Ware, succeeded him 
as president and holds the office at the present time. Geo. H. 
Ware resigned his office as cashier in 1879 on account of ill 
health and the present incumbent, Horatio D. Bates, was elected 
June I, 1879; Luke S. Spencer, assistant, entered the bank in 
1886. The present board of directors is composed of John Ware, 
president ; L. H. Soper, vice-president ; Geo. H. Ware, J. M. 
Winn of Clinton, Ira E. Getchell of Winslow, Fred Pooler and 
Chas. F. Johnson. Others who have served as directors are the 
late Geo. S. Flood, the late E. F. Webb and A. P. McMaster of 
Pittsfield. The bank has always occupied its present location, 
having bought the property of Chas. F. Barrell. The total divi- 
dends of this bank have been $160,500 to July i, 1902, and total 
net earnings to April 30, 1902, $205,520. The Merchants 
through its connection with Brown Brothers and Company, 
draws its own drafts on any foreign country. 

Mr. Bates the present cashier was born in Gardiner in 1849 
and received his education in the common schools and Westbrook 
Seminary. Before his appointment as cashier he was employed 
as bookkeeper in Shawmut and Waterville. Mr. Bates is treas- 
urer of the Waterville and Fairfield Railway and Light Com- 
pany, of the Waterville Loan and Building Association, the Free 
Library Association and has been auditor of the town and city 
since 1886 with the exception of the years 1894, 1895 and 1897. 
He is an Odd Fellow and is clerk of the Unitarian Society. 

The average individual deposits of the Merchants National 
for the past year have been $156,868 



374 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

REPORT OF THE CONDITION OF 

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK, 

at Watcrvillc in the State of Maine, at the close of business, July 16, 1902. 

RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts $179,280 53 

Overdrafts, secured and unsecured 719 7.5 

U. S. Bonds to secure circulation 25.000 00 

Stocks, .'securities, etc 74.673 35 

Banking-house, furniture and fixtures 9.000 00 

Dne from approved reserve agents 23,130 55 

internal Revenue Stamps 160 00 

Checks and other cash items 969 59 

Notes of other Nat'l Banks 8.541 00 

P'ractional paper currency, nickels and cts 128 88 

Lawful money reserve in bank, viz : 

Specie 15.350 50 

Legal-tender notes 3.909 00 

19.259 50 
Redemption Fund with U. S. Treasurer, (5 per cent, 

of circulation) 1.2.50 00 

Total $.342.11315 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock paid in $100,000 00 

Surplus Fund 30.000 CO 

LTndivided profits, less e.Kpenses and taxes paid 14.520 54 

National Bank Notes outstanding 25.000 00 

Due to Trust Companies and Savings Banks 6.000 00 

Dividends unpaid 162 00 

Individual deposits subject to check 164.1 10 88 

Demand certificates of deposit 1.937 00 

Cashier's checks outstanding 382 70 

Total $3.12.11315 

State of Maine, County of Kennebec, ss : 

I, H. D. Bates. Cashier of the above-named bank, do solemnly 
swear that the above statement is true to the best of my knowledge and 
belief, 

H, D, BATES. Cashier. 
Subscribed and sworn to before me this i.*<th day of July. 1902. 

HARVEY D. EATON, Notary Public. 
Correct — Attest : 

J. M. WINN, 
FRED POOLER, 
CHAS. F. JOHNSON, 

Directors. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 375 

WATERVILLE LOAN AND TRUST COMPANY. 

February 19, 1889, the legislature granted a charter for this 
institution to W. T. Haines, F. C. Thayer, Chas. G. Carleton 
and W. A. R. Boothby and their associates under the name of 
The Waterville Loan, Trust and Safe Deposit Company. This 
name was later changed to Waterville Trust and Safe Deposit 
Company and afterwards to its present title. Its charter pro- 
vided for the double liability of stockholders and the establishing 
of branches. The company fitted up offices, vaults, and installed 
safety deposit boxes in the Masonic block and commenced busi- 
ness February 20, 1893. Frederick C. Thayer served as tempo- 
rary president and Chas. G. Carleton as treasurer, during the 
organization period. Lsaac C. Libby was first president after the 
bank opened for business and R. E. Attwood, treasurer. The 
first board of directors was F. C. Thayer, C. G. Carleton, W. T. 
Haines, Geo. R. Swasey and E. A. Milliken. Mr. Libby died in 
1899 ^"d E. J. Lawrence of Fairfield, the present incumbent, 
was elected in March, igoo. R. E. Attwood was succeeded as 
treasurer in February. 1898, by Harry L. Holmes. R. E. Lin- 
coln was assistant until September, 1897, when he resigned and 
Chas. W. Vigue was appointed. The present board of directors 
is E. J. Lawrence, president ; Horace Purinton, vice-president ; 
F. C. Thayer, S. A. Nye of Fairfield, Cyrus W. Davis, C. W. 
Abbott and P. S. Heald. The first branch opened by the com- 
pany was in Newport April, 1893, and in April, 1898, branches 
were started in Dexter, Corinna and Hartland. These branches 
act as feeders to the main office at Waterville so that practically 
the banking business in these country towns is done in this city. 

Each branch, as well as the home office has a savings depart- 
ment and this has proved a great convenience in the places where 
the branches were established. The company does a general 
banking, trust and safe deposit business. It is trustee for the 
bonds of the following companies : Lewiston, Brunswick and 
Bath Street Railway ; Portsmouth, Kittery and York Street Rail- 
way ; Bangor, Orono and Old Town Street Railway ; Calais 
Street Railway ; Machias Water Company ; Newport Water 
Company ; Riverside Woolen Company of Pittsfield ; Gold King 
Consolidated Mines Company; Maine Condensed Milk Company. 



376 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

The institution is well managed, having an excellent growth and 
is paying at present 8% dividends. 

Harry Lewis Holmes, the present treasurer, is a resident of 
Fairfield. He graduated from Fairfield High School in 1885 
and from Dirigo Business College, Augusta, in 1886. He was 
bookkeeper for the Maine Manufacturing Company of Fairfield 
for about five years and served as bookkeeper and paymaster 
for about the same period with the lumber firm of G. A. and 
C. M. Phillips. He is a member of Siloam Lodge, F. & A. M., 
Fairfield, and of Merrymeeting Chapter, O. of E. S., in the same 
town. 

Statement Waterville Trust Company April 26, igo2: 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock $100,000 00 

Undivided profits 31,266 65 

Deposits, demand 226,188 2J 

Deposits, time 592,452 01 

Due other banks 1.645 .S3 

$951,552 46 

ASSETS. 

Loans and discounts $763.81 1 86 

Stocks and bonds 42,000 00 

Real estate 3.ooo 0° 

Fixtures and furniture 36.000 00 

Interest due not paid 812 50 

E.xpense Acct i .680 96 

Cash on deposit 73943 83 

Cash on hand 30..303 31 



951.552 4'J 



W.VrERVILLE LOAN AND BUILDING ASSOCIATION. 

This association, of a character which in Massachusetts are 
called co-operative banks, was organized in 1887, commencing 
business in April of that year. The first board of directors was 
I. S. Bangs, president; P. S. Heald, R. A. Call, Jesse Stinson, 
U. S. Smith, W. T. Haines, J. W. Harmon and the secretary 
and treasurer of the association. The first secretary was W. A. 
R. Boothby ; treasurer, H. D. Bates ; auditor, F. B. Hubbard, 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 377 

and counsel W. T. Haines. Martin F. Bartlett, tlie present 
treasnrer, succeeded W". A. R. Boothby who resigned in 1896, 
and P. S. Heald was chosen president in place of I. S. Bangs 
in 1895. 

The present board of directors is P. S. Heald, W. T. Haines, 
George L. Learned, F. D. Lunt, Geo. W. Dorr, W. A. R. 
Boothby, H. D. Bates, A. W. Flood, M. F. Bartlett. Officers : 
P. S. Heald, president ; M. F. Bartlett, secretary ; H. D. Bates, 
treasurer; W. T. Haines, counsel and M. E. Adams, auditor. 
The association has filled an important place in the community 
in affording a safe and quite profitable investment for monthly 
savings and in aiding the building of homes. The system under 
which these associations are managed enables them to loan on 
a less margin of security than that required by savings banks 
and this feature has been a stimulus to building where they are 
located. This association has loaned on first mortgage of real 
estate about $210,000, furnishing funds for the erection of over 
seventy houses, mostly of moderate cost. It has had careful 
management and its losses have been small. 

The association from 1888 to 1900 paid six per cent per annum 
to its shareholders. Since that time the rate has been five per 
cent, the change being made necessary by the lowering of rates 
for loans and by the abolishing of the premium of twenty-five 
cents per share. The rate now for loans is six per cent, the in- 
terest and an installment of the loan being payable monthly. 
Holders of shares pay monthly, and this monthly compounding 
of interest and installments of principal enables the association to 
pav fair dividends to its shareholders. 

The Fifteenth Annual Statement, May 24, igo2. 

.\SSfTS. 

Cash $66r 82 

Share loans 986 00 

Real estate loans 89,446 82 

Temporary expense 40 50 

Real estate account 3,000 00 

Uncollected interest 1,387 42 



378 HISTOKY OK WATERVILLE. 

LIABILITIES. 

Guaranty $360 5° 

Profit and loss 3.' >8 77 

Capital dues 85.608 04 

House account 34 40 

Bills payable 6,200 85 

$95,522 56 

M. F. B.\RTLETT, Secretary. 

May 24. 1902. 
I hereby certify that I have examined the accounts of the Waterville 
Loan & Building Association to date, and find the same correct. 

M. E. Ad.\ms, Auditor. 

WATERVILLE SAVINGS BANK. 

(Written by E. T. Wyman.) 

The Waterville Saving.s bank was chartered in 1869 with the 
following charter members of the corporation : L. E. Thayer, 
J. F. Elden, Reuben Foster, T. W. Herrick, William Tobey, John 
Webber, H. A. Mar.'iton, J. P. Caffrey, Chas. A. Henrickson, 
B. A. Robie, G. L. Robinson, Luke Brown, W. L. Leslie, Wil- 
liam Dyer, E. E. Getchell, G. B. Broad, Ira H. Lowe, S. C. 
Marston, N. G. H. Pulsifer, James P. Blunt, E. F. Webb, G. A. 
Phillips, D. R. Wing, Homer Percival, Noah Boothby and C. F. 
Hathaway. 

The charter was accepted and the organization was partially 
completed March 23, 1869. March 29, a set of by-laws was 
adopted and on May 4 the organization was completed and a 
board of trustees was elected composed of William Dyer, C. F. 
Hathaway, Moses Lyford, Ira H. Lowe and N. G. H. Pulsifer. 
Homer Percival was elected treasurer and clerk, and William 
Dyer, president. May 10 the bank w'as located in the rooms 
occupied by the People's National Bank, the use of which was to 
be had for one year free of charge. The amount of the treas- 
urer's bond was fixed at $10,000 and his salary at $600. May, 
31, less than a month after the bank opened, ten loans amounting 
to about $9,000 were approved. The first depositor in the new 
bank was John A. Vigue, one of its present board of frustees. 
The first loan was made to Joseph H. Lunt. The bank was 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 379 

examined for the first time in November and the trustees certified 
to the report that there were on deposit $67,773.02, and that 
profits of $566.20 were on hand. 

In less than a year the Hst of depositors numbered 791 and 
the deposits amounted to $186,492.91. Homer Percival con- 
tinued to be secretary and treasurer until May 9, 1871, when his 
son, Marshall C. Percival, who had been from the beginning 
acting treasurer, was chosen treasurer, and held the office until 
May 25, 1874, when he resigned. In May of 1872 a dividend 
at the rate of seven per cent was declared. At this May meeting 
Reuben Foster was elected president and was re-elected every 
year until his death in 1898. Upon Mr. Percival's resignation 
as treasurer, Everett R. Drummond, the present treasurer, was 
chosen to succeed him. 

In 1876 C. C. Cornish began a long term of service as one of 
the board of trustees. Moses Lyford, the last of the original 
board retired in 1886. In 1897, Albert F. Drummond, was 
chosen assistant treasurer. In 1898, George K. Boutelle was 
elected to the board to succeed Reuben Foster, deceased, George 
W. Reynolds was chosen president. In 1900 he was succeeded 
by Christian Knaufif, the present president. The only financial 
embarrassment the bank has known came in 1876 when, on 
account of the marked shrinkage of railroad bonds and real 
estate, the board of trustees thought best for the bank to suspend. 
The bank examiner, after making a valuation of its assets, con- 
sidered them worth about 873-^ per cent of the bank's liabilities. 
The trustees then arranged by an agreement with nearly all the 
depositors to scale down 123^2 per cent rather than put the bank 
into the hands of a receiver. After a suspension of about six 
months, it resumed business on a basis the solidity of which has 
never since been questioned. 

Present board of trustees : Christian Knautif, Josiah W. Eas- 
sett of Winslow, Geo. K. Boutelle, Dana P. Foster, Howard C. 
Morse, John A. Vigue, and S. T. Lawry of Fairfield. Officers : 
Christian Knaufif, president ; Everett R. Drummond, treasurer ; 
Albert F. Drummond, assistant treasurer. 



380 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Statement of the condition of the VVaterville Savings Bank, as it exis- 
ted on the 13th day of May, 1902. 

LIABILITIES. 

Deposits $1,186,826 49 

Reserve fund 51 ,320 00 

Undivided profits 12,008 16 



$1,250,154 65 



RESOURCES. 

Loans $541 ,342 00 

National bank stock, par 88,270 00 

Other bank stock par 4,050 00 

Railroad bonds 315,800 00 

RaiJroad stock 14,500 00 

Municipal and county bonds 144,500 00 

Corporation bonds 37.900 00 

United States bonds 17,000 00 

Premium account 9,000 00 

Real estate invested 21,600 00 

Real estate by foreclosure 26,244 5° 

Cash and deposited 29,948 15 



$1,250,154 6s 

The Bank Examiner makes the estimated market value of the above 
$1,320,549.70 or $125,873.21 above all liabilities. 



CHAPTER XVll. 



THE WATERVILLE WOMAN'S ASSOCIATION. 
By Mrs. James H. H.-vnson. 

The Waterville Woman's Association was formed in the year 
eighteen eighty-seven. Mrs. Sarah Scott Ware, widow of John 
Ware, Sr., a large-hearted woman of excellent judgment, benevo- 
lent purpose, and friendly interest in the working women of the 
town, with ample means, invited friends who were in sympathy 
with the movement, to meet at her house to form an association 
whose object should be, as expressed in the following words of 
the revised constitution : "To provide and maintain a homelike 
and attractive room, furnished with facilities for literary and 
womanly culture and usefulness, which shall be free to all 
women young and old. 

"A special attraction to this room shall be a library enlarged 
and replenished from time to time as funds may warrant. Books 
may be taken from this library for home reading, on payment 
of one dollar yearly or one cent a day." 

After varying experiences, some discouragement, but no fail- 
ure, a free reading room, well warmed, well lighted, bright and 
cheery was opened a portion of each week day and on Sunday 
afternoon from three to five. Mrs. Ware was the first president 
and became responsible for the rent the first year. Mrs. Eliza- 
beth D. Bates was the second president and brought to the work 
the serenity of character, helpfulness and courage that were so 
much needed at the time. Mrs. L. T. Boothby was vice-presi- 
dent and from that time to the present has been an earnest, sym- 
pathetic, generous helper. 



382 HISTORY OV WATERVlLMv. 

Mrs. S. G. Crosby, secretary for several years, was actively 
engaged in the duties of her office, and afterward became a 
valuable contributor to the literary work of the club connected 
with the association. 

Miss Elizabeth S. Blaisdell. the first treasurer, was a constant, 
reliable worker, ever hopeful and helpful, and a faithful cus- 
todian of her trust. 

Miss L. E. McLain, the present librarian, has given her Sat- 
urday evenings to the library from its very sinall beginning to 
the present time with cheerful, untiring devotion. The money 
for the first book purchased for the library was given by Miss 
McLain. 

On the tables of the rooms are found the best magazines of 
the day and several daily and weekly newspapers. Encyclo- 
pedias and other valuable books of reference are conveniently 
placed for school girls and for others who often come to them 
to settle unanswered questions or to seek information not readily 
found elsewhere. 

Games are provided for those who do not care to read or study, 
and an easy-running sewing machine stands near a window 
where the girl from college, factory, school or place of employ- 
ment can stitch whenever she wishes to do so. For a time Mrs. 
Elizabeth B. Foster had an interesting Bible class one evening 
in the week and Mrs. Jessie Smith Hubbard gave valuable 
instruction in vocal culture on another evening. 

At first, four evenings a week were devoted to classes for 
study. For several years, on Sunday afternoon, the hour from 
four to five was occupied by a meeting which opened with a brief 
service of song, then a Scripture lesson and prayer, followed by 
a talk given by some member of the association or an invited 
guest who gave a review of some instructive book, a personal 
experience, a biographical sketch, or s])oke upon a topic of 
immediate and general interest. 

From one of these services came the impulse to establish a 
sewing school on The Plains. 

To the young girl coming here in search of work — an entire 
stranger — new to everything, and through loneliness liable to 
fall into temptations abounding in a city, the association offers 
a pleasant place presided over, for the last seven years by Miss 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 383 

Frances F. Dunbar, who has never failed to extend a hearty 
welcome and a hopeful word to each and all who need sympathy 
and genuine kindness. 

After a few years the sewing and evening classes became so 
large that it was found necessary to add to the accommodations. 
A large front room was rented in eighteen ninety-nine. 

Additional expenses were incurred and though generous gifts 
were received from interested, sympathizing citizens who are* 
not included in the membership, the question of financial support 
became increasingly difficult. Much money has been raised 
from entertainments and from lectures and readings, by members 
of our college faculty and interested friends from other places. 
The Woman's Exchange is a source of income, and it gives to 
many the opportunity to make things and bring them to the 
rooms for sale. A small commission goes into the treasury of 
the association. At this exchange department may be found fine 
photographs, calendars and needle work from the finest Batten- 
berg lace to a kitchen holder. 

The observance of the birthday of the association brings in a 
larger sum of money than any other entertainment. It was 
inaugurated and carried to success by the skillful management 
and the persistent, earnest efforts of Mrs. Annie G. Pepper. 

One advantage that the association enjoys is, that old and 
3'oung work together harmoniously. The young bring to it their 
youth, their helpfulness, their enthusiasm and their valuable 
assistance. The successful doll sales and May-basket sales are 
largely due to the labor and skill of these young ladies. They 
are also indispensable in the work of the schools. 

There are schools for study two evenings in the week. The 
average attendance about thirty-five. One sewing school for the 
younger children is held Saturday afternoon and one for the 
older girls in the evening. The number of the younger is thirty- 
five and of the older from fifteen to twenty. 

There is a self-constituted, self-conducted, free employment 
bureau at the rooms. Women in search of work and women 
who need service go almost instinctively to Miss Dunbar. 

There is also a lunch room for those who live too far from 
home to go there for a dinner. Here they as well as shoppers 
can tind quiet and rest. 



384 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Many a family has been made comfortable from second-hand 
clothing obtained from the rooms as a center of distribution. 
This is given where evidently needed, or sold at a very low price. 

The library, from its small beginning, has been gradually 
enlarged, by individual gifts, by library fees, by contributions 
from other organizations and by the addition of the well-selected 
Bank Library, till it now numbers three thousand volumes and 
has a card catalogue prepared entirely by the generous labor of 
Mrs. Mary Smith Philbrick. 

An interesting feature of the last year's work has been the 
Mother's Meeting held in the rooms from four to five, on Sun- 
day where talks of great value have been given by some of the 
ablest members of the association. The present number of the 
association is two hundred sixty-three. 

In the winter of eighteen ninety-two the Women's Literary 
Club was organized as a branch of the Woman's -Association and 
under the same officers. It now has officers of its own, but 
remains closely affiliated to the association. The membership 
is not limited and those who join are interested in both. The 
number of members for the last year was one hundred forty- 
nine. The different objects of the association are closely in 
touch with each other. Each has its individuality but in all 
there is unanimity of purpose. 

The fifteenth milestone marks a somewhat uneventful year, 
but steady, quiet work goes on under the excellent leadership 
of Mrs. Clara E. Bessey, who has held the office of n-esident of 
the association for ten years. She accepts and performs the 
duties of the place with ability, couraP'e and untiring service. 

Mrs. J. W. Black has been the capable vice-president and 
valuable helper for five years. 

Miss Florence Plaisted is the successor to Miss Blaisdell as 
treasurer and brings to the association all that is implied in the 
words, an interested worker. 

Miss Frances F. Dunbar, the general secretary, is eminently 
fitted not for the place but for the places she fills. She is often 
weary but never disheartened or discouraged. Her genial good 
temper, her cheerfulness, her sincere interest in the unfortunate, 
her tireless industry, her ready sympathy, her tactful skill in 
dealing with women and girls, and her love for the work make 



HISTORY OF WATfiRVILLE. 385 

her services invaluable. Miss Arra Pike is the careful, com- 
petent recording secretary, who does not limit her duty to this 
work alone. 

There are scores of others equally loyal and devoted to the wel- 
fare of the association, who hold up the hands of the officers and 
help make the Waterville Woman's Association a growing and 
important feature of the city's influence in carrying on the legiti- 
mate work of the times. 



25 



CHAPTER XVIIl. 



THE WATERVILLE FREE LIBRARY. 

By EsTELi.E Foster Eaton. 

The library history of Waterville antedates even that of the 
town. Some eigfht months before \\'aterville was set off from 
Winslow, Mr. Reuben Kidder bought of Caleb Bingham of Bos- 
ton, a large bill of books for the "Winslow Library."' The pur- 
chase included one hundred and seventeen volumes. Among 
the authors represented were Hunter, Blair, Shakespeare, Hume, 
Smollett, Robertson, Goldsmith, Franklin and others. Fiction 
had small place although a certain "Beggar Girl" occupied three 
volumes and "A Fool of Quality," three volumes more. The 
books cost $162.25 with a discount of ten per cent. Sixty-five 
dollars were paid in cash and Abijah Smith, Elnathan Sherwin, 
William Phillips and James AIcKim gave their note of hand in 
behalf of the proprietors of said library (they being a committee 
chosen for that purpose) for the sum of eighty-one dollars and 
three cents. The books were received November 28, 1801 and 
put into circulation marked "The Waterville Social Library." 
How long the circulation continued is not known, but the books 
were finally left in Mr. Smith's hands, possibly in payment for 
the note which he had signed. When the "Ticonic Division, 
Sons of Temperance" started a library here thev were allowed the 
use of the books, but with the downfall of that institution the 
books reverted to the Smith family. Mr. Wallace B. Smith has 
in his possession the original bill and receipt for the books above 
referred to as a large part of the library.' It is his suggestion 

1. See chapter ot docaments. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 387 

that when the Free Library Building is completed, "The Water- 
ville Social Library," the first of Waterville's many libraries find 
fitting home within its walls. 

The history of the library movement in Waterville would be 
signally incomplete without full mention of the Waterville 
Library Association, which was organized in March, 1873 

Prior to this time, there had been circulating libraries in the 
bookstores ; one of the earliest being that of William Hastings, 
bookseller, piinter and publisher of the Waterville Intelligencer, 
who opened a circulating library of well-selected books in 1826, 
and continued the same for two years. Of still later date was 
the one kept by Edward Mathews, in the Mathews bookstore, 
nearly sixty years ago, and sold by him to Charles K. Mathews, 
who carried it on until 1874. 

It was March, 1873, that, the Waterville Library Association 
was formed, with Solyman Heath as president. The call for the 
first meeting was signed by A. A. Plaisted, Henry S. Burrage, 
F. E. Heath, R. Foster, G.' S. Palmer, P. S. Heald, A. Crosby, 
C. H. Redington, I. S. Bangs, Jr., J. O. Skinner, S. Heath, Nath. 
Meader, Edward W. Hall, Edw. G. Meader, J. H. Plaisted, W. 
B. Arnold, N. R. Boutelle, F. C. Thayer, S. C. Marston, E. R. 
Drummond. 

Payment of the annual fee of three dollars, constituted one a 
member of the association, and the money thus raised was 
expended for books. 

Through the courtesy of the directors, the library found its 
home in the Ticonic Bank, where it remained for twenty-six 
years, during which time Mr. A. A. Plaisted acted as librarian 
and secretary, assisted within the last few years by the Misses 
Helen and Emily Plaisted, Miss Helen Meader and Miss Elden, 
now Mrs. Mathews. The friends of the association were loyal 
to it, and all the services were freely rendered. 

After the opening of the Free Public Library, the list of sub- 
scribers was very small, and in February, 1900, this library of 
fifteen hundred volumes passed into the hands of the Woman's 
Association. 

In 1883 there was left to the city by the will of William H. 
Arnold, a former resident of Waterville, the sum of five thousand 
dollars for a public library ; provided that the city should, within 



388 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the year, raise an equal sum. The condition was not fulfilled 
and the money reverted to the heirs. 

Early in 1896, the women of Waterville, whose attention had 
been called 10 the matter by Mrs. Lillian Hallock Campbell, 
began to interest themselves in a movement to secure a free pub- 
lic library for Waterville. While the library of the Woman's 
Association, and the Bank Library, so called, supplied many, 
there were a great number of people who were not reached by 
them, and it was hoped that the agitation would result in some- 
thing both permanent and adequate. 

During the two weeks preceding the first meeting, Mrs. Camp- 
bell called personally upon over fifty women, asking their 
co-operation. From Mrs. G. D. B. Pepper was received the first 
oflfer of assistance ; while of the men, Mr. Simon S. Brown was 
the first to become intere.sted. 

On the evening of Februarj- 13, some of the representative 
women of the city met in the Ware Parlors and organized the 
Waterville Library Association, with the following officers : 

President, Mrs. Willard B. Arnold ; vice-presidents, Mrs. T. 
J. Volentine, Miss Lovering, Mrs. F. C. Thayer, Miss McLain, 
Mrs. Berry; secretary, Mrs. M. D. Johnson; treasurer. Miss 
Bessie Stevens ; committee on ways and means, Mrs. Pulsifer, 
Mrs. H. D. Bates, Mrs. F. B. Hubbard ; executive committee, 
Mrs. F. A. Lovejoy, Mrs. G. D. B. Pepper, Mrs. George A. 
Alden ; school committee, Miss Hortense Low, Miss Mary 
Abbott; press committee, Mrs. R. W. Dunn, Airs. G. A. Camp- 
bell, Mrs. J. D. Taylor ; information committee, Mrs. S. S. 
Brown, Mrs. J. F. Percival, Mrs. Edward Ware. 

Public interest was aroused. Among the first to express this 
interest in a substantial form were Redington and Company, M. 
C. Foster, W. M. Lincoln and W. B. Arnold. As these con- 
tributions were unsolicited, it vi'as very gratifying to those who 
had the matter in hand. Other gifts followed which showed 
that the movement met with approval. 

The women now called to their aid the citizens of Waterville. 
The incorporators met in the Ware Parlors on the evening of 
March 25, S. S. Brown presiding. S. S. Brown, Annie G. Pep- 
per and T. J. Volentine reported a code of by-laws which in an 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. S^Q 

amended form was adopted. The Waterville Free Library Asso- 
ciation was then organized, with the following officers : 

President, The Mayor, Edmund F. Webb, ex-officio: vice- 
president, Charles F. Johnson; secretary, Frank B. Hubbard, 
treasurer, Horatio D. Bates; trustees for one year, Simon S. 
Brown, Harvey D. Eaton ; two years, Annie G. Pepper, Prof. A. 
L. Lane ; three years, Lillian Hallock Campbell, Rev. N. Char- 
land; four year's, Mrs. Willard B. Arnold, Frank Redington; 
elected by the Board of Trade, Elwood T. Wyman ; by the city, 
Arthur J. Roberts, W. M. Lincoln, Horatio D. Bates. 

Mass meetings were held in City Hall, at which speeches were 
made in favor of the movement. 

As a direct result of the first meeting, shelves were set up in 
the law office of Harvey D. Eaton, and contributions of books 
called for. Mr. Eaton gave from his own library about forty 
volumes, and to these were added others, while Redington and 
Company kindly donated a table. These books were free to all ; 
and until the library was opened in August, were publicly cir- 
culated. 

The public was informed on April 7, 1896, that the Waterville 
Free Library was organized and ready to receive contributions. 
Pledge cards were placed in the banks, drug stores and leading 
grocery stores ; the city was assigned by wards to members of the 
association, and every effort made to raise funds for the purchase 
of books. 

By May 12, eleven hundred dollars had been raised by personal 
solicitation and by pledge cards. This, with the five hundred 
dollars appropriated by the city, constituted the first working 
fund of the library. The book purchasing committee, composed 
of Prof. Lane, Mrs. Campbell, Elwood T. Wyman, Harvey D. 
Eaton and Horatio D. Bates, proceeded at once to select the 
"foundation books" of the library, a task of no small importance. 
Lists were carefully prepared from various catalogues ; the wis- 
dom of the committee being demonstrated by the librarian's 
report of the first year, which showed, that the library opened 
with 433 books; increased, during the year, to 1,250; while the 
out put for the year had been 15,504. 

A room in Plaisted Block was secured, and the library was 
opened to the public August 22, 1896, with Mrs. Agnes M. John- 



390 HISTORY OF WATKRVILLE. 

son as librarian. ?*Iuch credit is due to ^ilrs. Johnson for her 
untiring devotion to the interests of the library. 

In 1898 it was moved to its present quarters in the Haines 
Building. 

The librarian's report for May, 1902 shows that the number of 
volumes accessioned is 3,088 ; the circulation for the year ending 
May 16, 1902, being 20,692. There has been a gradual decrease 
in the circulation of fiction ; while the reference work in connec- 
tion with the schools, is constantly and rapidly increasing. 

The history of the library is very largely one of ways and 
means. It has received from the city each year an appropriation of 
five hundred dollars, increased for the year 1902, to one thousand 
dollars, and from the State, fifty dollars, an amount supposed 
to cover the running expenses ; although as a matter of fact it 
has not. Beyond this, it is dependent for its support upon vol- 
untary contributions. 

Various entertainments have been given to raise money for 
the purchase of books. The concert given in August, 1898. by 
friends of the library, resulted in a gift of two hundred forty-two 
dollars and fifty cents, two hundred dollars being set aside as a 
nucleus for a building fund. This concert was made possible 
through the efiforts of Mrs. Frederic E. Boothby of Portland, 
who has shown her interest in Waterville in many ways. No 
expense whatever was incurred ; the artists, Mrs. Antonia Saw- 
yer, Miss Harriet Shaw, harpist. Miss Alice Philbrook, pianist, 
and Miss Blanche Smith, accompanist, giving their services at 
the request of Mrs. Boothby. All other arrangements were 
made by Mrs. Willard B. Arnold who was equally successful in 
securing assistance. 

Mrs. Arnold has been identified with the library from the very 
first, and whenever its interests are involved is an indefatigable 
worker. 

Aside from Redington and Company, M. C. Foster, W. M. 
Lincoln and W. B. Arnold, who were the first to offer aid, gifts 
of over fifty dollars have been received from Geo. K. Boutelle, 
Carrol W. Abbott, Hollingsworth& Whitney Co., Lockwood Com- 
pany, L. H. Soper and Company, and William T. Haines. 
These, increased by the smaller sums contributed at various 
times, have maintained the library for six years. No one, per- 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 391 

haps, has siiown greater interest than Mr. Haines, who lias given 
freely both time and money. 

Among those who have given largely of books are Mrs. F. E. 
Boothby, J. D. Danielson, Cyrus W. Davis, Charles H. Alden, 
George Maxham, L. Dunbar, Mrs. Pulsifer, F. A. Davies, 
and Miss Alice Getchell. 

They have been ably seconded by the clubs of the city ; the 
Saturday Club being the first to respond to the need. 

The Salmagundi Club, a whist club of thirty-two women, 
imposes upon its members a small sum at each meeting. The 
money thus raised, is expended in books which are given to the 
library. Two hundred and twenty-five books have been received 
from this club during the last three winters. A gift of fourteen 
books was received from the Catholic Sodality Society, a relig- 
ious society made up of English-speaking young women from 
the church of St. Francis de Sales, whose pastor, Rev. Charland, 
has shown great interest in the doings of the library. 

In 1902 the members of the Woman's Literary Club raised by 
a personal canvas of the citizens, three hundred and eighty dol- 
lars for the purchase of books. 

Miss Fryatt and Miss Dunbar, during that same year, received 
from the sale of a doll forty-six and a half dollars which was 
given for the purchase of current fiction. 

In December, igoi, Mr. Elwood T. Wyman, superintendent 
of schools for Waterville, recognizing the value of the library 
as an aid to the school system, wrote to Mr. Andrew Carnegie, 
in an attempt to interest him in a public library building. Nearly 
a year before this, Mrs. Annie G. Pepper had written Mr. Car- 
negie upon the same subject. In February, 1902, Mrs. Willard 
B. Arnold was instructed by the trustees of the library to write 
to Mr. Charles Haviland ; to see if he could secure from Mr. 
Carnegie a gift, upon the same terms granted by him to other 
towns. 

After making inquiries of Mr. Wyman as to the need of the 
town, which he satisfactorily answered, Mr. Carnegie, through 
his secretary, notified Martin E. Blaisdell, Mayor, that he would 
give to the city of Waterville twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) 
for a library building, if a site be provided and two thousand 



392 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

dollars ($2,000) appropriated for each year, for the support of 
the library. 

The offer was accepted, and thus, through the generosity of 
Mr. Carnegie, will be realized the dream of those, who for six 
years have had the interests of the library most at heart. 

The Waterville Free Library has passed through the stage 
of experiment, to become an established factor in the life of the 
city. With the completion of the City Hall, the thought of the 
people will naturally turn towards the library and the building 
in which it is to be housed. It should be kept well in mind that 
"nothing is more deadly to institutional life than the complacent 
theory that a library such as this has achieved its ends and has 
nothing reserved for its future but a strict observance of economy 
and maintenance of established routine." 

The growth of the library from the city appropriation alone 
must of necessity be slow. With so great a need as an incentive 
to individual giving it can be confidently expected, that the 
growth will not be merely commensurate with the appropriation, 
but with the public spirit of the citizens of Waterville, whose city 
is their pride. 



CHAPTER XIX. 



THE PRESS OF WATERVILLE. 
By HfiNRY C. Prince, Editor of the Waterville Mail. 

The history of the press of Waterville is a very important part 
of the history of the city : in fact, from the files of the papers that 
have been published here, a very respectable history of the city 
could be obtained. 

The growth of the publishing business of Waterville since the 
establishment of the first paper in 1823, was rather slow until 
the founding of what is now the Waterville Mail in 1847, 
but since that time it has kept pace with the other industries of 
the town. One curious fact to the newspaper reader of to-day 
who examines the files of the earlier papers, is that there was no 
local news whatever in them. They were all of a literary char- 
acter, their articles being principally selections from those books 
"which everybody talks about but which nobody reads," and 
outside of the advertising columns the name of a resident of 
Waterville was hard to find. It was well along in the sixties 
before even the Mail began to pay much attention to local affairs. 

In the space allotted to this chapter, only the briefest sketch 
possible can be given. The writer is indebted to Professor 
William Mathews of Boston for some of the information con- 
cerning the papers with which he was connected, and to Libra- 
rian E. W. Hall of Colby College for access to the library. 

WATERVILLE INTELLIGENCER. 

The Waterville Intelligencer, a five-column, four page paper, 
was the first newspaper printed in Waterville. The first num- 
ber was issued May 23, 1823, William Hastings being the editor 
and publisher. Mr. Hastings also had a book store and a circu- 



394 HISTORY OF WATEKVII.I.E. 

lating library which was a great boon to the people of the village 
at that time. 

The office was first opened in the building afterward occupied 
by a Mr. Baker as a barber shop. The first sheet was struck off 
by John Burleigh, a trader in the village, who had learned the 
printer's trade in New Hampshire, and Asa Dalton, who volun- 
teercfl for that occasion to beat the type form with the old fash- 
ioned ink balls, for Mr. Burleigh to pull. The office was after- 
ward moved to a building occupying the site covered by that 
now occupied by Mrs. Bonne as a store. 

The Intelligencer was published in the interests of the Baptist 
denomination, under the patronage of the college, whose officers 
had been instrumental in establishing a printing office in the 
town. The paper contained no local news whatever. 

The last number of the paper was issued November 6, 1828, 
the subscription list having been sold to Rev. Adam Wilson, 
proprietor of Zion's Advocate, the first number of which was to 
be issued in Portland, Tuesday, November 11, 1828. 

That newspaper accounts were as difficult to collect then as 
now is evidenced by the fact that Mr. Hastings closed an earnest 
appeal to subscribers in arrears with, "I am persuaded that all 
who have any bowels of compassion will attend to the above rea- 
sonable request." 

THE WATCH M.\N. 

In the last few issues of the Intelligencer there appeared in the 
advertising columns "Proposals for publishing in Waterville a 
weekly newspaper entitled The Watchman." This, according to 
the prospectus, was to be a "political paper." 

The first number was issued December 11, 1828, and was the 
same size as the Intelligencer, except that the columns were a 
little wider. This paper, "a political, literary and miscellaneous 
journal of the times" was started by Mr. Hastings partly as an 
experiment and partly to keep the office employed during the 
closing up of the old business. The Watchman had but a small 
list of subscribers and lived only fifty-six weeks, the last number 
being issued Wednesday, December 30, 1829. Mr. Hastings 
then removed his office to Augusta, where he ran a job office for 
several years. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 395 



THE TIMES. 

A Whig paper, called The Times, was the next one in the field, 
the first number appearing in June, 1831. It was published by 
Mr. John Burleigh, James Stackpole, Jr., being the political 
editor. The paper lived about two years and three months. 



THE WATERVILLE JOURNAL. 

The next paper to appear was The Waterville Journal, also 
published by Air. Burleigh. This was a non-sectarian, religious 
paper of eight pages. Its publication was commenced in Decem- 
ber, 1833, at the instance of the officers and friends of Waterville 
College, and with promise of assistance in the editorial depart- 
ment from some of the older students, and also in securing sub- 
scribers, but these promises not being fully met, the paper was 
discontinued at the end of the first volume. This was the first 
paper in Waterville on which composition rollers were used, the 
others having been printed with the old-fashioned ink balls. 

A manual labor department having been established at the 
college, the old Ramage press of Mr. Burleigh, with his other 
printing material, was purchased and set up in one of the work- 
shops on the ground. Some friend of the institution in Massa- 
chusetts contributed an iron hand-press, and perhaps some type. 
Job printing in a small way was done for a while in this office 
by Mr. Edgar H. Gray, a graduate of the class of '38, who had 
entered college a practical printer. An old catalogue of the col- 
lege library bears his imprint. This office, with the exception 
of the old Ramage press, was soon sold to Geo. V. Edes, and 
taken to Dover. 

THE NORTH AMERICAN GALAXY. 

Saturday, March 15, 1834, appeared the first number of "The 
North American Galaxy, or Watervillonian Revived." F. B. 
Wells and W. Mathews, editors ; Daniel R. Wing, printer. This 
was a four-page semi-monthly journal, devoted to "tales, essays, 
music, biography, poetry, anecdotes, etc." and lasted for four 
issues. As its title indicated, it succeeded a little sheet called 
The Watervillonian, spoken of in another paragraph. 



396 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

THE WATERVU-LONIAN. 

After a lapse of about eight years, The Watervillonian, a 
quarto of eight pages, followed The Journal, the first number 
appearing May 29, 1841. This was a literary and family journal, 
published by William Mathews, (now of Boston, and distin- 
guished in the field of literature) and Daniel R. Wing, and was 
published one year. Tn a letter to the writer Prof. William 
Mathews gives the following brief history of the The Water- 
villonian : 

'Tt began with four hundred subscribers ; a list which, by fill- 
ing its columns to a large extent with elegant extracts from old 
and modem English writers, from Chaucer to Carlyle, the editor 
succeeded in cutting down in twelve months to two hundred and 
fifty. With the exception of the commendation of the students 
in the college and a few men of literary tastes, the first assurance 
the publishers received that the paper was giving satisfaction to 
its readers was a general outburst of praise when, from a sheer 
lack of pure literature, a full account of Colt's murder in New 
York was published in its columns. To the great surprise of 
the publishers they found at the year's end that, as a reward for 
their labors, there was the sum of $600 to be divided between 
them." 

The Watervillonian was published in the third story of 
Boutelle block. Main street, and took its name from a boyish 
venture of Messrs. ]\Iathews and Wing in 1832, when they pub- 
lished for eight issues a little four-page sheet under the same 
title. 

THE YANKEE BLADE. 

In June, 1842, The Watervillonian, which had been printed on 
an old Ramage press bought of Waterville College for twelve 
dollars, was succeeded by a handsome folio, The Yankee Blade, 
printed from new type on a fine Tufts press. William Mathews 
was editor and proprietor, and Mr. Wing became foreman of the 
prmting department. Edward Mathews, (afterward murdered 
by Dr. Coolidge) was soon taken into partnership by his brother 
and the paper published one year in Waterville by W. and E. 
Mathews at the southwest corner of Main and Silver streets, in 
a large two-story building, which had been built for a dwelling 



HISTOKY OF WATERVILLE. 39/ 

house by Col. Jabez Mathews. In the same building a book store 
was kept by Mr. Mathews, also a law office. In August, 1843, 
the interest of the junior partner was purchased by Moses 
Stevens of Hallowell, and the establishment moved to Gardiner. 
Four years later the paper went to Boston, and was merged with 
"The Portfolio." 

After the removal of The Blade, Waterville was witiiout a 
printing office until the fall of 1844, when John S. Carter, a Ban- 
gor publisher, came in and occupied the field with a job office 
until the excitement preliminary to the building of the Andros- 
coggin and Kennebec Railroad seemed to demand a paper once 
more. 

THE W.\TERVILLE UNION. 

In April, 1847, Charles F. Hathaway began the publication of 
The Waterville Union, now the Waterville Mail. This was a 
well- printed sheet, neutral in politics, but owing mainly to the 
stringent rules adopted and enforced regarding the payment of 
subscriptions and for advertisements, was not well sustained by 
the public, and Mr. Hathaway gave up the enterprise after a trial 
of fourteen weeks. 

THE WATERVILLE MAIL. 

Ephraim Maxham, who had had journalistic experience in 
Alassachusetts and Vermont, then purchased The Union plant, 
changed the name of the paper and July 19, 1847, issued from 
the third story of Boutelle block the first number of The Eastern 
Mail, the title of which was changed September 4, 1863, to the 
more distinctive local name that it bears to-day, The Waterville 
Mail. 

Mr. Maxham was not only a ready writer, who kept his paper 
a clean local journal, but a practical printer and The Eastern 
Mail began a vigorous growth. 

The original inventory of the office as made out by Mr. Hath- 
away, is in possession of the present proprietors of The Mail, 
and shows that the plant cost $571.47, and was sold to Mr. 
Maxham for $475.00. New material to the amount of $89.50 
was added during the next two years, at the end of which time, 
Daniel R. Wing, who had been employed on the paper and who 
had been connected in some capacity with every paper published 



398 HISTORY OK WATERVILLE. 

in Watcrville, except The Union, purchased a half interest, and 
the firm of JMaxham & V.'ing, from that date, played an import- 
ant part in the history and development of Waterville. 

Mr. Wing had a warm love for Waterville, and one of the 
secrets of the success of his paper was his interest in its citizens 
and the graduates of college and academy, and the vigilance with 
which he watched and informed his readers of every one's change 
of residence, and of every indication of his success and pros- 
perity. He was an antiquarian, and his local sketches made a 
valuable feature of the paper. 

Tlie paper took no party position until the presidential contest 
of 1856, when it advocated the election of Gen. Fremont. It 
was "independent in polities'' for many years, but later endorsed 
the principles of the Republican party which political faith it 
retains at the present time. 

The Waterville Mail, under Maxham & Wing, was an earnest 
advocate of everything that promised to be of aid to the town, 
whether materially or morally. Mr. Maxham was a man of 
strong individuality, and independence of character, eager to help 
every good cause. He was one of the old-fashioned printers and 
used to stand at the case and put in type his articles without tak- 
ing the trouble to write them. The historical articles which Mr. 
Wing compiled in the later years of his life, have proved very 
valuable to those looking up the history of Waterville. These 
were two of the most useful citizens the town ever had. 

Messrs. Maxham & Wing ran the paper until the death of ]\Ir. 
Wing, December 2, 1885. Mr. Maxham continued the business, 
although feeble from illness, until January i, 1886, when the 
plant was purchased by Charles G. Wing and Daniel F. Wing, 
who took the firm name of Wing & Wing. 

The plant was at once enlarged and brought up to date by the 
purchase of new type and material and a fine cylinder press, the 
first one to be set up in Waterville. The paper was enlarged 
and improved typographically, and in its news features, and 
became one of the best local weeklies in the State. 

The junior partner, Daniel F. Wing, died March 21, 1891, and 
Charles G. Wing published the paper until April 17 of the same 
year, when it was purchased by Henry C. Prince of Buckfield, 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 399 

and Ehvood T. Wyman of Sidney, who did business under the 
firm name of Prince & Wyman, until the incorporation of The 
Mail Publishing Company, February 26, 1896. Charles B. 
Davis acquired an interest in the business at this time, but severed 
his connection two years later to accept the position of city 
marshal. 

Early in the year 1806, the form of The Mail was changed 
from a nine-column folio to a six-column quarto, and the day 
of publication made Wednesday instead of Friday. 



THE W.\TERVILLE SENTINEL. 

In 1880 The Mail had its first competitor in The Water ville 
Sentinel, the first number of which appeared from the third story 
of the building of which Wardwell Brothers now occupy the 
ground floor, Wednesday, December i. This was a seven 
column folio published by M. A. Leger and E. O. Robinson. In 
their "Greeting" the publishers said, "We do not propose to 
crowd others out by crowding ourselves in, but to find a place 
or make one." That these gentlemen had complete faith in the 
growth and prosperity of Waterville, is shown by this extract 
from their first editorial : "Without claiming any prophetic 
power we see in the near future our beautiful village, with its 
magnificent water power, energetic business men, its unrivalled 
educational institutions and other elements of success, outgrow 
its present limits and develop into city proportions and dignities. 
We desire to share its growth and aid as far as possible." In 
February, 1881, the publication day was changed to Friday. 

Mr. Leger did not stay with the paper long and March 18, 
1881, R. O. Robbins became the editor, and in September of that 
year, a member of the firm. The Waterville Printing Company. 
On December 30, 1881, the paper was enlarged to eight columns, 
and February 16, 1883, the form was changed to a five column 
eight-page paper. 

In October of 1883, Mr. Robbins gave up the business and 
December 5, 1883, Vol. IV, No. i, the paper came out with J. D. 
Maxfield, editor and proprietor, from room 20, Dunn block. Mr. 
Maxfield in the following month changed back to the eight- 
column folio. 



400 HISTORY OF WATKKVII.LE. 

In Alay, 1884, the plant was purchased by Moore & ^loore, 
who changed the day of publication to Saturday and published 
their first number Saturday, May 31. O. M. Moore was editor 
and L. A. Moore business manager. October 16 of the same 
year, the day was changed to Thursday. 

June 17, 1885, L. A. Moore withdrew and the business was 
continued by his brother until October of the same year, when 
Arthur W. Hall of Rockland bought a half interest in the busi- 
ness, the firm being Moore & Hall. Mr. Hall was a first-class 
job printer and during his connection with the paper made a 
specialty of that branch of the business. 

Moore & Hall dissolved April 12, 1886, Moore's interest going 
to Hon. O. G. Hall, whose son already had a half-interest. 
Herbert M. Lord, Colby, '84, became the editor until December 
of the same year when he purchased an interest in the Rockland 
Courier-Gazette. O. G. Hal! then took the editorial chair where 
he remained until May, 1890. 

In October, 1895, the plant then located in the second story of 
Gilman block was sold to Samuel Appleton Burleigh, Colby, '94, 
of Vassalboro. Mr. Burleigh improved the equipment of the 
office somewhat and with the issue of February 13, 1896, changed 
the paper to a six-column quarto form which it retains. In 
December of the same year, Mr. Burleigh changed the paper to 
a semi-weekly, Tuesdays and Fridays, but soon found that it did 
not pay and April 16, 1897, the paper was published again as a 
weekly with Friday as the day of publication. November 12, 
1897, a department in French was made a feature of the paper. 
This was edited and compiled by Dr. A. O. Boulay, but in 
December of that year was given up. 

February 23, 1898, W. M. Ladd of Fairfield bought the plant 
and November 1 1 of the same year, the business was incorporated 
under the name of W. M. Ladd Company. November 2a. the 
plant was moved to the Haines building on Common street. In 
December, 1898, the firm began the publication of three country 
weeklies: The Clinton Herald, The Vassalboro Times, The 
China Tribune. January 4, 1899, a linotype machine was 
installed, followed by a second one in December, 1901. A web 
perfecting press was added to the plant in October, 1899. In 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 4OI 

December, the company were re-organized and the capital stock 
increased to $100,000. W. M. Ladd, H. C. Ladd and A. J. Ladd 
hold the stock. 

THE KENNEBEC DEMOCRAT. 

Waterville's third local paper appeared Wednesday, February 
2. 1887, in the shape of a nine-column folio sheet styled The 
Kennebec Democrat. "Ben" Bunker, as he was familiarly called, 
was an unique character, and published a paper as unique as 
himself as the following extracts from his "salutatory" will indi- 
cate. "Custom has decreed that when a man has become a 
financial wreck and desires to rid himself of friends, increase 
the number of his enemies, and advertise his faults to a cold, 
tmfeeling public, by publishing a newspaper, he shall give to his 
readers his views, politically and otherwise, make the usual 
promise to behave as well as his depraved nature will allow, 
give four dollars' worth of reading matter for half the money, 
confess his hopes and fears, expecting to be greeted with jour- 
nalistic yelps in the shape of back-handed compliments from his 
esteemed contemporaries, and be criticized by his very near and 
dear friends who were not consulted." As a profession of faith 
the editor stated that "The Kennebec Democrat will be Demo- 
cratic seven days in the week, hot or cold, sunshine or darkness." 

J\lr. Bunker then went on to state his belief in the prosperity 
of Waterville and to prophesy that the handsome village would 
soon be numbered among the cities of the State. One of the fea- 
tures of The Democrat were the frequent venomous attacks on 
various citizens who disagreed with the editor politically, and 
the use of cuts, whittled out with a jack-knife by Mr. Bunker 
himself, to caricature his victims. Mr. Bunker ran the paper 
until his death, March 8, 1894, after which it was run for three 
months by F. Wilbur Brown, who had been connected with the 
ofiSce for several years, when it was sold to Augusta parties and 
moved to that city and the name changed to The Maine Democrat. 

26 



402 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

THE EASTERN KAKMEK. 

In September. 1887, The Home Farm establishment was 
moved from Augusta and the name of the paper changed to The 
Eastern Farmer, Wing, Burleigh & Co., proprietors, S. L. Board- 
man, editor. The Farmer was an eight page, six column, agri- 
cultural paper published monthly at The Mail office. The firm 
was composed of Hon. Hall C. Burleigh, Charles G. Wing, and 
Daniel F. Wing. The paper lost money steadily, and April 19, 
1888, the list was sold to The I.ewiston Journal, only thirty num- 
bers having been issued. 

THE SAWYER PUBLISHING COMPANY. 

In May, 1892, George Fred Terry started a publishing busi- 
ness that in a very few years grew to immense proportions and 
has very materially increased the business prosperity of Water- 
ville. The business began with the publication of the Fireside 
Gem, a monthly paper belonging to the class of what is known 
as Mail Order papers. Mr. Terry purchased the paper in Port- 
land and the equipment on the start, according to Mr. Terry 
was "one room in Masonic block, two tables, and a right to pub- 
lish 'The Fireside Gem.' " The mechanical work was done by 
outside parties. 

In November, 1892, the business was incorporated under the 
name of The Sawyer Publishing Company and a little later was 
moved into the upper floor of Hayden block on Temple street 
and some printingmaterial and a two-revolution flat-bed press put 
in. The business grew steadily and in the winter of 1894- 1895 ''^"^ 
company purchased the subscription list of a paper published in 
Boston and known as "The American Nation.'' Shortly after the 
plant was moved into the lower floor of the Milliken building 
so-called, on the east side of Main street, next to the Maine Cen- 
tral railroad crossing. In 1896 the small press was taken out 
and the first web-perfecting press installed. 1 he following year, 
1S96, a third paper, "The Home Treasury," was purchased and 
the whole of the building occupied. This same year the land and 
buildings on Chaplin street between the IMaine Central railroad 
and Ticonic street were purchased, and the business was moved 



HISTORV OF WATERVILLE. 4O3 

there in the summer of 1898. Two years later the building npw 
occupied was built. The building is 45x90 feet, two stories and 
a basement, practically amounting to a three-story building, and 
the whole of it is used for the business, as well as a part of the 
old building. In the winter of 1900-1901, the present fast per- 
fecting press was installed. This press has a capacity of 20,000 
thirty-two page papers an hour. 

The growth of the business in the ten years it has been estab- 
lished, has been almost marvelous. At present more than 100 
people are given regular employment and the pay roll exceeds 
$50,000 a year. The circulation has grown from 25,000 copies 
per month to more than 1,600,000 copies per month, a special 
mail car being dispatched every working day. 

THB TURF, FARM AND HOMfi. 

The Turf, Farm and Home was removed to this city from 
Auburn, where it was established as an organ of the horse 
breeders of Maine. The first issue to appear in this city was 
published June i, 1894, the office being established in the first 
floor of the Dunn block. Soon after coming here the paper 
widened its scope and added a department devoted to dairying, 
employing Otis Header of Albion as dairy editor, and soon after 
added a poultry department with Geo. P. Coffin of Freeport, a 
well-known poultry fancier, as editor of that department. Later 
a iiousehold department was added and all these departments 
are being energetically maintained so that today the paper is an 
all round agricultural journal occupying a very important part 
in the discussion of the leading agricultural topics of the day and 
its scope of usefulness is constantly being v.'idened. The paper 
is owned and published by the Turf Publishing Company, Mr. 
A. R. Cobb of Portland being president and Mr. E. P. Mayo, 
editor and business manager. 

WATERVII.LE EVENING MAIL. 

In the winter of 1895-96, the proprietors of The Waterville 
Mail came to the conclusion that the time was ripe for a daily 
paper in Waterville, and on January 29, 1896, the first number 
of the Waterville Evening Mail appeared, and it has been pub- 



404 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

lished regularly since. The Evening Mail is a four-page, seven- 
column sheet and, while giving briefly the news of the world, 
makes no pretension to be anything but a local paper for Water- 
ville and near-by towns. 

The proprietors have steadily added to the equipment of the 
office, this including large quantities of new type and material, 
an electric motor, a folder, and in 1901, a type-setting machine, 
with a complete new dress of type. The circulation of the paper 
has taken no remarkable jumps, but has increased a little every 
j-ear, and with the excellent advertising patronage, both local 
and foreign, has put the paper on a solid foundation of prosperity 
that promises to continue 



THE CLIFTON MONTH I. V. 

This mail order paper was started in July, 1899, by Leo C. 
Fuller, who sold it in March, 1901, to the Waterville Publishing 
Company. Mr. Fuller bought back the paper in January, 1902, 
and now claims a paid-up subscription list of 10,000 to 12,000 
names. The size of the paper varies from sixteen to twenty-four 
pages, according to the season of the year, the larger size being 
used during the winter months. Mr. Fuller has no printing 
plant, the mechanical work being done by outside parties. 



THE CHRISTIAN CIVIC LEAGUE RECORD. 

The first issue of The Christian Civic League Record was 
published September, 1900. The Record is a monthly paper and 
is the organ of the Christian Civic League. Its purpose is 
according to its constitution, "by all the means at our command 
and by co-operation with other existing agencies, ist, to educate 
the people in all that pertains to good citizenship ; 2nd, to arouse 
and maintain throughout the State a reverence for law ; 3d, to 
secure the enactment of the best possible laws; their impartial 
execution, and the choice of competent officials to that end." The 
paper is non-partisan, non-denominational. 



HISTORY OK WATERVirXE. 405 

THE ICONOCLAST. 

The Iconoclast was the name of a semi-monthly paper of four 
pages with seven columns to the page, which was started Novem- 
ber 15, 1900, by Mr. J. H. McCone of this city. The Iconoclast 
was independent in politics and was one of the first papers to 
suggest re-submission of the prohibitory constitutional ammend- 
ment. The paper was given over to the support of license; 
attacked the methods of the Christian Civic League in the enforce- 
ment of the prohibitory law ; indulged in editorial comment that 
was forceful if not elegant and died as its editor expected it 
would, in its infancy. The circulation of the Iconoclast was 
chiefly among the enemies of the prohibitory law and politicians 
and reached i,ooo. Mr. McCone started the paper for personal 
reasons without suggestion from any person and having no 
financial backing the life of the paper was limited by the amount 
of cash the proprietor could secure between issues. The Icono- 
clast closed its career with the seventh number. 



COLLEGE AND SCHOOL PAPERS. 

The Colby Echo, formerly published monthly, but for the past 
four years, weekly, is published by the students of Colby college 
during the school year. 

The Coburn Clarion is published twice each term by the stu- 
dents of Cobum Classical Institute. 

The Nautilus is published by the students of the Waterville 
High school. 

The Colby Oracle ought not to be omitted from a list of 
Waterville publications. It has now made thirty-six annual 
appearances, and a file of its numbers contains a pretty com- 
plete record of events of interest in the college years, and that 
is what a newspaper prints. The Oracle had predecessors in its 
field, among them the Watervillian, of which a few numbers 
were printed. 



CHAPTER XX. 



OTHER ORGANIZATIONS AND INSTITUTIONS. 

The Waterville Young Men's Christian Association — The Stevens 
Hospital — The Woman's Christian Temperance Union — The Kiest 
Business College— Hall's Military Band— The Cecilia Club— Garfield 
Camp No. i. Sons of Veterans — Co. H, Second Regiment National 
Guard, State of Maine- The Waterville Bicycle Club— The Water- 
ville Gun Club. 

YOUNG men's CHKISTI.AN ASS0CI.\T10N. 

The Y. M. C. A. of Waterville was organized May 22, 1867, 
with Joshua Nye as president ; E. R. Drummond, C. F. Gardner 
and J. L. Towne, vice-presidents : Z. E. Taylor, corresponding 
secretary ; G. B. Broad, recording secretary ; Williatn Bodge, 
treasurer; A. M. Dunbar, librarian. 

About $Soo was immediately raised, and rooms in the Boutelle 
Block were leased, which were dedicated June 19, 1867. The 
association maintained religious meetmgs on Sunday and kept 
open a reading room during the week. At one time an evange- 
list was employed, and the meetings under his charge proved suc- 
cessful. After several years the work declined and the associa- 
tion closed its doors in 1875, having on hand a small balance in 
money which it finally turned over to its successor. 

In 1886 another association was formed, with Cyrus W. Davis 
as president. Rooms were opened in Boutelle Block as before. 
A well-stocked reading room was provided, and the religious 
meetings held were helpful and successful. In 1888 Mr. E. A. 
Pierce, who had had thorough preparation for his work, was em- 
ployed as secretary in charge. He remained two years, during 
which good work was done. A g^'mnasium was opened which 



HISTORY OP WATERVILLE. 4O7 

proved popular, though it lacked some desirable features. Mr. 
Pierce resigned in 18S9 to accept a more important position, and 
Mr. Edmund W. Foster, who has served the association in many 
ways and with great loyalty, became acting secretary. In 1890 
Mr. L. N. Tower became secretary. His successors have been 
G. A. Mathews, A. T. Craig, E. F. Hitchings, F. E. Libby and 
Rev. Gideon Mayo. 

Mr. Davis was succeeded by Mr. Frank B. Philbrick, who for 
inany years has been president, sparing neither time, labor or 
money for the good of the association. In addition to the relig- 
ious work of the association, classes have been maintained, those 
in mechanical drawing under President Philbrick proving espec- 
ially valuable, enabling some who have attended them to secure 
good positions. 

Since IQOO no general secretary has been employed, the reading 
room, which is now in Plaisted Block, being in charge of Mr. 
Edmund W. Foster. For many years efficient and valuable work 
was done by Mr. Henry L. Tappan as treasurer. The Ladies' 
Auxiliary has proved loyal and has aided the association in many 
ways. Even when little work was carried on by the association 
the auxiliary has persistently labored to furnish money for and 
to keep up interest in this important work. 

THE STEVENS HOSPITAL. 

April 16, 1901, Mrs. Anna W. Stevens, wife of Charles 
Stevens, who for some time had cared for patients at her home, 
leased the King residence, which afterward had been fitted for a 
hospital, on Boutelle avenue. She opened it as a home hospital, 
where patients could have private rooms and home attentions. 
Having the endorsement of the physicians of the city and the 
enthusiastic praise of her patients, Mrs. Stevens has made the 
hospital successful. Nearly one hundred patients have been 
cared for with the best results. The institution fills an important 
place in the city. So many people come here to work in the 
nianufacturies, on the railroad, or to attend school, whose homes 
are far away, there is great need of just such an institution as the 
Stevens Home Hospital. 



408 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

THE woman's christian temperance union. 

In the year 1878 the women of Waterville were invited by Mrs. 
Sarah Girard Crosby to meet in the Congregational vestry to 
consider the formation of a Woman's Christian Temperance 
Union. Mrs. Crosby's enthusiasm proved contagious and a 
union was formed, of which Mrs. James H. Hanson became pres- 
ident and Mrs. S. G. Cro.sby secretary. Mrs. R. B. Dunn and 
others interested themselves in the work, which was carried on 
vigorously for about eight years. Then followed a period of 
eight years in which the society seemed dormant, though its 
members did not a little independent work. A third period of 
eight years began when Mrs. Crosby again called the women 
together in 1894 for the reorganization of the society. Mrs. 
Crosby was elected president and has held the office till the pres- 
ent time. She certainly was well qualified for the work. Of 
the Girard family of Pennsylvania, her grandfather was a 
brother of Stephen Girard, who founded Girard College. Mrs. 
Crosby for fifteen years had been stenographer to the Supreme 
Judicial Court of Maine, being the second woman in America to 
be appointed to such a position. She had done much reporting 
for Justices Appleton, Dickerson and Barrows, and reported the 
last term ever held by each of these celebrated men. For five 
years she had been stenographer to the Maine Board of Agricul- 
ture. Among the other workers was Mrs. E. E. Cain, who, as 
State organizer for Juvenile temples, had accomplished much for 
temperance. 

The union never has had a large membership, but has exerted 
its influence both independently and in the support of other 
temperance movements. It entertains the State Convention of 
the W. C. T. U. in September, 1902. Its present membership is 
forty-five. Its officers are, Mrs. S. G. Crosby, president ; re- 
cording secretary, Mrs. Marian H. Leslie, corresponding secre- 
tary, Mrs. Abbie J. Tubbs : treasurer, }ilrs. L. F. Boothby. 

the kiest business college. 
Tins institution is one of the latest additions to the educational 
equipment of the city, yet already many young men seeking pre- 
paration for business pursuits have availed themselves of its 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 409 

resources. Its predecessors have been the Bliss Business 
College and the \N'aterville Business College. November 
22, 1899, it was bought by Mr. Keist and the name changed 
to Kiest Business College. In 1902 it removed to fine quar- 
ters in the new Flood Block, which it now occupies. It offers 
different courses in stenography, commercial law and practice, 
and all matters involved in actual business. Since November, 
1899, it has enrolled 243 students. 



HArr. ? MILITARY BAND. 

Very early in the history of Waterville the formalities of 
Commencement Day and the military exigencies of "muster" and 
"training" days made a brass band a necessity. That necessity 
was met as early as 1822, and bands have existed here from that 
time on. In 1890 Mr. R. B. Hall, who already had taken rank as 
one of the be.st cornetists in the State, and was favorably known 
as a composer of m.usic, came to Waterville. He organized the 
Waterville Military Band and Hall's Orchestra. These organ- 
izations were carefully trained and their work was very accepta- 
ble and popular. 

December 30, 1899, Mr. Cyrus W. Davis, who had shown his 
interest in the band in many ways, with other citizens who 
appreciated the value of the band to the city, formed a corpora- 
tion for "the establishing and maintaining in the city of Water- 
ville a band and orchestra." The incorporators were : Frank 
Redington.Dr. J. F. Hill, Cyrus W. Davis, C. F. Johnson, Geo. K. 
Boutelle, H. E. Judkins, R. B. Hall, F. C. Thayer, G. F. Terry, 
W. T. Haines and C. B. Stetson. The officers of the corporation 
were : President, Dr. J- F. Flill ; vice-president, Frank Reding- 
ton ; clerk, Cyrus \\\ Davis.; treasurer, Geo. K. Boutelle: man- 
ager, R. B. Hall. The corporation pays the salary of Prof. Hall 
and for the services of the members of the band and receives the 
earnings. It exi.sts. however, not for the purpose of making 
money, but for the support of a band that will be a credit to the 
city, as Hall's Military Band and orchestra certainly are. For 
several years the city has employed the band to give open air con- 
certs in Monument Park during the summer. The music ren- 
dered at the school and college commencements is of a high order, 



4IO HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

and that rendered at the Centennial was much appreciated and 
enjoyed. Prof. Hall's reputation as conductor and composer has 
constantly widened, and the band has come to be an institution 
whicli the citv could not well do without. 



THE CECILIA CLVV. 

The Cecilia Club would record not as matter of boasting, but as 
plain statement of historical fact that it was not organized to join 
the Maine Festival Chorus, but was already in existence when 
the festival movement was inaugurated. It owes its existence to 
the persistent labors of Mrs. George F. Davies and Mrs. Frank 
B. Hubbard, who secured nineteen persons who were organized 
as the Cecilia Club, October 15, 1896. The officers elected were: 
W. C. Philbrook, president ; Elwood T. Wyman, vice-president ; 
Mrs. George F. Davies, secretary and treasurer. The directors 
were: Mrs. Frank B. Hubbard, Miss Ella Downer, ]\riss Susie 
Fogarty, Mrs. J- H. Knox and Mrs. George A. Kenniston. 

The club was small and heroic labors devolved upon its 
officers, yet such was their success that after joining the Maine 
Festival Chorus in January, 1897, and careful training under 
Prof. George Pratt Maxim, with a full chorus of eighty voices it 
sang in the Bangor Festival in October, 1897. During the same 
year two successful concerts were given. Prof. Carlton B. 
.Stetson became president of the club in 1898, continuing in 
efficient leadership until his resignation in 1902. Miss Nellie 
Webber (now Mrs. Dr. M. L. Eastman) was the first pianist. 
After her removal from the city, Mrs. Franklin W. Johnson was 
elected, and has already given three years of work characterized 
by sympathetic insight as well as accurate and brilliant per- 
formance. Prof. Maxim conducted the club for three seasons 
with great fidelity and success. His successor was Prof. Llew- 
ellyn B. Cain of this city, whose work and ability were such as to 
secure more flattering offers from Portland and other cities 
which led to his withdrawal. The present conductor is Dr. 
Latham True of Portland. The club has participated in each of 
the Maine Musical Festivals, and has given concerts in the city 
which have been greatly enjoyed. It has rendered aid on several 
patriotic occasions and its singing was one of the features of the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 4II 

Centennial celebration. It has been fortunate in its officers and 
directors. Mrs. Davies who has given so much of thought and 
labor to its interests served as secretary until 1901 when ill health 
caused her to resign. A great deal of strength has been contri- 
buted to the club by its Fairfield members. The present mem- 
bership of the club is about eighty. 

Its officers are : president, vacant ; vice-president, Franklin W. 
Johnson ; secretary, Mr. Joseph T. Murray of Fairfield ; treas- 
urer, Miss Blanche Smith : conductor. Dr. Latham True 
pianist, Mrs. Franklin W. Johnson. Directors : Mrs. Frank B. 
Hubbard, Miss Ella Downer, Mrs. George F. Davis, Miss Eliza- 
beth Connor of Fairfield and Mrs. Edbert Kelley of Fairfield. 
The Cecilia club holds high place in the esteem of the people 
though perhaps it never will attain the popularity possessed by 
"The singing school kept at Col. ?Iayden's" in 1795. 

GARFIELD CAAIP, NO. I, SONS OF VETERANS. 

This camp has the distinction of being the first camp of the 
order organized in New England. It was organized by General 
Isaac S. Bangs who was the organizer of the New England 
grand division of the order. Its charter was granted Mar. 20, 
18S8. Its object was similar to those of the Grand Army and 
though it cannot look back to comradeship in days of battle, yet by 
holding up the same ideals of patriotism, and keeping fresh the 
memory of those who gave the service of their lives to the Union, 
it will hold an important place among the patriotic forces of the 
future. 

The first captain of Garfield camp was Dennis M. Bangs, son 
of General Bangs. His successors have been, Lewis Pollard, 
Ellery Vose, J. D. Reynolds, E. B. Dunbar, Robert Reny, Joseph 
C. Colby, who has served several terms, James Coombs, Irving 
Barnes, Charles Frazier, Geo. B. Jackson and Frank W. Gowan. 
The present officers are: capt. Frank W. Gowan; ist lieut., 
vacant; 2nd lieut., Belmont Jordan; chaplain, T. E. Vose; q. m. 
sergt., W. J. Leathers ; ist. sergt., Charles W. Frost ; camp coun- 
cil, Herbert L. Simpson, Willard Tucker, T. E. Vose. The 
camp enrolls 51 men. A Ladies Aid society of Garfield camp 
No. I, society No. to, was chartered June 10, 1892. 



412 HISTORY OF WATERV ILLE. 

COMPANY II, 2X1) RICGTMENT, NATIONAL GUAKD, STATE OF MAINE. 

Company H was organized Nov. lo, 1880. Capt. A. T. Shurt- 
leff was a charter member and has remained with the company 
through its entire history. Many of the men connected with it 
have become prominent in the civil life and work of the commu- 
nity. May 2nd, 1898, Co. H answered the first call for troops 
and went with a full company to Augusta. As the second regi- 
ment was not sent out Co. H as a company returned home but so 
many of its members enlisted in the first regiment and in the first 
Maine artillery that the company was almost disorganized. It 
has the honor of having sent more men into the Spanish and 
Philippine wars than did any other company in the State of 
Maine. Several of the men who enlisted did not reside in Water- 
ville but they belonged to the Waterville organization. The roll 
of the men who served in the Spanish war as given by Lieutenant 
William I. Sterling is as follows : 

/;; the First Maine Infantry — Laus Berg, Fred F. Burgess, 
George F. Doe, Forrest I. Oilman, Walter Hand, George W. 
Herrin, Irving R. Hughes, Joseph F. King, Axel Lidstrom, 
Edward R. Penney, Allen L. Penney, Trefflie Pomerleau, 
William I. Pooler, Ogra Pooler, Wirt I. Priest, Archie Simpson, 
Harold A. Sinclair, Elroy W. Thompson, John C. Tripp, Arthur 
F. Sheaff, John A. Sjogren, Henry L. Winslow. 

In the First Maine ArfiHery — Joseph T. Allen, Harley E. 
Avery, Benj. F. Auchu, Leon A. Bachelder, Alec Barnabee, 
Ernest A. Barnes, Richard J. Barry, Jr., Nelson Bennet, Joseph 
Butler, Henry E. Buzzell, Charles L. Cabana, Frank Charity, 
Mathias Champagne, Augustus Coomb, James J. Conway, Frank 
B. Crosby, Ralph W. Davis, James W. Dutton. Frank B. Farmer, 
Harry Fenson, William Ferguson, Ralph H. Foster, Joseph 
Franconer, Richard E. Furlong, Jr., LaForest E. Graves, Arthur 
Greenwood, Joseph A. Gurney, Fred E. Hall, Samuel J. Jakins, 
Charles W. Keniston, Harry P. Lancaster, Frank C. Latlip, 
Edward Lessor, Llewellyn M. Libby, Howard M. McFarland, 
William J. McLellan, Edmund W. Merrill, Albert F. Merrow, 
Thomas F. Moore, Frank F. Perry, David B. Pooler, Fred E. 
Pooler, Harry Pooler, Hadley D. Rhodes, Albert G. Ryan, 
Ardacton Smith, Onesime Soucier, \\ illiam I. Sterling, Herbert 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 413 

A. Taylor, Daniel H. Thing', Albert J. Thomas, Joseph Vigue, 
Joseph D. Volier, Sargie L. Warren, Edward \Mllette. 

After the Spanish war about fifteen men of Co. H followed the 
flag in the Philippines. 

On the return of the men who had been furloughed to join the 
battery, the company was reunited and recruited to its 
full strength in 1899. Its drill has been in Thayer's 
hall but since the completion of the City hall the base- 
ment of the old City hall has been fitted up for an 
armory and drill will be in the main hall. The company was 
never in better condition than at present (1902). Capt. A. T. 
Shurtleff is now the senior captain in the National Guard, State 
of Maine. The other officers are: 1st lieut. Joseph H. White- 
house; 2nd lieut. William I. Sterling; 1st sergeant, Charles W. 
Keniston ; quarter master sergeant, Harry L. Hughes ; 2nd ser- 
geant, Horace E. Moore ; 3rd sergeant, John P. Sibley ; 4th ser- 
geant, Percy W. Hawes ; 5th sergeant, William O. Stinson ; 1st 
corporal, Herbert L. Simpson ; 2nd corporal, John L. Swift ; 3rd 
corporal, Perley A. Emery ; 4th corporal, Harry L. Gordon ; 5th 
corporal, John A. L. Terrio ; 6th corporal, William McKague ; 
7th corporal and cook, Charles Cabana ; musicians, Geo. E. Dow, 
Arthur K. Strout. 

Corporal Perley A. Emery and others are already vet- 
erans of two wars and yet like all the members of Co. H are 
loyal soldiers of the National Guard. Co. H in 1900 won the 
first prize in the regimental shoot and thus the championship of 
the State. In the matter of rounds fired at preliminary practice 
it is far ahead of the other companies in the State. 

THE WATERVILLE BICYCLE CLUB. 

From the interest created by an invitation to the wheelmen of 
Waterville to participate in the parade on Columbus Day, 1892, 
sprang the Waterville Wheel club. The club was organized 
November 19, 1892, in Masonic block with eight charter mem- 
bers. The officers elected were A. B. Cook, president, F. B. 
Gardner, vice-president and H. E. Davidson, secretary and treas- 
urer. Of the charter members, only H. E. Davidson and F. B. 
Gardner remain, but the club membership has increased slowly 
but steadily from the first until now with nearly seventy members 



414 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

it can claim to be the largest bicycle club in the State (with pos- 
sibly one exception). Orange and black were adopted as club 
colors and the orange and black monogram (W. B. C.) has 
became familiar to wheelmen all over the State. The club has 
very pleasant rooms occupying the whole of one floor of Boutelle 
block corner Main and Temple streets. These rooms are used 
for club business and social purposes but neither gambling nor 
liquors ever have been allowed within them. The present officers 
of the club are Leslie P. Loud, president, John Suttie, vice-presi- 
dent and captain, A. W. Stevens, secretary and C. F. Miller, 
treasurer.^ 

THE WATER\"ILLE GUN CLUB. 

The Waterville gun club was organized in 1892 by a few men 
who were fond of shooting, the first shoots of the club being held 
in Burleigh field where dwelling houses are now numerous. A 
club house was built on land of Frank Chase in the western part 
of the city the second year, and was later moved to the high hill 
on Drummond avenue, and later from there to its present location 
in the southern part of the city. 

The five-man team representing the club shot at the state tour- 
naments with indifferent success until 1897 when at Richmond it 
won the state championship. The team consisted of Sidney A. 
Green, Samuel L. Prebble, Walter E. Reid, Elwood T. Wyman 
and Andrew Merrill. The same team, with the substitution of 
Wesley Getchell for Merrill, defended the title in 1898, but lost 
to Auburn in 1899. In 1901, the Waterville team made up of 
Messrs. Green, Preble, Reid, William H. Stobie and Dana P. 
Foster, again won the championship of the State. 

The club has also furnished the State champion in the indi- 
vidual match three times, Walter E. Reid having won it once, 
and Samuel L. Preble twice. No other club in Maine has fur- 
nished so many shooters of acknowledged skill. 

The club officers are Samuel L. Preble, president, Dana P. 
Foster, secretary, and J. A. Davison, treasurer. 

1. The above facts concerning the bicycle club were kindly furnished by Mr. 11. 
B. Uolland. for many years a member of the club. Editous. 



CHAPTER XXI. 



THE PRESENT BUSINESS OF WATERVILLE; 
SOME COMPARISONS WITH THE PAST AND 
A GLANCE INTO THE FUTURE BUSINESS 
CONDITIONS. 

By Frank REDiNfiTON. 

When W^aterville became incorporated as a town, she had but 
few manufactories and not many merchants. Her financial tran- 
sactions were, of course, very Hmited. Money in those days was 
a very scarce article, and barter and exchange were the rule. 
Here on the banks of the Kennebec had gathered a small colony 
of people, striving hard to make a living out of the soil and turn 
an honest penny by felling and clearing the forests, and convert- 
ing the logs into lumber by means of the very limited processes 
then known to man. 

Here lay one of the most beautiful spots in all the States of the 
Union. Nature had been lavish of her gifts and seemed to have 
scattered them about in great profusion for the hand of man to 
pick up and transform into things of service and of welfare to 
himself. The beautiful fall of water on the Kennebec river, 
named by the Indians Ticonic, or Teconnet, came dashing and 
laughing over the great ledge, and needed only the hand and 
brain of man to transform it into a means of wealth. It seemed 
to say : "Here ani I. Come and take me ; use me to thy purposes 
and for thy advancement and elevation. I will add to thy com- 
fort, to thy wealth, and to thy happiness." And then it quietly 
sped away to the great mother ocean, leaving a silence broken 
only by the sound of the woodsman's axe as he toiled to provide 
a home for himself and familv. 



4l6 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

The great forest which tlnen covered tlie land in all directions 
dared the pioneer to a contest of endurance and privation. But 
I will leave the history of this to other hands better prepared than 
my own to set forth the record of these early days, and will pro- 
ceed to the consideration of the financial and business standing- 
of the city at the present time, after giving a brief abstract of the 
rapid growth of the old town since the locating of the Lockwood 
Cotton Mill on the west bank of the Kennebec. 

THE LOCKWOOD COMP.\NY. 

The manufacturing industries of Waterville are of great 
importance, as can readily be seen by a glance at the statistics 
given in connection with this article. Thirty years ago, the town 
lay almost dormant ; a lethargy pervaded all her activities ; a few 
only of the older industries remained. It looked as if she had 
reached her limit of greatness and was soon to sink into a slow 
but sure decay. Then came the change. The Lockwood Cotton 
Mill, established in 1875, gave a boom to all interests ; the citizens 
awakened, rubbed their eyes and sat erect ; real estate changed 
hands ; an influx of new energy seemed to vibrate and pulsate 
through the veins of old Waterville. From that time to the 
present, she has moved steadily forward, and bids fair to continue 
upon her onward course for an indefinite period. 

The second Lockwood Mill was built in 1882, and this mor'^ 
than doubled the number of employes, and consequently gave a 
renewed impetus to all kinds and classes of financial interests. 

At this time, we had but few other manufactories of import- 
ance. There were several smaller industries, such as the old 
shank factory, which was located where the one-time paper mill 
had stood ; and the Webber & Haviland foundry, oldest of Wat- 
erville's present industries, which had been a landmark for years : 
the Crommett's Mills saw mill, and the Furbush sash and blind 
factory, together with the Ricker tannery and the old match fac- 
tory. One other industry deserves mention at this time. This 
is the Hathaway shirt factory. Every old resident of Water- 
ville will readily bring to mind Charles F. Hathaway and his 
characteristics, his tract-distributing proclivities and his deeds of 
charity. The old factory still exists, but has been much enlarged 
and modernized. It is now in the control of Mr. C. A. Leighton, 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE:. 4I7 

who has brought the business up to its present high standard. 
The old railroad repair shops were at this time located near the 
Maine Central freight depot, and employed a few good mechan- 
ics. The neighboring towns of Oakland, Fairfield and North 
Vassalboro did a renumerative business in a diversity of manu- 
factures. Oakland employed a large number of people in mak- 
ing edge tools, Fairfield in the lumber interest, and North Vas- 
salboro in the woolen industry. These all contributed to Water- 
ville's mercantile interests and helped to fill the cofifers of her 
thrifty business men. 



THE HOI.LIXGSWORTH ,<(: WHITNEY CO. 

Second in order of importance among the present manufactur- 
ing interests of Waterville is the Hollingsworth & Whitney Pulp 
Mill, located on the east bank of the Kennebec, in Winslow, oppo- 
site ihe college buildings. This is not actually a Waterville 
industry, but her mercantile interests are subserved by this great 
plant, employing as it does some 675 hands, largely skilled 
mechanics, at good wages. It is obvious to all that the distri- 
bution of money from this source is a great help to W^aterville, 
and it is confidently expected that this plant will soon be much 
enlarged. 

'These mills, known as the Taconnet, Alohegan, and Algonquin, 
are but one plant of several owned and operated by the company ; 
the others being the Cobbossee and the Aroostook mills at Gar- 
diner, Maine. The company is everywhere known as one of the 
oldest, strongest, most conservative, and yet most thoroughly 
up to date pulp and paper manufacturing corporations in the 
country. Its officers are : Chas. A. Dean, president ; Edward B. 
Eaton, treasurer ; W'aldo E. Pratt, vice-president ; M. L. Mad- 
den, assistant manager ; H. E. Fales, assistant treasurer ; F. E. 
Boston, manager of mills ; W. H. Stobie, superintendent of mills ; 
H. W. Vaughan, New York sales agent ; N. G. Torrey, purchas- 
ing agent. The main office of the company is located in the Dean 
building at 60 India street, Boston, ]Mass., and the New York 
office at 309 Broadway. 

The Taconnet and IMohegan mills were erected in 1892, and 
the Algonquin Sulphite Fibre mill in 1899. The principal build- 

27 



4l8 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ings of the plant are of brick, resting upon granite foundations. 
The product of the Taconnet paper mill is loo tons of Manila 
paper daily ; the product of the Mohegan pulp mill is 50 tons of 
mechanical pulp daily, and the product of the Algonquin Sul- 
phite Fibre mill 60 tons daily. A printing plant, with a large 
number of presses and a stereotyping outfit, is included in the 
thorough equipment of the establishment, which prints all kinds 
of wrapping paper for customers. 

The shipping facilities of the mills are ample, a double S)-stem 
of spur tracks of the Maine Central railroad running to the doors 
of the mills and storehouses. Shipments are thus made easily 
and promptly. The concern sells to dealers in paper only. Both 
steam and water power are used for running the mills, the Ken- 
nebec river furnishing about 5,000 h. p., 3,000 h. p. of steam and 
about 1,000 h. p. of electricity are also employed. The company 
gives employment at its Winslow plant to about 675 men, the 
average of whose wages is high, their earnings forming an 
important part of the money monthly placed in circulation in this 
vicinity. The average monthly pay-roll of the mills amounts to 
about $30,000. The company owns large townships of timber 
land where they cut most of their annual supply of pulp wood. 
It is said that these townships, regardless of other sources of sup- 
ply, would furnish the Taconnet mills with pulp wood enough to 
keep them running for at least fifteen years. The relations exist- 
ing between the corporation and its employes have always been 
exceedingly pleasant. 

The new, well equipped Taconnet club house is an example of 
the interest the Hollingsworth & Whitney Company has always 
shown in the comfort and pleasure of the people in its employ. 

The company has built and furnished this club house, and 
admits to its use all employes without charge. The house is 
managed by an association of the employes who charge a small 
sum for billiards, pool and bowling, such receipts being used for 
the benefit of entertainments. 

There is a comfortable library with about 3000 volumes and all 
the leading magazines and daily and weekly papers ; a billiard 
room with two billiard tables and two pool tables ; two bowling 
alleys and a very complete gymnasium ; smoking room with good 
comfortable chairs and card tables; a large hall for entertain- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 419 

ments and meetings ; and there are toilet rooms with shower 
baths. 

The house is pleasantly situated on high ground, overlook- 
ing the Kennebec and the City of Waterville. It has large 
piazzas and abundant grounds. 

A resting place like this, kept clean and orderly, with varied 
means of amusement, and open to all well behaved of the people 
employed, is profitable both to the company and its employees. 

In other places there are some such club houses supported and 
managed by the employes ; but some wage earners do not feel like 
devoting any part of their pay to such purposes, so all do not 
enjoy the use of the club. By true and faithful service men have 
earned the good will of the company ; they have also earned the 
comfort they get out of this house. 

The total cost of the building, grounds, etc., amounts to about 
$20,000.00. The estimated cost of maintaining this establish- 
ment is about $2500.00 per year. 

Twenty years ago the president of this company arranged to 
make stockholders of the men who were to direct the work of the 
various branches of its business, and to-day a very large amount 
of its stock is owned by the active working men, in amounts from 
ten to four hundred and fifty shares each, and all paid for out of 
their earnings and dividends. The loyal and faithful service of 
these men has been of great assistance to the company, which 
during this time has doubled its capital and increased its business 
to five times its volume of twenty years ago. 



MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD. 

Another large corporation within our limits employing skilled 
mechanics to a good number, is the Maine Central Railroad 
Company. Its repair shops have been a source of much benefit 
to Waterville's business interests since the railroad first entered 
our borders. Within a comparatively few years these works 
have been vastly increased and now have taken on an importance 
second only to the Lockwood Company in their money value to 
Waterville, speaking of them as a strictly Waterville industry. 
Appended is a statement of its present status, containing also 
comparative figures for the years 1879 and 1901. 



420 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

The railroad company employs many men outside of these 
shops, such as engineers, firemen, trackmen, conductors, train 
men, etc., who make their homes in Watcrville and contribute 
largely to her prosperity. 

Those who are familiar with the past may compare the figures 
given below with those of an earlier period of our history. 

Maine Central Freight Business for IVatcrviUc. 

1901. 1879. 

Gross 
Tons. Krt. Clmrges. Tons. Frt. Charges. 

Freight received ■'^9.307 8118,003.62 3,885 $14,724.62 

Freight forwarded 51,991 100,870.41 8,492 22,743.94 

Included in the freight business for 1901 is all the business 
done at Watcrville and W'inslow by the Hollingswortli & Whit- 
ney Co. 

Tickets. 

1901. 1879. 

No. Pass. Gross Amount. No. Pass. Amount. 

83,995 $81,610 98 17.831 $18,482 69 

This company received over its road and unloaded at Watcr- 
ville for its use 30.937 tons, or 1237 cars averaging 25 tons 
each of bituminous coal for locomotives and shop use. 

There are approximately 320 cars, freight and passenger, 
repaired at Waterville shops each month, making a total for the 
year of 3840 cars. Last year about 55 locomotives went through 
the shops for general repairs. There were built at Waterville 
shops during the year ending June 30, 1901, 16 flat cars, 5 passen- 
ger, mail and baggage cars, and one caboose car. 

Note. Mr. F. E. Boothby, a native ot Waterville and ever loyal to ber interests, 
now Mayor of Portland and General Passenger and Ticket Agent of the Maine 
Central Railroad Company, is entitled to our thanlfs for the statement of the Rail- 
road's Waterville business as given above. 

In connection with the history of the Maine Central Railroad from its 
entrance into Waterville, it should be mentioned tliat our fellow townsman, Mr. 
William Bodge, was acting as brakeman on the first freight that came into the 
town, Dec. 7, 1849. His brother, Alniaren Bodgo. was conductor on the first i)as- 
senger train, Dec. fi, 1849, and Marshall liarrelle was conductor on the first train 
out of Waterville. Mr. William Bodge is the only living citizen of Waterville 
who was then In the employ of the railroad company. He served the company 
as brakeman only a few months, was then promoted to the position of baggage 
master, and shortly after to that of conductor, which position he filled until 
about two years ago, retiring with a service of nearly fifty years to his credit. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 421 

The average number of men employed at Waterville shops is 
250. They receive approximately $14,000 per month. In addi- 
tion to this, about $16,000 is paid to employes other than shop- 
men, making a total of $360,000 a year paid to employes at 
Waterville. The estimated value of manufactured products at 
Waterville shops for a year is $355,000, including the entire cost 
of repairing all cars and locomotives. 

Waterville yard has three miles of main line and twelve miles 
of side track ; with a capacity of 1252 cars. 



THE WISC.\SSET, WATER\'ir.r.E AND FARMINGTON RAILROAD. 

Very soon we shall have a new railroad line, extending from 
the Rangeley Lakes to the sea, having its southern terminus at 
the large and deep harbor in the historic old town of Wiscasset. 
This road, while a narrow gauge, will be, to some extent, a com- 
peting line with the Maine Central, and will operate to the advan- 
tage of shippers of merchandise. It will make Waterville a bill- 
ing point and cause a concentration of railroad interests in our 
city. This little road, commencing in Wiscasset, wends its way 
through the fertile valleys of central Maine, connecting the towns 
of Wiscasset, Sheepscot, Alna Centre, Head Tide, Whitefield, 
Preble's, North Whitefield, Cooper's Mills, Maxey's Weeks' 
Mills, Newel's Palermo, Cole's China, South China, East Vas- 
salboro, North Vassalboro, Winslow, Albion and South Albion, 
on the east, and Oakland, Smithfield, Rome, Mercer, New 
Sharon, Farmington, Phillips and the Rangeley region, on the 
west : and Waterville is in the centre of this chain of municipali- 
ties and has the further advantage of being the largest and most 
prosperous. It follows, as a natural consequence, that the great 
amount of business flowing from these well-to-do farming and 
manufacturing communities will gravitate to this city. 

The personnel of the company is as follows: L. Atwood, presi- 
dent ; G. P. Farley, vice-president ; F. B. Hubbard, superinten- 
dent; J. H. Gould, treasurer. This road has about forty-two 
miles of track laid and is already doing business and running 
trains on schedule time. 



422 HISTORY OF \VATER\1LLE. 



TIIF. RIVKRVIRW WORSTED MILLS. 

The Rivcrvicw \\'orsted Mills is among the new but very 
important industries. It was founded in 1900 by ]Mr. Thomas 
Sampson, who had had a long and successful experience in 
woolen manufacturing and was largely interested in the mills at 
North Vassalboro until they were sold to the American Woolen 
Company. Mr. Sampson associated with him some of the lead- 
ing business men of the city and the enterprise was a success 
from the start. Soon it became necessary to enlarge the mills 
and a second enlargement is in process which will increase the 
number of operatives to about three hundred, and the pay-roll to 
$150,000 per year. Only goods of a high grade are manu- 
factured. 

THE H.\TnAWAY SHIRT FACTORY. 

The Hathaway Shirt Factory employs 150 hands, and has a 
pay-roll of $60,000 per annum. The building has been enlarged 
recently, is finely equipped and has place on the highest list of 
such manufactories. 

THE .SAWYER PUBLISHING COMPANY. 

The Sawyer Publishing Company, perhaps, comes next in the 
number of employes, and is of far-reaching importance to our 
city, employing as it does a large number of young ladies, who 
are thus enabled to earn a livelihood without going from home. 
It employs hands to the number of 100; its pay-roll is $48,000. 
Its business is the publication of "mail order" papers and maga- 
zines. 

THE WATERVILLE IRON WORKS. 

In speaking of the next industry — the Waterville Iron Works 
— it may be in order to state that it, the oldest of our industries, 
in common with nearly all which were once located on the banks 
of the beautiful Messalonskee, has taken up its abode elsewhere. 
The location of the Waterville Iron Works is now at the "Head 
of the Falls," and the proprietors, Messrs. Webber & Philbrick, 
are doing a thriving business. They have a foundry department 
and a department of machinery. Most of the machinery con- 



HISTORY OF WATIvKVII.LE. 423 

structed is for mills, especially for pulp mills. They employ an 
average of thirty-four hands, have a pay-roll of $16,800. 

THE WHlTTE.MORIv FURNITURE COMPANY. 

The Whittemore Furniture Company is a comparatively new 
industry, having been established a little over two years. Its 
business is the manufacture of couches, lounges, Morris chairs, 
etc. It employs from fifteen to twenty-five hands, according to 
the season. It has an annual pay-roll of about $9,600. It has 
been enlarged in igo2 and its future growth is only a matter of 
time. 

In the embryo state is a woolen mill, now building, erected by 
the Chase Manufacturing Company on the Messalonskee, at the 
Crommett's Mills bridge. This will employ about twenty hands, 
and will be a one-set mill, having a water power of 60 h. p. It 
will have a stimulating efifect on our mercantile affairs. 



THE WATERVU.LE STOVE FOUNDRY. 

The Waterville Stove Foundry on Chaplin street, is one of our 
desirable manufacturing establishments, employing twenty hands, 
and having a good pay-roll. The men are skilled in their work 
and command high wages. 



THE JAYNES CREAAIERY COMPANY. 

The Jaynes Creamery Company, located on Toward street, was 
organized in December, 1899, with ten thousand dollars capital; 
Amos F. Gerald, president, and R. F. Jaynes, treasurer. It has 
three hundred patrons among the farmers. It has a branch at 
Thorndike. This company pays annually, fifty thousand dollars 
to the farmers. The company sends 5,000 gallons of cream, 
monthly, to Boston. It handles also butter and cheese in large 
quantities. Ten hands are employed by this corporation. 

Wesley Fitzgerald, on upper College avenue, employs several 
hands in jobbing in wood work. He has a large machine plant. 

A. P. Emery does some business in the tanning of sheepskins, 
which he has carried on for vears. 



424 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Many of onr citizens are unaware of what is being clone in the 
line of bee culture by Mr. F. F. Graves. The city of Waterville 
consumes, annually, from six to eight tons of honey ; about five 
tons are produced by city bred bees, and of this amount Mr. 
Graves raises four and one-half tons, which sells at an average of 
fifteen cents per pound, or a total of $1,275. 



THE WATERVILLE & FAIRFIELD RAILWAY AND LIGHT COMPANY. 

The Waterville & Fairfield Railway and Light Company, while 
not perhaps to be classed as a manufacturing plant, yet does man- 
ufacture one of the greatest, most dangerous and least understood 
products — if it is a product — of these strenuous times. It does 
all it can to turn night into day and to control the elements for 
man's advancement and emancipation. It furnishes electric 
lights for our homes, stores, factories and streets. It also sup- 
plies power for many of our other plants, viz. : the Worsted Mill, 
a part of the Hollingsvvorth & Whitney Go's, mills, the Water- 
ville Iron Works, and many others. The electric railway is a 
part of this plant and brings into and carries out of Waterville, 
517,895 passengers per year. This electric road is in itself of 
vast and incalculable importance to Waterville's financial inter- 
ests. Take away this road and you would take from onr mer- 
chants a good percentage of business. The extension of this 
railroad is eagerly looked forward to by the citizens, not only 
for the accommodation it would aft'ord but because it would add 
to our monetary advantage. 

This company employs thirty-eight hands, and has a pay-roll 
of $20,000. It has 1,000 h. p. water and 500 h. p. steam. It 
operates four and three-quarters miles of track, located in Fair- 
field and Waterville. It runs its cars every half hour from six 
A. M to ten V. M., and made, last year. 1 1.765 trips. The com- 
pany could develop 1,000 h. p. more from its present control- 
ment. 

THE UNION G.-\S AND ELECTRIC COMPANY. 

The Union Gas and Electric Company, owned by Mr. Spauld- 
ing of Boston, is managed from the office of the Waterville & 
Fairfield Railway and Light Co. It is a plant constructed by 
Frank Chase on the lower Messalonskee, just below the site of 



HISTORY OF WATfiRVILLE- 425 

the old Webber & Haviland foundry. It has a capacity of 1,500 
h. p., water, and uses at present about half of its full power. It 
is equipped for electric lighting and motor power and is of very 
even and steadv force. 



THE MKSS.M.ONSKEE ELECTRIC COMPANY. 

The Messalonskee Electric Company is a newly organized 
tlectrical corporation which, bids fair to have a successful future. 
Its employes, at present, are seven in number and it has an 
innual pay-roll of $4,500. It is sure to grow, and its growth 
can but prove to Waterville's advantage. At present it holds 
the contract for the street lighting in the citv. 



THE WATERX'H.I.E BEEF COMPANY. 

The Waterville Beef Company, owned and controlled by 
Armour & Company, is an innovation on the old method of sup- 
plying our meat markets. Most of the meats which we get now 
come from Chicago in refrigerator cars, and are distributed from 
stations in different cities of the State. This company has a 
plant here, located beside the Maine Central track, and unloads 
from the car direct to its refrigerator. It has a substantial brick 
building, especially adapted to its uses. As a distributing centre 
for this business, Waterville is one of the best in the State. This 
company employs five hands, but is of much importance to our 
business interests. It does a business of $200,000 per year ; 
handling over six c.irloads per month. 

THE AMERICAN EXPRESS CO.MPANV AND HOYT's EXPRESS 
CO.MPANY. 

The American Express Company and Hoyt's Express Com- 
pany are both doing a large and increasing business. 

THE NEW ENGLAND TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY. 

The New England Telephone and Telegraph Company first 
located in Waterville in 1880. It has now (June, 1902) 439 
instruments in use with a constantly increasing business. It is 
safe to sav that no business man in Waterville or elsewhere gets 



426 HISTORY OF WATKRVILLE. 

SO much for his money from any other modern convenience as he 
does from his telephone connection. 



THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY. 

The Standard Oil Company has had a branch of its business 
established here for nearly thirteen years. It handles for Water- 
ville and vicinity over 300,000 gallons of oil per year and repre- 
sents a business value of from $30,000 to $35,000. It has its 
plant beside the railroad track, just west of the Whittemore Fur- 
niture Company. It unloads direct from car to storage tanks. 
The company sells to jobbers and large consumers only. 

NEV/Sr-APEKS. 

The Mail Publishing Company is a corporation which docs a 
large printing business in addition to issuing the daily and weekly 
editions of the W^aterville Mail. It employes from fourteen to 
twenty hands and has an annual pay-roll of about $5,800. 

The W. AL Ladd Company is another large printing concern. 
It also publishes the Waterville Sentinel — a semi-weekly paper. 
It employs an average of twelve hands and has a pay-roll of 
$5,668 annually. 

THE Cri'Y GKEENHOi:SES. 

Several years ago ''Uncle Wendell" had a small greenhouse 
on Front street, where he, a true lover of flowers, cultivated and 
sold, in limited quantities, both cut flowers and potted plants. 
He maintained this establishment for some time, but at length 
the worker and the work disappeared. 

Later, Amos C. Stark established a small greenhouse in con- 
nection with his residence on IMain street, where he gave special 
attention to the cultivation of potted plants and, in the spring, 
of seedlings, both vegetable and floral, and bedding plants. He 
also did quite a business in filling urns for the cemetery. But 
failing health has compelled him to abandon the work entirely. 

It remained for the firm of II. R. Mitchell & Son to build up 
in Waterville the florist business on a scale in any way commen- 
surate with the growing business of our city and with the 
demands of an industry which has developed into mammoth pro- 
portions in the country during the last twenty-five years. 



HISTORY OF WATBRVILLE. 427 

In the fall of 1896, H. R. Mitchell, who had been a pastor of 
Baptist churches for over twenty years, and his son, Frank H., 
who left a good position in a bank, bought quite a section of 
land on the south side of Highwood street, and erected a large 
greenhouse. 

The patronage of the people of W'aterville has been constant 
and heart)'. The new firm soon discovered that they must have 
more room ; so the next summer they erected two more houses, 
more than doubling their capacity. Trade continued to increase, 
and the firm began to .-^end their goods to surrounding towns, 
establishing agencies in many of the thriving villages in Ken- 
nebec, Somerset and even Penobscot counties. 

The building and equipping of new houses has been almost 
constant imtil they have now one of the largest and best equipped 
florist establishments in }\Iaine. They have about 14,000 square 
feet of glass, and the greenhouses and other buildings connected 
with them cover nearly a third of an acre of ground. They ship 
their goods to all parts of the State and even to other states ; 
their shipping facilities being absolutely the best in Maine. 

THE WATERVILLE POST-OFI'ICE. 

The Waterville Post-office has kept pace with the growth of 
the city. The present incumbent, Mr. W. M. Dunn, is one of the 
most efiicient postmasters the city has ever had. His ability is 
acknowledged by all, and the public are highly pleased with the 
treatment accorded them and the manner in which the business 
of the office is conducted. Mr. Dunn served as postmaster four 
years under President Hayes' administration. When Grover 
Cleveland was elected President, F. L. Thayer was appointed to 
the position, and Mr. Dunn was again appointed when President 
Harrison came into power, and has served since, to the -entire 
satisfaction of all concerned. Mr. J. F. Larrabee, the assistant 
postmaster, comes in for a full share of the public approval. 

Note. A curious custom of the oldtime post office is noted In tlie Chaplin MS. 
The postmaster after arranging the mail would tap on the table for silence. The 
people Tvho thronged the office -would then keep measurably quiet while the post 
master in a loud voice read the names upon the letters received. The letters were 
then passed from hand to hand to their owners. This process sometimes was 
the occasion of considerable mirth and sometimes, as in the suspense which fol- 
lowed the rumored death of Lieuttnont Moor, it showed the quick sympathy of 
the townsmen. 



428 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

The office force now consists of seven clerks, five carriers and 
one substitute. This office does a business of $40,000 a 3'ear, 
and it is only a matter of a short time when it will be numbered 
among the first-class offices. 



ELMWOOD HOTEL. 

Among the hotels of Waterville the first established and by far 
the largest is the Elmwood. Its location, equipment and man- 
agement are unsurpassed. A recent addition made necessary by 
the increasing business, has made the capacity of the house one 
hundred and fifty rooms. To the success of the hotel during the 
last twelve years the proprietor, Mr. Henry E. Judkins and his 
wife, have contributed the best qualities of host and hostess. 

The Bay View Hotel with forty rooms and the Park with 
twenty-five, are located on Main street and do a good business. 



BUSINESS BLOCKS. 

One can readily see that all these industries which have been 
mentioned must necessarily create a demand for merchants, 
shops, stores, doctors, lawyers, ministers, and humanity's crea- 
tions and inventions, in nearly all varieties. And we have in 
Waterville all of the above in large measure. 

Our stores are much better than the average throughout the 
State; our merchants are thrifty, yet generous; and our stocks 
and stores are large and commodious enough to supply the 
demands of :i city much larger than Waterville now is. We 
have approximately 150 stores in this city. Many of our mer- 
chants are now housed in splendid brick blocks, among which 
are the Soper, Clukey, Peavy, Masonic, Haines, Plaisted, Bur- 
leigh, Hanson, Webber & Dunham, Redington, Arnold, \\'are, 
Milliken, Elden, Boutelle. Flood and Pulsifer blocks ; the Ticonic 
Bank, the Peoples' Bank and the Savings Bank blocks : all of 
which contribute toward beautifying our streets and enlarging 
our business interests. A new Savings Bank block is to be soon 
built at the comer of Main and Appleton streets, and is to be the 
best block in the city. Its cost, as planned for, is something 
over $50,000. 



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HISTORY OF WATERVILI.E. 429 

It may be of interest to the older one-time citizens of Water- 
ville, now located elsewhere, to mention some of the changes that 
have taken place. 

Beginning at the lower end of Main street, the old Ticonic 
block still stands, without external change. The first modern 
brick building, as you go north, is the Alilliken block, which took 
the place of the old Waterville Savings Rank. On the opposite 
corner at the junction of Main and Silver streets, where used to 
stand the old wooden building owned by the Kimball heirs and 
occupied by David Gallert as a dry goods store, and including 
the next building that was owned by Joseph Nudd and rented for 
a saloon for years, now stands a splendid block, three stories, and 
modern in all respects. This block is of brick, trimmed with 
granite, and was erected by F. JL. Thayer. It is now owned by 
C. J. Clukey. Next in order is the Plaisted block, one of the best 
in town. This takes the place of the old stores occupied by J. G. 
Darrah, Wadsworth Chipman, J. H. Plaisted, William Caffrey 
and E. Blumenthal. L. H. Soper's large brick block comes next 
and is among the best. It is three stories. Last April !Mr. 
Soper had a passenger elevator put in to run from basement to 
top floor. This is the first elevator put into any store in the city ; 
that is run by motor power and used for the accommodation of 
customers. The three story wooden building owned by Theo- 
philus Oilman adjoins the Soper block. The next brick block is 
the Barrelle block, three stories, and a fine structure. It stands on 
the site of the J. P. Caftrey store. The Ware block, similar ta 
the Barrelle block, is next in order. This is a double block, all 
connected, and closing up the right of way which lay between 
the old buildings, which were occupied respectively by C. M. 
Barrelle and C. R. McFadden. Alongside of this is the H. L. 
Emery block. Passing along, we come to the Savings Bank 
block, a good brick structure of two stories. There are no more 
brick buildings until we reach the Peoples' Bank building; but 
the intervening space is occupied by good substantial wooden 
buildings. The land on which these buildings stand is probably 
the most valuable on Main street. The Peoples' Bank and the 
Ticonic Bank buildings are three story, brick structures and occu- 
pied by the owners for banking purposes. Then comes the old 
Phoenix Block, which looks as it did years ago. A wooden build- 



430 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ing stands on the corner, called the Rogers building. On the 
next corner, at the junction of ^lain and Temple streets, is the 
Burleigh block, a three story brick building and of modern style ; 
this takes the place of the old tumble-down wooden afTair once 
occupied by Manley & Tozier as a grocery store. There are two 
quite good wooden buildings before we reach the Pulsifer and 
Flood blocks, which were built last year and which are of three 
stories and modern in all particulars. Then wooden buildings 
extend to the property owned by the Unitarian Church Society. 

The east side of Main street, going south, is practically as it 
has been for many years, until you get to Temple street. Com- 
mencing here, the old brick buildings have been remodelled and 
present an unbroken front as far as the old Burleigh property, 
once occupied by Thomas Herrick as a hardware store. These 
blocks are the Boutelle, Elden, Arnold, and Hanson, Webber & 
Dunham blocks. From here to the square, or the hay scales, as 
the boys u.sed to call it, there are no brick buildings, but some 
of the wooden ones have been remodelled. From common street 
south we have no brick blocks until we reach the Gallert building, 
and adjoining this is the Peavy block, one of the best in the city. 
Then come the same old brick buildings with the roofs pitching 
toward the street that have stood for years and years. The last 
pretentious building on the east side of the street is the R. B. 
Dunn block, used for stores on the ground floor and the Bay 
View Hotel above. It is one of the largest brick business blocks 
in the city. 

On Common street where once stood a few cheap wooden 
buildings, now stands the Masonic Temple, built of brick and 
trimmed with granite. It is three stories and modern in all par- 
ticulars. Adjoining it is the W. T. Haines block, of the same 
general style and quality as the former. The ground floor of 
this building is occupied by the Post-office. 

Silver street can boast of one good brick building, that of 
Frank Redington, on the old Wheeler property where once Sum- 
ner A. Wheeler dispensed spruce and lemon beer and sold shot 
guns. There are several stores on that street, but all of wood, 
with this exception. 

Temple street has grown much as a business section, having 
many stores both east and west of Main street, and bids fair to 
increase its number within the near future. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 43 1 

It is not possible to enumerate all the changes that have taken 
place in the business and residential sections of the city ; but to 
the older people it may be of interest to state briefly some of the 
most notable ones. On what we term "The Plains," the growth 
has been notable. It was but a few years ago, when only a few 
houses, widely scattered, were located in that section, and they 
were of a poor quality and simply constructed, only one or two 
rooms in some of them. Then there was the one main thorough- 
fare, named Water street, and only a few lanes making off from 
this street, north of Grove street. It seemed like going into 
another town to go "down on the Plains." But now what a 
contrast ! There are good large substantial homes, clean, neat, 
roomy and comfortable ; fine business blocks, and nearly all kinds 
of business represented ; streets running in all directions ; real 
estate at a premium, and thrift and order found on every hand. 
It is a small city within itself. The electric cars run the length 
of Water street every half hour and are well patronized. 

Most of us can remember the circus ground on what was called 
Nudd field and where the school boys played four-old-cat and 
later baseball. There were no houses there then, but now nearly, 
if not quite every lot is built upon, making it one of the prettiest 
and most desirable locations in the city ; and further over in the 
Burleigh field a number of beautiful houses have been built. 

Ticonic street, once called "Paddy Lane," is one of the busiest 
in the city. There are several stores located here and many good 
homes. Above the railroad crossing on College street many fine 
residences have been built and new streets have been opened on 
either side. One of the best schoolhouses in the city — the Myrtle 
Street schoolhouse — ■ has recently been erected here. It is a 
building of eight rooms and is crowded with scholars. And so 
one may go on taking section by section, describing changes, 
which are in the line of improvements everywhere. 

The present demand is for good, substantial, medium-rate 
rents. There seems to be a scarcity of them, although new 
houses are being built in all quarters. There may be danger of 
overdoing in this direction, but it would seem not for some time 
yet. Real estate is of more value than several years ago, but 
there seems to be no lack of purchasers. 



432 HISTOKY OF WATEKVILLE. 

THE NEW CITY HALL. 

During the last year the city has erected a handsome city build- 
ing, on the site of the old town hall, just off Common street. 
This building contains rooms for all the city officials ; a station 
house for those who are so unfortunate as to need the restraining 
hand of the law ; a superior court room and a municipal court 
room, with all the adjuncts necessary for the comfort and con- 
venience of the court officials. A safe and commodious vault 
occupies the middle section of the first two floors for the keeping 
safely of all monies and records belonging to the city ; and the 
upper floor is devoted to a large and beautiful auditorium with 
balcony and .stage. Some of our citizens facetiously, and yet 
rightly, describe this portion of the building as the "Opera 
House.' It is well adapted to the uses of the city in its municipal 
capacity, and can be used for convention purposes as well. It 
is also the intention to let this hall for entertainments — thus deriv- 
ing an income for the city and at the same time furnishing the 
people with a fine public hall. This building will cost, when 
completed, about $70,000. Our citizens are all pleased with this 
structure and proud of its possession. 

The College, schools, churches, and other of our public and 
private edifices, are written up in this volume by others, and I 
only speak of them as contributing to our wealth and adding to 
our population. 

VALUATION AND TAX.\TI0N. 

Our assessed valuation for 1902 is $5,219,163; the rate of 
taxation is 23,'/2 mills; giving a total of $122,650.33. Add to 
this 2,618 polls, at $3 each, and we have $130,504.33 as the total 
amount raised by the city. Of this valuation, $4,191,325 was on 
real estate and $892,007 on personal estate. It may be thought 
by some that this rate is rather high, but by a comparison with 
the rates in other cities of the State, it will readily be seen that 
our burdens are not very heavy. The assessors' report for 1901 
shows that we added $100,000 to our valuation, and we add 
$135,831 this year. The increase in the number of tiolls is 132. 



HISTORY OF WATfiKVILLE. 433 

FIRE DEPARTMENT AND INSURANCE. 

We take great and increasing pride in our Fire Department. It 
was, to a large extent, brought to its present state of efficiency 
by Cliief Engineer A. H. Plaisted, under whose training a thor- 
ough system was established. He was succeeded by Chief 
George F. Davies, the present incumbent, who is the right man 
to follow in Air. Plaisted's footsteps. He is fully alive to keeping 
up the department to its present high standard, and the men 
under him all readily acknowledge his fitness for the position. 
Our alarm system is one of the best and gives very good satis- 
faction. It has been suggested that when it can be readily done, 
an alarm be placed in a more central location — perhaps on the 
new citv hall, and that it be a whistle, in preference to a bell, as 
being more readily distinguishable. 

In connection with this matter, it may be well to note the item 
of insurance. Our local insurance men are much pleased with 
the efficiency of our fire department and it has quite an influence 
in keeping down the insurance rates. 

The amount of business done by the insurance companies of 
Waterville is large; it is estimated to be $7^,000 in premiums. 
Our veteran insurance companies are the L. T. Boothby & Son 
Company and the C. K. Mathews Company. In mentioning 
these names I have no wish to slight any other company or indi- 
vidual, but the history of these two companies is contemporary 
with the growth of the city, and it is not out of place to speak 
of them. 

THE BOARD OF TRADE 

Waterville has a flourishing Board of Trade, with a member- 
ship of 150. It is alive to all subjects that may be of benefit to 
our city. It has done much to further the interests of Water- 
ville. It was organized in 1889, with Mayor Nathaniel Meader 
as its first president, and during his term of office, which covered 
two years, many meetings were held and topics of much interest, 
pertinent to the welfare of our city, were debated and acted upon. 
It brought about a sentiment for concerted action and succeeded 
in arousing the people to a realization of the fact that we must 
take hold and push for ourselves in order to get desired results. 

28 



434 HISTORV OF WATERVILLE. 

Our energetic and forceful citizens communicated their own 
enthusiasm to others of our slower moulded yet equally interested 
property owners. The next president was Hon. i\I. C. Foster, 
who brought to the Board a mind well stored with business ideas 
and an energy which was always e.xerted to Waterville's benefit. 
Under his administration the Board flourished and grew into 
large proportions. Frank Redington followed Mr. Foster in 
the president's office and served for five years. During his con- 
trol several important matters were acted upon. Colby college 
wanted to raise a large sum of money to build several new struc- 
tures, and by the desire of President Nathaniel Butler the coop- 
eration of the Board was secured and a mass meeting held in city 
hall under the auspices of the Board. The meeting was 
addressed by several citizens and the final result was the sub- 
scription of over Sio,ooo by Waterville citizens to aid Colby in 
her efiforts, and materially helped in building the new Chemical 
Laboratory. The Waterville Free Library has received much 
help from the Board of Trade. The Waterville & Wiscasset 
Railroad came in for a share of the Board's attention and a large 
sum was subscribed to assist in its construction. The Summer 
School was induced to hold its sessions here through the agency 
of the Board of Trade. The new City Building is the direct out- 
come of the action of the Board of Trade. The Board took up 
this matter with a vim and energy that knew no defeat. It 
appointed committees to wait on Mayor Webb and the city 
council : it held mass meetings and discussed the question on all 
occasions ; and to-day we have the City Building, for which we 
may thank the Waterville Board of Trade. 

Dr. J. F. Hill is the present president, and under his leadership 
the Board is growing youthful and powerful. It started the 
centennial celebration by securing a large list of names of the 
most influential citizens on a request to the Board to call the 
proper authorities into action. Combined and concentrated 
action of such a nature as an organization of this kind can bring 
abour, will always be of advantage to any town or city. 




ARNOLD BLOCK. 
REDINGTON BLOCK. 



FLOOD AND PULSIFKR BLOCK. 
CLUKBT BLOCK. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILI-E. 435 

POPULATION. 

I find by reference to the Maine Register that the population 
in 1870 — four years previous to the estabHshment of the Lock- 
wood Cotton Mill — was 4,832, and this included West Waterville. 
It has increased a little year by year until now, on our one hun- 
dredth anniversary, we have a population of ten thousand souls, 
— all busy, all happy and contented. We are growing to be 
somewhat cosmopolitan and our citizens vie with each other in 
advancing Waterville's interests at home and abroad. While our 
population within the city limits is 10,000, we have a flourishing 
and wide-awake community of surrounding towns to draw from. 
Within a radius of fifteen miles — the most of whose floating 
business comes to Waterville — are the towns of Fairfield, Burn- 
ham, Clinton, Benton, Winslow, Albion, China, Vassalboro, Sid- 
ney, Belgrade, Oakland, Smithfield and Rome, with a population 
of nearly 20,000, which gives to our mercantile interests a total 
population of nearly 30,000 with which to do business. Not only 
does the natural flow of this business tend toward us, but with 
our large and well-stocked stores we call the larger part of central 
Maine to our doors to participate in the advantages we offer 
them. 

Many of our residences are handsome structures, beautiful in 
architectural design, convenient as to location, comfortably 
arranged and sumptuously furnished. Finely kept lawns sur- 
round nearly all of our residential places, and all are attracted 
by the beauty of our homes. 

We have a splendid system of sewerage, which was put in some 
years ago at a cost of over $100,000, and which has given perfect 
satisfaction ; and Main street is paved nearly the whole length of 
the business section. 

WATERVILLU AS A SUMMER RESORT. 

Have our people considered to a sufficient extent what advant- 
ages accrue to Waterville as a centre from which to journey in 
any direction to fishing and pleasure resorts, — looking at the 
subject from a financial aspect? Many more people than we are 
aware of are attracted to our city for this purpose. Our splendid 
and beautiful drives are famous throughout New England. The 



436 HISTORY OK WATERVILLE. 

fishing in East, North, Great, EHis, Long and Snow ponds is as 
good as in any chain of lakes or ponds in the State. The cottages 
and hotels at these places are increasing in number and excellence 
of entertainment each year, and Waterville is the natural trading- 
place for the tourist who sojourns at these enchanting resting 
places. If one wishes to be entertained by nature, get a touch 
of the soft side of life and dream away the idle hours for a week 
or a month, growing poetic and aesthetic, he can do no better 
than repair to these outlying hills, lakes and dales which surround 
Waterville. 

WATKRVILLE .\S A MARKET. 

Waterville as a market for the products of the farm is one of 
the best in central ]\Iaine ; and this fact is fast becoming known 
and acknowledged by the farmers for many miles around. Our 
traffic with the tillers of the soil is growing more extended year 
by year and the mutual advantages enjoyed by the urban and the 
suburban dwellers tend to good results. 

There is not now the excuse that once obtained for abandoned 
farms, as any man with energy, thrift and ordinary intelligence 
can readily make a reasonable success of farming in localities 
adjacent to a city like Waterville. There are, as the report of 
our milk inspector shows, sixty-five persons selling milk in 
Waterville, and the milk is of the highest quality. Compare 
this with the time when Cyrus Howard was the only man having 
a milk route in our town, some thirty years ago. 

The means of ingress and egress for the farmer aje greatly 
enhanced by the electric and steam roads nmning into and having 
stations in the smaller places, and the expense in fares is very 
light. Do not overlook the fact that our farms and farmers are 
of the most pronounced value to Waterville. 

WHAT OK THE KUTIIRE ? 

What of the future? A boom? a reaction? Oh, no! neither. 
We have grown as steadily, as sturdily, as sy.stematically and as 
naturally as the child changes into youth and merges into man- 
hood. We feel our strength, but it is the strength of confidence 
and not of frenzy or a fevered imagination. "Our past is 
secure." The present is always with us, and the future we 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 437 

bequeath to posterity. We have no Whittier, no Longfellow, or 
other shade of world-wide fame to grace the history of our past, 
but we can hark back a hundred years and more with a pride in 
the loyalty, the strength, the enterprise and ability of our fore- 
fathers, and a satisfied feeling of having inherited a growth and 
prosperity which has placed us within the ranks of successful 
enterprise. 

The present is our time for making history, money, and a 
future. The impetus we have inherited necessarily aids and 
forces us onward, like a rushing current flowing swiftly by, and 
we must not drop behind in the strenuous contest. As we grow 
in numbers, rivalry becomes more acute, competition more vio- 
lent ; and a determined and steady purpose is the only course 
that will lead to the top of the ladder of success. As a com- 
munity, we are highly favored in our geographical location ; as 
a railroad center, we are extremely fortunate. The branches of 
the diverging lines of the great Maine Central road concentrat- 
ing within our borders, and the additional advantages accruing 
from another railroad soon to be completed across our southern 
section, give us a future outlook of vast importance. And so 
we gather all the elements of our trade, educational, social and 
local conditions : mass them into a kaleidoscopic scene, and from 
them predict a happy, successful and prosperous future, with an 
ever increasing population. Let those who are native-born to 
Waterville, but who now live in far-distant lands, dream of such 
a future for their beautiful one-time home, and awake to find it 
a reality. 

Tabulated statement of mercantile business, based on the vol- 
ume of business for 1901 as attributed to individual firms and 
companies doing business zvithin the city limits. 

Per year. 

Groceries, meats and provisions $450,000 00 

Dry goods and other lines carried by dry goods 

houses and classed as dry goods 400,000 00 

Clothing, hats, caps, etc. (sold by clothing houses), 200,000 00 

Hardware, stoves, tinware and plumbing 200,000 00 

Armour Beef Company 200,000 00 

House furnishings, including furniture, carpets, 

crockerj' and goods sold by furniture houses. . . 125,000 00 



438 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 



Grain, feed, etc., including: what flour is sold by 

grain and feed stores Sioo.ooo OO 

Coal, wood, lime and cement go,ooo oo 

Boots and shoes "S.ooo oo 

Fruit and confectionery 75-000 GO 

Insurance /S-Ooo oo 

Bakeries 75-000 oo 

Drugs and articles carried by drug stores 70,000 00 

Books, periodicals, stationery, wall paper, etc. . . . 60,000 00 
Electrical supplies and miscellaneous articles, 

including all other lines of mercantile enterprise, 50,000 00 

Tobacco and cigars 50,000 00 

Harnesses and leather goods 50,000 00 

Millinery 40,000 00 

Standard Oil Co 35-000 00 

Jewelry and all goods carried by jewelers 10,000 00 

Florists 8,000 00 

Musical instruments, etc 5,000 00 

Bicycles 5,000 00 

Total, $2,448,000 00 



Tabulated statement of hands ent['loycd and money paid out by 
the mamtfaetories and labor-employing industries of Water- 
ville, including the Hollin^szujorth & Whitney Company of 
Winslow. 

Average No. of Pay Roll 

hands employed. Per month. Per year. 

Lockwood Company 1300 $34,00000 $415.00000 

Hollingsworth & Whitney Co. 675 30,000 00 360,000 00 
Maine Central R. R. Co. on 

the roads, about the yard, 

etc 16,000 00 192,000 00 

Maine Central R. R. Co., at 

the shops 250 14,000 00 168,000 00 

Riverview Worsted Mill 175 90,000 00 

Hathaway Shirt Factory 150 5,00000 60,00000 

Sawyer Publishing Co 100 4,000 00 48,000 00 

Proctor & Bowie Co 33 25,000 00 

H. Purinton & Co 50 24,00000 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 439 

Waterville & Fairfield Rail- 
way and Light Co 38 $1,666 00 $20,000 00 

Waterville Iron Works 

(Webber & Philbrick) .... 34 1,400 00 16,800 00 

Noyes Stove Co 20 1,000 00 12,000 00 

Whittemore Furniture Co ... . 20 800 00 9,600 00 

The Mail Publishing Co 14 5,800 00 

W. M. Ladd Co 12 5,668 00 

Jaynes Creamery Co 10 400 00 4,800 00 

Messalonskee Electric Co. . . . 7 375 00 4.500 00 

Total, $1,461,168 00 

These figures represent the pay rolls of established and con- 
tinuous industries : the greater part of this amount finding its 
way into the channels of \\"aterville business. 

Estimated pay rolls of other and miscellaneous classes. 
Clerks in stores, 500 at an average of $18,000 00 $216,000 00 
Carpenters, 50 21,750 00 

Masons and Tenders, 25 15,000 00 

Painters, 25 10,000 00 

Total amount distributed in Waterville by pay 

rolls per year $1,723,918 00 

To this should be added the amount paid out by the college and 
institute treasurers the amount paid to the school teachers and 
other city officials by the city treasurer, and the amounts paid to 
agents and representatives of outside corporations in order to 
get an estimate of the money put into circulation through the 
system of wage earnings in Waterville. This is what keeps the 
citv alive. 



CHAPTER XXII. 



THE PULPIT OF WATERVILLE. 

By Rev. George Dana Boardman Pepper, D. D., LL. D. 

Joshua Ctishnian (Rev. and Hon.) the first and only "town 
minister" of Winslow and Waterville was born in Halifax, Mass., 
about 1758 or 9. Son of Abner and Mary (Tillson) Cushman. 
(Y'lA. Cushman Genealogy, p. 184.) Apil i, 1777, he enlisted 
under Caleb King and served in the 9th Massachusetts Regiment 
He was at Fort Stanwix at the surrender of Burgoyne and 
endured the winter at Valley Forge. He was honorably dis- 
charged on the completion of his three years' term of enlistment. 
He then fitted for college and was graduated at Harvard in the 
class of 1788, the class of John Ouincy Adams. He was ordained 
June 10, 1795 (see historical chapter, p. 52 and note) as religious 
teacher of Winslow. He remained minister of the town until 
1814, the arrangement terminating by mutual consent and on 
conditions agreed upon in the settlement nearly twenty years 
before. His sermons, a large number of which are preserved by 
his grandson, Mr. Cushman of Winslow, show him to have been 
a clear, careful and reverent thinker of a spirit both devout and 
liberal. In 1 810 he was the Representative of Kennebec Co. in 
the Massachusetts Senate. In 181 t and 12 he was the Repre- 
sentative of Winslow in the Mas.sachusetts Legislature. In 1819 
he was elected a member of Congress from the Kennebec Dis- 
trict and served three full terms until 1825. His broad views 
as a statesman and his power as an orator gave him large influ- 
ence in Congress. In 1828 Mr. Cushman was elected to the 
Maine Senate and in 1834 was elected as the Representative of 
Winslow in the Maine House. He called the House to order at 



O > 
'J. 




HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 441 

its organization, but his strength was spent, and he died at 
Augusta, January 27, 1834, at the age of seventy-five years. A 
singularly varied life which used its large powers faithfully for 
country and for God. Mr. Cushman's wife was Lucy Jones, 
who had been brought up by her uncle, Dr. Cotton Tufts of 
Weymouth, Mass. They had but one child, Charles, at whose 
home in Winslow Mrs. Cushman died, January 13, 1847, aged 
seventy-nine. 

The descendents of Mr. Cushman possess many books manu- 
scripts and relics of the old minister and his family. These were 
freely put at the disposal of the editors of this volume. Mr. 
Cushman was much in demand as orator on Fourth of July and 
other public occasions and his published orations show that his 
popularity was well deserved. The title of one of these publi- 
cations is "An Oration pronounced at Waterville, 4 July, 1814, 
in Commemoration of the Independence of the United States of 
America." It is not generally known that Richard Thomas, who 
prepared for himself the curious "rumpuncheon" epitaph, was a 
friend of Air. Cushman, and before his death gave to him his own 
library, a collection of English and early American books of 
considerable value and interest. These are in the possession of 
Mr. Cushman. E. C. W. 

Rci'. Tl'.oinas Adams, D. D., son of Benjamin and Eunice 
Adams, was born in North Brookfield, Mass., February 7, 1792, 
and died in Winslow, Me., February 4. 1881, three days before 
the completion of his eighty-ninth year. He prepared for college 
in the Leicester Academv, and in 1814 was graduated from Dart- 
mouth College. After taking a course in theology under his 
pastor. Rev. Thomas Snell of North Brookfield, he was ordained 
and installed as pastor of the Congregational church in Vassal- 
boro, Me., August 26, 1818. He retained this pastorate until 
1834, having charge, also, of the churches in Winslow and Clin- 
ton — now Benton Falls. During the year following he was 
agent of the Maine Temperance Society and resided in Hallowell. 
From that time until May 31, 1838 he was the minister of the 
Waterville Congregational church, though not formally installed 
as pastor until September 27, 1836. After leaving Waterville, 
he for three years edited the Maine Temperance Gazette, pub- 
lished first in Augusta and afterward in Portland. He was agent 



442 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

for the American Tract Society, i843-'46. He preached the next 
ten years in Ohio, the first in Hampden, the other nine in Thomp- 
son. After four years' service as agent of the Congregational 
Board of Publication he returned to Maine, served the Pittston 
Congregational church as pastor one year (i863-'64), removed 
then to Vassalboro and served as pastor four years, when he 
retired from the pastorate, but continued to reside in Vassalboro 
until 1871. spent the next nine months in W'aterville and then 
removed to Winslow where he resided until his death. He was 
three times married and survived his third wife (Catherine L. 
daughter of Caleb Lyman of North Brookfield) eleven years. 
He had three sons, of whom one survived him (Edward F., of 
San Francisco) and one daughter, Sarah B., who at the Kenne- 
bec Conference in Waterville in 1894, read an extremely interest- 
ing paper entitled "Reminiscences of the Churches and Pastors 
of Kennebec County" which was published in pamphlet form. 
The well merited degree of D. D. was conferred upon him by 
Dartmouth College, his ahiia mater. He was held in profound 
esteem wherever he was known and throughout all this region 
his name is honored and his memory cherished. His daughter 
says (Reminiscences p. 15) : "He was buried on his eighty-ninth 
birthday and rests in the little cemetery on the hill, where he 
always wished to be placed, with those who had gone before. 
No more fitting memorial could have been raised for him than 
the little chapel which has been placed in Vassalboro by the gifts 
of so many of his friends, and none that would have been so 
acceptable to him." 

Rev. Wilbur Fiske Berry, son of Nicholas and Hope S. 
(Clarke) Berry of Camden, Me., was born in Camden, November 
24, 1851. After leaving the public schools he studied in Maine 
Wesleyan Seminary, and in Wesleyan University, Middletown, 
Conn. He has been pastor of Methodist churches in South 
Standish, Woodfords, Saco, Lewiston, Farmington, Water\'ille, 
(all in Maine), covering the years i878-'9Q. 

Some of these, at least, are churches to which only men of the 
highest rank and ability are appointed and which can be suc- 
cessfully served only by such men. In these pastorates he has 
fully met all demands made upon him. He was elected as secre- 
tary of "The Christian Civic League of Maine" in the spring of 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 443 

1899, entered upon the work May 1st, and by lectures through- 
out the State, by promoting; the formation and maintenance of 
local leagues, by editing The Christian Civic League Record, and 
by efficient personal influence has rendered the cause important 
service. For fourteen years he has been secretary of the Maine 
Annual Conference, and in 1892 was delegate to the Methodist 
Episcopal General Conference. On the i6th of July, 1878, he 
married Miss Livonia S. French of Solon, Maine. His children 
are Josie May, Lillian Eunice, Mary Eleanor, Emma Louise, 
Nicholas Luther, and W^illiam French. In 1902 he was elected 
president of the Maine Wesleyan Seminary at Kent's Hill and 
removed to that place. 

Rev. Henry S. Bnrrage was boni in Fitchburg, Mass., Jan. 7, 
1837. His parents resided later at Cambridge, Mass., Leomin- 
ster, Mass, and Roxbury, Mass. While in Roxbury, he attended 
the Chauncey Hall school, Boston. Afterward fitted for college 
at Pierce Academy, Middleboro, Mass. Entered Brown Univer- 
sity in 1857, and in 1861 was graduated, and entered the Newton 
Theological Institution. In 1862 he enlisted as a private in the 
36th Mass. Vol. Infantry, served in this regiment as sergeant, 
second lieutenant, first lieutenant and captain, served also as act- 
ing assistant adjutant-general on the staff of Gen. Custer, ist 
Brig. 2nd Div. qth Army Corps, was made a major by brevet. 
Returned to Newton at the close of the war and completed his 
studies, graduating with the class of 1867. Went to Germany 
for the purpose of further study. After his return 
he became pastor of the Baptist church in Water- 
ville, Maine. Since January i, 1870, he has been editor 
of Zion's Advocate, Portland, Maine. In 1883, he re- 
received the degree of D. D. from Brown University, was 
made a trustee of Brown University in 1889, and in 1901 he 
was transferred to its Board of Fellows, has been a trustee of 
both Colby College and Newton Theological Institution since 
1881. He is the author of "Brown University in the Civil War," 
"The Anabaptists of Switzerland," "Baptist Hymn Writers and 
Their Hymns," "History of the Baptists of New England," and 
various other works. Also of numerous historical and religious 
papers. For more than twenty-five years he has been recording 
secretary of the Maine Baptist Missionary Convention and of the 



444 HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 

American Baptist Missionary Union, is recorder of the Maine 
Commander}' of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the 
United States, secretary of the Society of Colonial Wars in the 
State of Maine, secretary of the Maine Society of the Sons of the 
American Revolution, and chairman of the standing committee 
of the Maine Historical Society. He married (first) Caroline 
Champlin, only daughter of Rev. Dr. J. T. Champlin and (sec- 
ond) Ernestine Marie Giddings, daughter of Mr. Moses Gid- 
dings of Bangor. There are two children by his first wife, 
Champlin and Thomas Jayne, and two by his second wife, Mil- 
dred Giddings and Madeleine. 

Father Narcisse Charland was born August lo, 1S48, in Rich- 
mond, Richmond Co., Province of Quebec. He began his school 
life in the common schools of his birthplace; continued it in 
St. Francis College and Nicolet College (both in Nicolet, 
P. Q.) : and completed it in Grand Seminary (Theological) at 
Three Rivers, P. O. He received from the Arts College on 
graduation the degree of B. A. and from the Theological on grad- 
uating from it the degree of B. D. He is the author of a pam- 
phlet entitled "Ladies of St. Anne." The history of the Catholic 
church in this place is largely a biography of Father Charland 
and the reader is referred for further information to the chapter 
on the churches in Waterville.' 

Rev. Syk'amts Cobb, D. D., widely known in his last years as 
"Father Cobb," was born at Norway, Maine, in 1799, and was 
ordained to the Universalist ministry with a Mr. Frost and Wm. 
A. Drew, at a meeting of the Eastern Association of Universal- 
ists, holdcn in W'inthrop in 1821, and at once began his ministry 
in Waterville (see hist, of the church). While here he preached 
in West Waterville and neighboring towns about one half the 
time and completed a course of doctrinal lectures (published as 
Cobb's Compound of Divinity) which was widely read and 
influential. Leaving Waterville he lived until his death (Oct. 
31, 1866,) in Boston and vicinity. He was the author of a 
"Commentary on the New Testament." He had editorial charge 
of various denominational papers and magazines and wrote 

1. Tlie Sniery Mission at wliicli the Catholic refugees from the Kennebec gath- 
ered was flnally uiovert to the opposite siile of the St. Lawrence, a few miles up 
theChaudlere, and calleil "The Mission of St. Francis lie Sales." Very appropri- 
ately therefore does the Catholic church in Waterville bear Ibis name. 



HISTORY OF \VATER\'ir,LB;. 445 

largely for the periodical press. Tufts College conferred upon 
him the honorary degree of D.D. in recognition of his scholarship 
and distinguished services. 

Rev. Albert D. Dodge, son of Alvin and Emily (Boyd) Dodge, 
was born Jan. ii, 1859, in Monroe, Waldo Co. ; fitted for college 
in Maine Central Institute : was graduated from the Theological 
departrrient of Bates College in 1886; has been pastor of Free 
Baptist churches in Cape Elizabeth i856-'58; Clinton Village 
i888-'93; Amesbnry, Mass. 1893- '99 Waterville, Me. (society 
and church successively) 1899 to the present time. In securing 
additions to the membership and material equipment of churches 
served he has been succes.;fui s^'giiai'V so in Amesbury, Mass. 
He married Miss Helen Eugenia Lamb Dec. 31, 1881 ; has one 
child, William L. ; and resides in Waterville at No. 3, High 
street. 

Rez\ Albert Teele Dunn, D. D. was born in Fairfax, Vt., May 
6, 1850, the son of Rev. Lewis A. and Lucy (Teele) Dunn. He 
was graduated at the New Hampton Institution, Fairfax. \'t., 
Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y., in the class of 1873 and 
Newton Theological Institution in 1878. He was ordained 
as pastor of the Baptist church at East Poultney, Vt., 
July 30, 1873. After important pastorates at Stoughton St. 
church, Boston, and at the Free St., Portland, he became corres- 
ponding secretary of the Maine Baptist Missionary Convention, 
and removed to Waterville in Nov. i88g. Dr. Dunn was mar- 
ried June 24, 1873, to Gertrude A. Cottrell, and after her death to 
Elizabeth F. Walker of Boston, July 30, 1884. They have two 
sons, Lewis Walker and Fred Ballentyne. In addition to the 
important denominational work for which he is responsible, Dr. 
Dunn has been prominently identified with the Interdenomina- 
tional Commission, the Maine Sunday School Association and is 
president of the Maine Bible Society. He is a member of the 
First Bapt. church and of the Masonic order. 

Rev. Calvin Gardner was born in Hingham, Mass., Aug. 29, 
1798, and was a son of Samuel and Chloe (Whiton) Gardner. 
He attended the public schools in Hingham, became first a 
mechanic and later, in 1825, entered the Universalist ministry. 
He was ordained as pastor of the Charlestown, Mass., Universal- 
ist church June 22; April 11, 1827, became pastor of a church in 



446 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Duxbury, JNIass., and in 1830 came to Waterville with his family 
and was pastor of the UniversaHst society until 1833. He then 
went to Provincetown, Mass., for two years. In 1855 he 
returned to Waterville not, however, as pastor. He made this 
his home until hi? death, which occurred March 26, 1865, preach- 
ing as opportunity offered and caring for his land. A large num- 
ber of his sermons were published in the denominational papers 
and one in pamphlet form. For a few years he was associate 
editor of The Gospel Banner. In 1841, on leave of absence 
granted by his church, he spent a few months of the summer and 
early autumn in trying to raise $50,000 to establish and endow a 
theological seminary to be located on what is now thesiteofTufts 
College. The encouragement did not warrant a continuance of 
the effort. His first wife was Mary, daughter of Percy and 
^lary (Bowker) Whiting of Hingham, Mass., who died sud- 
denly Sept. 2, 1832. in Lowell, Mass., in the 31st year of her age ; 
his second wife, Julia Ann Hasty of Waterville, died in 1891. 
His children were, by his first wife, Mary Whiting, who married 
William Graham Cutler of Dexter, and died in Chicago ; by his 
second wife, Ann Estella, who married Franklin Smith and died 
April 19, 1901, in Waterville. 

Rev. Bdzuard Hawes, D. D. began his public life as pastor of 
the Waterville Congregational church. His extraordinary suc- 
cess in this position (see sketch of the church's history) would 
alone entitle him to a special notice in this chapter, but that suc- 
cess was only an earnest of that which has attended him to this 
day. He perhaps brought with him by inheritance from his 
father, Rev. Josiah Taylor Hawes, an honored Congregational 
minister and pastor, a hereditary bias toward the profession for 
which certainly the home influences were constantly preparing 
him even before his own adoption of it by a final choice. He was 
born in Topsham, Maine, midway between Auburn, where he 
fitted for college in the Academy and Brunswick, where he took 
his college course in Bowdoin, graduating in 1855. To the 
degree of A. B. then given him in course was added by his alma 
mater in 1884 the honorary degree of D. D. From Bowdoin he 
went to Bangor Theological Seminary where he was graduated 
in 1858 and at once came to the Waterville church as pastor. 
Called to the Central Congregational church in Philadelphia, 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 447 

Pa., in 1864, he won for himself and the church a most honorable 
recognition from the Presbyterian brotherhood which until then 
had not been over cordial to the weak Congregationalism of that 
city. His subsequent pastorates have been in New Haven, 
Conn., and in Burlington, Vt. He now resides in Hartford, 
Conn., and is the secretary of the Congregational Relief Fund. 

Roszvell Dzvight Hitchcock, D. D., LL. D. although not strictly 
one of the pastors of the Waterville Congregational church yet 
for one year i844-'45) supplied its pulpit. Born in East 
Machias, Maine, Aug. 15, 1817, he entered the sophomore class 
in Amherst College in 1833, was graduated in 1836 and after one 
year as principal of Jaffrey (N. H.) Academy, and two years of 
theological study, he served as tutor three years in Amherst 
College (i839-'42). He spent the next two years as resident 
licentiate at Andover Theological Seminary whence he came 
directly to Waterville. Ordained and installed as pastor of the 
First Congregational church in Exeter, N. H., Nov. 19, 1845, he 
remained there until T852, though absent for study in Halle and 
Berlin one year (i847-'48) of his pastorate. During i852-'55 he 
was Collins Professor of Natural and Revealed Religion in Bow- 
doin College, and from 1855 until his death (June 16, 1887) was 
connected with Union Theological Seminary as Washburn Pro- 
fessor of Church History, and also, from 1880, as president. He 
received from Bowdoin in 1855 the degree of D. D. and from 
Williams the degree of LL. D. in 1873. He contributed many 
articles, mostly on church history, to the Presbyterian Quarterly 
and to the American Theological Review, being from 1863 to 
1870 one of its assistant editors. He published numerous essays, 
orations, addresses and sermons, also "The Life, Character and 
Writings of Edward Robinson," (1836) and "A Complete 
Analysis of the Bible," (1869). He edited (with Drs. Eddy 
and Schafif) "Hymns and Songs of Praise," and "Hymns and 
Songs for Social and Sabbath Worship." 

Rev. Ammi S. Ladd, D. D. was born in Phillips, Me., June 17, 
1835, is a graduate of Kent's Hill Seminary, in 1873 received 
from Colby University the honorary degree of A. M., has been 
the successful pastor of Methodist churches in Waterville, Bath, 
Bangor, Biddeford and Portland, and holds the office of presid- 
ing elder. He is now living with his third wife, Helen M. 



448 )I!STORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

(Osgood) Ladd and has two children, Lydia and Annie. His 
residence is Brunswick, Maine. 

Rev. Albert A. Lewis, son of Ammon Lewis, was born in 
Orono, Me., June 15, 1853. He prepared for college in the 
Orono High School, and in 1876 was graduated from the Univer- 
sity of Maine with the degree of B. S. He has been the pastor 
of Methodist churches in the following towns of this State : Sebec, 
Houlton, Winterport, Brewer. Bath, Saco, Gardiner and \N'ater- 
villc and is still pastor of the Waterville church. He has also 
filled the offices of teacher and superintendent of public schools. 
He married ATiss Eva A. Baker of Orrington, Mc., .Vpril 24, 
1878, and has one child, Leon G. 

Rev. Henry Codman Leonard, son of Samuel and Cynthia 
(Claggett) Leonard, was born April 25, 1818, in Northwood, N. 
H. ; studied theology with Rev. Henry Bacon in Haverhill in 
1838-40 ; was ordained in Salem, Mass., July 21, 1841 ; was pas- 
tor at Rockland, Me., 1842-46; at Orono, Me., i847-'54; at 
Waterville, Me., i847-'54 ; served as chaplain first of Third Regt. 
Me. Vol. Infantry ; second of First Me. Heavy Artillery, 1861- 
'64; resided in Albany, N. Y., i865-'68; in Philadelphia, Pa., 
i869-'7i ; in Pigeon Cove, Mass., 1872 to his death, March 7, 
1880. For tb.e two years, 1873-74, however, he was at Deering, 
Me., as professor of English Literature in Westbrook Seminary. 
While at Pigeon Cove he supplied regularly the pulpit of the An- 
nisquam church, Gloucester, until his health failed in 1879. He 
wrote two books, the first "A Sheaf from a Pastor's Field," Bos- 
ton, 1856, 12 mo. pp 384; the second, "Pigeon Cove and Vicin- 
ity," Boston, 1873, 16 mo. pp viii, 193. For a time in i860 he 
was editor of The Gospel Banner. He had fine poetic gifts and 
contributed to The Knickerbocker Magazine ; The National Era ; 
and The Universalist Ladies' Repository. He married, Sept. 14, 
1845. Miss Adelia D. Norwood of Pigeon Cove, Mass., who bore 
to him two daughters. He was at once amiable and able, 
respected and loved. 

Geori^e Dickso)i Lindsay, the son of John and Mary Lindsay, 
was born in Portadown, County Armagh, Ireland. He 
was educated in the Methodist Connexional School, and 
the Methodist College, in Dublin and in part by private 
tutors. He early showed rare Inisiness talent and secured 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLi;. 449 

in a wholesale tea-store a splendid position. It was his 
purpose to give his life to business and the prospect of 
success was flattering. Converted at the age of 21, he soon felt 
himself urgently called of God to the gospel ministry, and at 
once gave himself with characteristic energy and singleness of 
aim to preparation for this work. Coming early to this country 
and to this State his rare gifts and noble character were speedily 
recognized. He was appointed to the pastorate of the most 
important churches in his conference and in each appointment 
save the last, which was cut short by his final sickness, his pastor- 
ates were limited in time only by the rules of the denomination. 
He was a clear, strong, instructive and inspiring preacher, a 
laboriously faithful pastor, a public spirited citizen, and a wise, 
practical business manager. He at one time or another held 
every office of trust in the gift of his conference except that of 
presiding elder, which he declined to accept, belonged to the 
Free Masons and Odd Fellows fraternities, was chaplain of the 
Grand lodge of the Free Masons, was president of the Maine 
Chautauqua Union, and gave many lectures on various topics 
throughout Maine and occasionally elsewhere. He died in 
Waterville, Oct. 25, 1901, leaving a widow and four children. 

Rev. Bdward Lester Marsh, the present pastor of the Con- 
gregational church in Waterville, was born in Leicester, Mass., 
May 19, 1865. His parents (George E. and Mandana E. 
Marsh) heartily encouraged and cooperated with him in his pre- 
paration for his life work. He completed his preparation 
for college in his native town, graduating from Leices- 
ter Academy in 1884. He took his college course in Amherst, 
receiving the degree of A. B. in 1888 ; completed the Yale 
Divinity School course in 1891 (B. D.) and during the year fol- 
lowing was a graduate student in Andover Theological Seminary. 
He has completed, as yet, only one pastorate, that of the Congre- 
gational church in Yarmouth, Mass., where he was ordained in 
1892. He resigned the Yarmouth pastorate in 1897 and at once 
accepted his present position. He has identified himself sym- 
pathetically and helpfully with all that makes for the city's wel- 
fare but without loss of devotion to the interests of his own 
church and society and the wider interests of his denomination 
throughout the State. He married on the 28th of November. 
29 



450 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

1893, Miss Mary Eliza Jenkins, and has two children, Elizabeth 
White and Mandana. His residence is 9 Park Street. 

Rev. George Bruce Nicholson, son of Orland H. and Carrie O. 
Nicholson was born in Boston, Mass., 1862 He attended the 
Boston public schools, afterward preparing for college at the 
Academy at Graceville, N. Y. After graduating from that insti- 
tution, he returned to Boston, where he was engaged in business 
for more than ten years during which time he was married to 
Adelaide Smith, also of Boston. In 1885, he became conscious 
of a vocation to the Sacred Ministry, and offered himself to 
Bishop Neely of Maine as a candidate for Holy Orders. He pur- 
sued theological studies under direction of designated priests in 
Boston, and after passing Canonical examinations was ordained 
by Bishop Neely, as deacon in Dec. 1891, and priest in Sept. 1893. 
He served seven years in Aroostook county, with residence at 
Fort Fairfield, was dean of the Convocation of Aroostook from 
its inception until he removed from the county, and was superin- 
tendent of the Fort Fairfield public schools during the last four 
years of residence there. He has been rector of St. Mark's 
Waterville, since Nov. 1899. 

^ George Dana Boardman Pepper, D. D., LL. D., was born in 
Ware, Mass., Feb. 5, 1833, the son of John and Eunice (Hutch- 
inson) Pepper. He was educated in Williston Seminary, East- 
hampton, Mass., at Amherst College where he was graduated in 
1857, and at Newton Theological Institution, finishing the full 
course in i860. He was ordained as pastor of the First Baptist 
church of Waterville, Sept. 6, i860. The same year he was 
married to Miss Annie Grassie of Bolton, Mass. After an able 
and successful pastorate in Waterville covering the period of the 
Civil War, Mr. Pepper resigned in 1865 to become Prof, of Eccles- 
iastical History at Newton Theological Institution. He remained 
until 1868 when he became Prof, of Systematic Theology at Cro- 
zer Theological Seminary which position he acceptably and hon- 
orably filled for fifteen years. In 18S2 he became President of 
Colby and Prof, of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy. During 
the years of his presidency he was revered for his character and 
ability and loved for his kindliness of heart. From '90 to '92 he 

1. Sketch written by K. C. W. 



HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 45 1 

was acting pastor of the Saco Baptist church ; in the latter year 
he returned to Waterville as Prof, of BibHcal Literature at Colby, 
holding the position until 1900. These are the mere outlines of 
a career as educator which has been remarkably and widely influ- 
ential and useful. Dr. Pepper has published "Outlines of System- 
atic Theology," also sermons and addresses and a very large 
number of essays and reviews in the leading magazines. His 
writing has been mostly on theological and ethical lines. He 
contributes to this volume the chapter on the churches of Water- 
ville, also biographical sketches of the ministers of the city. Dr. 
Pepper received the degree of D. D. from Colby in 1867 and from 
Amherst in 1882. From Lewisburg University he received the 
degree of LL.D. in 1882 and from Colby the same degree in i8go. 
The children of Dr. and Airs. Pepper are Charles Hovey, the 
artist, of Concord, Mass., Jessie Elizabeth, wife of Prof. F. W. 
Padelford of the University of Washington, and Annie Hutchin- 
son, wife of Prof. Everett W. Varney of Philadelphia. 

Rev. Arthur G. Pettcng^ill, son of Elisha and Elizabeth J. C. 
(Eaton) Pettengill, was born in Brewer, Me., Oct. 30, 1858. He 
is a graduate of the Brewer High school, of Bowdoin College and 
of Yale Divinity School in which he also took one year of gradu- 
ate work (1887- '88). From the college he received the degree 
of A. B. and from the Divinity School that of B. D. He has had 
pastorates in Warren, Me., 2nd Cong, ch., i885-'87, in St. Cloud, 
Minn., ist Cong. ch. i889-'90, Hyde Park, Mass., Unit. Soc, 
i895-'99, and in Waterville, Me., 1900 to the present. He is a 
member of the Masonic fraternity. On the 30th of June, 1896, 
he married Miss Bertha F. Capen by whom he has three child- 
ren, Miriam, Rodney G. and Richard E. His residence is on 
Dalton Street. 

ReT. J. Frank Rhoades is a son of Rev. Jabez and Mary A. 
(Mills) Rhoades, and was born in Auburn, N. Y. He prepared 
for college in the Auburn schools and was graduated from the 
Iowa Central University. He began his public life as a teacher. 
For several years he owned and managed Versailles Academy, 
Versailles, Mo., and for some years with his wife as assistant 
teacher, had charge of Geneva Academy, Geneva, Kan. He 
served in the Civil War as surgeon's steward on board the gun- 
boat Gammage No. 60, Miss. Squadron, and has been pastor of 



452 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the following Universalist churches : Seneca, Kan., Blue Island, 
(Chicago) 111.. Barre, Vl., Bellows Falls, Vt., Biddeford, Fair- 
field and Waterville, Me. In 1863 he married Miss Elvira L. 
Keith of White Rock, 111., and has one child, Mrs. Louise 
Carlossa (Rhoades) Purnelle. 

Rev. Josiah Lafayette Seivard, S. T. D., son of David and 
Arvilla (Mathews) Seward, was born in Sullivan, N. H., April 
17, 1845. He was graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy in 
1864; from Harvard University with degree of A. B. in 1868, 
taking the degree of A. M. in 1871 ; from Harvard Divinity 
School with degree of S. T. B. in 1874, receiving in 1898 from 
Colby Univcr.sity the degree of S. T. D. ; was ordained as pastor 
over the Unitarian church and society of Lowell, Mass., Dec. 31, 
1874: and was pastor of the First Unit. Soc. and church in 
Waterville, Me., Aug. i, 1888-Nov. 5, 1893; of Unity church, 
Boston, Mass. (Allston District) i893-'99, since which time he 
has been engaged in teaching and literary work. He has done 
valuable work as a director of Lowell's City Library and of the 
School Board of Waterville ; has written reports and articles for 
periodicals, and is now writing "A History of Sullivan, N. H., to 
Its 20th Century." He has never married and his present resi- 
dence is 47 Emerald street, Keene, N. H. 

Rev. Benjamin Pranklin Shazv, D. D., son of Josiah and 
Tabitha (Watson) Shaw, was born in Gorham, Me., Oct. 26, 
1814. He entered Waterville College in 1833, a member of the 
class of 1837. In consequence of some class difficulty with the 
faculty, several left for other colleges. Young Shaw went to 
Dartmouth and was graduated from that college in 1837 but was 
afterward enrolled anion^ the graduates of Waterville College, 
so that his name stands with the class of 1837 in Colby's General 
Catalogue. This college also honored him with the honorary 
degrees of A. M. in 1871 and of D. D. in 1872. In 1870 he was 
made a member of its board of trustees and retained his place on 
the board until his death. He studied theolog}' one year in the 
Newton Theological Institution, i839-'40, and was ordained to 
the gospel ministry in 1843. He was the pastor of Baptist 
churches successively (and always successfully) in China, Liberty, 
Thomaston, Waterville, Dexter and Skowhegan, all in Alaine, 
served a period as missionary of the Maine Baptist Convention, 



HISTORY 01' WATERVILLE. 453 

and in this relation often also as occasional or permanent supply- 
in other churches did much valuable work. He loved his own 
State and refused flattering calls to important churches elsewhere, 
He loved especially to work among the smaller churches though 
having ample power to serve the larger. Dr. Shaw became pastor 
of the First Baptist church in Waterville in 1867 and after that 
until his death (Feb. 23. 1897,) resided here. The last years 
were years of a painful sickness, but of unimpaired strength of 
mind. He married Miss Mary J. Pratt about 1841. Their 
children are Ellen O. now Mrs. George F. Hunt of Newton, 
Mass, Maria, now Mrs. Frank A. Washburne of Thomaston, 
Me., Addie F., who was the wife of F. B. Philbrick, and Frank 
Kingsbery, now judge of the Waterville Municipal court. 

Dai'id NeiL'ton Sheldon was born June 26, 1807, at Suflield, 
Conn., the son of David and Elizabeth (Hall) Sheldon. He was 
fitted for college at Westfield, Mass., entered Williams College 
in the sophomore class, and graduated in 1830 with the valedic- 
tory oration. He was a tutor one year at Williams College, 
i83i-'32. He studied theology at Newton Theological Institu- 
tion, i832-'35, graduating in 1835 and being ordained as a Bap- 
tist minister the same year. He was married in Chelsea, Mass., 
Oct. 15, 1835, to Rachel Hobart Ripley, who was born in Boston 
and came of early colonial and Huguenot ancestry. She was a 
daughter of John and Jane (Molineux) Ripley. Oct. 25, 1835, 
they sailed for France, where he was a Baptist missionary, most 
of the time in Paris, but for about six months of 1839 in Donai. 
They returned to this country in the latter part of 1839. He 
was pastor of the Granville St., Baptist church, Halifax, N. S., 
from May 16, 1840, to Nov. 5, 1841, and came to Waterville, 
Maine, May 14, 1S42, and was pastor of the Baptist church one 
year, meanwhile giving instruction in French in the college. 
From 1843 to 1853 he was president of Waterville College and 
Professor of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy; received the 
degree of D. D. from Brown University in 1847, and was a mem- 
ber of the board of trustees, of Waterville College, 1853-1889. 
In 1853 he removed with his family to Bath, Maine, 
where he was for about three years pastor of the 
Baptist church. He then became pastor of the Uni- 
tarian church in Bath, and in 1862 returned to Water- 



454 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ville, where he was pastor of the First Unitarian Society until 
1878. He died in Waterville, Oct. 4, 1889. His wife survived 
him until 1896. He left also five children, Jane Ripley, the old- 
est, who died in England in 1898. Henry Newton, Orlando Wil- 
bur, Chauncey Cooley, Edward Stevens. Four other children 
died it\ childhood. During his life he published occasional ser- 
mons and was a contributor to the Christian Review. In 1856 
was published a volume under the title "Sin and Redemption,"^ 
containing twelve of his sermons and also an address on Moral 
Freedom delivered in 1855 before the literar}- societies of Water- 
ville College. He was much interested in the schools of Water- 
ville, and as a member of the school committee was actively con- 
cerned in their improvement. 

Rev. Joseph Oberlin Skinner, son of David and Abigail Skin- 
ner, was born in Piermont, N. H., Feb. 18, 1816; received a com- 
mon school education: taught school i832-'33; was employed in 
a Lowell, Mass., cotton mill, i834-'35 ; studied theology under 
Rev. Sylvanus Cobb, D. D., at Maiden, Mass, i836-'37: was 
ordained at Salem, N. H., Aug. 31, 1837: was pastor of Univer- 
salist churches as follows: in Holliston, Mass., i837-'40; Fram- 
ingham, Mass., i840-'44; Dudley, Mass., 1844- '46; Concord, 
Mass., i846-'48; Ludlow, Vt., i848-'5o: Chester, Vt., i850-'S3; 
Rockland, Me., i853-'59; Nashua, N. ?L. i859-'62; St. Albans, 
Vt., i863-'65; Malone, N. Y., i865-'67: East MontpeHer, Vt, 
i867-'69 ; Waterville, Me., i869-'73. He continued to reside at 
Waterville, supplying at Vassalboro, Fairfield and Sidney, and 
after an illness of 11 months died in Waterville, Jan. 12, 1879. 
He was twice married, first in May, 1846, to Miss Maria T. Barn- 
ard of Hartford, Conn., who died, Aug. 1852; second in June, 
1854, to Miss Condace L. Fullam of Ludlow, Vt. He was a 
Free Mason ; wrote a "History of the Masonic Lodge, Water- 
ville," edited "The Universalist Year Book," i867-'78; was asso- 
ciate editor of "Christian Reporter" and contributed to "Univer- 
salist Quarterly." He left in ]MSS much material for the history 
of Waterville. 

Rev. Samuel Francis Smith. D. D., was bom in Boston, Oct. 
21, 1808, and died in the same city, Nov. 16, 1895. The exact 

1. New York, Sheldon; Lftmport * Bliikenmn, Boston; Goul.\ & Lincoln, Chica- 
go; 8. C. Griggs & Co. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 455 

lensfth of liis life, therefore, was eighty-seven years and twenty- 
five days. Fitting for college in the Boston Latin School, where 
he won "'the Franklin Medal for primacy in scholarship," he went 
directly to Harvard and was graduated at the age of twenty-one, 
and thence to Andover Theological Seminary from which he 
was graduated at the age of twenty-four. After a year of edi- 
torial work in Boston he became pastor of the Baptist church in 
Waterville and the Professor of Modern Languages in the col- 
lege. Soon after his settlement in Waterville he was married to 
Miss Mary White Smith who made bright and glad his remain- 
ing years and still lives in the Newton Center home. After 
eight years at Waterville, Dr. Smith moved to Newton Center, 
Alass., to become pastor of the Baptist church in that place and to 
edit "The Christian Review," a Baptist quarterly. He served as 
editor seven years, as pastor twelve years and a half and for the 
next fifteen years was "Editorial Secretary of the Missionary 
L'nion," but continued to preach, usually as stated supply of some 
neighboring church. He loved to preach and till his death was 
often in the pulpit. Fittingly his death in Boston came suddenly 
while on his way to supply a pulpit. During his thirty-six years 
of public life and indeed to the end, he was a diligent student. 
Ever receiving, he also, as author, was ever giving. Fugitive 
pieces in the daily and weekly press ; quarterly review articles ; 
translations from German, French and Swedish writers ; books 
historical, biographical and poetical, — these are worthy products 
of an ever busy, fruitful and able pen. As a writer of our 
National hymn and of hymns of Christian worship, he is best 
known. His missionary hymn, "The Morning Light is Break- 
ing," is one of many widely known and much loved and sung. 
His hymns, in part, have been translated into foreign languages 
and when in his old age he visited the missionary stations of 
India and Burmah he heard them sung by the native Christians 
in their own languages. His last published volume was "Poems 
of Home and Country," and Prof. Alvah Hovey, D. D., in an 
unpublished memorial address, says of this volume that all who 
read it "must have been surprised and gratified by the revelations 
which it makes of his afifectionate devotion to wife and children." 
an affection and devotion fully reciprocated. One of his child- 
ren, President Daniel A. \\\ Smith, D. D., of Burmah is one of 



45^ HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

the most distinguished of the missionaries of the Baptist denomi- 
nation. 

Rev. IVilliam H. Spencer, D. D., son of David H. and Mary A. 
Spencer, was born in Knox, N. Y., Sep. 2, 1838 ; began his college 
course in Madison University, Hamilton, N. Y., but left to serve 
in the Union army ; completed his college course at Brown Uni- 
versity which gave him then the degree of A. B. and afterwards 
(1890) the honorary degree of D. D. ; was graduated from New- 
ton Theological. Seminary, Newton, Mass., in 1869. and ordained 
as pastor of the Baptist church, Foxboro, Mass., the same year ; 
remained there as pastor until April, 1879, when he became pas- 
tor of the First Baptist church, Waterville, Me. ; served this 
church with rare wisdom, ability and success until Feb., 1899, 
when he resigned his pastorate to accept that of the Bethany Bap- 
tist Church, Skowhegan, which he still retains. Leaving his 
studies in Hamilton, N. Y., for the service of his country, he 
enlisted in 6tst N. Y. Vols, and became successively 2nd lieut., 
1st lieut., captain and major; lost a leg on the battlefield; suf- 
fered as a prisoner of war ; and has continued to the present his 
patriotic services by orations, addresses and papers pre- 
])ared for army reunions, Decoration Days and other 
special occasions. On the 12th of October, 1869, he 
married Miss Mary E. Stevens, daughter of the late 
Rev. Edw. A. Stevens, D. D., long an eminent Baptist 
missionary in Burmah, and sister of Rev. Edw. O. Stevens, D. D., 
well known in Waterville and now returned to Burmah to con- 
tinue his missionary services. He has two children, Charles 
Worthen, now Professor of History in Colgate University, and 
Henry Russell. His residence is Skowhegan, Me. 

Rev. Edzvin Carey Whittemore, son of Isaac and Elizabeth 
(Hatch) Whittemore, was bom in Dexter, Me., Apr. 29, 1858. 
He prepared for college in the Dexter High School and Coburn 
Classical Institute; graduated from C. C. I. in 1875; from Colby 
University in 1879 and from Newton Theological Institution in 
1882. Ordained as pastor of the Baptist church in New Boston, 
N. H., in 1882, he was pastor of that church two years and has 
since been the pastor of Baptist churches in Auburn, Me., (1884- 
'89) and in Damariscotta (i889-'99). Since 1899 he has been 
pastor of the First Baptist church of \\'aterville. He is author 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 457 

of "History of Damariscotta Association," "Historyof First Bap- 
tist Church of Nobleboro," "Seventy-five years of the Maine Bap- 
tist ]VIissionary Convention," etc., is chairman of the editorial 
board of the Centennial History of Waterville, and furnishes for 
the Centennial Historical volume the chapter on the general his- 
tory of Waterville, th's being the historical address delivered at 
the centennial celebration. His constant advance in pulpit ability 
and pastoral efficiency and his valuable services to the denomina- 
tional interests of the State as a member of the permanent commit- 
tee of the Maine Baptist Convention, and in other ways have given 
him rank among the foremost Baptist ministers of Maine. On the 
25th of July, 1879, he married Miss Ida Macomber, by whom he 
has one child, Bertha Carey, who is a member of the class of 
1904, Colby College. Mr. Whittemore is a member of the 
American Historical Association and of the American Academy 
of Political and Social Science. 

Memorial of Nathaniel Milton Wood zmth sermons, edited by 
Nathaniel Butler, Lewiston, Me., Geo. A. Callahan, printer, 1877. 
In this octavo volume of 14.2 pages are contained the "Memorial 
Address" by the editor (father of ex-president Butler) and seven 
sermons of Dr. Wood, selected by the editor. The address is an 
accurate statement of the principal facts of Dr. Wood's life, and 
a sympathetic and just estimate of his ability, character and work. 
To this volume the reader of this notice is referred for a satis- 
factory knowledge of this able man and minister. He was born 
in Camden, Me., in 1822. When nearly twenty years of age 
his father, Ephriam Wood, who was engaged in extensive mer- 
cantile and commercial pursuits, allowed him to choose whether 
to take his share in the patrimony for use in a like business or for 
classical study. He chose the latter and entered Waterville Col- 
lege in 1840, and was graduated with honor in 1844. In his 
junior year he experienced a radical change of religious life and 
in 1843 was baptised into the Camden Baptist church. After a 
year in Mississippi, he returned to Covington, Ky., where for a 
year and a half he studied theology under Dr. R. E. Pattison, pre- 
viously president of Waterville College, and then president of the 
Western Baptist Theological Institute. In 1848 he became pastor 
of the Bloomfield (now Skowhegan) Baptist church. His subse- 
quent pastorates, all of them like his first, characterized by sig- 



458 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

nal power and fmitfulness, were in Waterville, Lewiston and 
Thomaston, in ]\Iaine, and in Upper Alton, 111. In the latter 
place he filled the chair of Systematic TheologA- in Shurtleff 
College For six years he was a member of the board of trustees 
of the college. He resigned his professorship and returned east 
in 1874. He resided in Boston and supplied churches occasion- 
ally until April, 1876. His health had now failed and in July 
following he returned to Camden to end his earthly life where 
he began it. He married Miss Caroline L. Bray, by whom he 
had three daughters, Marie E., Carrie Ella and Annie P. 




D()'"|-(>l: MDSKS AI'IM.l'yiNl.N 



CHAPTER XXIIl. 



THE MEDICAL PROFESSION. 
By Frederick Charles Thayer, M. D. 

For many years the profession of medicine divided with law 
and divinity the title of learned. It has always been, is now, and 
must ever continue to be both useful and honorable. It demands 
in the exercise of its duties altogether as much of brain and heart 
as any of life's great callings. In this and in every other civi- 
lized country medicine is so closely connected with the social and 
sanitary condition of the people upon the one hand, and with the 
status of education and general science on the other, that its pro- 
gress in the past, its position at the present, and the possibilities 
of its future render it a most interesting subject for study and 
contemplation. 

From the time when someone discovered that a broken limb 
laid straight and retained in that position was more comfortable 
and gave better results than one left without such care, the medi- 
cal man has been an important factor in the community. Up 
from the very dawn of history through myth, fable and tradition, 
through ill defined experiences, tinged with ignorance and super- 
stition, medicine has advanced from its small beginnings to 
become a recognized science, and the doctor has in every age 
constantly and unselfishly devoted himself in so far as he was 
able to the well-being of the people under his care. 

A history of the medical profession of Waterville during its 
first century of corporate life would necessarily be to a great 
extent a review of medical progress for the Nineteenth Century. 
However much of interest and instruction might obtain from such 
a review it would obviously be out of place and require too much 



460 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

space to recount the wonderful achievements which as a science 
and an art it has recorded since the year 1802. 

It requires no proof for it is a truism, that scientific medicine 
owes more to the discoveries made during this period than in all 
the years of which history gives an account. 

Anesthetics and antisepsis have revolutionized the methods of 
surgical practice making possible procedures otherwise unattain- 
able, thus adding unnumbered years to human life, and reducing 
human suffering to a minimum point not even dreamed of by the 
most optimistic medical man of a century ago. 

The realm of definite, practical, medical knowledge has been 
vastly broadened by the recent progress in pathology, clinical 
microscop} , and bacteriology which have made possible an under- 
standing of the causation and history of diseased conditions, and, 
correspondingly, modifications have taken place in the previously 
existing views of their prevention and treatment, much to the 
advantage of the profession and the betterment of the human 
race. 

The progressive march of medical science is the result of the 
intelligent, constant, persistent, unselfish labor of the medical 
man. No labor is too arduous, no investigation too difficult, no 
duty too dangerous, to deter the practitioner of the healing art 
from prosecuting his noble work. The pleasures of life, personal 
comfort, health, yes, life itself, is as freely and heroically sacri- 
ficed in the search for means of prevention and cure of disease as 
has ever been done by the martyrs to religious faith or political 
principle. 

It is a curious and lamentable fact however, that while the 
world seems ever ready to do kingly honors, to sing peans of 
praise, and erect magnificent mausoleums to the memory of the 
wholesale slayers of human life, those who have done so much 
to preserve life and to bring health and comfort to the human 
race receive but scant praise for all they have accomplished. 
Giving no thought to personal honor or emolument, the profes- 
sions continues to prosecute its humane work, knowing that a 
duty well and nobly done is its own recompense. 

From the time of Dr. John McKechnie to the present, 
there have always been in Waterville members of the profession 
who have stood preeminent for learning and professional skill. 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 461 

their council and advice having been sought by physicians from 
all the surrounding country. Not only have they been earnest 
seekers after the fundamental truths of their profession, honest, 
painstaking, and expert in the performance of their professional 
duty, they have also been ever ready to lend their aid in every 
good work. Indeed the medical men of Waterville are well 
typified in the history of its first three physicians, Dr. John Mc- 
Kechnie, Obadiah Williams and Moses Appleton. Besides 
being educated and skilled in their profession, they have ever 
been active and useful as citizens, possessed of practical judge- 
ment, having a large share of good common sense, full of enter- 
prise and public spirit, they have always been found at the fore 
in all matters pertaining to the social, moral and business welfare 
of the community. 

The writer takes this opportunity to return his thanks to Mr. 
Frank W. Alden for the very valuable assistance he has rendered 
in accumulating and arranging the data for the following bio- 
graphical sketches. 

V Dr. John McKecknie, an educated Scotch physician, came to 
this country in 1755, settled in Winslow in 1771, and in 1775 
moved to this side of the river. During the stay of Arnold's 
army at Fort Halifax, Dr. McKechnie acted as their surgeon. 
Besides attending to his medical duties he was an active civil 
engineer and business man. Many of his original surveys are 
still extant. He was the father of thirteen children. He was 
buried on the south side of Western Avenue on the high land just 
west of Hayden brook where his son, Obadiah, and many other 
early settlers were buried. This is believed to be the first burial 
ground in Waterville. 

^ Dr. Obadiah WiUiains was born in Antrim, N. H., March 21st, 
1752. He participated in the battle of Bunker Hill and after- 
wards served as surgeon in General Stark's regiment throughout 
the revolution. Some time after the war he moved to Sidney 
where he practiced his profession for a while, moving to Water- 
ville in 1792. Here he married Hannah Clifford who bore him 
seven children, five boys and two girls. Dr. Williams was a pub- 
lic spirited man as well as a good physician and was held in high 
esteem by the community. He gave the land for the first meet- 
ing house, now the Common in front of the new City Hall. He 



462 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

built the first frame house in W'aterville and it is still occupied. 
He died in 1799. Both Dr. IMcKechnie and Dr. Williams died 
as citizens of Winslow, Lincoln County, Massachusetts, Water- 
ville not then having been incorporated. 

Dr. Moses Appleton was born in Ipswich, N. H., in 1783, came 
to Watervillc, then known as Ticonic village, of the town of 
Winslow, Lincoln County, Massachusetts, in 1796. After hav- 
ing completed his medical studies under Governor Brooks of 
Medford, Mass., where he received the degree of ]\L D. from the 
Massachusetts Medical Society, he began the practice of medicine 
here. He opened the first drug store in Waterville and was for 
many years the most prominent physician of this section. He 
was the first resident physician of the incorporated town of 
Waterville. He died in 1849. 

(Drs. McKechnie, Williams and Appleton are treated more 
fully in the chapter of early settlers, where a more complete 
sketch of their lives will be found.) 

In 1807, Dr. Wright and Dr. Bigelo'.i', practiced medicine here 
for a short time only. It is to be regretted that no further 
information can be discovered concerning them. 

Dr. Daniel Cook was born in Kingston, Mass., July 29th, 1785, 
graduated from Brown University in 1809. He studied medi- 
cine in Boston, practicing there for a short time. He was an 
assistant surgeon in the army during the war of 1812, coming 
to Waterville about that time, and associating himself with Dr. 
Appleton. He quickly became identified with the place, was 
made a director of the old Waterville Bank in 1814, in 1816, was 
elected representative to the Massachusetts legislature. In 1820, 
he built the first brick dwelling house in Waterville, which is now 
standing just south of the L^^nitarian church, and which he sold 
in 1834 or 5, to Dr. Stephen Thayer. In 1833 he was cashier 
of Ticonic Bank. He moved to Maumee, Ohio, in 1834, and died 
there in 1863. He married Clarissa Watson of Portsmouth, 
N. H., January 12th, 1813. To them were born six children, 
one of whom is now living, Daniel Francis Cook, of Maumee, 
Ohio, who is remarkably well and vigorous at eighty-eight years 
of age. Dr. Cook's eldest daughter married Hon. W. B. S. Moor 
of Waten'ille, formerly U. S. Senator. 




DOCTOR STEPHEN THAYER. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 463 

'Dr. Hall Chase was tlie son of Thomas Chase of Fryeburg, 
Me., where he was born April 7, 1792. He received his early 
education in the common schools of Fryeburg, and afterward 
graduated from Dartmouth college where he received the degree 
of JM. D. He came to Waterville in 1812, where he practiced 
his profession for 39 years. He died July 21, 185 1. He was a 
surgeon in the State militia and a member of Waterville Lodge, 
F. & A. M. He was married to Hannah McMillen Spring of 
Saco, February 25, 1819, and had five children, Helen Maria; 
Marshall Spring ; Geo. Randolph ; John Spring, and Julia S. 
John is still living in New York city. 

Dr. Clark Lillybridge was a student in \\'aterville College, 
theological department, in 1821. He afterwards went to Bow- 
doin and graduated from the medical department in 1824. He 
settled in Waterville and became prominent in town afifairs. He 
was a member of Waterville Lodge, F. & A. M. He married a 
daughter of Abijah Smitli. After a few years he moved to Staf- 
ford, Conn. 

Dr. Samuel Plaisted was born in Gardiner, Me., November 
21, 1801. Son of Ichabod and Charity (Church) Plaisted. He 
was graduated from Brown University in 1825. received the 
degree of M. D. from the Maine Medical School in 1828. He 
directly came to Waterville where he practiced his profession 
until the time of his death, April 14, 1862, being recognized 
as one of the foremost physicians in this vicinity. June 22, 1830, 
he married Mar}' Jane Appleton, daughter of Dr. Appleton. 
They had three children, Aaron Appleton. James Hamilton, and 
Florence. Aaron Appleton and Florence are still residing here. 
Dr. Plaisted was active in business circles, was one of the direc- 
tors of the old Waterville Bank, and in the early fifties was inter- 
ested together with several other Waterville men in the manu- 
facturing of paper. 
^ Dr. Stephen Thayer was of French Hugenot extraction and 
descended from both Pilgrim and Puritan stock. His earliest 
American ancestor of the name came from Braintree, England, 
and settled in Braintree, Mass.. in 1631. His great-great grand- 
father married Huldah Haywood, who was a grand-daughter of 
Thomas, through whom the line is carried back to Experience 
Mitchell who came to Plymouth in the Ann in 1623, and mar- 



464 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ricd Jane Cook of the Mayflower. Stephen was born in 
Uxbridge, Mass., on February 7, 1783. He attended the Ips- 
wich Academy and studied medicine with Dr. Muzzy of Ipswich, 
receiving the degree of M. D. from the Massachusetts Medical 
Society. He married Sophia Carleton of Vassalboro, May 13, 
1808, to them were bom thirteen children. Albert C, Charles 
H., Sophia A., Mary Y., Stephen S., Harriet N., George, Eme- 
line F., Elmira, Elvira, George H., Martha C, and Lorenzo 
Eugene. Harriet, Emeline and George H., are still living. His 
second wife was Mary Carleton whom he married Februarv' 10, 
1832. He practiced in \'assalborough, China and Fairfield, mov- 
ing to Waterville in 1835. During the war of 1812, he served 
as surgeon for a short time in Lieut.-Col. Herbert Moor's regi- 
ment. He was a delegate to the Constitutional convention held 
in Portland, October 11, 1819. He had a large practice, both 
medical and surgical in the counties of Kennebec and Somerset. 
He died May 24, 1852. He always lived in the old brick house 
just south of the Unitarian church. His descendants in Water- 
ville are Dr. F. C. Thayer, Frances A. Atwood, Mrs. Florence 
O. Couillard, grandchildren. Nathan Pulsifer, L. Eugene, and 
Frank L. Thayer, great grandchildren. He was a charter mem- 
ber of Waterville Lodge, F. S: A. M., and its first treasurer. 

Dr. Joseph F. Potter during the early forties, practiced medi- 
cine here for several years. While here J. F. Noyes and V. P. 
Coolidge were at different times medical students under his direc- 
tion. About 1845, he moved to Cincinnati. Ohio, where he built 
up a large and lucrative practice, becoming quite prominent as 
a medical teacher as well as practitioner. 

Dr. l'\ P. Coolidge came from Livermore, Ale., studied medi- 
cine with Dr. Potter. He afterwards opened an office here and 
soon became a very popular physician. He is most prominent 
for having committed the only murder ever done in Waterville, 
when he killed his friend, Edward Mathews, on September 30, 
1847. He afterwards died in the State prison. 

Dr. Nathaniel A'. Boiitelle was the son of Timothy and Helen 
(Rogers) Boutelle, and was born June 13, 1821. Timothy Bou- 
telle was one of the most eminent lawyers of the State during 
the early part of the century. Nathaniel received his education 
in the schools of Waterville and Waterville College. He gradu- 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 465 

ated from the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia, in 1847. 
In 1848, he took post graduate courses in the Pennsylvania Hos- 
pital and the Obstetrical Institute of Philadelphia. He immedi- 
ately settled in Waterville where he remained until his death. 
He married Alary Keeley, daughter of Prof. G. W. Keely of 
Waterville College. They had two sons, Timothy and George 
K., the latter an attorney and now practicing in this city. In 
1857, Dr. Boutelle did more post graduate work in Europe. In 
1864, in response to a call for surgical assistance, he was assigned 
to hospital duty at Fredericksburg, where he performed very 
efficient service. Dr. Boutelle was ranked as one of the most 
skilled and learned physicians of the State. He was a member 
of the JMame Medical Association and one of its founders. He 
was a member of Waterville Lodge, F. & A. M. In 1875, he 
was made a director of the Ticonic Bank, and from 1884 until 
the time of his death was its president. He died in December, 
1890. 

Dr. Robert Thompson Davis was born in County Down, Ire- 
land, on August 28, 1823, being the son of John and Sarah 
(Thompson) Davis. He was educated at the Friends School, 
Providence, R. I., and Amesbury Academy. He graduated from 
Harvard Medical School in 1847. After receiving his degree 
he came to Waterville where he practiced medicine for three 
^•ears, he then moved to Fall River, Mass., where he at once 
sprung into prominence. He was a member of the Massachu- 
setts Constitutional Convention in 1853. In the Massachusetts 
Senate, 1859-61. Mayor of tall River in 1873, member of 
Congress in 1883-89. Aletropolitan sewerage commissioner in 
1889-92. Member of the Massachusetts State Board of Health, 
also member of the Massachusetts State Board of Charities. He 
was twice married, in 18.48 to Sarah C. Wilbur, and in 1862 to 
Susan Ann Hight. He has one child, Robert Charles. Dr. 
Davis is still a resident of Fall River, Mass. 

Dr. J. F. A^oycs was born August 2, 181 7, at South Kingston, 
R. I. He was the son of Robert Fanning and Sarah (Arnold) 
Noyes. He received his early education at Kingston Academy 
and Rev. Thomas Vernor's Latin School. In 1842 he began 
the study of medicine with Dr. Potter of Waterville. graduating 

30 



466 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

at the Jefferson IMedical College of Philadelphia in 1846. In 
1849 he commenced the practice of medicine in Waterville. In 
1852 he went to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he became associated 
with Dr. Potter, who had previously moved there. In 1854, he 
sailed for Europe, where he spent two years in study. He then 
returned to Waterville where he entered upon a large practice. 
In 1858 he again went to Europe where he spent a year in study, 
spending most of the time in Paris, ^^'hile there he was elected 
a member of the American Medical Society. He returned to 
Waterville in 1859 where he remained until 1863. During which 
period he had a large and growing practice. He performed 
many capital surgical operations and did a large consulting busi- 
ness. In 1863 he moved to Detroit, Michigan, where he at once 
entered upon a brilliant career. In 1873 he was appointed pro- 
fessor of Ophthalmology and Otology in the Detroit Medical 
College, and later Ophthalmic surgeon to the St. Mary's, Harper 
and Woman's Hospital. These positions he held for ten years. 
Dr. Noyes was a member of the following societies: American 
Medical Association, American Association for the Advancement 
of Science, American Ophthalmological and Otological Society, 
Michigan State Medical Society, Detroit Academy of Medicine, 
of which he was president in 1873, Detroit Medical and Library 
Association, Pioneer and Historical Society. Rhode Island His- 
torical Society, American Laryngological Rhinological and Oto- 
logical Society. He was al.so an honorary member of the Ohio, 
Rhode Island, Maine and Texas JMedical Associations. In 1895 
he donated a permanent free bed in the Rhode Island Hospital. 
He also took an active interest in establishing Oak Grove Asy- 
lum, at Flint, Michigan, a retreat for the insane, and provided 
funds for the erection of an amusement hall for the inmates, to 
be known as Noyes' Hall. He was made a Mason in Waterville 
Lodge in 1857. He died, February 16, 1896, and in accordance 
with his wish as expressed in his will "for sanitary reasons and 
as an example in the interest of humanity" his remains were 
cremated and his ashes now rest in Riverside Cemetery at Paw- 
tucket, R. I. 

Dr. Nathan Goldsmith Howard Pidsifcr was horn in the town 
of Eden, Mt. Desert Island, INIaine, January 24, 1824, son of 
Moses R. and Mary (Dunn) Pulsifer. He graduated from the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 467 

Dartmouth Medical School in 1S47, went to Cahfornia in 1849. 
returning, studied Homeopathy in Philadelphia, graduating from 
that school in 1852. He came to Waterville the same year, where 
he at once built up a large practice. His judgment of financial 
affairs was of a high order and he was for many years president 
of the People's National Bank, which office he held at the time 
of his death. October 24, 1855, he married Ann Cornelia Moor, 
daughter of \Vm. Moor one of the prominent business men of 
Waterville. To them were born four children, two daughters, 
Norah, wife of the late Frank L. Thayer, Cornelia, wife of H. L. 
Kelley, and two sons, Wm. M., and Ralph H., both of whom 
have been resident phvsicians in this citv. He died December 
8, 1893. 

Dr. John Benson and Dr. L. P. Babb both practiced medicine 
in \\'^atervi!le in the early fifties, for a short time. Dr. Benson 
was one of the founders of the Maine Medical Association, was 
a member of Waterville Lodge, F. & A. M., was surgeon in the 
United States medical service during the Civil War, moved to 
Newport in about 1853. Dr. Babb moved to Eastport where he 
died a few years ago. 

Dr. Byron Porter was born in Vienna, Me., May 11, 1802. He 
was graduated from the Maine Medical School in 1827. He 
practiced in Newburg, Dixmont, Hampden and Bangor, moving 
to Waterville in the latter part of 1857. Dr. Porter was mar- 
ried, March 21, 1831, to Eliza Jane Morse, to them were born 
five children. He purchased and lived for some time on the 
estate now owned and occupied by Geo. Fred Terry. He after- 
wards resided on the comer of College avenue and Union street, 
in the house now occupied by Dr. Knox. Because of declining 
health he went with his family, early in 1870, to southern New 
Jersey. He died at Worcester, Mass., in February, 1871. His 
son Parker and daughters Octavia and Evelyn are still living, 
and it is from Rev. William Churchill Reade, husband of Octavia 
that the data for this sketch was obtained. 

Dr. Thomas Albert Foster was born in Montville, Me., Febru- 
ary 20, 1827. He was the son of Thomas D. and Joanna 
(Carter) Foster. He was educated in the common schools of his 
native town, studied medicine at Albany Medical College, receiv- 
ing the degree of M. D. from the Pennsvlvania Medical School 



468 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

in 1856. He came to Waterville the same year, practicinj:;^ his 
profession until 1859, when he moved to Portland where he 
became very prominent. He died November 27, 1896. 

Dr. Henry Hancock Campbell was born at Farmington, Me., 
in 1820. Son of Moses and Abigail (Hancock) Campbell. He 
received his early education at Bloomfield Academy and the 
famous "Little Blue" school of Farmington. He graduated at 
the Dartmouth A^edical school in 1848, taking a supplementary 
degree at the Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia in 1849. 
Beginning practice at Fairfield Center immediately, where he 
remained until 1857, when he spent a year in the hospitals of 
Europe, after which he settled in Waterville where he built up 
a large general practice. He was a member of the State and 
County medical societies, also a member of the Congregational 
church at Waterville. Dr. Campbell was largely interested in 
real estate, having large holdings at the time of his death. He 
was one of the members of the committee who called the first 
Republican convention ever held in Somerset County. In 1852 
he married Julia A. Tobey, and to them were born five children, 
two of whom are now living, Annie J., wife of Rev. C. D. Crane, 
of Yarmouth, Me., and Dr. Geo. R. Campbell, who is a practic- 
ing phvsician in Augusta, Me. Dr. Campbell died in lanuary, 
1895. ' 

Dr. Atwood Crosby was born in Albion, Me., November i, 
1838. He was the son of Luther and Ethelinda (Getchell) 
Crosby. He entered Waterville College in 1859. remaining 
until 1861, when he enlisted as a private in the 3rd Maine Regi- 
ment, U. S. V. He was captured at the first Battle of Bull Run, 
anl for eleven months was in Libby Prison. He was paroled 
in June 1862. He at once began the study of medicine with 
Dr. Boutelle, attending lectures at Harvard and the Maine Medi- 
cal School where he received the degree of M. D. in 1864. He 
entered the United States Navy immediately upon his graduation, 
as a surgeon anrl served until the end of the war. He practiced 
at China and Buckfield. In 1866 he came to Waterville and 
associated himself with his former preceptor, Dr. N. R. Boutelle. 
He was married August 13, 1864, to Elizabeth Hanscom, by 
whom he had one child, Mary S. His wife died about 1867. In 
February, 1870, he married Samantha (Perkins) Wilson. To 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 469 

them were born four children, Carroll, Katherine, Margaret H., 
and Atwood H. In every relation of life and under most adverse 
circumstances Dr. Atwood Crosby was always the true man. 
He died January 25, 1883. 

Dr. Frederick Charles Thayer was born in Waterville, Sep- 
tember 30, 1844. He was the only child of Charles H. and Susan 
E. (Tobey) Thayer, and the grandson of Dr. Stephen Thayer. 
He attended the common schools, Waterville Academy and 
Franklin Family School for boys at Topsham, Me. Entered 
Waterville College in 1861, went to Union College in 1863. 
Studied medicine with Dr. James E. Pomfret of Albany, N. Y. 
Attended the medical lectures of Albany Medical College, 
1865-66. He graduated from the Maine Medical School in 1867. 
December 2, 1871, he married Leonora L. Snell, daughter of 
Judge Wm. B. Snell of Washington, D. C. He was president 
of Kennebec County Medical Association in 1878, was president 
of Alumni Association of the Medical department of Bowdoin 
College, which he was intrumental in founding, in 1885-6. In 
1884 the degree of A. M. was conferred upon him by Colby Uni- 
versity. In 1885-6 was a member of the Legislature, and in the 
latter year delivered the annual oration before the Maine Medical 
Association. Was president of the Maine Medical Association 
in 1887-8. Was alderman of Waterville in 1889. He has been 
master of Waterville Lodge, F. & A. M. Commander of St. 
Omer Commandery, K. T., and is now deputy grand commander 
of the Grand Commandery of Maine. He has served in the 
State militia as assistant surgeon and surgeon of the 2d Regi- 
ment, medical director of the ist Brigade and surgeon-general on 
the staff of Governor Henry B. Cleaves. He was the first presi- 
dent of the Waterville Trust Company and is now one of its 
directors. He is president of the Sawyer Publishing Company 
and the Riverview Worsted Mills and a director of the W. W. 
& F. R. R. Co. He founded and has been president of the 
Waterville Clinical Society. He is now president of the Board 
of U. S. Pension Examining Surgeons at Augusta, consulting 
surgeon to the Maine Central General Hospital at Lewiston, 
and to the City Hospital at Augusta. By his skill and 
success in capital surgical cases Dr. Thayer early gained an 
eminent position in his profession, which position he has ever 



470 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

since maintained. In addition to the care of his large business 
interests he has been prominently identified with all movements 
for the development and progress of the city for many years. 
He was president of the centennial committee of one hundred 
and of the executive committee, and the success of the celebra- 
tion is due in no small degree to his faithful attention and to his 
efficient generalship. Dr. Thayer lives in the house where he was 
born, No. 214 Main street. 

Dr. David P. StowcU was born in Townsend, Mass., September 
22, 1838. He was the son of Rev. David and Emily C. (Stanett) 
Stowell. He graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy in 1857. 
Was in Amherst College one year, studied medicine at Dart- 
mouth Medical School, taking the degree of M. D. from the Uni- 
versity of New York in 1862. He served one year in the regu- 
lar army as an assistant surgeon. November, 1863 he was com- 
missioned as assistant surgeon of the 8th New Hampshire Regi- 
ment, U. S. v., and served until June, 1864. He practiced medi- 
cine in Masonsville, N. H., and Mercer, Me., moving to W'ater- 
ville in 1878. In 1863, May 21st, he was married to Sarah E. 
Batchelder of Mt. Vernon. He has been in the city government 
as a member of the common council and has also been on the 
board of education. He is a Mason and a member of W. S. 
Heath Post, G. A. R. Dr. Stowell resides at No. 232 Main 
street. 

Dr. Frederick Morse Wilson was born at Hebron, December 
8, 1850. He was the son of Rev. Adam and Sarah (Ricker) 
Wilson. He graduated from Colby College in 1S71, received 
the degree of M. D. from Harvard Medical School in 1875. He 
practiced medicine in Waterville but a few years, when he 
moved to Bridgeport, Conn., where he has a large special prac- 
tice in eye and ear work. He is Ophthalmic surgeon to several 
hospitals and is a member of many medical societies. He mar- 
ried Carrie A. Scommers, November 13, 1883. They have two 
children and he resides at Bridgeport, Conn. 

Dr. George Bassett Hozvard was born in Winslow, Maine, in 
1850. He was the son of Cyrus and Cornelia Abiah (Bassett) 
Howard. He graduated from Coburn Classical Institute in 
1871, from Colby College in 1875, taking the degree of M. D. 

Note. The sketch of Dr. Tliayer was prepareil by the ecUtor. 



HISTORY OP WATERVILLE. 47I 

from the medical department of New York University. In 1880 
he began the practice of medicine in Waterville. The same year 
in June, he married Hattie Hoar of Lowell, Mass. He died, 
November 13, 1893, after a long and trying illness, which he 
bore with great fortitude and resignation. 

Dr. francis Alton Roberts was born in Jackson, Me., August 
9. 1838. He was the son of Hamlin and Mary Ann (Rich) 
Roberts. He was educated in the common schools and took 
his degree of AI. D. from Dartmouth College in 1859. He prac- 
ticed in China and North Vassalborough, coming to Waterville 
in 1883, where he remained until his death, which occurred May 
26, 1892. He married Mary Frances Hussey, December 29, 
1862. To them was born one child. Emily. He was a Mason. 
Dr. Roberts had a large and lucrative homeopathic practice. 

Dr. James Frederick Hill was born in Waterville, June 15, 
1854. He is the son of James P., and Emeline (Simpson) Hill. 
He prepared for college at Coburn Classical Institute, entered 
Colby in 1878, began the study of medicine with Dr. F. C. Thayer 
in 1881. Attended medical lectures at Dartmouth, graduating 
from the Maine Medical School in 1885. Was assistant to Dr. 
Thayer from 1885-8 when they became partners. In 1895, 1896 
and 1897 he did post graduate work in New York and has since 
devoted himself to special work of the eye, ear, nose and throat. 
He is a member of the staff and consulting surgeon of the Maine 
Eye and Ear Infirmary, lecturer and examiner at Colby College. 
Member of the Maine Academy of Medicine, Maine Medical 
Association, Waterville Clinical Society, American Earyngologi- 
cal, Rhinclogical and Otological Society, American Medical 
Association, Kennebec Medical Association of which he has been 
president. He is a Mason, also past commander of St. Omer 
Commandery, an Odd Fellow, also Knight of Pythias. At 
present president of the Waterville Board of Trade. He was 
married, July 31, 1885, to Angle L. Foster. To them have been 
born three children, Marguerite, Frederick and Howard. He 
resides at No. 225 Main street, and his office is at iii Main 
street. 

Dr. John L. for tier was born in 1853 at St. Sylvester, P. O. 
Son of Frederick and Esther (Wright) Fortier. He received his 
preparatory education at Christian Brother's School at St. Mary, 



472 HISTORY OF WATEin'ILLE. 

P. Q., and his classical education at Sherbrook and Three 
Rivers. He began the study of medicine in 1879 with Dr. H. H. 
Campbell of this city. He graduated from the Maine Medical 
School in 1883. He is a member of the IMaine Medical Associa- 
tion, Waterville Clinical Society of which he is now president, 
French Historical Society of Massachusetts, and of numerous 
Catholic orders. He married Louisa Martel, October 21. 1886. 
They have had one child, Lora C. Dr. Fortier resides at No. 86 
Silver street. 

Dr. Alden E. Bessey was born at Hebron, Me., January i. 
1838. He was the son of Erastus and Sally (Smith) Bessey. 
He prepared for college at Hebron Academy and IMaine Wes- 
leyan Seminary. He entered Amherst College with the class 
of 1869. He graduated from the Maine Medical School in 1870. 
He practiced medicine at Wayne, Sidney, moving to Waterville 
in 1890. He is a member of the Maine Medical Association, 
Kennebec Medical Association and the Waterville Clinical 
Society, of the last two he has been president. He is a member 
of the Congregational church. Dr. Bessey has been twice mar- 
ried, first, to Helen J. Morton in 1863, by whom he had two sons, 
Merton W., and Earl E., both of whom are physicians. He was 
married in 1874 to Clara A. Forbes, they have one daughter, 
Lenora, a graduate of Colby in the class of '99. Dr. Bessey 
resides at No. 72 Elm street. 

Dr. Mattheiv S. Goodrich was born at Palmyra, Me., Januar\- 
24, i860. He was a son of Rev. Jos. B., and Amanda J. 
(Gower) Goodrich. He received his early education in the com- 
mon schools and at the I\Iaine Central Institute. Received the 
degree of M. D. from the medical department of New York 
University in 1882. Practiced medicine in Fairfield until 1890, 
when he moved to Waterville, after having done some post 
graduate work in New York. He was a U. S. pension examiner 
in Somerset County in 18S5-0. He is a member of the Maine 
Medical Association, also Kennebec County Association. He is 
a member of Waterville Lodge. F. & A. M., of St. Omer Com- 
mandery, K. T., and Portland Consistory. He has been alder- 
man of the city of Waterville and now represents his ward in 
the common council. He married Miss Etta Warren, .\pril 5, 
1901. He resides at No. 224 Main street. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 473 

Dr. Ralph H. Pnhifer, the son of Dr. N. G. H. and Ann 
(Moor) Pulsifer, was born in Waterville, Ang^ust 19, 1865. 
Graduated from Cobum Classical Institute in 1882, Colby Col- 
lege in 1886. Received the degree of M. D. from the medical 
department of Boston University in 1889, and from the Hahne- 
mann Medical College of Philadelphia, in 1890. He practiced 
medicine in Waterville for two years when he moved to Skow- 
hegan, reriiaining until 1897, when he returned to Waterville. 
February 23, 1S93 he married Miss Grace Yeaton. They have 
one son. He now resides at Vassalborough. 

Dr. Charles Porter Siiiall was bom in Bangor. November 16, 
1863. He was the son of Rev. A. K. P. and Thankful L. (Wood- 
bury) Small. Graduated from the Fall River, Mass., high 
school in 1882, Colby College in 1886. Received the degree of 
M. D. in the Maine Medical School in 1889. He was an interne 
at the Maine General Hospital 1889-90. Assistant surgeon at 
National Soldiers' Home, Togus, 1890-91. Practiced medicine 
in Waterville one year when he moved to Chicago, where he now 
resides. 

Dr. Joseph Knox, the son of Isaac and Amanda (Orbeton) 
Knox, was bom in Clinton, February i, 1845. He attended 
school at Corinna Union Academy. He enlisted August 18, 
1862 and served in the nth Maine Regiment until discharged 
because of ill health. He graduated from the Hahnemann Medi- 
cal College of Philadelphia in 1877. He practiced in Orono 
from 1877-92, when he moved to this city. He is a member of 
Waterville Lodge, F. & A. M., is a Knight Templar, also an Odd 
Fellow. He resides at No. 11 College avenue. 

Dr. William Moor Pulsifer, son of Dr. N. G. H. and Ann 
(Moor) Pulsifer, was bom in Waterville, August 18, 1863. 
Graduated from Coburn Classical Institute in 1878, from Colby 
College in 1882. Received the degree of M. D. from Harvard 
Medical School in 1887, and from the Hahnemann Medical Col- 
lege in 1888. He at once began the practice of medicine in 
Skowhegan. Moved to Waterville in 1892, returning to Skow- 
hegan in 1900, where he now resides. October 2, 1896 he mar- 
ried Helen G. Libby, daughter of the late I. C. Libby. They 
have one child, Libbv Pulsifer. 



474 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Dr. Carroll White Abbott, son of Henry and Charlotte A. 
(White) Abbott was born at Rumford, Me., August 29, 1855. 
He received his early education at Oxford Normal Institute and 
Hebron Academy, graduating from the Maine Medical School 
in 1 88 1. He immediately began the practice of medicine in 
Albion, where he remained until 1893, at which time he came 
to Watervillc. He is a member of the Maine Aledical Associa- 
tion, Kennebec Medical Society and the Waterville Clinical 
Society, in the last two of which he has served as president. He 
is a Mason, Knight Templar, Odd Fellow, and a member of the 
Christian church of Albion. He was mayor of Waterville in 1898, 
and is at present a member of the board of education. October 
4. 1882. he married Georgia A. Wilson, daughter of Dr. Wilson 
of Albion. They have two children, Henry \\\ and Mary C. 
Dr. Abbott resides at No. i Spring street. 

Dr. Maurice K. Duinell, son of Louis G. and Louisa W. 
Dwinell, was bom at East Calais, Vt., in i860. He received 
the degree of j\L D. from the medical department of Boston 
University in 1883. Located in North Vassalborough the same 
year, coming to Waterville in 1892. He is a IMason. He resides 
at 131 Main street. 

Dr. Charles Godeon Rancour!, son of Jerome and Ludivine 
(Roy) Rancourt, was born at St. George, P. O., October 9, 1865. 
He graduated from Levis College in 1889, taking the degree of 
M. D. at Laval University in 1893. He immediately settled in 
Waterville, where he still resides at No. 82 Temple street. He 
is a member of the Maine Academy of Medicine, Kennebec Medi- 
cal Association and Waterville Clinical Society. He has been 
twice married, first to Georgiana Vezina on June 22, 1894, to them 
were born two children, Mary Blanche and a son who died in 
infancy. His second wife is Fabiola Bellefeinlle, to whom he 
was married, April 21, 1898. They have had two children, 
Florence, and one son who died in infancy. 

Dr. Luther G. Bunker, son of John E. and i\Iary A. (Alley) 
Bunker, was born at West Trenton, Me., March 19, 1868. He 
attended Blue Hill Academy and in 1892 took the degree of M. 
D. from the Bowdoin Medical School. He immediately began 
practice at North Berwick and Sanford, Me., moving to Water- 
ville in 1895. W^s city physician from 1898 to 1901, and is at 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 475 

present secretar\- of the Board of Health. He is a member of 
the Alaine Aledical Association, Kennebec County Medical 
Society and Waterville Clinical Society. He is a Mason and 
Knight of Pythias. His office is at No. 50 Main street. 

Dr. George Russell Campbell, son of Dr. Henry H. and Julia 
A. (Tobey) Campbell, was born in Waterville, April 20, 
1867. Fitted for college at the Cobnrn Classical Institute, 
graduated from Colby College in 1891. Took his medical degree 
at the Medical School of Maine in 1895. Practiced medicine in 
Waterville one year, moved to Sidney and in 1901 moved to 
Augusta, where he now resides. He is a member of the Ameri- 
can ]\Iedical Association, Maine Medical Association, and the 
Kennebec County Medical Society. He is a Alason and a 
Knight of Pythias. September 25, 1895, he married Lillian H. 
Hallock. They have one child, Mildred. 

Dr. Merton IV. Bessey, son of Dr. A. E. and Helen (Morton) 
Bessey, was born in Buckfield, J\'le., October 30, 1868. Edu- 
cated at Coburn Classical Institute, Colby College and Farm- 
ington State Normal School. Took his medical degree at the 
Medical School of Maine in 1895. He immediately began the 
practice of medicine in Waterville, being associated with his 
father, Dr. A. E. Bessey. He has been an instructor in biology 
in Colby College since 1898. He is a member of the Elaine 
Academy of Medicine, Kennebec County Medical Society, and 
Waterville Clinical Society. He is a Mason, and a Knight of 
Pythias. July 30, 1901, he married Hattie B. Vigue. Dr. 
Bessey resides at No. 182 Main street. 

Dr. Ausliii Thomas, son of Stephen and Eunice Miriam 
(Bragg) Thomas, was born at Waterville, September 6, 1844. 
He graduated from Colby in 1866, and from the ]Maine ]\Iedical 
School in 1870. He has spent the most of his professional life 
at Unity, moved to Waterville in 1898, returning to Unity after 
a few years, where he now resides. He has been twice mar- 
ried, first to Mary Ella Norton on September 17, 1873. There 
were born to them two children. His second wife was 'Sirs. 
Mary S. M. Foote, whom he married November 17, 1897. 

Dr. Edzvavd Wheeler Boyer. son of Edward and Harriett 
(Harnett) Boyer, was born at Florenceville, N. B., November 3, 



476 HISTORY OK WATERVILLE. 

18C5. He took Ilis medical degree at the Vermont University 
in 1887. He practiced in Monticello and Fairfield, moving to 
Waterville in 1899. He is a member of the Maine Medical Asso- 
ciation, Maine Academy of Medicine and the \\'aterville Clinical 
Society. He is a Mason and a Knight Templar. October 6, 
1895 he married Caroline Gould Rice. They have one child, 
Wendell Edward. Dr. Boyer resides at No. 84 Elm street. 

Dr. Edson Everett Goodrich, son of Joseph B. and Amanda J. 
(Gower) Goodrich, was bom in Palmyra, Me., September 16, 
1877. H^e graduated at Coburn Classical Institute and took his 
medical degree from the Baltimore University School of Medi- 
cine. He at once began the practice of his profession in Water- 
ville, being associated with his brother, Dr. M. S. Goodrich. 
June 26, 1901, he married Eva M. Towne. He is a member of 
the American Medical Association, Maine Medical Association, 
and the Maine Academy of Medicine. Dr. Goodrich resides at 
No. ^y Elm street. 

Dr. John Gerald Tcccnc, the son of Edwin and Lydia Ann 
(Gerald) Towne was born in Waterville, j\Iay 26, 1877. He 
graduated from the Baltimore University School of 'Medicine 
in 1900. He is a Mason and an Odd Fellow. Dr. Towne 
resides at No. 37 Elm street. 

Albert Colby Getchell, M. D. Dr. Getchell is a son of Water- 
ville who has attained high rank in his profession. He was born 
in Waterville, July 9, 1857, the son of Walter and Antoinette 
Colby Getchell. He was educated at the Institute and at Colby, 
where he was graduated in the class of '78. He afterward studied 
at the Harvard Medical School, the Jefferson Medical College 
and the Philadelphia Polyclinic. On graduation from the Jef- 
ferson Medical College he took the surgical prize. Dr. Getchell 
has had experience in teaching, as principal of the Adams, Mass., 
high school and as principal of a grammar school in Worcester, 
Mass. Since 1885 he has been a physician in Worcester, 
Mass. For several years he was visiting physician to the Wash- 
bum Memorial Hospital and the Worcester City Hospital. In 
1883 he was elected librarian of the Worcester District Medical 
Library, a library of about 8,000 volumes, which position he still 
holds. Dr. Getchell has been a trustee of several of the State 
medical institutions and is now Laryngologist to the Worcester 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 477 

City Hospital, the Washburn Memorial Hospital and St. Vincent 
Hospital. He married, April 22, 1886, Miss Edith Loring 
Peirce of Philadelphia. They have two children, Ruth Peirce 
and Margaret Colby. Dr. Getchell is a member of the Massa- 
chusetts Medical Society, the American Medical Association, the 
American Clinatologica! Association, etc. Of social clubs he is 
a member of the Shakespeare, the Worcester Art Society, the 
Worcester Music Association, the Bohemians, the Tatnuck 
Country Club, etc. 

Dr. Percy Shepherd Merrill, son of A. F. and Hattie E. 
(Thomas) Merrill, was born in Bangor, November 2, 1872. 
Graduated from Colby College in 1894. Received his medical 
degree from the University and Bellevue Hospital ]\Iedical Col- 
lege in 1890. Was interne one year in Bridgeport, Conn., 
hospital. Began practice in Gardiner, Me., moving to Water- 
ville in 1901. He is, at present, city physician. Dr. ^Merrill 
resides at No. 5 Dalton street. 

Dr. Joseph Arthur Pineau, son of Marcellin and Apoline (St. 
Laurent) Pineau, was born at Rimouski, P. Q., February 20, 
1867. He graduated from the college of Rimouski, receiving 
his medical degree from Laval University in 1894. He began 
practice at Van Buren, Me., moved to Livermore Falls in 1S97, 
coming to Waterville in February, 1902. He was married, Janu- 
ary 8, 1896, to Leda Pelletier. They have four children. He 
resides at No. 137 Water street. 

Dr. Lewis King Austin, son of William King and Sarah Eliza 
(Thomes) Austin, was born in Portland, August 11, 1869. He 
took his medical degree at Jefiferson Medical College, Philadel- 
phia in 1894. He practiced medicine at Portland, Deering and 
Clinton, moving to this city in 1902. He devotes his attention 
entirely to diseases of the eye, ear, nose and throat. He is a 
member of the Maine Medical Association, Kennebec County 
Medical Society, and Waterville Clinical Society. He is a Mason 
and an Odd Fellow. His office is at No. 145 Main street. 



CHAPTER XXIV. 



^ 



THE BAR OF WATERVILLE. 
]3y Hon. Simon Stratton Bkown. 

The following is a brief sketch of the lawyers who have prac- 
ticed law here since the incorporation of the town in 1802 to the 
present time. They have all been men of character and have 
clone their part in making Waterville what it is to-day. A large 
part of them have served in the Legislature, and have aided in 
building up the code of statute laws by which our State is now 
governed. They have had large and honorable part in the man- 
agement of town and city affairs, have contributed their full 
share to the business prosperity of the city and in all matters 
of public interest have been ready with voice and hand for every 
forward movement. 

Reuben Kidder. The first lawyer to practice his profession 
in Waterville was Reuben Kidder. He was a man of thorough 
scholarship and legal training and was also a public-spirited 
citizen. As the facts of his life have been given by Mr. A. A. 
Plaisted in his chapter in this volume, on the early settlers, they 
need not be repeated here. Suffice it is to say that the line of 
Waterville lawyers had a good man to stand at its head. 

Timothy BoutcUe. One of the first lawyers who practiced in 
his profession at Waterville, was Timothy Boutelle. He was 
born in Leominster, Mass., November 10, 1777. He was a lineal 
descendant of James Boutelle, who came from England in 1635 
to Salem, Mass. Timothy Boutelle graduated from Harvard 
College in 1800. He was admitted to the bar in Massachusetts 
in 1804 and came to Waterville the same year, where he practiced 
law till the time of his death, November 12, 1855. In 181 1 he 




HON. EDMUND FUT.I.EK WEBB. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 4/9 

married Helen, the daughter of Judge Rogers. One of his 
daughters married Edwin Noyes, a prominent Waterville lawyer, 
and one son, Dr. N. R. Routelle. was a prominent physician and 
surgeon in Waterville. Timothy Boutelle was one of the prom- 
inent lawyers of his day. An examination of the reports of our 
law court during his time will disclose the fact that he took part 
on one side or the other in a very large portion of the cases then 
presented to that court, and by his rare ability and industry as 
a lawyer he took a prominent part in establishing the laws which 
have since controlled and regulated the legal rules of conduct of 
our people to the present time. He was also an influential busi- 
ness man. He was very influential in making Maine an inde- 
pendent state. He was first State Senator to the Legislature 
from the Kennebec District.^ 
^ George Keely Boutelle. Mr. Boutelle is the son of Dr. N. R. 
and Mrs. Mary Keely Boutelle, and was born in Waterville, 
March 15, 1857. He was educated at Harvard University and 
at the Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1888. 
October 24, 1891, he was married to Miss May Wheelock, the 
grand-daughter of Judge May. They have two children, Kather- 
ine and Elizabeth. Since his admission to the bar, Mr. Boutelle 
has been in practice in Waterville. His large business interests 
occupy a considerable portion of his time. He is president of 
the Ticonic Bank, as were his father and his grandfather before 
him. He is also president of the Waterville & Fairfield Railway 
and Light Company, and is treasurer of Colby College, of which 
he has been for some years a trustee. He is also a trustee of 
Coburn Classical Institute. Mr. Boutelle is a member of the 
Masonic order and of the Episcopal church. 

y' Simon Straiten broivn, son of Luke and Polly Oilman Brown, 
was born in Clinton, Maine, July 6, 1833. He fitted for college 
under Dr. J. H. Hanson at Waterville Academy. He entered 
Waterville College in 1854, from which institution he graduated 
in the class of 1858 with Phi Beta Kappa rank. He was admitted 
to the bar in 1859 and began practice at Fairfield in 1864. He 
moved to Waterville in 1881. He was elected a member of the 
Governor's council in 1879. He served several years on the 
board of education in both Fairfield and Waterville. At the 

1. Vld chapter on Early Settlers. 



4^0 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

organization of the city of Watervillc in 1888 he was elected a 
member of the board of aldermen, of which board he was chair- 
man continuously for five years. He was a member of the 
Democratic National Convention in 1880 and in 1884. He was 
for seven years a member of the Democratic State committee 
and for four years its chairman. He represented his citv in the 
House of Representatives in the session of 1893. June 30, 1861, 
Mr. Brown was married to Miss Hepsie B. Wiggin. They have 
four children, Frank E.. of the legal firm of Brown and Brown ; 
Jennie B., wife of Mr. Alpheus Flood ; William Wirt, a graduate 
of Colby in the class of '98. and Mrs. Caddie H. Burleigh. Mr. 
Brown is a member of the Masonic fraternity and an attendant 
at the Unitarian church. 

Frank Ellsivorth Bro';cn, .son of S. S. and Hepsie B. Brown, 
was born at Freedom, Waldo county, June 14, 1863. He 
received his education in the public schools of Fairfield and later 
he entered Coburn Classical Institute and graduated from that 
institution in the class of 1882. On July 8, 1896 he married Mae 
F. Wentworth, daughter of Charles Wentworth of Clinton. He 
was four years clerk in the United States Mail Service. He was 
admitted to the bar in March, 1895, whereupon he began the 
practice of law in company with his father, where he has con- 
tinued to the present time. He has been for seven years city 
clerk of the City of Watcrville. He belongs to the Masonic fra- 
ternity and is also a member of the order of the Knights of 
Pythias. 

Leonard D. Carver was born at Lagrange, Maine, January 26, 
1841. He was son of Cyrus and Mary Waterhouse Carver. 
His early education was received in the common schools, and 
while he was fitting for college at Foxcroft Academy in 1861 he 
left that institution and enlisted in the Milo Light Artillery 
which was subsequently made Company D of the 2nd Maine 
Regiment, commanded by Col. C. D. Jameson. This regiment 
had the honor of being the first Maine regiment to report for 
duty at the seat of war. Mr. Carver was engaged in all the bat- 
tles and skirmishes which fell to the lot of his regiment. He 
was in the first Battle of Bull Run, where he distinguished him- 
self as a man of courage. After leaving the army he resumed 
his studies and graduated from Colby University in the class of 



HISTORY OF WATEUVXLLi:. 481 

1868. He read law with Hon. Reuben Foster at Waterville and 
was admitted to the bar in 1876, after which time he practiced 
law in Waterville till he was appointd State librarian in October, 
1890. He is president of the Association of State Librarians, a 
national association. He is a member of the Maine Historical 
Society and several other literary organizations In 1877 he mar- 
ried Mary C. Low, also a graduate of Colby College. Their 
only daughter, Miss Ruby Carver, is a member of the class of 
1904, Colby College. Since 1890 Mr. Carver has resided at 
Augusta. 

Fred JV. Clair was born at Oldtown, Me., in i866, the son of 
John B. and Ellen E. Clair. He was educated in the public 
schools and Coburn Classical Institute, from which institution 
he graduated in 1886. He read law in the office of S. S. Brown, 
was admitted to the bar in 1891 .and since that time has been in 
practice in Waterville. He has served his city as city clerk and 
as city solicitor, and as clerk of the executive committee of the 
centennial celebration. November 27, 1895, Mr. Clair married 
Miss Elmire Couturier. They have two children, Yvette and 
Adrienne. Mr. Claire is a Catholic and a member of the A. O. 
U. W., the American Benefit Society, the Knights of Columbus, 
L' Union Lafayette, Knights of the Maccabees, etc. 

Harold Elijah Cook. Harold Elijah Cook was born in 
Charleston. Maine. He is the son of George Dillwyn and Helen 
Dunning Cook. He received his education at Higgins Classical 
Institute and at the Law School at the University of Maine, from 
which he received the degree of LL. B. He married Alberta 
Fayette Parks Sept. 16, 1895. He was admitted to the bar 
March 8, 1900. He is practicing his profession in company with 
F. I. Small, in this city, under the firm name of Cook & Small. 

Everett Richard Dniinntoiid. Everett Richard Drummond, 
son of Clark Drummond, was born at Winslow, September 14, 
1834. He received his early education in the common schools of 
his native town. He spent one term each at the Winslow High 
School, Waterville Academy, and Maine Wesleyan Seminary at 
Kent's Hill, and two or three more terms at Vassalboro Academy. 
He read law at Waterville with his brother, Josiah H. Drum- 
mond. He was admitted to the bar in 1858, and at once formed. 

31 



482 HISTORV OF WATKRVII.LK. 

a partnership with his brother, whidi continued 'till the latter 
moved to Portland in the spring of i860. He then formed a 
partnership with E. F. ^Vebb, which continued 'till 1863. In 
1874 he was elected treasurer of the Waterville Savings Bank, 
which position he has held to the present time. December 26, 
1859, he was married to Aubigne INT. Bean. He has been town 
clerk of Waterville and a member of the board of aldermen. For 
about twenty years he has been one of the trustees of the Maine 
Wesleyan Seminary and Female College at Kent's Hill. 

Mr. Drummond's children are : Mrs. Viola B. Thomes, Clark 
W., who died in 1898, Albert F., a graduate of Colby in the class 
of '88, now assistant treasurer of the \\^aterville Savings Bank, 
and Mrs. Aubigne E., wife of Mr. Elwood T. Wyman. 

Josiah Hayden Drummond. Josiah Harden Dnimmond was 
born in the town of Winslow, Maine, August 30, 1827. He 
graduated from Waterville College in 1846. He read law in the 
office of Timothy Boutelle and Edwin Noyes, and in 1850 was 
admitted to the bar of Kennebec County and commenced practice 
at Waterville, where he continued his profession 'till i860, 
when he opened his law office in Portland, where he is still in 
practice. In 1851 he became connected with the Androscoggin 
and Kennebec Railroad Company. In 1864 he became a director 
in the Maine Central Railroad Company, of which he has been 
clerk since 1866. He has also been chief counsel of that corpo- 
ration. He has been speaker of the State House of Representa- 
tives. In 1859 he was elected to the State Senate, and in i860 
he was elected attorney general of the State. He is a dis- 
tinguished member of the Masonic fraternity. Scarcely any one 
in that fraternity has done more for it than he has, both in writ- 
ings and in filling eminent stations. In 1867 he was elected 
grand commander of the United Supreme Council, the highest 
office in the gift of the fraternity. In 1871 the degree LL.D. 
was conferred upon him by Colby University. Mr. Drummond 
has been for many years one of the trustees of Colbj' College, and 
is the president of that board. Though long a resident of Port- 
land, Mr. Drummond is very loyal to Waterville, its institutions 
and its interests. 

Harvey Doanc Eaton. Harvey Doane Eaton was born at 
North Cornville, September 20, 1862, son of Augustus B. and 



HISTORY UF WATERVILLE. 483 

Harriet Armstrong Eaton. Mr. Eaton received his education in 
Somerset Academy, Waterville Classical Institute and Colby 
University, and Harvard Law School. He graduated from 
Colby in the class of 1S87, and from Harvard Law School in the 
class of 1891. He married Estelle Merrill Foster in October, 
1891. He was admitted to the bar in 1891 and immediately com- 
menced the practice of law in Waterville. He has served his city 
as city solicitor and as a member of the board of education, being 
for one year chairman of that board. He has four children, viz. : 
Harvey Doane Eaton, Jr., Foster Eaton, Florence Eaton, Harriet 
Eaton. He is the author of the Kennebec Water District Asso- 
ciation, the object of which is to form a corporation to supply the 
city of Waterville and towns of Fairfield, Benton and Winslovv 
with pure water. He is president of the Messalonskee Electric 
Light Company, and is connected with many business interests 
of importance. 

Reuben Foster. Reuben Foster was born in Bethel, in Oxford 
County, in 1833, the son of Reuben B. and Sarah Bartlett Foster. 
He entered Waterville College in 1851, graduating in 1855. 
After his graduation from college he taught as principal of 
Vanceboro Academy for one year; then he commenced the study 
of law and was admitted to the bar in 1858. He practiced law in 
Waterville to the time of his death, on the twelfth day of October, 
1898. He was a careful, pains-taking lawyer. He gave consider- 
able attention to the buying and selling of real estate, of which he 
had large holdings in his town. He was elected to both branches 
of the Legislature and became presiding officer in both branches. 
He was the first mayor of the City of Waterville, and afterward 
served as chairman of the board of education. He married Miss 
Frances C. Howe, and their only son, Dana Pitt Foster, became 
associated with him in the law finn of Foster & Foster. 

Dana Pitt Foster. Dana Pitt Foster, son of Reuben Foster, 
was born August 28, 1869, at Waterville, Maine. He received 
his early education in the public schools of his native city. He 
afterwards pursued a course of study at Coburn Classical Insti- 
tute. He graduated from Colby College in the class of 1891, 
and afterwards took a course of the study of law in Yale Law 
School. He married Adelaide Dix Hopkins October 22, 1894. 
He was admitted to the bar in 1893 and commenced practice with 



484 IIISTOKV 01' WATKKVII.I.K. 

his father and has continued his practice to the present time. He 
has in the meantime been city clerk, and at the present time is 
city soHcitor, having held the same office in 1900 and 1901. He 
received from the College the degree of A. B., and from the Law 
School the degree of LL. B. His children's names are Clara 
Roberts and Adelaide Foster. He is a member of Waterville 
Lodge, F. and A. M., and of St. Omer Commandery, Knights 
Templar. 

IVilliam 'i'homas Haines. William Thomas Haines, son of 
Thomas J. and Maria Eddy Haines, was born at Levant, Maine, 
in 1854. He received his education in East Corinth Academy, 
University of Maine and Albany Law School. He commenced 
the practice of law in Oakland, in 1879, and moved to Waterville 
in 1880, where he has continued his law practice to the present 
time. He has represented Waterville in both branches of the 
State Legislature. He was County Attorney for four years and 
Attorney General of the State from 1897 to 1901, and is a mem- 
ber of the Governor's Council. He has been a trustee of the 
State College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, now the Uni- 
versity of Maine, for many years, and has had an important part 
in the development of that institution. July i, 1883 Mr. Haines 
married Miss Edith S. Hemenway of Rockland, Me. His chil- 
dren are Ethel A., William and Gertrude W. Mr. Haines has 
large holdings in railroad property, owns timber lands in north- 
ern IMaine, on which he carries on lumbering operations, and is 
prominent in many business enterprises of the city. He is in 
the directorate of many corporations and is a trustee of Coburn 
Classical Institute. He is a member of the Masonic order. 

Oliver G. Hall was born at South Thomaston in 1834. From 
the common schools of that town he continued his education at 
Kents Hill and at Bucksport and when seventeen years of age he 
commenced teaching in Rockland. He studied law with Peter 
Thatcher of that city. He was admitted to Knox County bar in 
i860. During the next twenty-five years he held various public 
positions, among which was that of judge of the Rockland Police 
Court. He represented that city in the legislature of 1881 and 
1883. In the Autumn of 1886 he moved to Waterville and com- 
menced the practice of law there with Warren C. Philbrook. In 



HISTORY OP WATERVILLfi. 485 

April. 1890, he was appointed Jucige of the Superior Court of 
Kennebec county, which position he now holds. 

IVilliam Solyman Heath graduated from Waterville College in 
the class of 1855. He was a very brilliant scholar and a man of 
great promise. He was admitted to the bar in 1856 and prac- 
ticed here successfully till the commencement of the Civil War, 
when he entered the U. S. Army. He went out as captain of 
Company H of the 3rd Maine Regiment. This company was 
recruited in Waterville. Mr. Heath was ist lieutenant. 
He rose to the rank of lieut.-colonel and was held in high honor 
throughout his division. He was killed at the battle of Gaines's 
Mills. W. S. Heath Post, G. A. R. of Waterville was named 
in honor of him. Mr. Heath married Maria, daughter of 
Wyman B. S. Moor. They had two children, Ethel who had 
unusual musical ability and who died in Washington in 1898, 
and Sidney Moor Heath. 

Solyman Heath was born in 1804, at Claremont. He 
graduated from Dartmouth College and began the practice of 
law in Belfast, where he remained till 1851, when he came to 
Waterville. He continued in practice till the time of his death, 
June 30, 1875. He was for some years reporter of decisions of 
the law court of the State of Maine, and edited several volumes 
of the Maine Reports. For a quarter of a century he was a 
prominent citizen of Waterville, was president of Ticonic Bank 
and had much to do with the organization of the Ticonic Water 
Power and Manufacturing Company. He married Emily, 
daughter of Asa Redington. Two of their children, Lieut. -Col. 
W. S. Heath and Bvl.-Gen. F. E. Heath became distinguished 
in the Civil War. The only children now living are Mrs. A. A. 
Plaisted and Mrs. Helen R. Buck. 

Sidney Moor Heath was born in Waterville on the 27th day 
of August, 1859. He was the son of Col. William S. Heath. 
His mother was the daughter of Wyman B. S. Moor. He 
received his education in the public schools of Waterville and 
Coburn Classical Institute. He was admitted to the bar in 1881. 
He practiced law in Waterville several years and then moved 
to Hoquiam in the state of Washington, where he is now suc- 
cessfully practicing his profession. He was town clerk of Water- 



V' 



486 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ville one year. He has been a member of the Legislature of 
Washington. 

Thomas Webster Herrick was born in Harmony, Me., July 20, 
1816, the son of Thomas and Catharine (Weeman) Herrick. 
He was graduated in the class of 1846 at Waterville College. 
For the years 1846 and 1847 he was principal of the Waterville 
Liberal Institute. He afterward studied law and was admitted 
to the bar, but in 1852 engaged in the hardware business in 
Waterville, in which he continued until 1872. October 8, 1856 
he married Mary Dennison P'orter of Bangor. Several children 
were born to them but only one, Frank Ware, lived to manhood. 
Mr. Herrick was State senator, 1856-1857. and selectman of 
Waterville in 1866. He was a member of the Masonic fraternity. 
He died in Eggleston Springs, Va., May 7, 1872. 

/. Alfred Lctonrnean was born December 3, 1864. He is the 
son of Joseph Letourneau. He was educated in the French and 
English language in the public schools and commercial college. 
He read law with S. S. Brown. He was admitted to the bar in 
March, 1900. He married Rose D. Loubier, October 27, 1890. 
He is a member of the society of A. O. U. W. and of the Catholic 
church. He has been a member of the board of Education of 
the city of Waterville. 

Alpheus Lyon was born in Augusta, November 8, 1790. He 
was admitted to the Kennebec bar in 1819. He soon thereafter 
commenced the practice of law at Waterville, where he remained 
working in his profession and other active business for thirty- 
two years. While in Waterville he built Ticonic Block. He 
also built and owned lumber mills in the town of Fairfield adjoin- 
ing Waterville on the north. He was a strong business man 
and one of the leading public men of his town. For six years he 
was cashier of Ticonic Bank. For two years he was a member of 
the Governor's council. In 1851 he removed to Bangor, became 
judge of the municipal court and afterward was recorder of the 
police court for twenty years. November 14, 1820 he married 
Miss Mary Evans, sister of Hon. George Evans, who afterward 
became U. S. representative and senator. Mr. Lyon was prom- 
inent in Masonic circles. He died in Bangor in March, 1885, at 
the age of ninety-five years. 



HISTORY 01" WATERVILLfi. 487 

Edivin Noyes was born at South Kingston, R. I., February 
21, 1812. He graduated from Brown University in the class of 
1837. Soon after graduating from college, he became tutor of 
the Greek language in \^'aterville College for two years. He 
read law a while in the office of Timothy Boutelle and then he 
took a course of instruction at Harvard Law School. In 1842 
he began the practice of law at Waterville in company with Mr. 
Boutelle, whose daughter he married. He was the first treas- 
urer of the Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad Company, and 
its first superintendent, holding the position on the road after 
it became the Maine Central, with the exception of two years, 
until 1872. For the two years of his absence, 1853-4, he was 
superintendent of the Michigan Central Railroad, with home in 
Detroit, Mich. He served two terms in the Maine Senate, during 
1849 3nd 1850. For many years he was prominent in all public 
affairs in the town and was regarded as one of its ablest men. 
August 12, 1842, he married Helen R. Boutelle, daughter of Hon. 
Timothy Boutelle. Their children were Timothy Boutelle, 
Robert Fanning, Boutelle, and Francis Edwin. 

Charles Fletcher Johnson was born in Winslow, Me., February 
14, 1859, the son of William F. and Ruth (Boutelle) Johnson. 
He was graduated at the Waterville Classical Institute, studied 
tw-o years at Colby and was graduated at Bowdoin in the class 
of 1879. He taught school for a time after graduation and then 
read law, being admitted to the bar in 1886. From 1886 to 1890 
he was a member of the law firm of Brown and Johnson. He 
then became a partner in the firm of Webb, Johnson and Webb. 
Since 1894 he has practiced law, without partners. Mr. John- 
son has been prominent in political life. In 1893 he was mayor 
of Waterville and served as aldennan in 1899. He has been the 
Democratic candidate for Governor of the State, leading with 
abilitv an army that was too small for victory. Mr. Johnson is 
a member of Waterville Lodge, F. & A. M., Teconnet Chapter, 
St. Omer Commandery and also Waterville Lodge, A. O. U. W. 
He was married, December 20, 1881, to Miss Abbie W. Britton 
of Winslow. They have one daughter, Emma L. a member of 
the class of 1903, Waterville High school. 

IVyinan Bradbury Seavcy Moor was born at Waterville on 
the eleventh day of November, 181 1. He was the son of Daniel 



488 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

and Rebecca Spring Moor, and the grandson of Captain Daniel 
Moor of Deerfield, N. H., who belonged to General Starks' 
regiment and who was engaged in the battle of Bunker Hill, June 
17, 1775. He spent his early life in his native town and received 
his early education in the public schools. He was sent at an 
early age to China Academy to prepare for college. At the age 
of seventeen years he entered Waterville College and graduated 
from that institution in the class of 183 1. His course at college 
was marked by great intellectual progress under the instruction 
of such men as President Jeremiah Chaplin, Professor Thomas 
Conant and Professor George Keely. After his graduation he 
taught one year at St. Stephen, N. B. In 1834 he attended the 
Dane Law School at Cambridge, Mass., where he received 
instruction of Hon. Joseph Story. In 1835 he was admitted to 
the bar and the same year he was invited to deliver at commence- 
ment the valedictory address. He lived in Waterville in the prac- 
tice of his profession from 1835 to 1842. He was elected to 
represent his town in the Legislature during that time. From 
1844 to 1848 he was attorney-general of the State. In 1848 he 
was appointed by the Governor to fill the vacancy in the United 
States Senate, made vacant by the death of Senator John Fair- 
field. His colleague, Hon. T. W. Bradbury says : "'Durins- the- 
time of his service in the U. S. Senate, I found him an able and 
faithful associate and upon every question I always found him 
anxious to discharge his duty as a patriotic Senator." Hannibal 
Hamlin once said of him: "Mr. Moor was a man of marked 
and decided ability and was fully entitled to rank with the ablest 
men of our State." That position was conceded to him by all 
persons who knew him. From 1852 to 1858 he resided in Water- 
ville and superintended the construction of the railroad from 
Waterville to Bangor. In 1859 he received the appointment 
from President Buchanan of consul general to the British 
Provinces. In 1868 he purchased an estate near Lynchburg, 
Virginia, and moved there to engage in the manufacture of iron, 
where he died on March 10, 1869. Mr. Moor was married at 
Waterville to Clara A. N. Cook. Their children were, Dudley 
Watson, Mat ia E., who married W. S. Heath : Caroline Clara 
Cook, who married F. E. Heath; Charlotte, Annie Hilton, 
Grace Bradbury, Charles Francis Cook. 



HISTORY OF UATERVILLE. 489 

IVarrcii Coffin Pliilbrook was born at Sedgwick, Maine, in 
1857. He is the son of Luther G. and Angelia Philbrook. He 
acquired his early education in the pubHc schools in Castine and 
the State Normal School. He fitted for college at Coburn Clas- 
sical Institute and graduated from Colby University in 1882. 
He read law with E. F. Webb and Reuben Foster and was 
admitted to the bar in 1884. He was principal of Waterville 
High school for three years. He opened his office in 1887. He 
married Ada, daughter of M. C. Foster. He served a while as 
judge of Waterville municipal court. He has represented his 
city in the Legislature two terms, serving on the judiciary com- 
mittee. He served as mayor of Waterville two years and for 
several years has been a member of the Board of Education. Mr. 
Philbrook is an effective political speaker in wide demand during 
political campaigns. He was the orator at the Waterville cen- 
tennial, (vid. chapter 4. ) Mr. Philbrook is a Mason, a mem- 
ber of the Chapter and the Commandery. He belongs also to 
the Order of Knights of Pythias and for the year 1901-2 was 
chancellor commander of that order for the State of Maine. He 
is a member of the A. O. U. W. 
^ Isaac Redington, son of Asa and Polly Getchell Redington, 
was born in W^aterville, March 13, 1803. He passed through 
the public schools, also Filoomfield Academy at Skowhegan in 
the days of "Preceptor Hall." After his course at Waterville 
College, from which he was graduated with honor as valedic- 
torian of his class in 1827, and two years' study of law, he was 
admitted to the bar and soon won distinction by his ability and 
his legal attainments. In 1831, he married Elizabeth, daughtei^ 
of Nathaniel and Lydia Oilman of Waterville. In 1842, he was 
elected State senator and served with marked ability. After 
twenty years of practice as a lawyer, in Waterville, he removed 
to New York. The family included four daughters : Lydia, who 
married John McLellan of Skowhegan, and after his death. Dr. 
Bradford: Annie, who married Dr. Frank H. Getchell, son of 
Horace Getchell, now deceased; Caroline, now (1902) living in 
New York, and Lizzie, now deceased. Mr. Redington was pos- 
sessed of large abilitv, fine literary taste and a kindly spirit, 
which won for him manv friends. 



490 HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 

Frank Kingsbery Shmv, son of Rev. B. F. Shaw, D. D.. and 
Mary (Pratt) Shaw, was born in Newcastle, Me., January 17, 
1859. He was educated in the schools of Waterville, in Coburn 
Classical Institute and Colby College, from which he was grad- 
uated in the class of 1881. He was admitted to the bar in 1886 
and in 1892 became clerk of the municipal court of Waterville, 
and in 1897 became judge of the same court, which responsible 
position he still holds. Judge Shaw has been on the board of 
education for two terms. He is a member of Waterville Lodge, 
F. & A. M., Teconnet Chapter, Mount Lebanon Council and St. 
Omer Commandery, Knights Templar. He is a member of the 
Baptist church, of which his father was pastor. March 30, 1883, 
he married Miss Emma J. Smith. They have no children. 

Frank Jackson Small was born in Oldtown, Maine, December 
31, 1874. He is the son of Benjamin F. and Luetta G. Small. 
He received his early education in the public schools of Oldtown. 
He graduated from Bowdoin College in the class of 1897. He 
pursued a course of study in the law school in the University of 
Maine, closing his course there in 1900 and receiving the degree 
LL. B. He is now practicing law in Waterville in company 
with Harold E. Cook. 

Jonathan Godfrey Soule was a native of Waterville. and was 
educated in its schools and college, graduating from the latter 
in 1857. After graduation he taught as principal of Hartland 
Academy, later as instructor in Evansville Seminary, Wis., and 
as principal at Hartland and Foxcroft. In 1874, he was admitted 
to the bar in Waterville. He afterward served for twelve years 
as trial justice and was for fourteen years a member of the 
board of education. His experience as a teacher fitted him for 
efficient service in this office, in which he is well remembered. 
He died January i, 1888. 

Judge James StackPolc, the tliird of the name, was long prom- 
inent in Waterville. He was graduated at Bowdoin College, and 
spent most of his life in the practice of his profession in Water- 
ville. (For more complete sketch, see page 129.) 

Stephen Stark, son of Samuel and Rebecca Whittaker Stark, 
was born in 1803 at Conway, N. H. He graduated from Dart- 
mouth College in 1827. After spending three years in the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 49I 

study of law, he commenced the practice of his profession at 
CHnton, Alaine, in October, 1830. He continued practice there 
till 1837, when he moved to Waterville where he continued his 
practice till his death in 1855. He was a man of public spirit, 
served the town as representative in the Legislature and rendered 
important aid to the College in raising funds for its support. He 
married Mehitabel Jane Cook of Fryeburg, Me., in 1832. They 
had six children, of whom only ]\Irs. Sarah D., wife of J. F. 
Hlden, and Amo's J. Stark, both of this city, are now living. 
His name is borne by a son of Amos J., who graduated at Colby 
in the class of '92 and is now a lawyer at Mt. Hermon, Mass. 

Horace Wilson Stezvart was born in 1852. He graduated 
from Colby University in 1874. He read law in Bangor and 
Waterville. He was admitted to the bar in 1875. He was 
twelve years judge of the Waterville municipal court. He has 
since practiced in Hartland and is now pursuing his profession 
in Thomaston, Knox County. 

Frederick Augustus IValdron, son of James N. and Sarah 
Waldron, was bom in 1841 at Buckfield, Maine. He graduated 
from Waterville College in the class of 1868. He studied law 
with Hon. Reuben Foster and was admitted to the bar in 1871. 
He opened his law office in Waterville, where he continued in 
the practice of his profession to the time of his death, December 
19, 1896. He was a trial justice until the municipal court was 
organized. He served as city solicitor, 1894-96. July 12, 1894, 
he married Miss Adelia R. Leech, daughter of Wm. Leech of 
Dexter. Their children are Linton Edson, who graduated at 
Colby College in the class of 1897, and was a member of the 
senior class of the Maine Medical School at the time of his death, 
May 27, 1900; and William Linscott, who graduated at Colby 
in 1899, and has since been engaged in teaching at the Delaware 
Literary Institute. Franklin, X. Y., and the the Skowhegan High 
school. 

Udmund Fuller Webb was born in Albion in 1835. He studied 
law in that town two years. He entered Waterville College in 
1856 and after remaining there two years he began the study of 
law in Portland and was admitted to the bar in Cumberland 
County in 1859. He commenced practicing law in Albion and 
after remaining there one year he came to Waterville. In 1867 



492 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

he was admitted to the U. S. district bar. In 1866 he received 
from Waterville College the honorary degree of A. M. He was 
for two terms a member of the House of Representatives, being 
speaker in the session of 1873. He served two years as State 
senator, the second year being elected president of the Senate. 
He served three years as county attorney and for several years 
was a trustee of Colby University. He was a director of the 
Waterville Bank, and of the Merchants from its organization, 
and was for many years a solicitor for the Maine Central Rail- 
road. He married Miss Abby E. C. Hall. They had one son, 
Appleton Webb, who was admitted to the Somerset bar in 1882. 
Samuel IVcils was born in Durham, N. H., August 15, 1801. 
His mother was a niece of General Sullivan, of Revolutionary 
fame. He studied law with Thos. Rice of \\'inslow. and o'l 
being admitted to the bar in 1826, established himself in AVater- 
ville. He practiced here with good success and a growing repu- 
tation, eight or nine years, when he removed to Hallowell, and 
in 1844 to Portland. Again in 1856 he removed to Boston, 
where he died, July 15, 1868. He was appointed associate jus- 
tice of the supreme court of Maine in 1847, which office he 
resigned in 1854. In 1856 he was elected Governor by the Leg- 
islature, none of the candidates having a majority. The next 
year he was defeated by Hannibal Hamlin. He married Louisa 
Appleton, daughter of Dr. Moses Appleton. Their children 
were Mrs. Ann A. (Wells') Cummings, now living in Boston; 
Charles C. Wells, died in Portland ; Samuel Wells, a lawyer in 
Boston ; Clara L. Wells, who has lived the past thirty years in 
France and Italy. Judge Wells' house in this town was the 
small house on College street, afterward occupied by Daniel R. 
Wing, on the site of which the D. K. E. Club house now stands. 




PROF. GEOIiGK \V. KUI':iA-. I'ltESD'T ROBEUT K. I'ATTKRSON. 

PRKSnT JAMKS T. CHAMPLIN. 
PROF. .TOtrN B FOSTKK, PROF. MOSICS LYFORD. 



CHAPTER XXV. 



THE TEACHERS OF WATERVILLE. 

By Arthur J. Roberts. 

Martin Brezver Anderson, son of Martin and Jane Brewer 
Anderson, was bom in Brunswick, Maine, Feb. 12, 1815. He 
was graduated from Colby College in 1840. After serving the 
College for two years as tutor, he was elected professor of rhe- 
toric in 1843. In 1850 he left Waterville to become editor of the 
New York Recorder, and in 1853 was called to the presidency of 
the University of Rochester. His term of office as president 
was one of the longest and most eventful in all the history of 
American colleges. For thirty-five years he served the Univer- 
sity and the State. He was a useful and efficient public servant, 
as well as a successful administrator, an inspiring teacher, a pro- 
found scholar, an eminent publicist, and an eloquent lecturer and 
preacher. He was a member of the State Board of Charities of 
New York, for several years president of the National Baptist 
Missionary Societies, a trustee of Vassar College, and one of the 
associate editors of Johnson's Encyclopaedia. He received the 
degree of LL. D. from Colby College in 1853, and from the 
University of the State of New York in 1883, and the degree of 
L. H. D. from Columbia University in 1887. In 1867 Dr. An- 
derson was elected president of Brown University, but declined 
to accept the position. He said that Rochester had invested in 
him when he was unknown and without value, and if the invest- 
ment had not proved a failure, Rochester deserved the profits. 
He was married in August, 1848, to Miss Elizabeth Mary Gilbert 
of New York, who died Feb. 22, 1890, four days before the death 
of Dr. Anderson. 



494 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Dennis Evarts Bo-cvman, son of Frank and Carrie Heath Bow- 
man, was bom in Sidney, Maine. Nov. lo, 1871. He graduated 
from Coburn Classical Institute in 1889, and from Colbv College 
in 1893. He was principal of the Waterville High School 
from 1893 to 1898, and a law student with Heath & Andrews, 
Augusta, Maine, from 1S98 to 1900. He was admitted to the 
State of Maine bar in 1900. Since 1900 he has been Latin Mas- 
ter of the William Penn Charter School, Philadelphia. He is a 
member of the Zeta Psi fraternity and of the Phi Beta Kappa 
society. He was married in 1900 to Hortense Low of Water- 
ville. 
Y Nailwiticl Butler, president of Colby College from 1895 to 
1901, was born in Eastport, Maine, May 22, 1853. His parents 
were the Rev. Nathaniel and Jeanne Emery Butler. He pre- 
pared for college at Camden High School and Coburn Classical 
Institute, and graduated from Colby College in 1873. From 
1873 to 1876 he was associate principal of Woman's College at 
Lake Forest, 111., and from 1S76 to 1879 was associate principal 
of a similar institution at Highland Park, 111. He became prin- 
cipal of the school in 1879, ^^^ remained there until he was called 
to the professorship of English Literature in the (old) Univer- 
sity of Chicago in 1884. From 1886 to 1892 he was a professor 
in The University of Illinois. In 1S92 he became a professor 
and the director of university extension in The University of 
Chicago. He was called to the presidency cf Colby College in 
1895, and remained at the head of this institution until 1901, 
when he became professor of education and director of cooper- 
ating work in The University of Chicago. He received the degree 
of D. D. from Colby College in 1895. Dr. Butler is a member of 
the Phi Beta Kappa society, and of the Delta Kappa Epsilon 
fraternity. He represented The University of Chicago at the 
University Extension Congress, held in London, England, in 
1894. He is widely known as a writer and lecturer. Dr. Butler 
was married April 28, 1881, to Florence Reeves Shcppard, who 
died in June, 1902. He has three children, — Sheppard Emerj-, 
class of 1903, Colby College, Albert Nathaniel and Frederic 
Hamlin Butler. Dr. Butler's present address is 5601 Madison 
Ave., Chicago, 111. 



HISTORY OF WATKRVILLE. 495 

Jauics Tift Cliaiiipliii, for sixteen years president of Colby 
College, was born Tune 9, iSi i. in Colchester, Conn. He was the 
son of John and Martha Armstrong Champlin. After graduat- 
ing from Brown University in 1834, he remained there as a tutor 
until 1S38, when he became pastor of a Baptist church in Port- 
land. In 1841 he was elected professor of the Greek and Latin 
languages and literature in Colby College. From 1857 to 1873 
he was president of the College. After his retirement from the 
presidency, he lived in Portland until his death, March 15, 1882. 
He received the degree of LL. D. from Colby Collge, of D. D. 
from the University of Rochester and from Brown University. 
He was a member of the Maine Historical Society. From 1875 
to 1881 he was a member of the board of trustees of Colby Col- 
lege. Dr. Champlin did a large amotmt of work as author, editor 
and translator. His publications include Latin and Greek gram- 
mars, treatises on ethics, political economy, and intellectual 
philosophy, and annotated selections from the ancient classical 
writers. He married Mary Ann Pierce of Providence. R. I., 
June 12, 1839. 

Jeremiah Chaplin, first president of Colby College, was born in 
Georgetown, Mass., in 1780. He graduated from Brown Uni- 
versity in 1799 as valedictorian of his class. After serving as a 
tutor in Brown for two or three years, he became pastor of the 
Baptist church at Danvers, Mass., in 1803. His pastorate in that 
place lasted until 1818, although he was absent one year acting as 
pastor of the First Baptist church in New York City. In 1818 
he M'as invited to become a teacher in the newly founded Maine 
Literary and Theological Institution. At first he decided to re- 
fuse the invitation, but after a night of prayer and what he 
regarded as a special revelation of the will of God, he changed 
his decision. He became president of Waterville College in 
1822, and remained at the head of that institution for eleven 
years. He was married in April, 1806, to Miss Marcia O'Brien. 
From boyhood Dr. Chaplin was a theologian and meta- 
physician. Before he was fifteen he had mastered the writings 
of Hopkins. He was always morbidly conscientious and given 
to rigid self-examination with reference to the question as to 
whether he was one of "the elect." After fifty years he was still 
in doubt. He learned Hebrew without an instructor, and during 



496 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

his pastorate at Danvers received young men as students in 
theology. Of his students, Coleman and Wheelock responded to 
Judson's call for missionaries. A paper written by Dr. Chaplin 
on "Ministerial Education" led to the establishment of the theo- 
logical school at Hamilton, N. Y. He founded the Baptist 
church in Waterville, and for several years served as its pastor 
without pay. 

William Elder graduated from the Provincial Normal School 
in i860, and from Acadia College in 1S68. The next year he 
studied at Harvard under Professors Agassiz, Cooke, and Shaler. 
From 1869 to 1873 he was professor of physical sciences at 
Acadia. In 1873 'i^ ^^'•'^ called to Colby to the professorship of 
chemistry and natural history, and remained at the head of this 
double department until 1885, when he became Merrill professor 
of chemistry. In 1898 he published "Ideas from Nature." Prof. 
Elder married Miss Caroline Scammon of this city. They have 
one daughter, Marjory Louise Elder. 

John Barton Foster, son of John May and Elizabeth Lowell 
Merrill Fester, was born in Boston, Mass., Jan. 8, 1822. He 
attended the public schools of Waterville and Waterville 
Academy, and graduated from Colby College in 1843. He taught 
school in China, Maine, for one year, and in Lexington, Mass., 
for two years. For two years (1846-7) he was pastor of the 
Baptist church at Gardiner, Maine. In 1847 he entered Newton 
Theological Institution, graduating thence in 1850. He was 
editor of Zion's Advocate from 1852 to 1858, when he was 
elected professor of the Greek and Latin languages and literature 
in Colby College. From 1873 to 1894 he was professor of the 
Greek language and literature. In 1894 he was made Professor 
Emeritus. His enthusiasm for his work and his love of Greek 
literature will surely always be remembered by those whose 
privilege it was to be his pupils. In 1876 Professor Foster was 
given the degree of LL. D. by Colby College. For thirty years 
he was treasurer of the Baptist State Convention. He was twice 
married: June i, 1852, to Anne Doe, who died Jan. 20, 1861 ; 
Aug. 14, 1866, to Elizabeth Eoutelle Philbrick. His son by his 
first marriage, John Marshall Foster, is a missionary at Swatow, 
China. Professor Foster died Aug. 19, 1897. 



HISTORY Of WATERVILLE. 497 

Edzi'ard U'liislo^v Ha!!. Librarian of Colby College, was born 
in Portland, Maine, Sept. 9, 1840. His parents were Winslow 
and Eunice Harding Hall. He prepared for college in the high 
school at Portland, and graduated from Colby College in 1862. 
After teaching for a year he accepted a position in one of the 
government departments at Washington, where he remained until 
he was called to the professorship of modern languages in Colby 
College in 1866. In 1873 Professor Hall was elected Librarian 
of Colby College, and performed the duties of that ofifice in addi- 
tion to the work of his department until 1892, when he was 
relieved of his classes and enabled to devote his entire attention 
to the library. In 1900 he recived the degree of LL. D. from the 
The University of New Brunswick. He is a member of the 
Maine Historical Society, of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, 
and of the Phi Beta Kappa society. He married Mary S. Has- 
call of West Rutland, Vermont, Jan. 3, 1865. They have four 
children : Celia, wife of Charles J. Waterhouse of Oakland, Cal., 
Frank E., Hascall S.. and Marian. 

Cliarics Bdivard Haiidin, was born in Augusta, Maine, 
February 4, 1825, the oldest of the sons of Charles and Elizabeth 
Williams Hamlin. At the age of sixteen he entered Colby, 
but as his course was interrupted by ill health, he did not grad- 
uate until 1847. After graduation he taught at Brandon, Vt., 
Bath, Me., and Sufifield, Conn. He became professor of chem- 
istry and natural history in Colby College, August 9, 1853, and 
continued at the head of that department until 1873, when he was 
called to Harvard University to serve as curator of conchology 
and palaeontology- in the museum of comparative zoology. 
He died in Cambridge, Massachusetts, January 3, 1886. 
After leaving Colby he served on its board of trustees and also 
as the necrologist of the alumni association. His published 
reports are marvels of painstaking accuracy. Beside scientific 
articles in various periodicals, he published "Observations on the 
Physical Geography and Geology of Mt. Ktaadn" (1881) and 
"Syrian Molluscan Fossils" (1884). In 1853 he married Eliza- 
beth Ann Smith of Conway, Mass. The interests of Colby were 
ever dear to him and he had a large part in the raising of its 
endowment. It has been said of him : "The greatest value of 
32 



49^ HISTORY OF WATICRVILLK. 

Prof. Hamlin's work in life was in his influence upon students 
as an example of a Christian gentleman, of manly honor, of 
chastened dignity, of almost ideal manhood."' 

James Hobbs Hanson, son of James and Deborah Clark Han- 
son, was born in China, Maine, June 26, i8i6. After attending 
the town school and China Academy he entered W'aterville Col- 
lege in the fall of 1838. The next year after his graduation 
from college he began teaching in Waterville Academy. He 
continued teaching in the academy until 1854, when he became 
principal of the Eastport High school. In 1857 ^^ was called 
to the Portland High school. From 1863 to 1865 he conducted 
a private school in Portland. In 1865 the trustees of Waterville 
College wished him to return to the principalship of Waterville 
Academy, now Cobum Classical Institute, and he remained at 
the head of this school until his death in 1894. He was the author 
of the widely used "Preparatory Latin Prose Book," and joint 
editor of the "Hand Book of Latin Poetry." He was elected 
to the board of trustees of Waterville college in 1862. In 1872 
the degree of LL. D. was conferred upon him by Colby Col- 
lege. He was twice married : in 1845 to Sarah Boardman Mars- 
ton of Waterville, in 1854 to Mary E. Field of vSidiiey. lie died 
in Waterville, Maine, April 21, 1894. 

Franklin Winslotv Johnson, son of Elizabeth Winslow and 
John Sullivan Johnson, was born in Jay, Maine, August 17, 
1870. He prepared for college at Wilton Academy and grad- 
uated from Colby College in 1891. After serving for three years 
as principal of Calais High School he was called to the head- 
ship of Cobum Classical Institute. He is president of the Maine 
Teachers' Association. He was married in 1896 to Carolyn M. 
Lord of Calais, Maine. Principal Johnson is a member of the 
Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity and of the Phi Beta Kappa 
society. 

George Washington Keely, for twenty-three years professor 
of mathematics and natural philosophy in Colby College, was 
born, December 25, 1803, in Northampton, England. He was 
the son of Rev. George and Mary Ramsay Keely. He came to 
Haverhill, Mass., with his father's family in 1818. He graduated 

1. Memorial Address by Krancis W. Bakcman D.D. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 499 

from Brown University in 1824. He served as a tutor of Latin 
and Greek at Brown for three years and in 1829 was called to a 
professorship in Colby College. "He engaged early in original 
research, but published very little; yet his few brief articles in 
English and American scientific journals gained for him high 
reputation among scientific men. In 1847 he was invited by the 
head of the British Colonial Surveys to make a series of magnetic 
observations in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, the results of 
which were published in England the following year. For sev- 
eral months in 1833, and again from 1839 to 1841, he was called 
upon as senior professor to administer the government of the 
college, but he refused to assume the presidency permanently, 
as being an office wholly incompatible with his temperament and 
tastes." [From Professor Hamlin's memorial.] After his 
withdrawal from the college in 1852 he continued his residence 
in Waterville until his death, June 13, 1878. He was given the 
degree of LL. D. by Brown University in 1849. He was- married 
in 1829 to Mrs. Jane Whitman Bailey of Providence, R. I., who 
died in 1866. They had two children, Eliza, who. died in infancy, 
and Mary, wife of Professor J. D. Taylor of Waterville. 

Asa Lyman Lane, son of Edmimd Cleaves and Mary Ring 
Humphrey Lane, was born in Yarmouth, February 18, 1839. 
He graduated from Colby College in 1862 and for the next four 
years was principal of Reid Institute in Pennsylvania. From 
1867 to 1870 he studied at Newton Theological Institution. 
From 1870 to 1875 he was pastor of the Baptist church at Bidde- 
ford, Maine. After serving for one year as principal of New 
London Institution he was called to the chair of sciences and 
mathematics in Coburn Classical Institute, where he remained 
twenty-five years. He resigned in 1901. Mr. Lane received 
the degree of A. M. from Colby College in 1867. At present he 
is one of the trustees of the Waterville Public Library and a 
member of the school board. He was married in 1864 to Mary 
J. Robinson. They have two daughters, Ava Bertha and Mary 
Blanche. Mr. Lane's present address is 12 Nudd street, Water- 
ville, Maine. 

Justin Rolph Loomis was born in Bennington, Vermont, 
August 21, 1810. He prepared for college in the Hamilton 



500 HISTORY OF WATEKVILI.E. 

Literan,' Institution and was graduated at Brown University with 
high honor in 1835. In 1836 he became a tutor in Colby and 
was elected in 1838 professor of chemistry and natural history. 
This position he held with great honor both to himself and to 
the college until 1852. During this time he pursued scientific 
explorations in Bolivia, Peru and Chile and published some 
important papers and text-books. Of strong Christian character 
and active in religious work he was of great help to the Baptist 
church in the city, and his ideas were carried out in the remodel- 
ing of its meeting house. His relations with the students were 
especially close and helpful. In 1852 Prof. Loomis accepted 
the chair of natural science in the university at Lewisburg, Pa., 
and became president of the institution in 1858, which office he 
held for twenty-one years. As at Waterville, his Christian char- 
acter and eminent ability exerted a powerful influence in the 
church and community. Beside many scientific papers, Prof. 
Loomis published, "Principles of Geology," "I'hysiology." 
"Anatomy" and other text-books of high rank. 

Moses Lyford was born in Mount \^ernon, Maine, January 
31, 1816. His parents were Dudley and Betsey Smith Lyford. 
After graduating from Colby College in 1843, he taught in Ken- 
nebunk Academy, in Townshend Academy. Vermont, and in the 
Boys' High school, Portland. In 1856 he was elected professor 
of mathematics and natural philosophy in Colby College. In 
1873 a professorship of mathematics was established and Pro- 
fessor Lyford became professor of natural history and astronomy. 
He retired from active service in the college in 1884. He 
received the degree of LL. D. from Colby College in 1874. He 
was married in 1848 to Mary L. Dyer. One son survives them, 
— Hon. E. F. Lyford of Springfield, Mass. Professor Lyford 
died August 4, 1887, at Portland, Maine. 

Shailcr Mathews, son of Jonathan Bennett and Sophia Lucinda 
Mathews, was born in Portland, Maine, May 26, 1863. He 
prepared for college in the high school at Portland and graduated 
from Colby in 1884. After completing the three years' course 
of study at Newton Theological Institution, he became associate 
professor of English at Colby. In 1887 he was elected professor 
of history and political economy in the same institution. In 1894 
he was elected associate professor of New Testament history and 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 50I 

interpretation in Chicago University and was raised to a full 
professorship in 1897. He received the degree of D. D. from 
Colby College in 190 1. In 1890 he married Miss Mary Phil- 
brick Elden of Waterville. They have two children, Robert 
Elden and Helen Mathews. Professor Mathews's present ad- 
dress is 5736 Woodlawn avenue, Chicago, 111. 
^ William Mathe'iS's, teacher and author, son of Simeon and 
Clymena (Esty) Mathews, was born in Waterville, July 28, 1818. 
He spent four years, from the age of nine to thirteen, in prepar- 
ing for college at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary, and China, 
Ivlonmouth, Bloomfield, and V,''aterville academies, and grad- 
uated at Waterville College (now Colby College) in 1835. He 
studied law for four years, alternately in office of Timothy Bou- 
telle and at Harvard Law School, and received degree of LL. B. 
from Harvard College in 1839. He spent the year 1839-1840 in 
Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington, and in teaching a 
school at Amelia Court-house, Va. After being admitted to the 
Kennebec county bar in 1840, he practiced law in Benton and 
Waterville till 1843. I" i^4i ^^ began with Daniel R. Wing 
the publication of The IVatcn'il Ionian, a literary and family news- 
paper, which was succeeded in 1842 by The Yankee Blade, pub- 
lished by Mr. M. alone ; which last paper was removed in 1843 to 
Gardiner, Me., and thence in 1847 to Boston, Mass. There, greatly 
enlarged and strengthened by a large corps of contributors, it 
won an extensive circulation in all parts of the country. Finally, 
in 1856, the paper was sold to Col. Sleeper of the Boston Mer- 
cantile Journal, and united with the Portfolio. In 1856, Mr. 
Mathews moved to Chicago, 111., where, during the next three 
years, he edited a financial weekly journal, and contributed to 
the Tribune, Evening Journal, Chronotype, Covenant, and other 
newspapers. From 1839 to 1842 he was librarian of the Young 
Men's Library Association; from 1862 to 1875, professor of 
rhetoric and English literature in the old University of Chicago. 
In 1868 he received from Colby University the honorary degree 
of LL. D. In 1875 he resigned his professorship, and has since 
devoted himself wholly to literature. In 1880 he returned to 
Boston, Mass., where he has since resided. In 1845 h^ was mar- 
ried to Mary Elizabeth Dingley, of Winslow, Me. ; in 1850 to 
Isabella I. IMarshall, of China, Me. : and in 1865 to Harriet N. 



502 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Griggs, Chicago. 111. Since 1872 he has written and published 
the following books, viz. : "Getting on in the World ; or. Hints 
on Success in Life," of which 70,000 copies have been sold in 
this country, an edition published in Canada, editions issued in 
London by three publishers, three Scandinavian translations pub- 
lished, and one in Magyar, at Budapest, Hungary ; "The Great 
Conversers;" "Words, their Use and Abuse," afterward greatly 
enlarged, of which 25,000 copies have been sold ; "Hours with 
Men and Books ;" "Monday Chats," translated from the French 
of C. A. Sainte-Beuve, with an introductory critical sketch of his 
life and writings ; "Oratory and Orators," republished in Lon- 
don ; "Literary Style, and other Essays ;" "Men, Places, and 
Things ;" "Wit and Humor, their Use and Abuse ;" and "Nngae 
Litterariae, or Brief Essays on Literary, Social, and other 
Themes." Dr. Mathews has also written critical introductions 
to the novels of Bulwer, for an elegant edition recently published 
in Boston; contributed numerous articles to the North American 
Revieiv, London Anglo-American, and other periodicals; and 
delivered lectures on Daniel Webster, William Wirt, and The 
Battle of Waterloo, etc., etc., before various historical and other 
societies. His present address is 130 Pembroke street, Boston, 
Mass. 

John Edivard Nelson, son of Edward and Cassandra \\'orth- 
ing Nelson, was born in China, Elaine, July 12, 1874. He pre- 
pared for college at the Waterville High school and at The 
Friends' School, Providence, R. L He graduated from Colby 
College in the class of 1898. In September of that year he 
became principal of the Waterville High school. After four 
years of successful work in this school, he has given up teaching 
and begim the study of law. He is a member of the Masonic 
and Zeta Psi fraternities and of the Phi Beta Kappa society. He 
married Margaret Heath Cro.sby of Waterville, July 17, 1900. 

Lincoln Oiven, for four years principal of the Waterville High 
school, was born in Buxton, Maine, December 4, i860. His 
parents were Melville C. and Martha \\'. Owen. He graduated 
from Coburn Classical Institute in 1885 and from Colby College 
in 1889. He was principal of the Waterville High school from 
i88g to 1893, when he was made classical master in The Friends' 
School, Providence, R. I. He is at present master of the Rice 



HISTORY OF VVATERVILLE. 503 

Training School, Boston He was married, December 25, 1889, 
to Alice \\ Drummond of Waterville. 

Robert Everett Pattison, born in Benson, Vt., August lo, 1800, 
graduated at Amherst in 1830, afterward a tutor at Columbia, and 
came to Waterville in 1828 as professor of mathematics and 
natural philosophy. He remained two years, but long enough 
to show the quality of his manhood. In 1836 he was called to 
the presidency of the college, remaining until 1839, when the 
financial condition of the college compelled him to resign. He 
afterward held important pastorates and for three years was 
home secretary of the American Baptist Missionary Union. For 
the years 1848-1834 he was professor of systematic theology in 
Newton Theological Institution. In 1854 for a second time he 
became president of Colby, remaining until 1857, when his health 
failed. After a period of rest he became professor at Shurtleff 
College and later at the Union Baptist Theological Seminary, 
Chicago. He, died in 1874. A man of strong convictions, noble 
character and devoted piety, he made a powerful impression for 
good upon his students throughout his long and varied educa- 
tional career. 

George Dana Roarilmaii Pepper. See chapter on "The Pulpit 
of Waterville." 

Henry Ephriam Robins, president of Colby College from 1873 
to 1882, was bom in Hartford, Conn., September 30, 1827. He 
parents were Gurdon and Julia Savage Robins. He studied at 
the Connecticut Literary Institution, and graduated from Newton 
Theological Institution in 1861. He was pastor of the Central 
Baptist church of Newport, R. I., from 1862 to 1867, and of the 
First Baptist church from 1867 to 1873. After nine years at the 
head of Colby College he resigned the presidency of the college 
to become professor of Christian ethics in Rochester Theological 
Seminary. He received the degree of D. D. from Rochester 
University and of LL. D. from Colby College. Among his pub- 
lished writings may be mentioned, "The Christian Idea of Edu- 
cation distinguished from the Secular Idea of Education" and 
"Harmony of Ethics with Theology." He married Martha J. 
Bird of Hartford, Conn., in 1864; Margaret Richardson of 
Rochester, N. Y., in 1872: and Cordelia E. Nott of Boston. 



S04 HISTORY OF \\ATF:R\II.LE. 

Mass., in 1878. His last wife died in 1888. Dr. Robins' present 
address is 580 West avenue, Rochester. N. Y. 

David Neivtou Sheldon. Sec chapter on "The Pulpit of 
Waterville." 

Albion IVoodbiiry Small , son of Albion Keith Parris and 
Thankful Woodbury Small, was born in liuckfiekl, Maine, May 
II, 1854. He prepared for colle.^e at the Portland High School 
and graduated from Colby College in 1876. He was a student at 
Newton Theological Institution from 1876 to 1879 and for the 
next two years at the Universities of Berlin and Leipzic. He was 
professor of history and political economy in Colby College from 
1881 to 1888. The following year he was reader in history in 
Johns Hopkins University, where he took the degree of Ph. D. 
in 1889. He was president of Colby College from 1889 to 1892. 
In 1892 he was elected professor and head of the department of 
sociology in Chicago University. He received the degree of 
LL. D. from Colby College in 1900. He was married in 1881 
to Valeria von Massow of Berlin, Germany. They have a 
daughter, Lina Small. Dr. Small's address is 5731 Washington 
avenue, Chicago. 111. 

Samuel King Smith, for forty yea^s professor of rhetoric in 
Colby College, was bom in Litchfield, Maine, October 17, 1817. 
He was the son of John and Polly Day Smith. He prepared 
for college at Monmouth Academy and graduated from Colby 
College in 1845. After remaining at the College one year as a 
tutor, he spent a year in study at Newton Theological Institu- 
tion. In 1848 he became editoi of Zion's Advocate. In 1851 
he was elected professor of rhetoric in Colby College. In 1892 
he resigned his professorship after a longer term of service than 
any other professor Colby College has ever had. He was 
ordained to the ministry in 1871 and in the same year was given 
the degree of D. D. by Colby College. He was married, August 
14, 1854, to Annie E. Abbot. Of the six children born to them, 
four are living, — Mary Lambert (Mrs. F. B. Philbrick), Jennie 
M., Bessie E., and William Abbot. The recent death of their 
son, George W. Smith, president of Colgate University, cut short 
a career of brilliant promise. Alary L. was for several years a 
successful teacher in the Waterville High school and William .V. 
was its sub-master from January, 1898 to June, 1902. 



IIISTi'RY OF \VATER\'!LLE. 505 

Jiiliau Daniel Taylor, professor of Latin in Colby College, was 
born January 29, 1846. His parents were Daniel and Mehitable 
Hayden Taylor. He prepared for college at Oak Grove Semin- 
ary and Waterville Academy. He graduated from Colby Col- 
lege in 1868. After serving five years as a tutor in the college, 
he was elected, in 1873, professor of the Latin language and 
literature. In 1900 he was given the degree of LL. D. by Colby 
College. He is a member of the Phi Beta Kappa society. He 
was married in 1802 to Mrs. Mary Keely Boutelle of Waterville. 

Labaii Edwards JJ'arrcu. professor of mathematics in Colby 
College since 1875, '^^'^s 'j'^rn in Littleton, Mass., February 24, 
1836. His parents were Laban and Mary Foster Warren. He 
prepared for college at Colby Academy, New London, N. H. 
and graduated from Brown University in 1866. He taught in 
Colby Academy from 1867 until 1875, when he was called to 
the chair of mathematics in Colby College. In addition to his 
work as professor of mathematics he has for several years given 
courses of art lectures, alike interesting and valuable. Professor 
Warren was given the degree of A. M. by Brown L^niversity 
in 1869 and the degree of LL. D. by Colby College in 1893. He 
was married, August 14, 1872, to Mary Osborne Carter of Con- 
cord, N. H. 

Charles Lincoln White, president of Colby college, was born 
January 22, 1863, at Nashua, N. H. His parents were George 
and Harriet Richardson White. He prepared for college in the 
Woburn, Mass. High school, and graduated from Brown Uni- 
versity in 1887 and from Newton Theological Institution three 
years later. He was pastor of the Baptist church at Somers- 
worth, N. H., from 1890 to 1894, and of the First church 
of Nashua, N. H., from 1894 to 1900. After serving as general 
secretary of the New Hampshire Baptist Convention for one 
year, he was elected president of Colby College in June, 1901. 
He received the degree of D. D. from Bowdoin College in 1902. 
He is a member of the Delta Upsilon fraternity. He was mar- 
ried, April 2C), 1 891, to Margaret Donalda Dodge. They have 
four children, — Jessie Dodge, Harriet Dodge, Katharine Dodge, 
and Clarissa Dodge. 

Benaiah Lcngley Whitman was born in Wilmot, Nova Scotia, 
November 21, 1862. His parents were Isaac J. and Sarah M. 



sob HISTORY OF WATKRXILLE. 

Whitman. He prepared for college at Worcester Academy, and 
graduated from Brown University in 1897 and from New- 
ton Theological Institution in 1890. From 1890 to 1892 
he was pastor of the Free Street Baptist church at Portland, 
Maine. He was president of Colby College from 1892 to 1895 
and of Columbian University from 1895 to 1900. Since 1900 
he has been pa.stor of the Fifth Baptist church in Philadelphia. 
He married Mary Joelena Scott of Newton, Mass. They have 
three children, Lawrence, Lucy Belknap, and .Mary Delight 
\Vhitman. 



CHAPTER XXVI. 



SOME OF THE BUSINESS MEN OF WATERVILLE. 

Bv Rev. Asa L. Lane, A. Appleton Plaisted, and Edwin C. 
Whittemore. 

\\'hat the business life of Waterville has been in the past, and is 
today, appears very clearly in other chapters of this volume. 
This chapter aims only to give biographical data concerning 
some of the business men. In the space available it is manifestly 
impossible to mention all who are worthy of mention, or who 
would receive it in a biographical history of the town. The list 
given is representative, not complete. Many there are, especially 
among the )"0unger business men, who already have won success 
m business, who have manifested an excellent public spirit, and 
who will have large place in the next centennial volume. The 
editors agree fully with the opinion that there are a great many 
more men — such is Waterville's wealth in men — whose names 
should have been included. 

Stephen I. Abbott, the successful agent of the Lockwood Mills 
through their entire history, was born in Fryeburg, Me., March 
31, 1822, the son of Isaac and Elizabeth Abbott. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools and in Fryeburg Academy. March 5, 
1848, he married Miss Ruth L. Knight of Buxton, Me. Their 
children are Amos F., Martha A., Mary E., and William H. K., 
long associated with his father in the management of the Lock- 
wood Mills. Mr. Abbott has given his entire business life to 
cotton manufacture, in which he has attained a notable success. 
He was alderman in the first city government of Lewiston, where 
he then resided, and served as selectman of Waterville for three 



508 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

years. Mr. Abbott went to Lewiston in 1857, and became master 
mechanic of the Androscoggin Mills, and was afterward agent of 
the Continental Mills. For two years he was agent of the River- 
point Mills at Riverpoint, R. I., and came to Waterville in 1875. 
He is a member of the Episcopal church and of the Masonic 
Order. His residence for many years has been at No. 50 
Pleasant St. 

IVUliam H. K. Abbott was born in Lewiston, Me., April 22, 
i860, the son of vStephen I. and Ruth (Knight) Abbott. He 
was educated in the city schools, and while quite young went into 
the cotton mill business, with which his father had been so long 
connected. He came to Waterville on the opening of the Lock- 
wood Mills, and in 1890 became superintendent, which responsi- 
ble position he has since held with conspicuous ability and 
success. 

Mr. Abbott is a member of Waterville Lodge, F. and A. M., 
of the Royal Arch Chapter, and of the St. Omer Commandery, 
Knights Templar. He is a communicant of the Episcopal 
church. He was married, Aug. 26, 1882, to Miss Emma D. 
Boothby, daughter of L. T. and Sophia (Brett) Boothby of this 
city. Their children are Ruth Helen, Margaret Elsie, and 
Stephen Boothby. The family residence is at 16 School St. 
t/" Arthur Julius Aldcii, son of Julius and Elizabeth (Xourse) 
Alden, was born in Waterville, April 23, 1838, in the eighth gen- 
eration from John and Priscilla Alden. He was educated in the 
public schools and at Waterville Academy. Mr. Alden was mar- 
ried Nov. 19. 1866, to Miss Ellen Wentworth, daughter of 
George and Sophia (Lovejoy) Wentworth. Three sons were 
born to them, of whom Frank Wentworth Alden, Colby, '98. Zcta 
Psi Fraternity, and Arthur Fred Alden are living. 

Mr. Alden started in business as a watchmaker and jeweler, 
in June, 1854. In 1867 his brother, Chas. H. Alden, entered into 
partnership under the name of Alden Brothers. The business 
has been conducted in the same place since 1854, the firm being 
the oldest in the city. Mr. Alden was member of the city coun- 
cil for 1895, and has been a director of the People's Bank since 
1893. He is a member of the Masonic Fraternity, which he 
joined in 1862, and of the Congregational Church, with which he 
united in 1878. The family residence is No. 15, College Ave. 



HISTORY oe WATERX'ILLE. 509 

Charles Henry Aldcii was born in Waterville, April 13, 1836, 
the son of Julius and Elizabeth (Nourse) Alden. He was edu- 
cated in the public schools and at Hebron and Waterville acad- 
emies. He engaged in business as a printer from 1854 to i860 
at which date he entered the jewelry and watch business. In 
1867 the firm of Alden Bros, was formed, which continues the 
business to the present (1902). Mr. Alden has been prominent 
in lodge circles, was worshipful master, Waterville Lodge, No. 
33 F. and A. M., 1870-71. He is a member of Teconnet R. A. 
Chapter No. 52, also of Lebanon Counsel R. and S. M., No. 13, 
and of vSt. Omer Commandery Knights Templar, No. 12. 

Samuel Appleton, oldest son of Dr. Moses Appleton, was born 
in Waterville, September 30, 1803. His mother was Theresa 
Clarke, daughter of Capt. John Clarke. His education was 
obtained at private schools and such public schools as then 
existed. In 1821 he went to Boston as clerk with Henry Rice, 
a wholesale merchant. Returning in 1824, he engaged in busi- 
ness with William Oilman, a son of Nath. Gilman. The part- 
nership continued for a few years and then, after two years of 
trade on his own account, he went again to Rice's, where he 
stayed till 1835. In 1840 he was elected a selectman and was 
re-elected for seven successive years. He was appointed post- 
master 1841, an office which he held for two terms of four years 
each. In 1856 the firm of Warren, Appleton & Company built a 
mill on the Messalonskee, a little above the foundry, for the 
manufacture of cedar bark paper. This did not prove 
a great success and was changed to making newspaper about 
i860, the proprietors being Mr. Appleton and Zebulon Sanger. 
This was the last active business in which he was engaged. He 
was president of Ticonic National Bank from 1875 to 1884. He 
was never married. He died October 2, 1890. 

WiUard B. Arnold has recently received the congratulations 
of his friends on his completion of a half century of business 
life in one line and in one location. As the iron foundry of 
Webber & Philbrick is the oldest of the manufacturing industries 
of Waterville, so the hardware business into which Mr. Arnold 
entered fifty years ago had even then been long established 
and was successful according to the standards of the time. Mr. 



5IO HISTOKY OK WATKUXILI.E. 

Arnold was born in Sidney, Me., August 22, 1835, the son of 
Jeremiah and Vesta (Bailey) Arnold. He was educated at the pub- 
lic schools, the Waterville Liberal Institute and Westbrook Sem- 
inary. April 5, 1832, he became a clerk in the hardware business 
of Dunn, Elden & Company. September, 1863, he entered into 
partnership with Jones R. Elden, which was terminated by the 
death of Mr. Elden in April, 1864. From 1864 to 1876 Mr. 
Nathaniel Aleader was a member of the firm, the firm name being 
Arnold and Aleader. He then bought out Air. Aleader and the 
firm became W. B. Arnold and Company. Mr. Arnold has 
served the town and city in several offices. In 1877 ^''^ was on 
the board of selectmen, has been chief engineer of the fire depart- 
ment, for his services in this capacity a gold medal was pre- 
sented him by members and friends of the department. For 
seventeen years he has been a member of the committee in charge 
of Pine Grove Cemetery. A'Ir. Arnold has been master of Water- 
ville Lodge, F. and A. AL, and is a member of St. Omer Com- 
mandery, Knights Templar. He is an attendant at the Unitarian 
church. In 1864 he was united in marriage with Miss Ellen 
Louise Furbish. They have one son. Air. Frederick J. Arnold, 
who was born in 1868, was educated at the Institute, at Phillips 
Academy, Exeter, N. H., and at the School of Technolog}', Bos- 
ton. Since graduation Mr. Arnold has given his attention to the 
hardware business with his father. 

Air. Oscar G. Springfield, though born in Castine, Me., Nov- 
ember II, 1854, has spent his entire business life in Waterville. 
In 1 87 1 he entered the store of Arnold and Aleader as clerk, 
where he remained until 1888, when he became partner in the 
firm; the partnership still continues. In 1888 Air. Springfield 
married Aliss Florence A. Worcester of Cambridge, Alass., a 
great-grand-daughter of Alayor Bolcom, who was prominent in 
the early history of Waterville. They have three children. Mr. 
Springfield is a member of Waterville Lodge, F. and A. AI., and 
is president of the Canibas Club. 

Martin Blaisdell, son of Hosea Blaisdell, was born in 
Winthrop, Me., Alarch 29, 1845. • ^^ was educated in the town 
schools and in Waterville Academy, now Coburn Institute. He 
was married, June 26, 1871, to Miss Annie A. Hitchings, 



iiisToRv OF \\ati;r\'ille. 511 

daughter of Samuel Hitchings of Waterville. For the most of 
his Hfe Mr. Blaisdell has been employed in farming, having a 
large and fine farm in the southern part of the town. He has 
been interested, also, in horse and stock breeding and introduced 
the first Percheron stallion in this section of the county. In 
1872-3 he was associated with C. H. Redington in the furniture 
business. He has served the town as selectman in 1876-7, street 
commissioner in 'g^-'o^, was member of the city counsel for the 
years '96, '97 and '98, and in 1901 was elected on an independent 
ticket without any opposition as mayor of the city. He was 
re-elected as the Republican candidate in 1902. The signal 
events of his administration have been the erection of the new 
City Hall, to which Mayor Blaisdell has given much time, care- 
ful oversight and valuable judgment ; and the celebration of the 
Centennial. Mr. Blaisdell is a member of Waterville Lodge, 
Xo. 33, F. and A. M., and of St. Omer Commandery, No. 12, 
Knights Templar. 
/^ Levi Thompson Boothby was born in Livermore, Me., June 
'21, 1818, and died at his residence in Waterville, comer of 
Pleasant and Park streets. January 9, 1900. He was the son 
of Icliabod and Charlotte (Knight) Boothby. He was educated 
in the public schools. He married Sophia P. Brett, August 23, 
1843, ^"d Charlotte Francis, October 28, 1876. He learned the 
blacksmith's trade in his youth and did the iron work on scythe 
snaths. He was station agent of the Somerset and Kennebec 
Railroad at the Front street station, from 1858 to '68; after- 
wards in the insurance business, the agency of L. T. Boothby and 
Son, doing a business among the very largest in the State. He 
was very active in the Sons of Temperance ; was a member of 
the I. O. O. F., and of the Free Baptist church. His children 
are Frederic E. Boothby, mayor of Portland ; Ellen S., Mary 
Louisa, Wm. A. R., Edward D., and Emma D. He resided in 
Norway, 1839-1846; in South Paris, 1846- 1857, and in Water- 
ville, 1857-1900. 

Frederic Elcazer Boothby, one of the most successful of those 
sons of Waterville whose business life has led them elsewhere, 
was born in Norway, Me., December 3, 1845, the son of Levi 
Thompson and Sophia (Brett) Boothby. He was educated in 



512 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the public schools, the Normal Institute at South Paris and the 
VVaterville Classical Institute. He began his business life as 
assistant postmaster of Waterville in 1861. May i, 1864 he was 
made master of transportation of the M. C. R. R. with office at 
Waterville : shortly after the office of general ticket agent was 
assigned to him. In 1871 he became paymaster and freight 
auditor of the Maine Central with office at Augusta. In 1874 
he was again appointed general ticket agent and removed to 
Portland, and in 1875 became also, general passenger agent of 
the Maine Central system, which position, ever growing more 
important under his able management, he still holds. He is al.^o 
general passenger agent of the I'hillips & Rangeley R. R. and of 
the Portland, Mt. Desert & Machias Steamboat Company. For 
five years Mr. Boothby was president of the Portland Board of 
Trade, giving to it a very successful leadership. He is a trustee 
of the Union Safe Deposit and Trust Company, president of the 
Forest City Loan and Building Association, treasurer of the 
Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary, trustee of Coburn Classical 
Institute, beside other important and responsible positions. Mr. 
Boothby has never sought public office, but was appointed by 
Governor Bodwell a member of his staff. Gov. Marble con- 
tinued the appointment and Governor Burleigh made him com- 
missary-general of his staff, with rank of colonel. Mr. Boothby 
became mayor of the city of Portland in 1901, and his adminis- 
tration proved so business-like, clean and popular, that he was 
re-elected mayor for 1902 by a very coini^liinentary vote. Mr. 
Boothby is connected with but one fraternity, being a member of 
Portland Commandery, Knights Templar. October 25, 1871, he 
was married to Miss Adelaide E. Smith, daughter of Charles H. 
and Vesta (Thayer) Smith. Mr. Smith is remembered by many 
as the popular proprietor of the "Williams House" at Waterville. 
A graceful indication of Mrs. Boothby's interest in Waterville, 
is her recent gift of the beautiful vase which adorns the park in 
front of the new City Hall. 

Frank Chase, one of the most successful of Waterville inven- 
tors and business men, was bom in Waterville, May 10, 1847, 
the son of Franklin S. and Dorothy Annis Chase. He was edu- 
cated in the city schools but at seventeen years of age joined the 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 513 

navv. On the close of the war he became a machinist and inven- 
tor in Boston, where he resided until 1894, when he returned 
to Waterville and bought the Herrick place on Western avenue. 
During this time Mr. Chase invented and patented the Chase 
lasting machine. This machine was very successful, came into 
large use and through the company which controls it, pays Mr. 
Chase a very handsome annual revenue. About fifty other 
patents are on Mr. Chase's list. .A.fter coming to Waterville, 
Air. Chase built the stone dam on the Messalonskee and devel- 
oped the business which he sold to the Union Gas and Electric 
Company. This has greatly increased Waterville's electrical 
power. In 1902 Mr. Chase formed the Chase Manufacturing 
Company and is erecting a woolen mill on the Messalonskee on 
the old tannery water privilege. November 19, 1865, Mr. Chase 
was married to Miss Valora A. Whitney, daughter of Thomas 
and Hephzibah Whitney of Etna, Me. They have no children. 
Mr. Chase is a member of Waterville Lodge, F. and A. M. 

Cyrus WilUani Daiis was born in Buxton Center, September 
25, 1856, the son of Cyrus and Harriet (Pratt) Davis. He was 
educated in the schools of Buxton and in the academy at Gorham, 
Me. He married, December 25, 1879, Miss Flora E. Philbrook, 
daughter of Mr. Joseph Philbrook of Lisbon Falls. They have 
two sons, Harold Philbrook and Russell Wendell. Mr. Davis 
began his business life with Hon. E. H. Banks of Biddeford. a 
dry goods merchant, and at the age of twenty-two engaged in 
a like business with S. Smith, Jr., in Waterville. This partner- 
ship lasted for five years. Since that time Mr. Davis has been 
engaged in general investment and corporation business, since 
1890 under the firm name of Davis and Soule, with offices in 
New York City, Boston, St. John, N. B., and Waterville. He 
is in the directorate of many corporations and has given much 
attention to mining and electric railroads. His enterprise and 
sound judgment have made him especially successful. Mr. 
Davis has been a member of the city government and was elected 
as Waterville's representative in the Legislature, a position which 
he now (1902) holds. He was the Democratic candidate for 
speaker of the House, and served on the ways and means an! 
other important business committees. He is a member of Water- 
33 



514 HISTORY OF WATERVir.LE. 

ville Lodge. No. 33, F. and A. M., Teconnet Chapter, Xo. 52. R. 
A. M., and St. Omer Cominandery No. 12, Knights Templar. 
He is a memher of the Baptist church and is a trustee of Coburn 
Classical Institute. He was re-elected to the Legislature in 
September, 1902. 

George Watson Dorr, the veteran druggist, was born, March 
24., 1842. He was educated in the public schools of Augusta 
and in the Maine Wesleyan Seminary at Kents Hill. He has 
been (1902) forty-four years in the drug business. After an 
apprenticeship of four years in Boston, he was in business for 
nine years in Augusta. He then came to Waterville and was in 
partnership with Ira H. Low for five years from 1870-1875. 
Mr. Dorr was married, August 8, 1867, to Miss Mary P. Fol- 
lansbee. They have one daughter, Miss Annie G. Dorr. Mr. 
Dorr is a member of Waterville Lodge, F. and A. M., Teconnet 
Chapter, and St. Omer Commandery, K. T. He is a member 
of the American Pharmaceutical Association and is ex-pt-esident 
of the Maine Pharmaceutical Association. 
V^ Reuben B. Dunn was bom in Poland, Me., December 23, 1802. 
and was the son of Josiah and Sarah (Barnes) Dunn. He was 
educated in the common schools and academy. He married, in 
1827, Emeline Davis, who died in 1833 ; in 1834 he married a 
sister of Emeline, Eliza Davis, who died in 1837 ; in December, 
1838, he married Lydia R. Ayer. He taught school in 1820; 
was in a country store in 1821 ; afterwards bought and sold 
timber land and lumber ; sold clocks and threshing machines all 
the country over from the Penobscot to the Hudson ; general 
lumber business until 1857 ; of the firm Dunn, Elden and Com- 
pany, hardware dealers, 1850 to 1863; manufacturing scythes, 
axes and other agricultural tools from 1841 until his death ; pro- 
moting and developing railroads, cotton and woolen mills from 
1847; president Maine Central Railroad to 1870; in business 
life seventy-four years. He represented the town in the State 
Legislature. He was a member of the Methodist Episcopal 
church and a very large contributor to the erection of its house 
of worship in this city. His children were, by the first wife, 
Emeline, Mary Eliza ; by the second, Sarah Bames ; by the 
.bird, Willard M., Reuben \\'., and Cora A. He lived in Poland, 



HISTORY OF WATBRVILLE. $1$ 

Me., to 1841 . Keadfield. Me., to August. 1850; Waterville to 
his death which occurred, September 9, 1889. 

Willard M. Dunn, son of Reuben W. and Lydia (Aver) Dunn, 
was born in Fayette, Me., May 11, 1845. ^^ was educated in 
the schools of Watervulle and at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary 
at Kents Hill. He began his business career as a salesman in 
a cloth store in Boston in 1866, where he remained three years. 
Removing to Auburn, he engaged in shoe manufacturing, being 
a member of the firm of Pulsifer, Roak and Company. In 1873 
he became treasurer of the Ticonic Water Power and Manu- 
facturing Company at Waterville. He was a member of the 
firm of R. B. Dunn and Sons and shared actively in the building 
of the first Lockvvood mill and in the formation of the Lockwood 
Company and the development of their business, in which he 
still is a director. ]\]r. Dunn is interested in other mills and is 
in the directorate of several manufacturing companies. He is 
the president of the Dunn Edge Tool Company of Oakland. In 
1879 he was appointed postmaster of Waterville and has been 
re-appointed under each Republican administration to the present 
time. He has managed the rapidly increasing volume of post- 
office business to the satisfaction of the department and of the 
patrons of the office. The system has been greatly extended and 
improved during his administration. January i, 1874 Mr. Dunn 
married Miss Alma B. Lowell. They have one child, Mabel E., 
who has studied at Colby and in Boston. Mr. Dunn is a member 
of Waterville Lodge, F. and .A. M., Teconnet R. A. Chapter, Mt. 
Lebanon Council, St. Omer Commandery, Knights Templar, 
Kora Temple of the Mystic Shrine and Havelock Lodge, No. 35. 
Knights of Pythias. 

Reuben Wesley Dunn, son of Reuben B. and Lydia (Ayer) 
Dunn, was bom in Fayette, Me., February 8, 1847. The family 
moved to Waterville in 1850. He studied in the public and pri- 
vate schools of Waterville and at the Maine Wesleyan Seminary 
at Kents Hill. He was graduated by Colby University in the 
class of 1868 and after teaching as principal of Corinth Academy 
for two years gave himself wholly to a business life. He has 
been connected with the Lockwood Company; in partnership 
with Lorin A. Presby was in the department store business from 
1884 to 1 89 1. He has been a director and officer in several cotton 



5l6 HISTORY OF \VATER\n-LE. 

and woolen mill corporations in Waterville, Oakland and Madi- 
son. Since 1807 he has been president of the Somerset Railroad 
and treasurer and manager of the Dunn Edge Tool Company of 
Oakland. September 2, 1873, he was married to Miss Martha 
Baker, daughter of Judge Baker of Hallowell. Mrs. Dunn is the 
author of "Memory Street," "Lias' Wife" and other books ; also 
of many articles in the leading literary magazines which have 
won high appreciation and approval. Her depth of insight, 
clearness in portraiture and true feeling, sometimes veiled in 
humor, have given value as well as popularity to her books, 
while the reading of her unpublished stories for the benefit of 
the Woman's Association or the Woman's Literary Club has 
been a delightful feature of their winter's program. Mr. and 
Mrs. Dunn have two children, Florence E. and Henry W. The 
latter was graduated at Colby in '98 and at the Harvard Law 
School with high honor in the class of 1902. Mr. Dunn has 
been on the board of education six years and a trustee of Maine 
Wesleyan Seminary since 1877. He has received the degree of 
A. B. and A. M. from Colby, is a member of the Masonic order, 
the Zeta Psi fraternity and the Alethodist Episcopal church. 

Moses C. Foster was born in Newry, Oxford county. Me. in 
July, 1827, the son of Benjamin and Lovisa Foster. He studied 
in the common schools, the Rumford High school, taught at the 
time by the late Judge Virgin, Gould's Academy, Bethel, and 
Bridgton Academy. In June, 1849, he was married to Miss 
Francina Smith, daughter of Peter G. and Polly Smith of Bethel. 
In 1846 Mr. Foster commenced business as a contractor and 
builder and has continued in the same business for fifty-six 3'ears 
(1902). During the Civil War he served, by appointment, as 
master builder in the quartermaster's department, U. S. A., at 
Washington, D. C. The most of Mr. Foster's work has been on 
important contracts for public buildings for the U. S. Govern- 
ment, the State, counties, cities, towns, railroads, churches, etc. 
He has, to the present time, built thirteen churches. In 1874 he 
moved to Waterville and in 1880 associated with him in business, 
his onlj' son, Herbert G. Foster under the firm name of M. C. 
F'oster and Son. After the death of Mr. Herbert Foster the firm 
name was continued. Mr. Foster is a member of the I. O. O. F., 
and has long been a prominent and helpful member of the Metho- 



HISTORY OF watervillh;. 51/ 

(list church. His children are Eva E., wife of Dr. F. E. Stevens, 
Ada M., wife of Hon. W. C. Philbrook ; Herbert G., deceased ; 
Carrie M., wife of Frank Redington ; Alleen, wife of Frederick 
J. Arnold ; and Angie, wife of Dr. J. Frederick Hill. 

Mark Gallert has been from boyhood in business in Waterville. 
He was born in Germany, October 27, 1847, the son of Moses 
Gallert. In 1862 he entered the store of his brother, David Gal- 
lert, who for many years was a prominent and much respected 
merchant of this city. Since 1872 Mr. Gallert has been engaged 
in the boot and shoe business, in this, as in other business ven- 
tures, proving successful. October 27, 1872, being exactly 
twenty-five years old, he was married to Miss Rebecca Peavy, 
daughter of Jacob Peavy. He was selectman in 1877 ^"*^ 's a 
member of the Masonic order. His children are D. J. Gallert, 
Sidney M., Miriam F., Aimer P., and Gordon. In 1883 he built 
the fine residence on Silver street which has since been his home. 
He has large holdings in city real estate. 
l^ Blbridge L. Gefchell was born in Waterville, March 22, 1814. 
He was the son of Nehemiah Getchell, Jr., who in turn was son 
of the Nehemiah Getchell who acted as guide for Gen. Benedict 
Arnold in his expedition against Quebec. Eldridge Getchell was 
graduated in the class of 1837, Waterville College. He was 
twice married, in 1839 to Mary Shepherd, whose father was one 
of the first trustees of the college, and in 1850 to Mrs. Frances 
Ames. He read law two years with Harrison A. Smith and 
Isaac Redingon and was then admitted to the bar. He was post- 
master from 1844- '48 and from i854-'6o; from 1861 to 1879 
cashier of Waterville Bank. He was a trustee of the college 
from 1850 to 1880, and served as treasurer without compensa- 
tion for thirty years, from 1851 to 1881. He died, April 30, 
1899, at his home on Getchell street. 

]]' alter Bcenicnt Getchell was born in Winslow, December 24, 
1809 ; was the son of William Getchell. He was in the Winslow 
public schools and in the Waterville Institute. In 1833 he mar- 
ried Ann Elisabeth Balkcom ; in 1847 Antionette Colby. In 
1830 he was partner with William Getchell in a grocery store ; 
from 1831 in lumber business, saw mills, steamboat building and 
sea faring ; and was in business for seventy years. He has long 



5l8 HISTORY OF UATERVILLE. 

been a member of the Universalist church. His children are Ann 
E. (Davis), L. Alice (Burr), Sanborn P., Leslie S., Eva S., 
Albert Colby. His residence is at 47 Silver street, Waterville. 
He is now the oldest resident of the city. 

Eliphalet Gozv was the son of Dea. James Gow, a Scotchman 
from Glasgow, settled in Hallowell. Eliphalet served an appren- 
ticeship as a tinman until twenty years of age when he bought 
the remainder of his time for $100, and with ten dollars worth 
of tin and a few tools came to Waterville. He began business 
in a shop on the comer of Main and Silver streets. This was in 
1826 or 1827. Industrious, skilful and upright, he steadily pros- 
pered until 1836 when he built the store of Boutelle block, now 
owned and occupied by W. B. Arnold & Co. It has been occu- 
pied continuously as a hardware store till the present day, and a 
profitable business has been carried on by every one of Mr. Gow's 
successors — Chadboume & Gilman, Jones R. Elden, Stephen 
Stark, R. B. Durm, G. A. Phillips, Nathl. Aleader and W". B. 
Arnold & Co. He married Serena M., daughter of Dea. Xath'l 
Russell, in whose family he lived. His son, Geo. B. Gow, was 
educated at Waterville Academy, Waterville College and New- 
ton Theological Seminary. He was settled as a pastor in 
Gloucester, Mass. and Glens Falls, N. Y., and having retired 
from the ministry on account of ill health, is now living at 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Eliphalet Gow died of consumption, 1837. 

Joseph Henry Grondin, born in St. Victor, Canada, county of 
Bauce, April 3, 185 1, was the son of Narcisse and Marie 
(Bolduc) Grondin; married, January 11, 1887, Alphonsine 
Dufault, born in Sherbrooke, Canada. Their two children are 
Antionette and Gragiella. He came to Waterville at the age of 
two and one-half years, was educated in our public schools, and 
in 1889 bought out the stove and furniture business of Oscar 
Emerson, with whom he had worked for fifteen years. He was 
overseer of the poor for two years ; was a member of the Society 
of St. John the Baptist, of the Union Lafayette, of the United 
Workmen, and of the Knights of Cohnnbus. His dcatli occurred 
December 30, 1900, as the result of an accident. 

Charles Foster Hathaway, born in Plymouth, Mass., July 2, 
1816, was the son of Joshua and Rebecca (Foster) Hathaway. He 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 519 

was educated in the common schools, hut began work when 
eleven years of age. In 1840 he married Temperance Black- 
well. He learned the printer's trade with E. Merriam & Co., 
West Brookfield, INIass., and worked for some time with G. & C. 
Alerriam, Springfield, Alass. He came to Waterville in 1843, 
worked as a printer here and in 1847 started "The Waterville 
Union," which he soon sold to Ephriam Maxham, who changed 
its name to "The Eastern Mail." In 1850 he built a shirt factory 
in Watertown, Mass., and in 1853 started the same business in 
Waterville, which he continued until his death. He was 
very active in temperance and religious work and his efforts 
among the people on the Plains, begun in 1857, had much to do 
in starting the Baptist interest in that part of the city. He was 
a member of the Baptist church. His place of business and 
residence were on Appleton street. He died, December 5, 1893. 

Frederick P. Haviland, long prominent in the business life of 
the city, was born at Danville, Vt., December 24, 1808, the son 
of Ebenezer Haviland. He came to Waterville in 1833 in the 
employ of the Fairbanks Company who, fearing that the scale 
business would be overstocked, started the manufacture of plows 
at Waterville. This was the beginning of the Waterville Iron 
Works. In 1843 t^he firm of Webber and Haviland was formed 
and continued the foundry business until 1873, when Webber 
and Philbrick became their successors. Mr. Haviland was mar- 
ried in June, 1848, to Miss Abby Chase of Fryeburg, Me. Mr. 
Haviland had two sons, Frederick, who spent most of his life 
in the W^est, and Charles T., who is in business in New York. 
Mr. Haviland had represented Waterville in the Legislature, 
w'as one of the first board of aldermen, and a director of the 
Peoples Bank. He was an active and influential member of the 
Congregational church. He wai prosperous in business, helpful 
in business relations and charitable to the needy. He died in 
January, 1893, his wife surviving him until 1902. 

Hon. Josiali Manchester Haynes, son of Josiah M. and Bath- 
sheba (Waugh) Haynes, was born in Waterville, May 12, 1839. 
He studied at Waterville Academy, Coburn Institute and was 
graduated with high rank at Waterville College in the class of 
i860. He then became principal of Lincoln Academy, New- 



520 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

castle, Me., where he taught successfully for three years. After 
two years' study of the law he was admitted to the New York 
bar in 1865. In 1866 he returned to Maine and engaged in busi- 
ness enterprises at Augusta. These enterprises have been 
remarkably successful. He has been president of the Kennebec 
Land and Lumber Company, of the Haynes and DeWitt Ice 
Company, was one of the organizers of the Edwards Manufac- 
turing Company, and, in 1894, organized the Augusta .Trust 
Company, of which he is president. He is largely interested 
and is a director in the Augusta and Gardiner Street Railway, 
the Thomaston and Camden, the Bangor and Oldtown, and many 
other similar properties in the West. He is also a director of 
the Eastern Steamboat Company. For five years he represented 
Augusta in the Legislature, for four of which he was speaker 
of the House. He has had two terms in the State Senate and was 
president of that body during the critical year of 1879. His 
ability as a lawyer, orator and statesman was of great value to 
the State at that time in the settlement of questions which threat- 
ened bloodshed. Mr. Haynes was married in 1865 to Miss Eliza- 
beth S. Sturgis. Their children are Marion Douglass, Hope 
Manchester, Muriel Sturgis. The family residence is at 
Augusta. 
V' Perham S. Fleald was born in Solon, ]\Iaine, December 20, 
1842, the son of Thomas H. Heald. He was educated in the 
public schools and in that stem school, the Civil War. Mr. 
Heald enlisted, August 25, 1862, in the 19th Maine, one of the 
famed fighting regiments. He served till the close of the war, 
sharing in the battles of Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, the Wil- 
derness, Petersburg and many minor engagements. For nine 
months he was a prisoner at Libby and Andersonville. At the 
close of the war Mr. Heald commenced business in Waterville 
as a clothing merchant, and has continued in the same business 
ever since (1902). In 1868 he was married to Miss Mary E. 
AVebb. Mr. Heald has had an active part in politics, was city 
assessor for three years, member of the Maine Legislature 1887. 
1888, 1889. Member of the Senate, 1897, 1899. Mr. Heald is 
a member of W. S. Heath Post, G. A. R., of which he has been 
commander, is a Mason and a member of the Baptist church. 



HISTORY OF WATERV'ILLi;. 521 

He has one son, Mr. Fred P. Heald, who is engaged in business 
with his father. 

^ Sheriff James Preston Hill was born in Waterville, August 
2, 1827, the son of Purmot and Lydia Smith Hill. Early in 
life Mr. Hill learned the trade of a blacksmith, but later became 
proprietor of a grocery store which he conducted for many years. 
During the War of the Rebellion he served as provost marshal, 
and for the last thirty-five years has been deputy sheriff of Ken- 
nebec county. Mr. Hill has been deeply interested in the fire 
department, was an original member of the famous "Waterville 
3" company and served for some time as chief engineer of the 
department. February 17, 1849, he married Miss Emeline B. 
Simpson. Their children are Annie M. (Cain), Charles A., Dr. 
J. Frederick, Edward P., Blanche F. and Wallace A. 

V George Jewell was bom in Clinton, Maine, June 3, 1824, and 
was the son of Sargent Jewell. His education was received in 
a small country school. He was married, July 15, 1849, to Clara 
Foster of Clinton. He came to Waterville in 1844 and engaged 
in steamboating on the Kennebec, first as a deck hand, then as a 
mate, finally as captain. In 1857 he purchased the Elmwood 
stables of Mr. C. E. Gray, and a few years later the Silver street 
stables, and continued the livery business until failing health 
compelled him to give it up after having been for fifty years in 
active business life. He was for several years one of the select- 
men of the town. He gave his support to the Unitarian church. 
He was a charter member of Samaritan Lodge, I. O. O. F., and 
belonged to all the Masonic orders in the city — Waterville Lodge, 
No. 33, St. Omer Commandery, No. 12. His son, Capt. Frank 
A. Jewell, has for many years commanded a steamer on the 
Sacramento river, California, and his daughter, Mrs. Annie F. 
Oowan, now resides with her mother in Los Angeles, Cal. He 
died at the Elmwood, October 30, 1895, and the funeral services, 
with Masonic ceremonies, were held in the Unitarian church, and 
were conducted by Rev. J. L. Seward and Rev. J. T. Volentine. 
Capt. Jewell was for fifty-one years a resident of Waterville. 

^ Edgar L. Jones, son of Samuel S. Jones, was born in De.xter, 
Me., March 15, 1853; was educated in our common schools and 
in the University of Michigan : married M. Adelle Curtis, Octo- 



522 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ber 20, 1875. Located as a dentist in Waterville in the Savings 
Bank block in 1879. Was elected alderman in 1888, and was 
mayor of Waterville for the two years 1891 and 1892. Is a mem- 
ber of the Knights of Pythias. His two sons are Charles Leroy 
and Carl Curtis. He was one of the first to build in Nudd Field, 
at the corner of Nudd and Dalton streets. His present residence 
is at 58 Elm street. 
\/ Simeon Keith, one of the oldest residents of Waterville, was 
a member of the Centennial Committee of one hundred and had 
a deep interest in the anniversary, but his death occurred before 
the time of the celebration. His genial face, kindly spirit, interest 
in others, and especially all that concerned Waterville, made him 
one of the most popular of the citizens. He was born in Winslow, 
Oct. 26, 1814, the son of Sidney, son of Simeon Keith. For 
sixty-three years Mr. Keith was engaged in the carriage trim- 
ming and harness making business in Waterville. For fifty 
years he was a member of the Waterville Fire Department, 
serving it in every capacity, and was chief engineer for many 
years. He was a member of the I. O. O. F., and from its organ- 
ization until his death was a loyal supporter of the Unitarian 
church. He married, Nov. 26, 1840, jMiss Lydia Frances Hill of 
Waterville. Their children were Sidney, Willard, Charles F., 
Marian and Robert. Charles F. has been connected with the 
railroad nearly all his life; was for twenty-one years engineer, 
and has held the position of traveling engineer on the M. C. R. R. 
since 1893. He has been long connected with the city govern- 
ment, serving four years as alderman. He is married and has 
one son, Albert R. Keith. 
•^ William Kendall was born in Kendall's Mills, Fairfield, Jan. 2, 

1784. He was the son of Gen. Wm. Kendall, who was bom 
Sept. It, 1759, and died Aug. 11, 1827. He was educated in the 
common schools. He married Abigail Chase, by whom he had 
six children, William, Orra, Mahaleth, Emeline, James Madison 
and Benjamin Franklin. He married a second time Philadelphia 
Bowie Maxwell, and had one child, Juliette. James M., of Bow- 
doinham, is the onlv child now living, 85 years old. 

Mr. Wm. Kendall ran a saw mill in Waterville, on Ticonic 
dam, near where the factories now are, six or eight hundred feet 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 523 

south of the bridge. He invented and built the first circular saw. 
The saw was six feet in diameter, built of boiler plates riveted 
together ; and the steel teeth, about three by four inches, were 
fastened in proportion by fifteen or twenty rivets for each tooth. 
The saw would do the work of four saws, and once there was 
made from a single pine log 3310 feet of clear boards. A cara- 
van came to the town, charging twenty-five cents admission, and 
on the next day they came to the mill and each man put twenty- 
five cents into the hat held by one of their number, saying that it 
was more of a show to see the saw walk through a log than it was 
to see their own exhibition. "Jan. i, 1827, the titizens of Water- 
ville presented to Capt. William Kendall, then townsman, a gold 
medal in approbation of the improvement he has made in the 
circular saw. The money to purchase the medal was given by 
subscribers, at one dollar each, no one being permitted to give 
more. The medal in form resembled the circular saw, and was 
made by ^layor Bolcom of this town. At three o'clock a large 
number of people had assembled at Dow's Hall, which was neatly 
prepared for the occasion. The medal was presented by Prof. 
Avery Briggs of Waterville College. After the presentation the 
company partook of refreshments, prepared by the committee, 
consisting of Jediah Merrill, Daniel Cook and Lticius Allen." 
— Waterville Intelligencer, Jan. 4, 1827. 

^ Mr. Kendall was also at work upon revolvers, and had one all 
completed as far as setting the barrels, and others under way, 
when one night the greater part of the work was stolen. He 
also made an invention pertaining to the casing of water wheels, 
which he patented and which he used in Waterville and in Fair- 
field. His residence here was near the west end of Ticonic 
bridge, between Moses Dalton's and John R. Philbrick's. He 
died in Fairfield, Nov. 27, 1872. 

Christian Knauff was born in Hersfeld, Germany, May i, 1841, 
the son of Heinrich Knauff ; was educated in public and com- 
mercial schools ; married Mathilde Susskraut in Portland, Jan. 16, 
1868, and Ida Grimm in New York, Oct. 5, 1876. He came to 
Waterville in 1863, and was engaged in the dry goods business 
until 1895; was a member of the common council in 1891 and 
1892, and of the board of aldermen in 1893; was mayor of the 



524 HISTORY OF WATERXILI-E. 

city in 1894 and 1895, and is now acting as overseer of the poor ; 
is a director of the People's National Bank of Waterville, and 
president of Waterville Savings Bank ; is a member of Samari- 
tan Lodge, No. 39, I. O. O. F., of Ahiram Encampment, No. 22, 
and Canton Halifax, No. 24. His children are Mrs. Lizzie M. 
Parsons, Minneapolis, Minn., Emma A. Knauff, Waterville, 
Henry W. Knauff, Minneapolis, Minn., Frederick E. KnauflF, 
Minneapolis, Minn. His residence is at No. 29 Pleasant street, 
Waterville. 
^ Isaac C. Libby was born at Exeter, Maine. June 2, 1837. He 
was the son of James and Mary Ann (Boston) Libby. He was 
educated in the common schools of Exeter and Troy, Me., and 
fitted for college at Hampden (Me.) Academy. He married 
Helen M. Green of Troy, Me., in 1859. He began teaching 
school at the age of sixteen ; in 1858 engaged in farming in 
Troy ; in i860 started in the cattle business, shipping live stock to 
the Brighton market, and his extensive business gave him the 
title of "Cattle King of Maine." In 1892 he moved to Water- 
ville ; became a director of the People's National Bank, and pres- 
ident of Waterville Trust and Safe Deposit Company. In 1893, 
purchased Waterville and Fairfield Railway and Light Company, 
and became president of same ; first president of the Maine Con- 
densed Milk Co. ; in connection with A. F. Gerald, constructed 
the Calais and St. Stephen, the Skowhegan and Norridgewock, 
the Bangor, Orono and C)ld Town, and the Portsmouth, Kitterj' 
and York Street Railways, and was treasurer of all of these 
companies. In company with Messrs. Merrill, Milliken and 
C. E. Libby, he owned and operated two large sheep and cattle 
ranches in Montana. In 1893 he purchased the large landed 
estate known as the "Waterville Annex." He was Republican 
representative to the Maine Legislature in 1885- 1889, member of 
the National Convention of 1888 that nominated Benjamin Har- 
rison. He was a Free Mason and an Odd Fellow, and an hon- 
orary member of several temperance societies. His children are 
Arthur Preston, Charles Everett, Howard Isaac, Ernest L., 
Frank Leroy, Pearl Ashton, Mrs. Wm. M. Pulsifer, and Herbert 
Carlyle. He contributed more than a thousand articles to New 
England papers. His place of residence was on Highwocd street, 
Waterville. He died Oct. 12, 1899. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 525 

Wiliiain M. Lincoln, a life-long resident and busniess man of 
this city, was born in Waterville July 26, 1830, the son of George 
W. Lincoln. He received his education in the public schools and 
the Institute, and he entered business as a grocer in 1854. This 
he continued with marked success for forty years, retiring in 
1894 and disposing of his business to his son-in-law, Mr. Geo. 
A. Kennison, and his son, Frank A. Lincoln. 

Mr. Lincoln was married in 1856 to Miss Delia H. Ireland. 
Their children are Cora B., Florence M. (Kennison), Frank A. 
and Ralph E. Mr. Lincoln was member of the city council for 
two years, and since 1854 has been a member of the Masonic 
Order. Since his retirement from business ^Ir. Lincoln has 
given his attention to his large holdings of real estate. His resi- 
dence since 1854 has been at 22 School street. 

»- Charles Edzvard Alatthezvs is not an old man, although his bus- 
iness trade mark is "Old Reliable." He was bom in Boston, 
Dec. 2, 1846, the son of George F. and Louisa Field Matthews. 
He was married Dec. 24, 1876, to Miss Clara Snell, daughter of 
Mr. Ebenezer Snel! of St. Albans. Two children were born to 
them, Louisa Bates and Gertrude Isabel. Mr. ]\Iatthews has 
had two partners in business, Mr. Geo. H. Matthews and ]Mr. 
D. H. Swan. He has served the city as councilman, alderman 
and chairman of the board of registration. He is a member of 
the Masonic Order, and of the Independent Order of Foresters. 
He has been engaged in the grocery business since 1881. 

/ Charles Kimball Mathavs was born in Waterville, Nov. 19, 
1823. He was the son of John and Pamelia Mathews. He 
attendecj the town schools, Waterville Liberal Institute and Hal- 
lowell Academy. He married Mary Elizabeth Marston. He 
taught a winter term of school in Sidney, taught in Waterville 
Grammar school, and one term in Hallowell. In April, 1846, 
he entered the book business in Waterville, in which he con- 
tinued twenty-eight years. For five years he was engaged in 
introducing school books, and for twenty-three he conducted 
an insurance agency, a total of fifty-six years of active business 
life. He was a director in the old Ticonic Bank and in the 
Ticonic National Bank for thirty-six years, and president of the 
latter for eight and a half vears. He was a trustee of Waterville 



v^ 



526 HISTORY OF WATKRNILLE. 

Savings Bank for about twelve years. He served as chair- 
man of the board of selectmen ; was a Freemason, in reUgious 
preferences a Unitarian. His children are Florence, George, 
Charles VV. and Lizzie C. Of these, all are deceased except the 
son, Charles W., who for several years has been associated with 
his father in the insurance business. Mr. Mathews was one of 
the committee of one hundred and took deep interest in the Cen- 
tennial. He died, August 4, IQ02. 

P.phraim Ma.vham was born in Middleboro, !\Iass., in 1809. 
and was the son of Joseph Maxham. He married, in 1838, Eliza 
Anna Naylor, who died April 13, 1900. He came to Water- 
ville from Boston in 1847, s"*^' started "The Eastern Mail," send- 
ing copies of this new paper to subscribers of "The Waterville 
Union," a paper which had been published for a short time, by 
Charles F. Hathaway, but which was then discontinued. In 
July, 1849 Daniel R. Wing, was admitted to partnership in the 
"Mail," and the paper was published by Maxham and Wing 
until the death of Mr. Wing in 1885, December 2nd. Mr. Max- 
ham was a charter member of Samaritan Lodge, L O. O. F., and 
was also a member of the W^aterville Lodge of Freemasons. He 
had one son, George Naylor, who served his country honorably 
in the Civil War. Mr. Maxham built the house on Temple 
street next west of the Congregational church, and occupied this 
house at the time of his death. He died, December 27, 1886. 

Charles R. McFadden was born in Vassalboro, November 20, 
1820, and was the son of Charles and Temperance (Blackwell) 
McFadden. He was educated in the common schools, and mar- 
ried Emma H. Butterfield, February 11, 1849. He was in the 
dry goods business in Waterville for nine years, was collector 
and treasurer of the town, was postmaster from 1861 to 1879, 
sheriff of Kennebec county from 1884 to 1888. He belonged to 
Waterville Lodge. No. 33, F. and A. Masons and to Teconnet 
Chapter, R. A. M. He was a member of the Universalist church. 
His children are Andrew L., sheriff of Kennebec county, Alice, 
antl Zaidee, who died November 4. 1880. Mr. McFadden died 
August 7, 1897. 

Edivard G. Mcader, long connected with the business interests 
of Waterville, was born in Farmington, N. H., in 1825, the son 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 527 

of Nathaniel Header. He was educated in the Friends School 
of Providence, R. I. He came to Waterville in 1848 and 
engaged in the dry goods business with Geo. A. Phillips under 
the firm name of Header and Phillips, continuing the business 
until 1869. November 14, 1854 he was united in marriage to 
Hiss Helen A. Smith, daughter of Gen. Franklin Smith. Their 
children are Edward L- Emily P., who was graduated at Colby 
in the class of 1878 : Helen S. and Arthur R. In 1869 Hr. 
Header entered into partnership with Gen. Franklin Smith and 
F. A. Smith and engaged extensively in the lumber and milling 
business until 1880. Hr. Header retired from active business 
several years ago. 

^"^ Nathaniel Mcader was born at Rochester, Strafford Co., N. H., 
November 24, 1836; the son of Hanson and Susan (Lewis 
Shaw) Header. He is a graduate of Waterville College of the 
class of 1863, and is a member of the $ B K fraternity. From 
1864 to 1875 h^ was in the hardware business of Arnold and 
Header ; 1876-1888, Hubbard and Blake Hanufacturing 
Company; 1888-1892, Waterville Electric Light and Power 
Company; 1898-190T, Union Gas and Electric Company. 
Hember Haine House of Representatives, i876-'77, and 
1884; selectman 1884; mayor 1889 and 1890. Past master 
Waterville Lodge Free and Accepted Hasons ; member Teconnet 
Chapter, Royal Arch Hasons ; past commander St. Omer Com- 
mandery, Knights Templar. His residence is at No. 16, Horrill 
avenue. Hr. Header has always been deeply interested in the 
welfare of the town. It was by his efforts that the town was led 
to provide free text-books for the public schools. 

v'' James L. Merrick was born in Troy, He., March 24, 1845, ''^^ 
son of Hall C. and Hannah Work Herrick. He was educated 
in the common and high schools but at the age of seventeen he 
left home for the sterner discipline of the camp and battlefield. 
He enlisted in Company C, 19th Haine Regiment Volunteer 
Infantry, July 22, 1862. Totally disabled, he was discharged in 
April, 1863. In December, 1863 he re-enlisted and served to 
the close of 1864. Mr. Merrick has held many offices in the G. 
A. R., has been commander of W. S. Heath Post, department 
inspector, assistant inspector-general, assistant adjutant-general, 



528 HISTORY OF WATERVII.I.IC. 

1894, '98 and 1900. With remarkable unanimity he was chosen 
commander Department of Maine G. A. R for 1902-3. He was 
made a Master Mason in 1866, joined the Odd Fellows in 1877 
and has held offices in all three branches of the order. At present 
he is colonel of the 2nd Rcg^iment, Patriarchs Militant, I. O. O. F. 
For twenty-four years he has been engaged in the nursery stock 
business, employing a large number of agents. He was married 
March 16, 1869, to Susan Helen, daughter of Nathan and Betsy 
\\'ebb Ward of Thorndike, Me. Their children are Maude M., 
Nella M., Herbert James, Franklin L., Bessie A. Mr. Merrick 
served as superintendent of schools in Troy, Me., for three years 
and for two years in the city council of Watervillc. 

George Alfhcus Lyon Merrifield, born in Waterville, March i, 
1839, in the little cottage long occupied by the late Rufus Nason, 
(a relative) now standing on upper Main street, named for Hon. 
George Evans, a noted politician of his day, and for Hon. 
Alpheus Lyon, an early resident of the town. Mr. Merrifield 
was educated at the Waterville Liberal Institute, and in the pub- 
lic schools of the village ; was engaged in the boot and shoe 
trade in 1865, when appointed to a government position in Wash- 
ington, entering the pension bureau of the interior department, 
on June fifth of that year, where he has served continuously 
since, a period of thirty-seven years. It is rare that a man fills 
a government position in the same bureau for so long a period, 
and Mr. Merrifield is one of the few enjdying that distinction, 
being promoted in class and salary from time to time until 1882, 
when appointed a ''principal examiner" under an act of Congress 
in that year creating the position. Though a resident of Vir- 
ginia for the last twenty-eight years ]\Ir. Merrifield has a warm 
love for his native village and the old neighbors and friends and 
visits the old home at frequent intervals. 
\/ Dennis I.ibby Milliken was bom at Scarboro, Maine, February 
1st, 1804, and was the son of Allison and Jane Libby Alilliken. 
He was educated in the public schools and Gorham (Me.) 
Academy. In May, 1829, he was married to Miss Jane Larra- 
bee. In 1830 he engaged in the lumber business with Jacob 
Southwick of Vassalboro, which he carried on successfully for 
many years. He was largely engaged in the banking business 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 529 

after 1853. Mr. Milliken was a member of the Maine House of 
Representatives, of the Maine Senate, member of the Council 
under Governors Fairfield, Kavanagh and Lot M. Morrill; 
trustee of Waterville College (now Colby College), from 1859 
during life. He was a member of the board of commissioners 
to equalize town bounties paid during the Civil War ; was presi- 
dent of the Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad ; president of 
the Waterville Bank and of the Waterville National Bank from 
1855 until his death. As a man of business Mr. Milliken oc- 
cupied a prominent place in his town, county and state. He 
brought to the various business enterprises in which he was en- 
gaged, the soundest and most penetrating judgment; and this, 
joined with the high reputation for integrity which he uniformly 
maintained is doubtless very largely the explanation of the pros- 
perity and success which are understood to have rewarded his 
business career. He was a member and one of the founders of 
the Unitarian Society in Waterville. His children are George, 
Edward, Hadassah J. (Mrs. Isaac S. Bangs) and Mary E. Mr. 
Milliken died in Waterville, October 28th, 1879. 

Hon. Joshua Nye was born at Bucksport, Me., December 25, 
1819. He worked on a farm until he was sixteen years old, 
studied in the common schools and in academies at Waterville 
and Kent's Hill. In 1846 he engaged in trade at Fairfield and 
Waterville and on June twenty-third of that year was married 
to Elizabeth Wood of Groton, Mass. He represented 
Waterville in the Legislature of Maine. He became treasurer 
of the Androscoggin and Kennebec Railroad in 1855 and for 
seventeen years held the position and also was financial agent of 
the Maine Central Railroad. During his life in Waterville, Mr. 
Nye was especially active in temperance work, gathering about 
him every week the young people for instruction in temperance. 
They were called the Cadets of Temperance and included many 
who are now the foremost citizens. He was also a faithful mem- 
ber and liberal supporter of the Congregational church. In 
1868 he was appointed State constable for enforcing the prohibi- 
tory law and refusing the salary of $2,000 per year which ac- 
companied the office, so zealously did he fulfill its duties that his 
life was threatened many times. His life work has been in the 

3-1 



530 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

line of temperance. He was president of the Maine State Tem- 
perance society for twelve years, has been a member of the Sons 
of Temperance for fifty-eight years; twice has been grand chief 
Templar of Maine in the I. O. G. T. For six years Mr. Nye 
was insurance commissioner of Maine, and afterward was con- 
nected with the Equitable Life Insurance Company. From 1871 
to 1876 he represented Maine as Centennial Commissioner at 
Philadelphia. Tn 1885 he removed to Boston, and for many 
years has been connected with the Boston Custom House. His 
son Frank E. Nye, was graduated at ^Vest Point in 1869, and is 
now (1902) colonel in the Commissary Department, stationed at 
Vancouver Barracks, Washington. The Nye residence in 
Waterville is now the home of Mr. J. Frank Elden on Main 
street. 

Augustus Often was born in Erkelenz, Prussia, December 18, 
1853, the son of H. A. Otten. He received his education in the 
public schools of his native land and came when a boy of fifteen 
to New York. There he learned the business of baker. Coming 
to Waterville he established a bakery December 19, 1883, which 
with frequent enlargement and increasing success he has con- 
tinued to the present time (1902). Ocober 7, 1885, he was 
united in marriage to Miss Delia Richardson, daughter of Mr. 
Silas Richardson of Skowhegan, Me. Mr. Otten is a member 
of Havelock Lodge, Knights of Pythias. The family attend the 
Baptist church. 

Jacob Pcavy was born in the village of Krotoshine, Province of 
Posen. He came to America in 1848, but was shipwrecked and 
landed after much hardship possessed only of his life, his deter- 
mined purpose and his signal business ability. He came to 
Waterville in 1852 and with his brothers L. H. and Isaac, es- 
tablished the house of J. Peavy and Brothers. Their business 
was the cutting, making and retailing of men's clothing. Steadily 
the business advanced until it became the foundation of the great 
houses m Boston and New York now known as Peavy Brothers. 
Mr. Peavy removed to Boston in 1890, where he died in 1894. 
He had accumulated a large fortune and had firmly established 
the great business which has since been carried on by his sons. 
His children are Rebecca P., now Mrs. Mark Gallert, Gustavus I„ 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 531 

who graduated from Colby in the class of 1875, Silas, Henry, 
Esther, now Mrs. M. H. Goldschmidt of Boston, and Leo. All 
the sons are connected with the business which they inherited 
and have extended. 
^ Homer Pcrcival was the son of William Percival, who came 
to Winslow in 1804, and moved to Cross Hill, Vassalboro, in 
1807. Here Homer was bom, March 27th, 1816. He was 
educated in the common schools. He married Mary Crocker 
Percival, November 15, 1840. He came to Waterville when a 
young man and was a clerk in Mr. Sanger's store, and after- 
wards was in partnership with his broher, Joseph. After 
twenty-five years in business he became cashier of the Peoples' 
Bank and of the Peoples' National Bank, being succeeded after 
thirty-six years by his son, J. Foster Percival. He was a mem- 
ber of the Congregational church and of the I. O. O. F. His 
children were J. Foster, Marshall C, Charles H., Ellen M., Susan 
J., Clara E. His residence in Waterville was on Pleasant street, 
where he died April 6, 1898. 
^ Joseph Pcrniva/ wa.s born in Vassalboro, January 31, 1813. 
He was the son of William Percival and was one of a family of 
eight children. About 1833 he came to Waterville and taught 
several terms in the school building on Front street. In 1835 
he married Emeline, daughter of James Gray and sister of Jonas 
and C. E. Gray. He was for a short time clerk for William 
Dow in a store near where Peavy block now stands, then in 
business for himself with his brother Homer. He held almost 
every position of honor the town could give him, having been a 
teacher, superintendent of schools, town clerk, treasurer, col- 
lector, first selectman, representative to the Legislature. He was 
identified with the Universalist church. His children were 
Annie E., Henry H., Frank )., Albert W., Willie C, and Mor- 
rell. His wife died in 1895. His own death occurred February 
7, 1898. 
'•^ John White Philbrick was born in Waterville, March 8, 1821, 
the son of John Robinson Philbrick. He was educated in the 
public schools and in Waterville Academy, showing even then so 
strong a bent for mathematical and mechanical studies that Prof. 
Keely coveted him for his department. Thoroughly to learn the 



532 HISTORY OF WATERVIIXE. 

trade of a mechanic was to him no unpleasant task. Having 
married I\Iiss Julia Shepherd Moore he went to Wisconsin, in 
1843, where he remained about four years. He held office in 
the territorial government of Taychudah, Wis. Returning to 
Waterville he served as engineer on some of the river steam- 
boats, but came to the great work of his life when the Andro- 
scoggin and Kennebec Railroad entered Waterville. He rode in 
on the first locomotive which reached this place in 1849. Soon 
after he became master mechanic of the A. and K. Rail- 
road retaining his position in the Maine Central for thirty-three 
years. Of great ability in mechanical constructions and of 
absolute integrity his administration of the railroad shops was 
eminently sucessful and profitable to the corporation. En- 
gines made from his designs and many appliances were copied 
and used in other shops. Mr. Philbrick was for several years a 
trustee of the Merchants Bank. After the death of his first wife 
in 1859, he was married to Mrs. Mary Shaw Dauble in 1863. 
She died in 1888. Mr. Philbrick was a member of Waterville 
Lodge F. & A. M., and was for nearly sixty years a member of 
the Baptist church. For forty years he served as deacon, to the 
profit and satisfaction of the church. His children are Mrs. 
Elizabeth B., wife of Prof. John B. Foster, LL. D. ; Samuel M., 
of Portland, Oregon ; Frank B., of the firm of Webber & Phil- 
brick of the Waterville Iron Works, Mrs. Frances P., wife of 
Charles F. Meserve, LL. D., president of Shaw University, and 
the late Lieutenant J. Herbert Philbrick, U. S. A., who died 
twelve years ago. As one of the old and honored citizens of 
Waterville, Mr. Philbrick greatly enjoyed the centennial exer- 
cises. He died at his summer home at Squirrel Island, July 17, 
1902. 

V Frank B. Philbrick, son of John W. Philbrick, was born in 
Waterville, November 9, 1848. He was educated in the Water- 
ville schools, Kent's Hill Seminary and the Mt. Kisco Military 
Academy. Mr. Philbrick early showed a talent for mechanics 
and mechanical engineering. July i, 1873, he entered the firm of 
Webber, Haviland & Philbrick, founders and manufacturers of 
machinery. November i, 1882, Mr, Webber and Mr. Philbrick 
bought out the interest of Mr. Haviland. After the burning of 




GEOROE AI.FIUCn PHII.I.IPS. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 533 

their shops and foundry they built a new. larger and greatly im- 
proved plant at the head of the falls, known as the Waterville 
Iron Works, (vid. Manufacturing Industries Chapter XV). 
Mr. Philbrick has served on the board of education, is a deacon of 
the Baptist church, as was his father before him, is the treasurer 
of the Good Will Home Association which conducts the great 
work for boys and girls at East Fairfield, founded and man- 
aged by Rev. G. W. Hinckley, is the president of the Waterville 
Y. M. C. A. to which he has given not only money but time and 
attention in conducting classes in mechanical draughting ; he is 
also a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 
Mr. Philbrick was married, June 17, 1873, to Addie Frances 
Shaw, daughter hi Rev. B. F. Shaw, D. D. After her death he 
was married, January 26, 1898. to Mary L., daughter of Prof. 
S. K. Smith. He had two sons, Herbert Shaw, who after 
graduation at Colby has been principal of the Calais High school, 
and Benjamin Elden, who was graduated at Colby, in 1900, and 
after long illness borne with splendid courage, died in Raleigh, 
North Carolina, 1902. 
1^ George Alfred Phillips was born in Waterville, April. 1826, 
and was the son of William and Caroline (Crommett) Phillips. 
He married Marcia Tucker of Fairfield. He commenced busi- 
ness with his father in a general store. In December, 1848, the 
firm of Meader & Phillips, dry goods dealers, was formed and 
continued eighteen years, in 1830 building the block now oc- 
cupied by Wardwell Brothers. In April, 1866, he sold out to 
C. R. McFadden & Son, and he was then in the "Ticonic Water- 
power Construction Company, and later purchasing agent of the 
Maine Central Railroad until 1876. He bought out the hard- 
ware business of Arnold & Meader, which in company with his 
oldest son, C. M. Phillips, he continued until he sold out to W. 
B. Arnold and Company, in 1881. He then bought one-half in- 
terest in Lawrence Brothers lumber business at Shawmut, which 
he sold in 1891 and came to Fairfield and formed the lumber 
company of G. A. & C. M. Phillips. When the mills were 
burned in 1895, he went to Farmingdale, and built the- large 
sawmill now run by the Burleigh Mills Company. He was 
largely instrumental in starting the Ticonic Water-power Com- 
pany and inducing ]\Ir. Lockwood to take interest in the enter- 



534 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

prise. He belonged to the Free Masons, and at his death was 
next to the oldest member of the Waterville Lodge, only J. H. 
Drummond having joined before him. He was identified with 
the Unitarian church and was for years the leader of its choir. 
His children were Anna Cora, Charles M., John H., Edward H. 
His residence was on Silver street. 

Aaron Appleton Plaisfed was born in Waterville, at the Asa 
Faunce house, foot of Main street, March 25, 1831. He is the 
son of Dr. Samuel and Mary (Appleton) Plaisted, his mother 
being a daughter of Dr. Moses Appleton. He was educated at 
Waterville Academy and Waterville College and was graduated 
with Phi Beta Kappa rank, in the class of 1851. He taught in 
Bloomfield Academy, 1851. At Shelburne Falls, (Mass.) 
Academy, 1852. After studying law at Harvard Law School, 
he became partner of Hon. Samuel Wells at Portland. From 
1856 to 1858 he practiced law in Dubuque. Iowa. Returning to 
the East he became cashier of Ticonic Bank, continued in the 
same office with the Ticonic National Bank and gave to the in- 
stitution thirty-eight years of able and successful service. Dur- 
ing a part of the war period Mr. Plaisted was Assistant Collector 
of Internal Revenue ; he has been a member of the prudential and 
other important committees of the College. September 23, 1856, 
Mr. Plaisted was united in marriage with Aliss Emily Carleton 
Heath, daughter of Hon. Solyman Heath. Their children are, 
Appleton Heath, who succeeded his father as cashier of Ticonic 
Bank ; Philip H., who has kept up the honorable record of the 
Plaisted drug store until 1902, when he sold out the business; 
Helen Florence, a successful teacher in Coburn and Waterville 
High school ; Sheridan, who was graduated at Colby in 1886 
and Emily Redington. Mr. Plaisted's long residence in Water- 
ville and his connection with many of the old families has enabled 
him to render very valuable aid to the editors of this volume. 
The chapter on "Early Settlers and Their Work" is from his pen. 

Frederick Pooler was born at St. George, Canada, November 
26, 1842. In 1848 the family removed to Waterville and Fred- 
erick attended the schools here. Afterward he worked at car- 
penter work for a time, but in 1869 engaged in the grocery busi- 
ness which he has followed to the present time (1902). As 



HISTORY OF \VATER\ILI.h'. 535 

prosperity came Mr. Pooler increased his lioldings of real estate 
until they have become large and valuable. He was married, 
December 9, i860, to Sarah, daughter of Gasper Pooler. Fif- 
teen children have been born to them, of whom six are now living. 
The only son, James E., is a graduate of the Waterville High 
school and is a member of the class of 1904 of the Bowdoin Medi- 
cal School. ]\Ir. Pooler was a selectman of. the town in 1883 
and 1887; was one of the first board of aldermen of the city in 
1888 and served as overseer of the poor from 1889 to 1892, and 
was a member of the board of education for 1899. He is a mem- 
ber of the society of St. Jean de Baptiste, and a communicant 
of the Catholic church. Mr. Pooler has accumulated a large 
fortune. He was elected Representative to the Maine Legisla- 
ture, September 8, 1902. 

Robert Lincoln Proctor was born in Waterville, October 28, 
1848, and was the son of J. G. Proctor. He attended the town 
schools. He married Anna Wendum, November 20, 1870. For 
thirty years he has been a general contractor and manufacturer, 
and is the senior partner and treasurer of the Proctor and Bowie 
Company. He has been in the city government as alderman 
and member of the city council, and was captain of militia. He 
is a member of the Knights of Pythias. He has one daughter, 
Lotta. His residence is at 26 Pleasant street, corner of Dalton. 

Horace Purinton, senior member of the firm of Horace Purin- 
ton and Company, was born in Bowdoin, Me., November 17, 
1850, son of Amos and Martha (Patterson) Purinton. He was 
educated in the common schools and at Litchfield Academy. 
After learning the trade of a brickmason he came to Waterville 
and, April i, 1877, with J. P. Norton, established the firm of 
Norton and Purinton, contractors and builders. The firm 
engaged in the manufacturing of brick and did a large business. 
In 1887 Mr. Norton retired and Mr. Amos E. Purinton entered 
the firm. The business has been greatly increased, brick yards 
liave been added at Augusta and Mechanic Falls, and many of 
the finest buildings in the State are the work of this firm, notable 
among which are the Alumni Chemical Hall at Colby and the 
new Waterville City Hall and the residence of Gov. John F. Hill 
of Augusta. Mr. Purinton married, January 14, 1874, Miss 
Clara M. Preble, daughter of Rev. Nehemiah Preble. Their 



536 IirSTORY OF waterville. 

children are Alice M., who graduated at Colby in the class of 
1899. and Martha B. Mr. Purinton has served two terms as 
member of the board of education, belongs to the I. O. O. F. and 
for many years has been prominent in the work of the First 
Baptist church, of which he is a deacon and superintendent of 
the Sunday-school. He is treasurer of the Christian Civic 
League of IMaine and has done much for the enforcement of the 
prohibitory law. He is vice-president of the Waterville Safe 
Deposit and Trust Company and is a trustee and the treasurer 
of Coburn Classical Institute. 

^ Charles Harris Rediiigtou, born in Waterville, January 24, 
1830, was the son of Samuel and Nancy Parker Redington, was 
educated in Waterville Academy and in Waterville Liberal Insti- 
tute; married Sophronia Day, December 14, 1854. In his 
earlier business career he was in the grocery business in Ticonic 
Row on lower Main street. In 1869 he bought out the William 
Caffrey furniture and undertaking business, which he continued 
under the name of C. H. Redington and Company, until 1872, 
when he associated with himself Martin Blaisdell, under the title, 
Redington and Blaisdell. After a year or two Mr. Blaisdell 
returned to his farm anil Mr. Redington continued the business 
in his own name. In 1880 the house furnishing business was 
sold to Frank Redington and T. W. Kimball, the firm name being 
Redington and Kimball ; but after one year C. H. Redington 
repurchased Mr. Kimball's share and the firm became Redington 
and Company, as now. From 1873 Mr. Redington served sev- 
eral years as collector and treasurer, and he was chairman of the 
board of selectmen the last year before Waterville became a city, 
his election to that position turning upon a single vote. He was 
afterwards a member of the board of aldermen, and in 1896 was 
mayor. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. : his children are 
Harry Day, Frank, Annie Myra, Helen. Charles A., Mary Emily. 

• Frank Redington, son of Charles H. and Sophronia (Day) 
Redington, was born in Waterville, December 19, 1858. He, was 
educated in the public schools of Waterville and at Waterville 
Academy, now Coburn Institute. He began his business career 
as a clerk in his father's furniture store in 1875. In 1880, in 
partnership witli Thomas \\'. Kimball, he bought out the busi- 



HISTORY OF WATERX'ILr.r:. 537 

ness, but after one year Mr. Kimball, on account of failing health, 
sold his interest to Charles H. Redington, the firm becoming 
Redington and Company. The business has constantly increased 
until it has become one of the largest in its line in the State. In 
1893 Mr. Redington built the fine block on Silver street, from 
which his business has overflowed into an adjoining block. Mr. 
Redington has been active in all general business interests of the 
City. From 1895 ^'^ i^joi he was president of the Waterville 
Board of Trade, and actively forwarded some of the important 
business matters which were before the public during those years, 
notably the securing of a new city hall and the building of the 
Wiscasset, Waterville and Farmington Railroad. He was presi- 
dent of that railroad for two years and has been president of the 
Whittemore Furniture Company since its organization. For 
two years he was a director of the Waterville Trust Company, 
and is a trustee of the Public Library. He was a charter member 
of Havelock Lodge, Knights of Pythias, of which he has served 
two terms as chancellor commander, is a member of Waterville 
Lodge, F. and A. M., of the L O. O. F., and of the A. O. U. W. 
For several years he served on the prudential committee of the 
Unitarian church, and since 1885 has been on the committee in 
charge of Pine Grove Cemetery. October 14, 1890, he was 
united in marriage to Miss Carrie M. Foster, daughter of Hon. 
M. C. Foster of this city. Their residence is at No. 8 Park Place. 
Nathaniel Russell a useful citizen, and for many years a prom- 
inent member and a deacon of the Baptist church, came from 
Skowhegan about 1817. His wife was Rebecca Sawyer. His 
first employment was the management of the grist mill at the 
Falls, living in a little house nearly opposite. In the early days 
of Waterville College the students were boarded in common by 
the college, the first dining room being in the basement of North 
College. Deacon Russell was appointed steward. In 1830 he 
built the house on the corner of College and Union streets, which 
in 1884 gave place to the residence of C. A. Hendrickson. 
The raising of the house was long remembered in the village, as 
by the falling of a timber three young men, William Moor, 
Samuel A))pleton and Otis Dunbar, were seriously injured. He 
owned a large tract of land west of the present Pleasant St. where 
he had an extensive hop field, a branch of farming which, like 



5,iO HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

the raising of flax, has become obsolete in this vicinity. The 
building of the A. & K. R. R. was disastrous to him financially. 
He invested largely in proportion to his means, and did not live 
long enough to see it valuable. His children were two daugh- 
ters, Serena and Diantha. The former married Eliphalet Gow ; 
the latter, Rev. Mr. Merriam. Deacon Russell died 1850. 

George E. Shores. The honor of being at the time of the 
centennial the oldest citizen who was a native of Waterville, 
belongs unquestionably to Mr. Shores. He was born in this 
town, on the farm now occupied by his son, March 27, 1812. 
He studied in the public schools of the town, and from boyhood 
has been engaged in the occupation of farming. This he has car- 
ried on on a large scale, combining with it trading in cattle and 
the milk business. Twice he has served the town as selectman, 
and has been a member of the city government. He has been 
twice married and has had eight children, of whom only one, 
Amasa E. Shores, who also is engaged in the farm and milk busi- 
ness, is now living. The most of the land between College and 
Main streets, from the railroad station to the top of Main street 
hill, once belonged to Mr. Shores. 
\^ Franklin Smith, widely known as Gen. Franklin Smith, was 
bom March 4,1802, in ^^'inslow, Lincoln County, Massachu- 
setts, and the house in which he was born is still standing in this 
city, on Front street, near Common street. He was the son of 
Abijah Smith, who was the first town clerk of Waterville. He 
was educated in the common schools, and was married Dec. 18, 
1828, to Emily Osmond Steward. He was in the lumber busi- 
ness for sixty years. He served as State senator and as a mem- 
ber of the governor's council. His children were Clymena S., 
Helen A., Charles E., George F., Emily S.,Jane M., Franklin A. 
He resided in North Anson and in Waterville. He died Sept. 
I, 1888. 

Luther H. Soper, son of Luther H. and Almira H. Soper, was 
born in Old Town, Me,, May 25, 1852. He was educated in the 
public schools and at a commercial college. In 1877 ^''^ engaged 
in the dry goods business in Waterville, which has steadily in- 
creased to its present large proportions. In 1890, he erected the 
fine block, known as the Soper Block, for his business. For 




,.,- a 



?. 



:5 X 



HISTORY OF WATERVILI.E. 539 

several years Mr. Soper had as partner ]\Ir. Charles J. Clukey, 
who retired from the firm in 1901 to establish the Clukey-Libby 
Company. Mr. Soper has a large branch house at Madison, and 
has been extensively engaged in lumbering operations. He has 
been for several years a director and vice-president of the Mer- 
chants' Bank. He is a member of the Congregational church 
and of the I. O. O. F. September 26, 1887, Mr. Soper was mar- 
ried to Miss Carrie E. Wiggin. They have four daughters, 
Lucile, Helen, Alice and Jeanette. 

U^ George Fred Terry was born in Waterville May 14, 1862, the 
son of George W. and Bertha (Wentworth) Terry. He was 
educated in the Waterville public schools. He began his busi- 
ness life by working for the Maine Central Railroad Company, 
in which he continued for ten years. In January, 1892, he began 
a publishing business, which in November, 1892, became the 
Sawyer Publishing Co. Mr. Terry has been the treasurer and 
manager of this company up to the present time. The business 
has greatly increased, until it has a pay roll of $60,000 annually. 
In real estate Mr. Terry has had large interests. In 1901 he 
bought and opened for settlement a large tract of land in the 
north part of the city between College Ave. and the M. C. R. R. 
He is a member of the Masonic Order, the Lodge, Chapter and 
Commandery. November 30, 1892, Mr. Terry married Miss 
Clara F. Lane, daughter of Frank B. and Clara (Bacon) Lane. 
They have three children, Martha Best, Bertha Lane, and George 
Fred, Jr. 

u- Frank Lorenzo Thayer was born in Waterville Feb. 15, 1855, 
the son of Lorenzo Eugene and Sarah A. (Chase) Thayer. He 
was educated in Waterville Academy, and married Nora N. 
Pulsifer, Jan. i, 1878. He was in the clothing business with his 
father from 1874 to 1885 ! '" insurance and real estate from 1892 
until his death. In 1890 he built the block which bears his 
name, at the corner of Main and Silver streets. He was city 
treasurer for several years from 1889, representative to the Leg- 
islature in 1890, post-master under President Cleveland, 1885- 
1889 and 1893-1897. He was repeatedly the Democratic candi- 
date for mayor, failing of election by narrow margins. He was 
a member of the Unitarian church. His children are Nathan 
P., L. Eugene and Frank L. He died April 6, 1900. 



540 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

1/ Hot. John Ware, long prominent in the business history of 
Central Maine, was born in Carmcl, Maine, in December, 1801, 
the son of Abel and Sybil Ware. He received his education in 
the common schools, and early in life engaged in business as a 
merchant and trader. The country store in those days was an 
important institution, and Mr. Ware made his place of business 
the largest and best equipped of any in the County. 

After accumulating a large property he removed to Waterville 
and gave his attention to railroads and finance. He was presi- 
dent of the Androscoggin and Kennebec R. R., and president of 
the Peoples Bank and the founder and president of the 
Jklerchants' Bank. Mr. Ware was united in marriage in 
January, 1841, to Miss Sarah M. Scott, daughter of Dr. Scott 
of Yarmouth. Their children are John, George H., Henry S., 
Frank, Sarah M., Ella M., and Edward. Mr. Ware was an 
attendant at the Unitarian church. He died in Waterville, Octo- 
ber 8, 1877. Madam Ware survived him for many years, 
respected and beloved for her kindly spirit and large generosity. 
The Ware Parlors are her monument, though she designed them 
not for a monument but for the good which they would do. Her 
activity in the Woman's Association and her constant charity 
were the expression of a beautiful character, 
v/ John Ware, eldest son of John Ware, Sr., was born in Athens, 
Me. He was educated in the public schools, at the Little Blue 
school in Farmington, Me., and at the Friends School at Provi- 
dence, R. I. In Novem.ber, 1875 he was married to Miss Sara 
E. Hall. After her death he married Miss Grace E. Emery of 
Waterville, April 20, 1895. Mr. Ware has been engaged for 
many years in the banking, investment and real estate business, 
as well as in the care of his own large estate. He is the president 
of the Merchants National Bank, a director of the Maine Central 
Railroad and of other corporations in which he has large interests. 
Mr. Ware is a member of Waterville Lodge, F. and A. \l., and is 
connected with the Unitarian church. He has two sons, John 
Jr., and Roland. 

</ John Webber. Born in Danville, Vt., in 1810, he came to 

Waterville from St. Johnsbury, Vt. in 1841 in the employ of the 
Fairbanks Company. In 1843 Mr. Webber and Mr. F. P. Havi- 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 541 

land bought the foundry business under the name of Webber & 
Haviland. This partnership lasted thirty-nine years, till the 
death of Mr. Webber in 1882. In addition to the foundry busi- 
ness Mr. Webber was a director of the Portland and Kennebec 
Railroad, and for many years president of the Peoples Bank. He 
was highly respected and held prominent place in all the pro- 
gressive business interests of the town. He was a member of 
Waterville Lodge, F. and A. M. His two sons are in business 
in Waterville. Mr. F. B. Webber in the foundry and machine 
business, of the firm of Webber & Philbrick, and INlr. J. N. Web- 
ber in the hardware trade of the firm of Hanson and Webber, 
which carries on a very extensive business. Mr. John N. Web- 
ber now resides at the old homestead. He is vice-president of 
the People's Bank. 

j^, Frank B. IVcbbcr, son of John Webber, was born in Water- 
ville, April 22, 1848. He was educated in the schools of the 
city and early in life began his business career in connection with 
the foundry and machine shops which were the predecessors of 
the Waterville Iron Works. Since July i, 1875 he has been a 
member of the firms of Webber & Haviland ; Webber, Haviland 
and Philbrick, and Webber and Philbrick, that have owned, 
extended, rebuilt and yet further increased the important busi- 
ness of the Waterville Iron Works. September 13, 1870 he mar- 
ried Miss Emma F., daughter of Chaplain Moses J. Kelley of 
the U. S. A. Their children are Grace E., Nelly B. (Eastman), 
Harry F., A. Gertrude, Marian and Alarguerite. Mr. \A'ebber 
has devoted himself to his business and has held no public office. 
He is a member of Waterville Lodge, F. and A. M. 
^ Daniel Ripley Wing, bom at Augusta, December 13, 1816, was 
the son of Allen Wing of Duxbury, Mass., and Ardra Robinson 
of Nova Scotia ; and was educated in the public schools and the 
printer'.s office. He was married, January 12, 1S45, ^'^ Ann 
Elizabeth Burleigh, in Fairfield, Me., by Rev. J. T. Champlin. 
He learned the printer's trade with John Burleigh, and in com- 
pany with Ephriam Maxham published "The Eastern Mail," and 
"The Waterville Mail," which was its later name, until his death, 
which occurred, December 2, 1885. Much of the editorial work 
was done by Mr. Maxham, but i\Ir. Wing's business manage- 



542 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

ment secured the financial success of the paper. He became a 
member of the First Baptist church of Waterville in 1868. His 
residence on College avenue is now the chapter house of a col- 
lege fraternity. He had nine children, Charles Burleigh, Fred- 
erick Burt, Ann Maria, Mary Caroline, John Burleigh, Frank, 
Daniel Frank, Albert Burleigh and Alice Burleigh. 



CHAPTER XXVll. 



COPIES OF DOCUMENTS, AND OTHER HISTORICAL 

DATA. 
Province of Tiia Massachusetts Bay in New England. 

The Sub mission and Agrca-iiciit of the Eastern Indians at Fort 
William Heniy in Pemaqnid, the irth day of August, in the fifth 
year of the reign of our Sovereign Lord and Lady, William and 
Mary, by the grace of God, of England, Scotland, Prance and 
Ireland, King and Queen, Defenders of the Faith, etc., i6pj. 

'Whereas a bloody war has for some years now past been made 
'and carried on by the Indians within the eastern parts of the 
'said province, against their Majesties' subjects the English, 
'through the instigation and influence of the French ; and being 
'sensible of the miseries which we and our people are reduced 
'unto, by adhering to their ill council : We whose names are 
'hereunto subscribed, being Sagamores and chief captains of all 
'the Indians belonging to the several rivers of Penobscote and 
'Kennebeck, Amarascogin and Saco, parts of the said province 
'of the Massachusets Bay within their said Majesties soveraignty, 
'having made application unto his Excellency Sir William Phips, 
'Captain General and Governor in Chief in and over the said 
'province, that the war may be put to an end, do lay down our 
'arms, and cast our selves upon their said Majesties grace and 
'favor. And each of us respectively for our selves, 
'and in the name and with the free consent of all the 
'Indians within the said province of and from Merrimack 
'river, unto the most easterly bounds of the said province ; 
'hereby acknowledging our hearty subjection and obedience 
'unto the crown of England ; and do solemnly cove- 
'nant, promise and agree, to and with the said Sir William Phips, 
'and his successors, in the place of Captain General and Governor 



544 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

'in Chief of the aforesaid province or territory, on their said 
'Majesties behalf in manner following, viz. 

'That at all time and times forever, from and after the date of 
'these presents, we will cease and forbear all acts of hostility 
"toward the Subjects of the crown of England, and not offer the 
"least hurt or violence to them, or any of them, in their persons 
'or estate. But will henceforward hold and maintain a firm and 
'constant amity and friendship with all the English. 

"Item. We abandon and forsake the French interest, and will 
'not in any wise adhere to join with, aid or assist them in their 
'wars or designs again.st the English, nor countenance, succour 
'or conceal any of the enemy Indians of Canada, or other places, 
'that shall happen to come to any of our plantations within the 
'English territory, but secure them, if in our power, and deliver 
'them up unto the English. 

'That all English captives in the hands or power of any of the 
'Indians within the limits aforesaid, shall with all possible speed 
'be set at liberty, and returned home without any ransom or pay- 
'ment to be made or given for them, or any of them. 

'That their Majesties subjects the English, shall and may 
'peaceably and quietly enter upon, improve, and for ever enjoy 
'all and singular their rights of lands, and former settlements 
'and possessions within the eastern parts of the said province of 
'the Massachusetts Bay, without any pretensions or claims by us, 
'or any other Indians, and be in no wise molested, interrupted, 
'or disturbed therein. 

'That all trade and commerce, which hereafter may be allowed 
'between the English and Indians, shall be under such manage- 
'ment and regulation, as may be stated by an act of the General 
'Assembly, or as Governor of the said province for the time 
'being, with the advice and consent of the council, shall see cause 
'to direct and limit. 

'If any controversie or difference at any time hereafter happen 
'to arise between any of the English and Indians, for any real 
'or supposed wrong or injury done on one side or the other, no 
'private revenge shall be taken by the Indians for the same, but 
'proper application be made to their Majesties government upon 
'the place, for remedy thereof, in a due course of justice; we 



IITSTORY OF WATEKX'ILLE. 



545 



hereby submitting onr selves to be ruled and governed by their 
Majesties laws, and desire to have the benefit of the same. 

'For the more full manifestation of our sincerity and integrity 
in all that which we have herein before covenanted and promised, 
we do deliver unto Sir William Phips, their Majesties Governour 
as aforesaid, Ahassombarnett, Mother to Edgeremett, Wenouga- 
hewitt, cousin to Madockawando, and Edgeremett, and Bagata- 
wawongon ; also Sheepscoat John, to abide and remain in the 
custody of the English, where the Governour shall direct, as hos- 
tages or pledges for our fidelity, and true performance of all and 
every the foregoing articles, reserving liberty to exchange them 
in some reasonable time for a like number, to the acceptance of 
the Governour and Council of the said province, so they be per- 
sons of as good account and esteem amongst the Indians as those 
'which are to be exchanged. In testimony whereof, we have 
hereunto set our several marks and seals, the day and year first 
above-written. 

'The above-written instrument was deliberately read over, and 
the several articles and clauses thereof interpreted unto the 
Indians, who said they all understood and consented thereunto, 
and was then signed, sealed, and delivered in the presence of us, 

Edgeremett 

Atadockawando 

Wassambomet of Naridgwock 

Wenobson of Teconnet in behalf of Moxus. 

Ketterrainogis of Norridgwock 

Akanquit of Penobscot 

Bomaseen 

Mitamemet 

Webenes 

Awansomeck 

Robin Dony 

Madaumbis 

Paquaharet, alais Nathaniel 

John Wing 

Nicholas Manning 

Benjamin Jackson. 
John Homybrook ~\ 

John Bagatawawongo, alias Sheepscoat John > Interpreters. 
Phill Onn.sakis, Squaw. J 

35 



546 history of waterville. 

Letter of William Lithgow to Governor Shirley. 
Richmond Fort, Jan. ye 9, 1755. 

May it pleas your Excellency : The souldery of Fort Hallifax 
is in a most deplorable condition for want of shoes, bedding, and 
bodyly cloathing, etc., as I have signyfyed in my letter ye 20th 
Deer and it is with ye greatest concerne that I am obliged further 
to acquainte your Excellency that we have scarce thirty men 
in this fort that are capabell of cutting or hailing wood for the 
suply of this fort, and it is with grate difficulty they can suply 
themselves with wood from day to day, the snow is so deep, it 
is three foot at this place, and haveing no snow-shoes, and our 
being in a manner naked, it is out of our power were we in 
healthe, to keep scoutes abroad, or even to sende a guarde with 
those men who halls wood, neither can they carry their armes 
with them, being harde put to it to wallow through the snow 
with their sled loades of wood, and it is harde service for those 
men to suply themselves and ye invallids with firring which takes 
up the intier barricks. 

We have now but four weeks' allowance of bread in this fort, 
one barrel of rum, and one do. of molasses, and God knows how 
or where we shall be able to gitt any suplyes from Fort Western, 
on account of ye snow is so deep. I left Fort Hallifax on ye 
4th inst., to see if ye river was passable on ye ice, with one 
soldier for company, and also to try if I could collect some leather 
or shoes for a present relief till more shall be sent which I have 
got, and I have imployed two shoamakers to work it up. We 
came all the way on ye ice, which we found to be very weak- 
bet ween Fort Halifax and Fort Western, on account of as I sup- 
pose of ye grate body of snow which lyes on it, which hinders 
its freezing, ye ice there is sunk with snow and water, about two 
foot and a halfe deep. Ye under ice was so weake that we broke 
through sundrye times, and it was with great difficulty and 
hazard of our lives that we got to Fort Western, where we was 
detained by a storm two days. Ye 8th inst., we arrived at Rich- 
mond fort, where I thought it my duty to write yr Excellency 
this letter. I think it was a very bad affair that ye barricks had 
not been left in better order, and that there had not been more 
suplyes laid up in this fort, whilst the river was open. 1 f it was 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 547 

bad carrying up ve stores there, I aver its ten times worse now, 
and I fear will continue so this winter, for I doubt ye river above 
Fort Western will be hard to freeze, on account of ye strong 
currents that runs there, and as to ye cut rodes being any service, 
it would take fifty men and ten yoke of oxen two days to brake, 
and after it was broaken, it would choake up with ye first wind 
that blew. Some of ye gullyes now are drifted ten or fifteen 
foot deep with snow, that I think it will never be of much ser- 
vice to us for transporting our provisions, till such times as ye 
country is settled, and more teems frequents that rode than what 
may be allowed for Fort Hallifax ; but these dull complaintes 
avail us but little, to extracate us out of our present difficulties, 
it remains now to think of the best way by which that garrison 
can be relieved and I would with submission ofifer your Excel- 
lency my humble oppinion upon the matter, which is, that your 
Excellency give the independent companies or other forces that 
may be raised as succers for the defence of the river, orders to 
provide or impress oxen or other cattel with provinder, and slades 
or carrs, and those cattel to be imployed in hailing stores and 
other suplyes that will soon be landed for this river (for the 
suplye of Fort Hallifax) up to Fort Western, for farther, I 
believe cattel will be of no service, on account of ye river being 
dangerous for cattel to travel on, as I have already observed, 
and that a proper number of good men with snowshoes may be 
imployed in carrying up provisions from Fort Western to Fort 
Hallifax, and after ye road is beten well and ye invallids that 
may be able to travel after being shod, for them to march down 
ye river and tarry with ye provisions which will save a grate deal 
of fatigue of carrying of ye provisions to them, and that there be 
good men placed at Fort Hallifax in their rooms. I should have 
now dismissed some worthless fellows, who dos littel other duty 
than eates their allowance, could they have travelled home, for 
they will never do any service here, or any where else. This 
garrison I think has its full share of such creatures, that resem- 
bels men in nothing but ye human shape, but such will do for 
forts where they have nothing to doe but eate and sleepe. 

We want very much a sortment of herbs for ye sicke, our 
doctor has left us, and we have no one here that knows ye use 
of our medisons. A great many of our men has been sick, and 



548 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

continues so, but none of them have yet recovered to their former 
healthes, nor will do so, I believe, this winter. The men in gen- 
eral seems very low in spirits, which I impute to their wading 
so much in ye water in ye summer and fall, which I believe has 
very much hurt ye circulation of their blood and filled it full of 
gross humors and what has added to their misfortunes, is their 
being much straightened for want of room, and bad lodgings. 
In ye spring of ye year must be sent to Fort Western, ten lodes 
of English hay for the suplye for ye oxen that must 
hall ye timbers for ye building at Fort Hallifax, other- 
wise we cannot go on with ye buildings there. I have 
imployed three carpenters this winter to prepair timber for the 
above building. I have agreed with two of them at thirty pounds 
per month, old tenor, till ye last of March, and after that, thirty 
shillings per day till ye last of ]\lay. I would again recomend 
to your Excellency eight flat bottomed boates, carrying two tons 
each, which I mentioned in my last letter, and that they be sent 
to Fort Western as early as possible next spring, to carry us our 
suplyes to Fort Hallifax, which I am fully satisfied must be the 
way we must be suplyed at the fort. I add no farther than that 
we will doe the best we can to subsist till we have more help. 
With submission I beg leave to subscribe myself. 

Your Excellency's most Dutiful Obedient Serv't, 

WlLLI.\M LiTlIGOW. 

"The Record of the Notes and Transactions of the Proprietors 

of a Tract of Land round Fort Hallifax on Kennebeck River 

granted by the Plymouth Company to Gamaliel Bradford, Esq., 

and five others by Deed hearing Date March the J2th, ij66. 

The five others mentioned above are as follows : 

James Otis, Esq. 

John Winslow, Esq. 

William Taylor, Esq. 

Daniel Howard, Esq. 

James Warren, Esq." 

These proprietors, by petition dated at Plymouth the 4th day 
of July, 1766, to the Honorable Thomas Clapp, Esq., one of His 
Majesty's Justices of the peace through the Province of Massa- 



HISTORY OI' WATERVILLE. 549 

chusetts Bay in New England, secured the issue of a warrant for 
a legal meeting of the owners of the tract of 18,600 acres. The 
meeting was held at the house of Mr. Thomas Southworth How- 
land in Plymouth, Octoher 7, 1766. 

Gamaliel Bradford was chosen moderator and James Warren 
clerk and treasurer. 

At that meeting it was voted, "that for the Encouragement of 
settlers, fifty acres be granted to each Home Lott on the Rivers 
Kennebcck or Sebasticook and one hundred acre Lotts to be laid 
out back of the Home Lotts to be drawn for equally by the set- 
tlers and the proprietors, making in the whole one hundred and 
fifty acres to each settler who shall take up a Lott and build a 
House of 20ft. square and 7ft. stud and clear, fit for mowing or 
tillage, five acres in one year from taking up the same." 

Next day they granted to Timothy Hale (Heald) of Ipswich in 
New Hampshire, four lots on the northwesterly side of the Sebas- 
ticook river, also two lots on the souh side of the river, reserving 
all mill privileges. This as under the conditions of settlement 
named above. April 16, 1767, the proprietors granted to "Eben- 
ezer Hale (Heald) of New Ipswich in the Province of New 
Hampshire," three hundred acres of land. To the usual condi- 
tions were added "and that he does erect and set up on the Brook 
that empties itself into the Sebasticook River within said bounds 
from a pond called Petises Pond a good and sufficient saw mill 
and have her ready to do duty on or before the 25th of Decem- 
ber next and also within the term of three years does build on' 
said Brook within the Bounds aforesaid a good Grist Mill and 
to have her ready by that time." The grantee was to make a 
fishway for each dam constructed, the fish "at all times to be 
equally Free to the Proprietors and the inhabitants of said tract 
the grant notwithstanding." Reserve was also made of the right 
to lay out roads "for the convenience of the Proprietors and the 
Inhabitants." June 11, 1767, Mr. Timothy Hale (Heald) 
was employed to lay out forty-four lots of fifty acres 
each, for which services he is to have one shilling for 
each mile he shall run in doing it and that he be desired to employ 
chain men as cheep as possible." At the same meeting it was 
voted that a road of four rods wide be reserved through the 
whole of the townships for the use of the proprietors of the Ply- 



550 HISTORY OF WATERVILI-E. 

mouth Company and others to be laid out when it is most com- 
modious. GamaHel firadford was sent as the agent of the pro- 
prietors, Julv 7, 1768, it was voted that Ezekiel Paty have liberty 
to take up two Lotts of fifty acres each. On the same date it 
was voted "that Timothy Heald and Ezekiel Paty be and hereby 
are Impowerd in our behalf jointly and severally to transact any 
matters relative to the settlers taking up their Lotts and per- 
forming their Duty, and Likewise to prevent trespasses for the 
future." In 1772 Gamaliel Bradford, under direction of the pro- 
prietors, visited Winslow and laid out six lots of five hundred 
acres each. These were afterward assigned by lot to the several 
proprietors. As to trespasses he could get no definite informa- 
tion except that some persons pretended to authority to cut masts 
for the King. 

The proprietors did not take any very deep interest in the 
management of their property as is shown by the fact that at least 
three out of every four of the meetings called by the company 
simply met and adjourned without action. 

At a meeting held October 10, 1787, of which Col. Josiah Hay- 
den was moderator, it was voted "to proceed to the drawing of 
those of the ninety-six fifty-acre lots which are not taken by set- 
tlers." Fifty-four lots were thus drawn. In 1803 the majority 
of the proprietors being residents of Winslow, the meetings of the 
company were transferred to that place and Josiah Hayden was 
chosen clerk and treasurer. The business of the company was 
wellnigh complete. Winslow had been settled, the land divided 
and a new town, Waterville, had been incorporated on a part of 
its territory. The final entry in the old record book is August 2, 
1806. The characteristic entry is "Voted to adjourn to Saturday 
the 20th day of September next. .Zopha Hayden, Clerk." The 
meeting has not yet assembled. The old record book is in pos- 
session of Mr. Joshua Cushman of Winslow. 

The first English child born in Winslow was Betsey, daughter 
of Thomas Parker, born March 16, 1759. 

An old diary, without name but probably written by a brother 
of Abijah Smith has several interesting items. 

"Oct. 2, 1795 worked for one Dimond setting up a brick-kiln 
to pay him for help setting up our brick-kiln." 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 551 

The monotony of the winter of 1796 was relieved by an occas- 
sional ball at Fairfield and by the regular singing school which 
was "kept at Col. Hayden's."' 

The IMilitia Roll, elsewhere printed, shows that Capt. Stack- 
pole had resigned. The diary states that ]\ larch 30, 1796 the 
Light Infantry met at the home of Major Sherwin, chose Wil- 
liam Heywood, captain, Wm. Getchell, lieut., Edward Piper 
ensign. "Capt. H. ordered his men to be equipped and drapped 
in uniform by the 4th of July next." 

"Apr. 16, 1797, I was to meeting at the meeting house on the 
East side of the river. This is the first time that they have met 
in it."' 

Gr.\nt 390, To James Pitts, Xo. 104. 
To all to zi'Iiom these Presents shall come, Greeting. 

Whereas his late Majesty King James the First, for the 
Advancement of a -Colony and Plantation in New-England, in 
America, by his Highness's Letters Patents under the Great Seal 
of England, bearing date at \Vestminster, the Third Day of 
November, in the Eighteenth Year of his Highness's Reign of 
England, etc., did grant unto the Right Honorable Lodowick, late 
Lord Duke of Lenox, George late Lord Marquis of Buckingham, 
James IMarquis of Hamilton, Thomas Earl of Arundle, Robert 
Earl of Warwick, Sir Ferdinando Georges, Knt. and divers 
others whose Names are expressed in the said Letters Patents, 
and their Successors, that they should be one Body Politick and 
Corporate, perpetually consisting of forty Persons, that they 
should have perpetual Succession, and our Common Seal to serve 
for the Said Body, and that they and their Successors should be 
incorporated, called and known by the Name of the Council 
established at Plymouth, in the County of Devon, for the plant- 
ing, ruling, ordering and governing of New England, in 
America. And further also did grant unto the said President 
and Council, and their Successors forever, under the Reserva- 
tions in the said Letters Patents expressed ; All that part and 
Portion of the said country called New England, in America, 
situate, lying and being in Breadth from forty Degrees of 
Northerly Latitude from the Equinoctial Line, to forty-eight 



552 HISTORY OK WATERNILLE. 

Degrees of the said Northerly Latitude inclusively and in Length 
of and in all the Breadth aforesaid, throughout the Main Lands 
from Sea to Sea, together also, with all the firm Lands, Soils, 
Grounds, Creeks, Inlets, Havens, Ports, Seas, Rivers, Islands, 
Waters, Fishings, Mines, Minerals, precious stones. Quarries, and 
all and singular the Commodities and Jurisdictions, both within 
the said Tract of Lands lying upon the Main, as also within the 
said Islands and Seas adjoining: To have, hold, possess and 
enjoy the same unto the said Council and their Successors and 
Assigns forever, to be holden of his Majesty, his Heirs and Suc- 
cessors, as of his Manor of East Greenwich, in the County of 
Kent, in free and common Succage, yielding and paying there- 
for to the said late King's Majesty, his Heirs and Successors, 
the fifth Part of the Ore of Gold and Silver, as in and by the said 
Letters Patents, amongst other Privileges and Matters therein 
contained, more fully and at large it doth and may appear. 

And whereas the said Coimcil established at Plymouth in the 
County of Devon, by their Charter and Deed of Affeofment 
bearing Date the Sixteenth Day of January, A. D. One Thousand 
Six Hundred and Twenty-nine, by Virtue and Authority of his 
said late Majesty's Letters Patents, and for and in Consideration, 
that William Bradford, and his Associates had for these Nine 
Years lived in New England aforesaid, and there inhabited and 
planted a Town called by the Name of New Plymouth, at their 
own proper Cost and Charges ; and feeling that by the Special 
Providence of God, and their extraordinary Care and Industry, 
they had increased their Plantation to near three Hundred Peo- 
ple, and were able to relieve any new Planters or other His 
Majesty's Subjects upon that Coast ; granted and assigned unto 
the Said William Bradford, his Heirs, Associates and Assigns, 
all that Part of New England in America aforesaid, and Tract 
and Tracts of Land that lie in within or between a certain Rivulet 
or Rundlet there, commonly called Coahasset, alias Conahassett, 
toward the North, and the River commonly called Narragansett 
River, toward the South, and the great Western Ocean toward 

the East and the Main Land toward the 

West, from the Mouth of the said River, called Narragansett 
River, to the utmost Limits and Bounds of a Country or Place in 



HISTORY OF WATERVILt.Ii. 553 

New-England commonly called Pocanacutt, alias Savvamset, 
Westward, and another like strait Line extending itself directly 
from the Mouth of the said River called Coahasset alias Cona- 
hassett, to the West, so far up into the Main Land Westward, as 
the utmost Limits of the said Place or Country commonly called 
Pocanacutt alias Sawamset, do extend, together with one-half of 
the said River called Narragansett, and the said Rivulet or 
Rundlet called Coahasset, alias Conahassett, and all Lands, 
Rivers, Waters, Havens, Creeks, Ports, Fishings, Fowlings, 
whatsoever situate, lying and being, or arising within or between 
the said Limits and Bounds, or any of them. 

And For As Much as they had no convenient place either of 
Trading or Fishing within their own Precincts, whereby after 
so longTravel and great Pains so hopeful a Plantation might sub- 
sist, as also that they might be encouraged the better to proceed in 
so pious a Work, which might especially tend to the Propagation 
of Religion, and the great Increase of Trade to his Majesty's 
Realms, and Advancement of the public Plantation : 

The said Council further granted and assigned unto the said 
William Bradford, his Heirs, Associates and Assigns, all that 
Tract of Land, or Part of New-England in America aforesaid, 
which lieth within or between, and extendeth itself from the 
utmost Limit of Cobbiseconte, alias Comaseconte, which adjoin- 
eth to the River Kennebeck, alias Kenebekike, toward the 
Western Ocean, and a Place called the Falls, at Neguamkike, in 
America aforesaid, and the space of fifteen English miles on each 
side of the said River commonly called Kennebeck River, and all 
the said River called Kennebeck, that lies within said Limits and 
Bounds eastward, Westward, Northward or Southward last 
abovementioned, and all Lands, Grovmds, Soils, Rivers, Waters, 
Fishings, situate, lying and being, arising, happening or accru- 
ing in or within the said Limits and Bounds, or either of them, 
together with all Rights and Jurisdictions thereof, the admiralty 
Jurisdiction excepted, in as free, large, ample and beneficial 
Manner to all Interests, Constructions, and Purposes whatsoever, 
as the said Council by virtue of his Majesty's Letters Patents 
might or could grant. 

To Have and to Hold the said Tract and Tracts of Lands, and 
all and singular the Premises above-mentioned to be granted, 



554 HISTORY OF WATEUVILLE. 

with their and even' of their Appurtenances to the said William 
Bradford, his Heirs, Associates and Assigns forever, yielding and 
paying unto our said Sovereign Lord the King, his Heirs and 
Successors forever, one fifth Part of the Ore of the Mines of 
Gold and Silver and one other fifth Part thereof to the President 
and Council which shall be had, proftered and obtained within 
the Precincts aforesaid, for all services whatsoever, as in said 
Charter may more fully appear. 

And whereas the said William Bradford and his Associates, 
afterward assigned over and surrendered up to the late Colony of 
New-Plymouth, rtie aforesaid Tract on Kennebeck River, 
together with other Lands, and the same Colony afterward, viz. 
on the Twenty-seventh Day of October, A. D., 1661, being seized 
of the whole Tract aforesaid on Kennebeck River, and also the 
Lands on both sides the said River, upwards to Wisserunsent, 
alias Wesserunskick, by their Deed of Bargain and Sale of that 
date, for and in Consideration of the Sum of Four Hundred 
Pounds sterling, sold all the said Lands on said River to Antipas 
Boyes, Edward Tyng, Thomas Brattle and John \\'inslow, their 
and every of their Heirs and Assigns forever, as by the said 
Deed registered in the Records of said Colony may more fully 
appear. And the Lands last mentioned in said Deed by a Releafe 
and Confirmation were afterward confirmed to the said John 
Winslow and his Partners aforesaid their Heirs and Assigns 
forever, on both Sides of said Kennebeck River as far up as the 
upper or most Northern Part of Wesserunskick aforesaid 
KNOW YE, That we, the Heirs and Assigns of the said 
Autipas Boyes, Edward Tyng, Thomas Brattle, and John Wins- 
low, of and in all said Lands on Kennebeck River aforesaid, and 
legal Proprietors thereof, at our Meeting held at Boston, this 
Twelfth Dav of December A. D. 1770 called and regulated 

according to Law, have voted, granted and assigned to 

(written) 
(to James Pitts of Boston in the county of Suffolk and province 
of Massachusetts Bay, Esqr., his heirs and assigns forever, four 
hundred acres of land, in two divisions, lying on the west side of 
Kennebeck River butted and bounded as follows viz : beginning 
on said Kennebeck River and at the easterly end of the northerly 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 555 

side of a Road lying between lots number one hundred and three 
and one hundred and four : thence running on said north side of 
said Road, west north west three hundred and twenty poles to 
another road, thence running northerly on said road fifty poles, 
thence running east south east about three hundred and twenty 
poles to Kennebeck River ; thence Southerly down said river to 
the first mentioned bounds. And is a tract of land fifty poles 
wide, and about three hundred and twenty poles long and contains 
one hundred acres — Then to begin one mile and eight poles from 
sd Ken'k river on a road, and at the easterly end of the northerly 
line of the three hundred acre lot No. one hundred and one; 
thence to run west north west on sd northerly line about three 
hundred and twenty poles to another road ; thence northerly 
on sd last mentioned road one hundred and fifty poles ; thence 
east South east about three hundred and twenty poles to a road ; 
thence Southerly down said road to the first mentioned bounds. 
And is a tract of land one hundred and fifty poles wide, and about 
three hundred and twenty poles long, and contains about Three 
Hundred Acres — Each of said Divisions being numbered one 
hundred and four — on a plan made by John McKecknie surveyor 
dated October, 1770, as said Property appears. The foregoing 
from the words "voted, granted, and assigned to James Pitts 
fsd," is a true copy of the said Proprietors vote of the date afore- 
said. Examined by Henry Alline Jr., Propt. Clerk. 

And for the better perpetuating the aforesaid Vote and Grant 

of said Lands to (the said James Pitts his ) Heirs and 

Assigns forever, We the said Proprietors at our said Meeting 
have further Voted, that the Clerk of this Propriety for the time 
being be. and he hereby is directed and authorized, at the Request 
and Cost of the above-named Grantee, unto our said Vote and 
Grant of the Lands aforesaid, to affix the common Seal of said 
Propriety, and as Clerk of the aforesaid, to acknowledge before 
any of his Majesty's Justices in said Province the said Vote and 
Grant to be the Vote and Grant of said Proprietors for the Pur- 
pose above mentioned and the Seal hereto affixed, to be the com- 
mon seal of said Propriety. 

(Signed) Henry Alune, Junr. 

Clerk of Said Propriety. 



556 history of watervii.r.k. 

[seal.] Suffolk ss. Boston the twenty-ninth 

Day of July — A. D. 1771. 
This Day personally appeared (signed) Henry Alline, Jr., 
Clerk of the Proprietors of the Kennebeck Purchase from the 
late Colony of New- Plymouth, and acknowledged the above- 
mentioned Vote and Grant to be the Vote and Grant of said Pro- 
prietors to the within named (signed) James Pitts. And the 
seal hereto by him affixed as Clerk as aforesaid, to be the Com- 
mon Seal of said Propriety. 

Before me, 
(Signed) John Hill, 

Justice of the Pcaee. 
(Written) 
(Henry Alline, Junr., Propr. Cler. 
A true copy as appears on Record. 

Attest: Arodi Thayer, P. M.)' 

The Settlement of Mr. Cushman as Town Minister. 

The Committee appointed by the Town of Winslow at their 
last meeting, held on the 5th day of September, 1794, to wait on 
Mr. Joshua Cushman with the votes of the town, relative to his 
settling in this town as their Religious instructor, and to receive 
his answer relative to an invitation given him by said town for 
that purpose, having performed that service, do herewith present 
to the town the following report, containing the conditions of a 
Church Covenant, etc., etc., also a civil contract to be entered 
into by Mr. Cushman and the said Town, with the conditions 
to be performed by each party, — together with such further 
measures as appear to the Committee necessary for carrying the 
resolutions of the Town into final effect, the whole of which are 
as follows to wit : — 

A Church Covenant, or an Association for the piirf'osc of pro- 
moting Christian Knozvledge, Piety and l-'irti'.c. 

1. This deed Is given as an example of tlie old deeds wliich refer back to the 
King's grant. The property described is the first lot south of Temple St., extend- 
ing to the river an<l including one hundred acres; also a lot of three hundred 
acres in the central part of the town. The property wa^ afterward conveyed to 
Abijah Smith and the deed is in possession of his grandson, Wallace B. Smith, 
who resides upon a part of the lot thus conveyed. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 557 

Londitious of the Association. 

First, It is understood and agreed, that all the Inhabitants of 
the Town who support and attend upon Christian instruction, are, 
in the general acceptation of the term. Christians ; and have an 
equal right to act in all ministerial, or religious affairs in which 
their property or Consciences are concerned ; nevertheless as all 
who are Christians in a general sense may not be Qualified, or 
may not feel it their dut}', to partake of the Lord's Supper so 
called ; it is thought advisable to form an association for that 
purpose, to establish some general rules of admission, to state 
some general articles of Faith, and to come into general engage- 
ments to adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour by well ordered 
lives and Conversation. 

Second, It is understood and agreed that the persons thus asso- 
ciating are not in consequence of their association obliged to 
commune, or to partake of the Lord's Supper, but are still left 
to their own voluntarv choice. 

Third, It is agreed that persons who do, or that thus associate, 
shall not, either individually or collectively, exercise, or be enti- 
tled to, any powers, privileges or prerogatives, in ministerial or 
religious affairs, in which the town or Christian Society at large 
are interested, only in common with the other inhabitants of the 
town, supporting the same form of divine Worship, who do not 
belong to this association. 

General Rule of Admission. 
Persons wishing to become members of the association shall 
subscribe their names to the following articles of Faith and to 
the following engagements, and all persons, whether male or 
female, thus subscribing shall be considered as members of the 
association and be entitled to commune, without any other cere- 
mony or formality whatever. 

Articles of Faith and Resolve founded upon it. 
Believing those writmgs called the Holy Scriptures to be 
profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction and for instruc- 
tion in Righteousness ; and to contain all the religious truths 



SS^ HISTORY OF WATEKVILLK. 

that are necessary to be believed, and all the religious precepts 
that are necessary to be practised, in order to eternal salvation, 
we adopt them as the rule of our Faith and practice. 

Engagement. 

Sensible that the happiness of man in this life, as well as in 
that which is to come, essentially depends upon the practice of 
piety and virtue, we engage to discountenance impiety; to 
encourage the moral, the social and the Christian virtues ; to pro- 
mote Friendship and brotherly love among ourselves, the peace 
and unity of the Christian Society at large, and endeavor by the 
Grace of God to let our Conversation be as it becometh the Gospel 
of Christ. 

Conditions upon which Mr. Joshua Cushmau is ordained as a 
minister of the Gospel in the Town of Winslow : agreed upon by 
him and by the inhabitants of said town. 

First, agreed by the parties concerned, that Mr. Cushman shall 
be entitled to his salary in full so long as he shall continue to be 
the minister of said town. 

Second, agreed by the parties concerned, that to prevent all 
disputes that may arise respecting the phrase "so long as he shall 
continue the minister of said town," he shall be considered 
the minister of said town, till he shall be dismissed in some form 
that shall be deemed regular. 

Third, agreed by the parties concerned, that if any misunder- 
standing or difficulty or dispute shall arise between Mr. Cushman 
and the inhabitants of said town who support him as their min- 
ister, the party feeling itself aggrieved shall first attempt a Com- 
promise or reconciliation; that if a Compromise or reconcilia- 
tion cannot be effected, the parties concerned shall attempt 
mutually to agree in the choice of some person or persons, 
reputed knowing and judicious, and not interested in the affair, 
to whom their difficulty or dispute whatever it be shall be referred ; 
and that if the parties concerned cannot mutually agree in the 
choice of any person or persons, each party shall independent of 
the other choose an equal number of the foregoing description 
and that the judgment of the referees chosen shall in either case, 
after an impartial hearing, be final and decisive without any other 
formality or process whatever. It is understood, however, that 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 559 

if the referees shall consist of an even number of persons and be 
equally divided upon any question upon which they are to decide, 
they shall be empowered mutually to agree in the choice of 
another person to sit with them in the reference, and that the 
result of the majority shall be, as before, a final decision of the 
cause. 

Fourth, agreed by the parties concerned that as the reputation 
and success of a minister when dismissed from any place, must 
depend upon the recommendation of his brethren in the ministry, 
in cases where the ministerial character shall be the only ques- 
tion, or so far as ministerial character shall be concerned, the 
choice of both parties shall be restricted to ministers of the 
Gospel ; and that in all other cases persons reputed knowing and 
judicious, and not interested may be chosen indiscriminately 
without any regard to any order or description of men what- 
ever. 

Fifth, Agreed by the parties concerned that to prevent all 
religious disputes respecting doctrines which never can be 
decided, as there is no living infallible Judge, or tribunal to whom 
or to which we can appeal for the truth of religious opinions, and 
as every Christian Society has an undoubted right to put their 
own construction upon the Scriptures, a point of orthodoxy 
before any council, or reference, or anv description of men what- 
ever. 

Sixth, Agreed by the parties concerned, that as a more exped- 
itious way of settling all ministerial, religious or civil disputes 
that may arise, whenever two-thirds of the inhabitants of said 
town, who support Mr. Cushman as their minister, shall be dis- 
satisfied with him on account of his doctrine, conduct, sickness, 
infirmities, old age, or any other reason whatever, and judge 
upon mature deliberation, without being influenced by any sud- 
den start of passion, caprice, or the impulse of the hour, his use- 
fulness as their religious instructor at an end ; they shall request 
him by a vote of the town, two-thirds of the inhabitants who 
support him concurring, to ask a dismission, and in case of refusal 
on his part, a vote of the town, so qualified, shall be deemed a 
regular dismission, always subjected, however, to the third and 
fourth of the foregoing conditions, so far as respects the terms 
on which he shall be dismissed, if a compromise between the 



560 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

parties cannot be efifected, as the case may require, notwithstand- 
ing anything intiniaterl in this sixth condition. 

Seventh, Agreed on the part of the town, that if Mr. Cushman 
should grow old in the work of the ministry, having discharged 
the duties of his office faithfully, the people of his charge, 
although they should judge his usefulness at an end and him not 
entitled to his salary in full, shall make such grants, sliould he 
need them, as will make his old age comfortable. 

Eighth, Agreed on the part of the town, that if money should 
become materially of less value ; and the price of articles of living 
be materially increased ; or the inhabitants increase in wealth 
and in population ; such additions to the salary now voted to 
Mr. Cushman shall from time to time be made as shall put him 
above servile dependence, and enable him to discharge the duties 
of his station with satisfaction and utility. 

Ninth, Agreed on the part of Mr. Cushman : that if the rela- 
tive value of money should materially be increased, and articles 
of living be materially diminished in their price, he will from 
time to time, relinquish a reasonable portion of his salary so as 
not to be burdensome to the people. 

Tenth, Agreed by the parties that the salary voted by the town 
to Mr. Cushman shall commence at his ordination. 

(June 9th, 1795. Agreed to by me in witness whereof I 
hereto subscribe my name 

Josiiu.\ Cushman. 

Attl;st: Josiah HA\Dty. Tozvu Clerk.) 

The resolution passed by the town at the termination of the 
above agreement, nineteen years later, was as follows : 

"Whereas the town of Winslow, owing to he state of surround- 
ing societies, to its own reduced numbers, and to the general 
embarrassment of the times, feels itself unable any longer to 
support a minister of the Congregational order ; and w'hereas 
the Rev. Joshua Cushman has served the town for nineteen years 
in this capacity, during the best days of a man's natural life, it 
would appear unchri.stian, contrary to the common principles of 
equity, to discontinue his ministerial services at his age without 
some remuneration ; therefore the town of Winslow, willing to 
make the Rev. Mr. Cushman, as far as can be done, compensa- 



HISTORY OF \VATER\-ir.LE. 561 

tion for the injury which he may receive to the means of his 
subsistence, to his prospects, and to his sensibility, engages to 
give him the sum of twelve hundred dollars to be paid within 
four years." 

"In dissolving the religious connection with the Rev. Mr. 
Cushman, which for years has so happily subsisted, the Christian 
Society in Winslow yield to necessity, and to the force of cir- 
cumstances over which they can have no control." 

In reply to this note Mr. Cushman wrote an answer gracefully 
accepting the situation and the proposal. He says it would have 
pleased him '"to have seen all the good people in town continued 
united in the form of worship instituted by the primitive Chris- 
tians." "To that beneficent Being, who giveth unto man his 
food, and heareth the young ravens when they cry, I commit my 
family ; and believing there is a reward for the righteous, myself 
I resign to the hopes of the future world." 

MusTER-KoLL OF THE Cojrp.\NY Late Stackpole's, July id, 
1795- 

Officers' Names. Captain, vacant : lieutenant, vacant ; ensign, 
W'm. Bradford. 

Sargeants. Samuel Stackpole, Enock Fuller, James Pettee, 
Thomas S. Farrington. 

Music. John Philbrook, drum ; Samuel Haywood, fife. 

Names of Men, Rank and File. Ben j. Runnels, Junr. ; Timo- 
thy Wyman, Francis Dudley, Junr. ; Thomas Parker, Junr. ; 
James Bigalow, Joseph Brown, John Brown, Joal Bragg, Abial 
Bragg, David Barney, John Collar, Stephen Crosby, James 
Dudley, John Drew, Edmund Freeman, Elijah Hall, Fred Hall, 
Wm. Haywood, Zimri Haywood, Junr. ; Josiah Hayden, Junr. ; 
Ambros Howard, Caleb Leonard, John Leonard, Isaac Osborn, 
Ephm. Osborn, Benj. Osborn, Junr. ; Benj. Pettee, Wm. Pettee, 
Ezekiel Pettee, Junr. : Samuel Parker, Phineas Parker, Samuel 
Parker, Junr. ; Eleazer Parker, Zachariah Parker, John Run- 
nels, Stephen Runnels, John Simson, Reuben Simson, Israel 
Smith, Willard Spalding, Junr. ; John Spaulding, Junr. ; Ray- 
mond Smith, George Stilson, James Stackpole, Junr., Daniel 
Spring, Junr., Robert Spear, Thomas Tripp, Silas Tripp, John 
36 



562 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

Tripp, \Vm. West, Moses Hastings, Closes Wj'man, Joseph 
Woods, Phineas Warren, Asa Warren, Thomas Gilpatrick, Silas 
Foss, John M. Harvey, Wm. Wyman, Ephrem. Roberts. Elisha 
Allen. Total, rank and file, 61. 

Attest: \\'illi.\m Bradford, Ensign. 

Number of musquets, 39; bayonets, 13; cartridge boxes, 7; 
iron rods, 23 ; bayonet belts, 6 ; flints, 68 ; wires and brushes, 17 ; 
knapsacks, 4; balls, 155; pounds of powder, 492. 

A letter from Reuben Kidder dated HaUozvell, August, i/P-f, 
describes a visit to Winslovv. He says, "there is an excellent road, 
plain and level, only eighteen miles from Fort Western to Fort 
Halifax. The town occupies a most excellent tract of land and 
contains more than 100 families. A house lot of one-quarter 
acre sells for fifty dollars." A house lot of one-quarter 
whom he found very hospitable and to whom two Penobscot 
Indians brought each a fine, large, fresh salmon taken the night 
before in the river before his door. He says, "I made two 
excellent meals of them. I spent the Sabbath and attended pnb- 
lic worship in the chamber of the old Fort where I saw among 
a large concourse of people, six Penobscot Indians dressed up 
hideously fine." He calls Winslow the head of boatable navi- 
gation, for canoes only can conveniently go above that place. 
The country above Winslow for thirty or forty miles is a fine 
tract of land but mostly a wilderness except about four miles 
from the river on each side, which is well cultivated. He speaks 
of the fort, then forty years old, as a '"large, ancient pile of build- 
ings, distinguished by the occasion on which it was erected." 

Inscriptions on Corner Stones of Fort Halifax. 
"This corner stone laid by direction of Governor Shirley, 
1754." The stone is preserved in the State House at Augusta. 
Another inscription fuller and more formal is on a tablet still 
preserved at Plymouth, Mass. It was in Latin and plainly tells 
how the fort took its name. A translation is as follows : "For 
the benefit of the AIas.sachusetts Province, William Shirley her 
Governor, under the auspices of the most noble George Mon- 
tague Duck, Earl of Halifax, the highly distinguished friend 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 563 

and patron of the British Provinces throughout North America, 
has reared this fortress." 
The original is as follows : 

"Quod felix faustum quesit 

Provinciae Massachusetensi ; 

Hunc Lapidem posuit 

Gulielmus Shirley, Gubernator, 

Sub auspiciis 

Nobilissimi, Georgii Montague Duck; 

Comitis de Halifax 

Provinciarum, 

Quotquot sunt ditionis Brittanicae ; 

Per Americam utramque 

Prefect! atque Patroni illustrissimi, 

Die 3, Septembris, A. D. 1754." 

The epitaph prepared by Richard Thomas for his own tomb- 
stone and now appearing on that stone in the old Winslow 
bur\-ing ground. 

"Here lies the body of Richard Thomas 
An inglishman by birth, 

A whig of 76, 

By occupation a cooper 

Now food for worms, 

Like an old rumpuncheon 

marked, numbered and shocked, 

He will be raised again 

and finished by his creator, 

he died sept, 28, 1824, aged 75. 

America my adopted country, my best advice to you is to take 

care of vour libertv.'' 



That considerable state was observed at the old East meeting- 
house may be inferred from the following entry in Capt. James 
Stackpole's diary : 

"Gave Rollins a pt. cherry rum for opening my pew door." 



564 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 



WlXSLOW AND WaTER\'II.I.E REPRESENTATIVES IX THE LEGIS- 
LATURE OF Massachusetts. 

1782. Zimri Haywood. 

1783. Ezekiel Pattee. 
1784. 

1785. No representative. 

1786. E. Pattee. 

1787. " '■■ 

1789. Arthur Lithgow. 

1791. Geo. Warren. 

1792. 

1795. Arthur Lithgow. 

1796. 

1797. No representative. 

1798. " 

1799. Elnathan Sherwin. 

1800. " 
1801. 

1802. 

1803. 

1804. " " 

1805. 

1806. 

1807. 

1808. 

1809. " " 

1 810. Eleazer W. Ripley. 
1811. 

181 2. Ehiathan Sherwin. 

1813. 

1814. 

1815. 

1816. Dr. Cook. 

1817. " 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 565 



Items Concerning the State Militia. — 1821-34. 

The Waterville men belonged to 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 
1st Regiment Maine Militia. Among the regimental officers for 
1821 Benj. Foster was adjutant, Elisha Hallet, Jr., quarter-mas- 
ter; David Wheeler, paymaster; Hall Chase, surgeon; John 
Wright, surgeon's mate; Zedekiah Belknap, chaplain. Wil- 
liam Pullen and James Adams were Captains, William Lewis 
and Josiah Crosby were ensigns. 

In 1822 Daniel Cook was division quarter-master. In the 1st 
Regiment Johnson Williams was major; Benj. Foster, adju- 
tant ; Hallet, Wheeler Chase and Belknap retained their positions 
while Simeon Mathews became surgeon's mate. 

In 1823, Daniel Cook continued division quarter master. Major 
Johnson Williams was promoted to be lieutenant-colonel, Alpheus 
Lyon became adjutant. The same officers served in 1824-5. 

In 1825 the militia of the State included, infantry, 35,212; 
cavalry, i,t68; artillery, 1,865. Total, 38,245 men in seven 
divisions. 

Other Waterville men who held rank in the militia, were M. P. 
Norton, Clark Lillybridge, Joshua Davis, Avery Briggs, Samuel 
Plaisted, Sanford Pullen, William Dorr, Jeptha Crowell, Gailen 
Soule, Harrison A. Smith and Joseph Marston. 

Sunday School. 
"Being desirous of having a well organized Sunday School in 
Waterville village, the subscribers agree to meet at the old meet- 
ing house on Sunday, the 12th day of August instant, at 6 o'clock 
afternoon to deliberate on the measures expedient to be taken 
for carrying a Sunday School into effect" — Daniel Cook 
August 1827. Hall Chase 

George W. Osborne 
Thos. Kimball 
Moses Appleton John C. Jewett 

Jas. Stackpole, Jr. M. P. Norton 

Cieorge Stickney T. Boutelle 

Shubal Marston 
Asa Redington, Jr. 
J. M. Hanes James Burleigh 



566 HISTORY OK WATERVII.I.E. 

S. Scanimon Nath. Russell 

Isaac Dodge Lemuel Stilson 

Wm. Hastings J. Alden 

Jos. M. Moon David Paine 

William I,oring Tames Barnev 

Russell Ellis ' 
\\'m. Pearson. 

Watern'u.i.e IxcoRroR.xTio.v Act, Ji'ne 23. 1802. 
"Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 

In the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and two." 
"An Act to divide the Town of ^^'inslow in the County of Ken- 
nebec, and to incorporate the westerly part thereof into a sep- 
arate Town by the name of Watervillc." 

Section 1st. Be it Enacted by the Senate and House of Repre- 
sentatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of 
the same, that all that part of the town of Winslow which lies on 
the west side of Kennebec River; as known by its present 
bounds, and by a line drawn on the middle of Kennebec River 
as its future eastern boundary, be and hereby is incorporated into 
a separate Town by the name of Watervillc. And the inhabi- 
tants of ye said town are hereby invested with all the powers, 
privileges, rights and immunities, with which other Towns are 
invested by the Constitution and Laws of this Commonwealth. 

Section 2d. And be it further Enacted, that the said Town of 
Watervillc shall pay all arrears of taxes, which have been 
assessed upon them, together with their proportion of all debts 
owed by the said Town of Winslow prior to the date of this Act, 
excepting such debts as concern the building of their Meeting 
Houses, which shall be due from the said Town when divided, 
or damages the Town may then be liable to pay, shall be appor- 
tioned and paid by each Town in proportion according to the 
present valuation, and all dues and demands, other than those 
which include the expenses of Meeting Houses, belonging to the 
Town when divided, shall hereafter be adjusted, divided and paid 
to each of the said Towns in proportions according to the present 
valuation. And the proceeds of the sales of all Pews on the 
lower floors in the two Meeting Houses standing on the banks 
of the Kennebec, as also the Monies voted to complete the same, 



HISTORY OK WATERVILLE. 567 

shall be equally divided between the said Towns after a division ; 
and the monies assessed for building a meeting house in the west 
pond settlement, shall be paid and exclusively appropriated to 
that purpose, and subject to no demand of said Town of Wins- 
low. And the deficiencies of monies which may be due to the 
several school districts, in the said Town when divided, shall be 
paid out of the common treasury of the present Town of Winslow. 

Section 3d. And be it further Enacted, that all future State 
taxes which may be levied on the two Towns aforesaid, previous 
to a new valuation, shall be assessed and paid in the proportion 
of two-fifths by the Town of Winslow and three-fifths by the 
Town of Waterville. 

Section 4th. And be it further Enacted, that all property now 
belonging to the said Town of Winslow, not mentioned in the 
foregoing section, shall be divided between the said Towns in the 
proportions as mentioned in the second section of this Act. 

Section 5th. And be it further Enacted, that any Justice of 
the Peace of said County of Kennebec, be and he is hereby 
authorized upon application thereof, to issue a Warrant directed 
to some suitable person, an inhabitant of the said Town of Water- 
ville, requiring him to notify and warn the Inhabitants thereof 
qualified to vote in Town afifairs, to assemble at such convenient 
time and place as shall be expressed in the said Warrant, to 
choose such officers as Towns are by law empowered to choose in 
the months of March or April annually. 

In the House of Representatives, June 23rd, 1802. This Bill 
having had three several readings passed to be Enacted. 

John C. Jones, Speaker. 

In Senate, June 23rd. 1802. This Bill having had two several 
readings passed to be Enacted. 

D.wiD Cobb, President. 

June 23rd, 1802. By the Governor approved. 

C.\LEB Strong. 
A true Copy 

Attest : 

John Avery, Secretary. 
A true Copy of the Original 
Attest : 

Abij.\h Smith, Town Clerk. 



568 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

Letter of Asa Redington. 

Waterville, Me., June 21, 1844. 

Dear Sir : — My son recently informed me that you would like 
to have a copy of the company roll of Washington's Life Guards. 
Agreeably to your request, I hereby send you one, under date of 
Oct. 22, 1783. The original is in my possession. 

The company was then stationed at Rocky Hill, in Princeton, 
N. Jersey, and went by the name of Washington's Guards. It 
consisted of a Captain, three Sergeants, three Corporals, two 
Musicians, and twenty-eight Privates. I remember most of 
them. 

The preliminary treaty of peace was made in Nov., 1782. 
After the information reached America, there was but little 
fighting. The army, however, was not disbanded until the 
arrival of the definitive treaty, signed at Paris, 3d Sept., 1783. 
It was in the spring of 1783 that Washington retired from New- 
burg, and established his headquarters at Princeton. This com- 
pany was detached at that time to attend upon his person. They 
remained with him at Princeton till the last of November, when 
he withdrew, and after again visiting West Point and New 
York City, he returned to his home at Mount Vernon. A part of 
our company went to that place to guard his baggage. I had 
then to walk to West Point (where I was discharged 23d Dec. 
1783), and from thence to New Hampshire, where my friends 
resided. I had been in the war five years, and my health had 
become impared. Being desirous to retain my trusty musket, 
but unable to bring it so far on my shoulders, I made a bargain 
with one of my fellow soldiers to carry it home, for which I was 
to give him a hard dollar, or let him retain the gun. I made out 
to procure, and give him a hard dollar, and took the piece, which 
I still keep. 

Gen. Washington had the condescention to speak to me several 
times. Once in the Philadelphia hospital, when sick with the 
smallpox : — "You appear to have been very sick : what corps do 
you belong to?" I replied, "New Hampshire," and he passed 
along. Once at Princeton, when I and another man were carry- 
ing up some heavy trunks into his chamber: — "Be careful and 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 569 

not let them fall on your feet, as they might cripple you." And 
again at the same place. He called me to his window and said. 
"I wish you would let your men procure some bush brooms and 
sweep the door yard, and I will try to get you something to 
drink." 

We complied with the General's request, and he sent us out, by 
his steward, a bottle of excellent spirit, which was quite accept- 
able. The General's lady was with him (I believe) all the time 
he was at Princeton. I was for several weeks quite sick there 
with the fever and ague, and went to a small farm house near 
by the General's quarters. His family physician called often, 
and gave me medicines many times. Lady Washington was also 
very kind to me, and at one time sent me an excellent pie, and at 
another time an orange, and other things. 

i\Iy veneration for the great and good Gen. Washington com- 
menced early. It has never suffered diminution. Of his person 
and character it is unnecessary to speak ; but I cannot forbear 
alluding to that majestic and serene dignity of appearance and 
of manner, which at once inspired both reverence and love. 
When on horse-back he made a most noble appearance. If walk- 
ing (alone or in company with thousands), he must have been 
instantly marked for an extraordinary being. He had with him 
at Princeton about a dozen cavalry, well mounted. They made 
a fine appearance. They generally escorted him when he rode 
out, and acted as expresses, etc. 

Of the Guards, Sergeant Stratton died last fall, at Albion, in 
this State. It is possible that several others may be yet living, 
but I know of know one. 

I trust I did my duty faithfully as a soldier in that mighty 
struggle for our National Independence. I saw and felt a great 
deal of hard service in that war, in a number of actions. I was at 
the siege of Yorktown. and had the pleasure (for I was tired of 
fighting) of seeing the British army under Lord Cornwallis march 
out of Yorktown, ground their arms, and surrender themselves 
prisoners of war. 

I am no friend to war, and pray that it may cease to the ends 
of the earth. I am fast verging to the age of eighty-three, and 
am hoping soon to find a dwelling place in that promised land 
where wars can never come. 



570 HISTORY OF \\ATERVILLE. 

In another part of this letter, I have spoken of Gen. Wash- 
ington's condescention to me on several occasions. My object 
was merely to show that he was above that false pride which too 
often accompanies inen invested with rank and power, and which 
teaches them that condescension to their inferiors would be fatal 
to their own dignity. 

Respectfully yours, 

As.\ Redington. 

P. I. I trust, sir, you will excuse the wretched appearance of 
this letter, as my health is very feeble, and I cannot do as I once 
could. Men's names belonging to His Excellency's Guard. 
Sergeants — Stratton, Hclt, Bonis. Corporals — Redington, Cut- 
ler, Holt. Musicians — Fife, Odiorne, Drum, Simpson. Private's 
names — Ames, BuUard, Baker, Blair, Batchelder, Currier, 
Coster, Conner, Davis, Eaton, Eastman, Ferguson, Gordon, 
Hutchinson, Kenney, Morrison, Morrell, Norris, Pierce, Pope, 
I'easc, Randall, Sutton. Sanborn, Sergeant, Smith, Smith, 
Thurston, Ward, Winch. 

Capt. Howe, Commander of His Excellency's Guard, Rocky 
Hill, Oct. 22, 178.3. 

Nehemiah Stratton, Sergeant on the Command. 



THE CITY CHARTER. 



[Accepted Jan. 23, 1888.] 



AN ACT TO .\MENIJ AN ACT INCORPORATING THB CITV OF 
WATERVILLE. 



Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in 

Legislature assembled, as follows : 

The Act of the Legislature of eighteen hundred and eighty- 
three, approved February twenty-eight, eighteen hundred and 
eighty-three, to incorporate the city of Waterville, is hereby 
amended so that the several sections of said act shall read as 
follows : 

Section i. The inhabitants of the town of Waterville, in 
the county of Kennebec, shall continue to be a body politic 
and corporate by the name of the city of Waterville, and as 
such shall have, exercise and enjoy all the rights, immunities, 
powers, privileges and franchises, and be subject to all the 
duties and obligations now appertaining to or incumbent upon 
said town as a municipal corporation, or appertaining to or 
incumbent upon the inhabitants or selectmen thereof, and may 
ordain and publish such acts, ordinances, laws and regulations, 
not inconsistent with the constitution and laws of this State, as 
shall be needful to the good order of said body politic, and impose 
fines and penalties for the breach thereof not e.xceeding twenty 
dollars for any one offense, which may be recovered to the use 
of said city, by action of debt, or on complaint before the 
municipal court in said city, or complaint may be made before 
said court and a warrant issued thereon when authorized bv the 



572 HISTORY OF WATERVILLF.. 

city solicitor, and said court is empowered to enforce payment 
of said fines and costs of prosecution by imprisonment in the 
county jail not exceeding thirty days. 

Sect. 2. The administration of all fiscal, prudential and 
municipal affairs of said city, with the government thereof, shall 
be vested in one principal magistrate, to be styled the mayor, and 
a board of seven aldermen, designated as the board of aldermen, 
and a board of fourteen councilmen, denominated the common 
council, all of whom shall be inhabitants of said city and legal 
voters therein. Said mayor, board of aldermen, and common 
council, shall constitute the city council. All shall be sworn to 
a faithful performance of the duties of their respective offices. 

Sect. 3. The mayor of said city shall be the chief executive 
magistrate thereof. It shall be his duty to be vigilant and active 
in causing the laws and regulations of the city to be executed 
and enforced, to exercise a general supervision over the conduct 
of all subordinate officers, and to cause their violations or neglect 
of duty to be punished. He may call special meetings of the 
board of aldermen and common council, when, in his opinion, 
the interest of the city requires it, by a notice in one or more of 
the papers printed in the city, or by causing a summons or 
notification to be given in hand, or left at the usual dwelling 
place of each member of the board to be convened. He shall, 
from time to tirrie, communicate to the city council, such informa- 
tion and recommend such measures as the business and interests 
of the city may, in his opinion, require. He shall preside in the 
board of aldermen and joint meetings of the two boards, but 
shall have only a casting vote. The salary and compensation 
of the mayor shall be two hundred dollars per year, which shall 
not be increased or diminished during his continuance in office, 
unless by the vote of the qualified electors in ward meetings 
called for that purpose, nor shall he receive from the city any 
other compensation for any services by him rendered in any 
other capacity or agency ; provided, however, that the city 
council may elect the mayor to any city office, and allow him 
a reasonable compensation for services rendered in such office. 

Sect. 4. Every law, act, ordinance, resolve or order, 
requiring the consent of both branches of the city council, 
excepting rules and orders of a parliamentary character, shall 



HISTORY OF WATEKVILLE. 573 

be presented to the mayor for approval. If not approved by 
him, he shall return it with' his objections, at the next session 
of the city council, to that branch in which it originated, which 
shall enter the objections at large on its journal and proceed to 
reconsider the same. If, upon such reconsideration, it shall be 
passed by a vote of two-thirds of all the members of that 
branch, it shall be sent together with the objections to the other 
branch, by which it shall be reconsidered, and if passed by a two- 
thirds vote of that branch, it shall have the same effect as if 
signed by the mayor. In case of vacancy in the office of mayor, 
when said law, act, ordinance, resolve or order be finally passed, 
the same shall be voted without approval. 

Sect. 5. The executive powers of said city generally, and 
the administration of police and health departments, with all 
the powers of selectmen and overseers of the poor, except as 
modified by this act, shall be vested in the mayor and aldermen. 
All the powers of establishing watch and ward, now vested by 
the laws of the state in .the justices of the peace and municipal 
officers or inhabitants of towns, are vested in the mayor and 
aldermen, so far as relates to said city, and they are authorized 
to unite the watch and police departments into one department, 
and establish suitable regulations for the government of the same. 
The officers of police shall be one chief, to be styled the citv 
marshal, so many deputy marshals as the city council may by 
ordinance prescribe, and so many watchmen and police as the 
ma3'or and aldermen may, from time to time, appoint. All other 
powers now or hereafter vested in the inhabitants of said city, 
and all powers granted by this act, as well as all powers relating 
to the fire department, shall be v^ested in the mayor and aldermen 
and common council of said city, to be exercised by concurrent 
vote, each board to have a negative upon the other. Each board 
shall keep a record of its proceedings, and judge of the election of 
its own members, and in case of vacancies, new elections shall 
be ordered by the mayor and aldermen. 

Sect. 6. The compensation of all subordinate city officers 
whatsoever shall be fixed by the city council. All officers of the 
police and health departments shall be appointed by nomination by 
the mayor and confirmation by the aldermen, and may be removed 
by them for good cause. All other subordinate officers shall be 



574 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

elected by joint convention of the city council, and such officers 
may be removed for good cause, by concurrent vote passed in 
each branch by the assent of two thirds of all the members 
thereof. Except as otherwise specially provided in this act, all 
subordinate officers shall be elected annually on the second Mon- 
day in March, or as soon thereafter as may be, and their term 
of office shall be for one year, and until others are qualified in 
their place. All vacancies may be filled by the board having 
authority to elect. 

Sect. 7. No money shall be paid out of the city treasury 
except on orders drawn and signed by the mayor, designating 
the fund or appropriation from which said orders are to be paid, 
nor unless the same shall be first granted or appropriated therefor 
by the city council, and the city council shall secure a prompt 
and just accountability by requiring bonds with sufficient penalty 
and surety or sureties, from all persons trusted with the receipt, 
custody or disbursement of money ; they shall have the care and 
superintendence of the city btiildings and the custody and man- 
agement of all city property, with power to let or sell what may 
be legally let or sold, and to purchase and take, in the name of 
the city, real and personal ])roperty for municipal purposes to an 
amount not exceeding one hundred thousand dollars in addition 
to that now held by the town, and shall, as often as once a year, 
cause to be published for the information of the inhabitants, a 
particular account of receipts and expenditures, and a schedule 
of city property. 

Sect. 8. The assessors shall be elected on the second Mon- 
day in March. At the first election thereof under this act, three 
persons shall be elected assessors, one of whom shall be elected 
for one year, one for two vears, and one for three years, and at 
each subsequent election, one assessor shall be elected for three 
years, each of whom shall continue in office until some other per- 
son shall have been elected and qualified in his place. The city 
council shall elect an assistant assessor in each ward, whose duty 
it shall be to furnish the assessors with all the necessary informa- 
tion relative to persons and property taxable in his ward ; he shall 
be sworn or affirmed to the faithful performance of his duty. 
All taxes shall be assessed, apportioned and collected in the man- 
ner prescribed by the laws of this state relative to town taxes. 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 5/5 

except as herein modified, and the city council may establish 
further or additional provisions for the collection thereof, and 
of interest thereon. 

Sect. 9. The city council shall have exclusive authority to lay 
out, widen or otherwise alter, or discontinue any and all streets or 
public ways in the citv of Waterville, without petition therefor, 
and to estimate all damage sustained by the owners of land taken 
for that ])urpose. A joint standing committee of the two boards 
shall be appointed, whose duty it shall be to lay out, alter, widen 
or discontinue any street or way in said city, first giving notice 
of the time and place of their proceedings to all parties interested, 
as now required by law in case of town ways. The committee 
shall first hear all parties interested, and then determine and 
adjudge whether the public convenience requires such street or 
way to be laid out, altered or discontinued, and shall make a 
written return of their proceedings, signed by a majority of them, 
containing the bounds and descriptions of the street or way, if 
laid out or altered, and the names of the owners of the land 
taken, when known, and the damages allowed therefor; the 
return shall be filed in the city clerk's office, at least seven days 
previous to its acceptance by the city council. The street or 
way shall not be altered or established until the report is accepted 
by the city council, and the report shall not be altered or amended 
before its acceptance. A street or way shall not be discontinued 
by the city council, excepting upon the report of said committee. 
The committee shall estimate and report the damages sustained 
by the owners of the lands adjoining that portion of the street or 
way which is so discontinued ; their report shall be filed with 
the city clerk, seven days at least before its acceptance. Any 
person aggrieved by the decision or judgment of the city council 
in establishing, altering or discontinuing streets, may, so far as 
relates to damages, appeal therefrom as in case of town ways. If 
a street or way is discontinued before the damages are paid or 
recovered for the land taken, the land owner shall not be entitled 
to recover such damages, but the committee in their report dis- 
continuing the same, shall estimate and include all the damages 
sustained by the land owner, including those caused by the 
original location of the streets, and in such case, if an appeal has 
been regularly taken, the appellant shall recover his costs. The 



5/6 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

city shall not be compelled to construct or open any street or 
way thus hereafter established, until in the opinion of the city 
council, the public good requires it to be done ; nor shall the city 
interfere with possession of the land so taken, by removing there- 
from materials, or otherwise, until they decide to open and con- 
struct said street. The city council may regulate the height and 
width of sidewalks in any public square, places, streets, lanes or 
alleys in said city, and may authorize posts and trees to be placed 
along the edge of said sidewalks. Nor shall the city be answer- 
able for damages occasioned by telegraph poles and wires erected 
in its streets. 

Whenever said city council shall determine to lay out, widen 
or otherwise alter any public street or road, said city council is 
authorized to levy an assessment upon the real estate fronting 
upon the line of said street and upon other land near said street 
and benefited thereby in proportion to the valuation and the bene- 
fits to be derived. The amount of said assessment shall be fixed 
by the committee of the city council authorized to lay out, widen 
or alter said road, and in their report to the city council said com- 
mittee shall state definitely what amount they have assessed on 
each parcel of land or real estate, giving a description of the same. 
In proceeding to lay out, widen or alter such streets, such com- 
mittee shall proceed in the same manner and give the same notices 
as are required by law in laying out other roads. The report of 
such committee shall be filed with the city clerk at least seven 
days before action thereon by the city council. The action of 
such committee shall be subject to revision and change by the city 
council. The city clerk shall give to the person owning or in 
possession of said real estate, at least five days' notice that such 
assessment has been made, stating the amount of the same, before 
the action of the city council upon the same, and a fair oppor- 
tunity shall be given to all the parties interested to be heard on 
said assessment before the city council, before action shall be 
taken thereon, and any person aggrieved by the action of the city 
council shall have the right to appeal and be heard in court in 
the same manner as provided by law for appeals and hearings 
in cases of damages for land taken for highways ; said assess- 
ment shall constitute a lien on said real estate, which shall con- 
tinue in force for one vear after final action on said assessment, 



HISTORY OF WATKRVII.LE. 577 

either by said city council or by way of proceedings on appeal. 
The assessment so made shall, within three months after said 
final action thereon, be committed to the collector of taxes, and 
he shall proceed to collect the same in the same manner, and by 
the same means, as now provided by law for collection of taxes 
on real estate. 

Sect. io. The mayor may, on such terms and conditions as 
he may think proper, authorize and empower any person or cor- 
poration to place in any street, for such time as may be necessary, 
any materials for making or repairing any street, sidewalk, cross- 
walk, bridge, watercourse or drain, or for erecting, repairing or 
finishing any building or fences, or for laying or repairing gas 
or water pipes, provided, that not more than one-half of the 
width of the street shall be so occupied. And such materials so 
placed by virtue of any license obtained as aforesaid, shall not be 
considered an incumbrance or nuisance in such street, and the city 
shall not be liable to any person for any damages occasioned by 
such materials. 

Sect. ii. For the purpose of holding elections, said city 
shall, after the first election, be divided into seven wards, to con- 
tain as near as conveniently may be, an equal number of legal 
voters, and it shall be the duty of the city council, once in ten 
years and not oftener than five years, to review, and if it be need- 
ful to alter said wards, in such manner as to preserve, as nearly as 
may be, an equal number of legal voters in each ward. The 
wardens shall preside at all the ward meetings, with the powers 
of moderator of town meetings, and if at any meeting the warden 
shall not be present, the clerk of the ward shall call the meeting 
to order and preside till a warden, pro tempore, shall be chosen. 
If neither the warden or the clerk shall be present, any legal voter 
in the ward may preside till a clerk, pro tempore, shall be chosen 
and qualified. The clerk shall record all the proceedings and 
certify the votes given and deliver over to his successor in office 
all such records and journals, together with all other documents 
and papers held by him in said capacity. The inhabitants of each 
ward may choose two persons to assist the warden in receiving, 
sorting and counting the votes. All regular ward meetings shall 
be notified and called by the board of mayor and aldermen in the 
37 



578 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

manner provided in the laws of this state, for notifying and call- 
ing town meetings by the selectmen of the several towns, except- 
ing that ward meetings for the election of mayor, after the first 
trial, may be called within the time provided in such cases in this 
act. 

Sect. 12. The mayor shall be elected by the inhabitants of 
the city, voting in their respective wards. One alderman, two 
common councilmen, a warden, a clerk, one member of the board 
of education and one constable, shall be elected by each ward, 
being residents in the ward where elected. All said officers shall 
be elected by ballot by a plurality of the votes given, and shall 
hold their offices one year from the second Monday in Alarch, 
and until others shall be elected and qualified in their places. All 
city and ward officers shall be held to discharge the duties of the 
offices to which they have been respectively elected, notwithstand- 
ing their removal after their election out of their respective wards 
into any other wards in the city, but they shall not be so held 
after they have taken up their permanent residence out of the city. 
Sect. 13. On the first Monday in March, annually, the quali- 
fied electors of each ward shall ballot for mayor, one alderman, 
two common councilmen, a warden and a clerk, a member of the 
board of education and one constable, on one ballot. The ward 
clerk, within twenty- four hours after such election, shall deliver 
to the persons elected, certificates of their 'election, and shall 
forthwith deliver to the city clerk a certified copy of the record 
of such election, a plain and intelligent abstract of which shall 
be entered by the city clerk on the city records. If the choice of 
any ward officer is not effected on that day, the meeting shall be 
adjourned to another day, not more than two days thereafter, to 
complete such election, and may so adjourn, from time to time, 
until the election is complete. The board of aldermen shall, as 
soon as conveniently may be, examine the copies of the records 
of the several wards, certified as aforesaid, and shall cause the 
person who shall have been elected mayor by a plurality of the 
votes given in all the wards, to be notified in writing of his elec- 
tion. But if it shall appear that no person shall have been so 
elected, or if the person elected shall refuse to accept the office, 
the said board shall issue their warrants for another election : 
and in case the citizens shall fail on a second ballot to elect a 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 579 

mayor, the city council in convention shall, from the four highest 
candidates voted for at the second election and returned, elect a 
mayor for the ensuing year ; and in case of a vacancy in the office 
of mayor by death, resignation or otherwise, it shall be filled for 
the remainder of the term by a new election in the manner herein- 
before provided for the choice of said officer. The oath or 
affirmation prescribed by this act shall be administered to the 
mayor by the city clerk or any justice of the peace in said city, 
and a certificate thereof filed with the clerk and recorded. The 
aldermen and common councilmen elect, shall, on the second 
Monday in March, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, meet in con- 
vention, when the oath or affirmation required by the second 
secti()n of this act, shall be administered to the members of the 
two boards present, by the mayor or any justice of the peace, 
after which the board of common council shall be organized by 
the election of a president and clerk. The city council shall, by 
ordinance, determine the time of holding stated or regular meet- 
ings of the boards and shall also, in like manner, determine the 
manner of calling special meetings and the persons by whom the 
same shall be called, but until otherwise provided by ordinance, 
special meetings shall be called by the mayor, by causing a noti- 
fication to be left at the usual residence or place of business of 
each member of the board or boards to be convened. 

Sect. 14. After the organization of a city government and 
the qualification of a mayor, and when a quorum of the board 
of aldermen shall be present, said board, the mayor presiding, 
shall proceed to choose a permanent chairman, who, in the 
absence of the mayor, shall preside at all meetings of the board, 
or at conventions of the two boards, and in case of any vacancy 
in the office of mayor, he shall exercise all the powers and per- 
form all the duties of the office so long as such vacancy 
shall remain ; he shall continue to have a vote in the board, but 
shall not have the veto power. The board of aldermen, in the 
absence of the mayor and permanent chairman, shall choose a 
president, pro tempore, who shall exercise the powers of a per- 
manent chairman. 

Sec. 15. The city clerk shall be clerk of the board of alder- 
men. He shall perform such duties as shall be prescribed by 
the mayor and aldermen or the city council, and shall also per- 



580 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

form all the duties and exercise all the powers now incumbent 
on him by law. He shall give notice in one or more of the papers 
printed in said city, of the time and place of regular ward meet- 
ings ; the time of such meetings, when not fixed by law, shall 
be determined by the board of aldermen. In case of the tem- 
porary absence of the city clerk, the mayor and aldermen may 
appoint a city clerk pro tempore. 

Sect. 16. The board of education, elected as hereinbefore 
provided, shall take the place of the superintending school com- 
mittee, and perform all its duties and be invested with all its 
rights and powers. The board shall elect a chairman annually, 
and appoint some suitable person, not a member of the board, 
superintendent of schools, and may adopt such rules and regu- 
lations for the management of the schools as are not inconsistent 
with the laws of the state. The superintendent shall be the sec- 
retary and executive agent of the board, which shall fix his 
salary, to be paid from the city treasury as salaries of teachers 
are paid, and may remove him for good cause and appoint a 
successor. The members of the board shall receive no compen- 
sation for their services as such. 

Sec. 17. The aldermen and common councilmen shall not 
be entitled to receive any salary or other compensation during 
the year for which they are elected, nor be eligible to any office 
of profit or emolument, the salan*- of which is payable by the city, 
and all departments, boards, officers and committees, acting under 
the authority of the city, and entrusted with the expenditure of 
public money, shall expend the same for no other purpose than 
that for which it is appropriated, and shall be accountable there- 
for to the city in such manner as the city council may direct. 

Sec. 18. All the laws and regulations now in force in said 
town shall, notwithstanding this act, be and remain in force until 
they expire by their own limitations, or be revised or repealed 
by the city council, and prosecutions and suits may be commenced 
and proceeded thereon in the name of the city, by officers or 
other persons thereby empowered or directed to prosecute and 
sue, and the fines and penalties shall go to the uses in such laws 
or regulations named according to law. 

Sect. 19. General meetings of the citizens qualified to vote 
in city affairs, may from time to time be held to consult upon 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLS. 58I 

the public good, to instnict their representatives, and to take all 
lawful measures to obtain redress of any grievance according to 
the right secured to the people by the constitution of this state, 
and such meetings shall be duly vi^arned by the mayor and alder- 
men, upon requisition of sixty qualified voters. The city clerk 
shall act as clerk of such meetings, and record the proceedings 
upon the city records. 

Sect. 20. For the purpose of organizing the system of gov- 
ernment hereby established and putting the same in operation in 
the first instance, the selectmen of the town for the time being, 
shall seasonably before the third Monday of March, after the 
acceptance of this charter, issue their warrant for calling a meet- 
ing of the legal voters at such place and hour of the day as they 
shall choose, for the purpose of choosing a mayor, seven alder- 
men, fourteen councilmen, one city clerk and seven members of 
a board of education, and seven constables, to be taken from the 
city at large; said officers shall be elected by a plurality vote. 
The town clerk shall notify the several officers elect of their elec- 
tion, in writing, within twenty-four hours. Their powers and 
duties shall be as hereinbefore provided. It shall be the duty 
of the city council, as soon as may be after their election, to cause 
a division of the city into seven wards in such manner as to 
include as nearly as may be, consistently with well defined limits, 
an equal number of legal voters in each ward. At said first meet- 
ing after such division into wards, the ward meetings shall be 
called to order and presided over by some person appointed by 
the board of mayor and aldermen, and the records of said first 
meetings in the several wards shall be made by some person 
designated by the board of mayor and aldermen, and at said 
first meeting, lists of voters corrected by the aldermen, shall be 
delivered to the persons designated to act as recording officers 
in the several wards, to be used as provided by law in town meet- 
ings. Said recording officers shall perform the duties of ward 
clerks as before herein provided, relative to making a record of 
the election and returning a copy of the records to the city 
council. 

Sect. 21. This act shall take effect and be in full force when 
the same shall have been accepted by the inhabitants of said town 
qualified to vote in town affairs, at a legal meeting called for 



582 HISTORY OF WATERVII.LE. 

that purpose, provided it shall be accepted before March twenty, 
in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and ninety- 
two ; and at such meeting the inhabitants of said town shall vote 
by a written ballot, those in favor of accepting this act having 
on the ballot the word "yes," and those opposed having on the 
ballot the word "no ;" and if a majority of all the ballots received 
are in favor of accepting the same, it shall then become a law and 
take effect ; and it shall be the duty of the clerk of said town to 
file a copy of the record of the vote of said town accepting the 
same, with the clerk of the city of Waterville, when elected, who 
shall transcribe such copy into he records of the city ; and such 
record shall be conclusive evidence that this act has been accepted. 
For the purpose of calling and conducting a meeting of the 
inhabitants to vote upon the acceptance of this act, it takes effect 
when approved. 

Sect. 22. All acts and parts of acts inconsistent w'ith this 
act and amendments hereof, are hereby repealed from and after 
the time when the act shall have been accepted as aforesaid, and 
the government shall have been organized as herein provided. 



THE VALUATION, DEBT AND TAX RATE OF WATERVILLE, SINCE 
IT BECAME A CITY. 

» Increase, Tax Rate 

Year. Valuation. Debt. f Decrease. —Mills. 

1888 - 167,524 43 - 

March i, 18S9 $3,626,263 81,696 51 *|;io,224 47 15 

1S90 3,867,375 125,696 40 *43i999 89 i6-4 

1891 3,910,101 146,566 92 *20,873 52 18 

1892 4,458,647 198,146 84 *5i.579 92 17 

1893 4.575.678 200,879 44 *2.732 60 21% 

1894 4,687350 202,33632 *i,456 88 20 

1895 - 201,563 12 t773 20 20 

1896 4,712,390 213,968 84 *i2,405 72 20 

1897 4,710,774 221,641 67 *7,672 73 20% 

1898 4,846,020 219,046 71 +2,594 96 22 

1899 4,912,865 225,159 39 *5.559 65 20 

. T900 4,902,767 225,013 72 ti45 67 23% 

1901 4,961,812 221,537 83 +3.475 89 21% 

1902 5.083,332 220,209 42 +1,328 41 23% 
1902-3 5,219,163 - - - 



HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 583 

MAYORS OF WATERVILLE. 

1888, Reuben Foster; 1889, Nathaniel Meader; 1890, Nathan- 
iel Meader; 1891, Edgar L. Jones; 1892, Edgar L. Jones; 1893, 
Charles F. Johnson; 1894, Christian Knauff; 1895, Christian 
Knauff ; 1896, Edmund F. Webb ; 1897, Charles H. Redington ; 
i8<j8, Carroll \V. Abbott; 1899, Warren C. Philbrook ; 1900, 
Warren C. Philbrook; 1901, Martin Blaisdell ; 1902, Martin 
Blaisdell. 



BILL OF BOOKS FOR Tllfi WATERVILLE SOCIAL LIBRARY. 

Boston, October 28, 1801. 

Mr. Reuben Kidder bought of Caleb Bingham (for Winslow 
Library) : 

I set Hunter's Biography — 3 Vols 6 00 

I set Beauties of the Spectator — 2 Vols i 50 

I set Knox's Essays — 2 Vols 2 00 

I Brydone's Tour i 00 

I set Evelina — 2 Vols i 50 

I Blair's Lectures 75 

I Citizen of the World i 00 

I Hive 75 

I McFingal 75 

I Vision of Columbus i 25 

I set Shakespeare's Works — 8 Vols 10 00 

I set Hinne & Smollet's England — 12 Vols 27 00 

T set Robertson's America — 2 Vols 4 00 

I American Spectator i 00 

I Goldsmith's Animated Nature — 4 \^ols 9 00 

I set Studies of Nature — 3 Vols 8 00 

I Mason's Self Knowledge ■ 75 

I Thomson's Letters 2 00 

I British Magazine, 1800 — 2 Vols 5 00 

I Roberts' Charles 5th — 4 Vols 5 00 

I Hume's Essays — 2 Vols 4 00 

I Jennyn's View ; 62 J4 

1 Gulliver's Travels 75 

I Moore's Travels — 2 Vols, (calf guilt, none else to 

be had) 4 50 

I Parke's Travels in Africa 2 50 

I Shenstone's Poems i 00 

I Bamberger's Travels in Africa 2 50 

I Volney's ditto in E.g>'pt and Syria 2 50 

I Bruce's Trav. in Abyssynia i 121^ 

I Staunton's Embassy to China 3 00 

I Robertson's America, additional volume 75 

I Voyages of Pyrouse i 00 

I Cooke's Voyages — 2 Vols 2 50 

I Zimmerman on National Pride i 50 

I Baron Trenck i 25 



584 HISTORY OF WATERVILLE. 

1 Lendrum's American Revolution (Rem'd out of 

print) 2 00 

I Hon. Adams' Hist. N. England 2 25 

I Beggar Girl — 3 Vols 3 00 

1 Jefferson's Notes on Virginia 2 00 

I Pelew Islands 75 

I Can'cr's Travels i 00 

I Goldsmith's Rom. Hist, abrid Syyi 

I Eves' Captivity 75 

I Adam's Flowers of Mod. Travels — 2 Vols 2 00 

I Coquette, or Hist. Eliza Wharton i 00 

I Franklin's Works i 00 

I Fool of Quality — 3 Vols 2 50 

I Newton on Prophesies — 2 Vols 2 50 

I Fordyce's Addresses i 00 

I ijennet's Letters 75 

I William's Hist. V'ermont 2 00 

I Trumbull's do. Connecticut 2 27/^ 

I Pleasures of Hope 75 

I Farmer's Boy 75 

I Belknap's Biography — 2 Vols 3 50 

I Eulogies and Orations on Washington i 75 

I Alcntal Improvement 75 

I IMillot's Ancient and Modern Hist. — 5 Vols 9 00 

162 25 

Deduct ID per cent 16 22 

146 03 

Rec'd in Cash 65 00 

By note to balance 81 03 



D 146 03 

C.\LEn BlXGH.\M. 

N. B. — It devolved upon me to add a considerable number of 
volumes at my own discretion. I have done my best. If, how- 
ever, I have inserted any in the bill which shall not prove satis- 
factory, I hereby engage to exchange them for any others of 
equal value, provided they are returned in good order. 

C.M.KB BlXGH.\M. 



Rec'd Winslow, 28 Nov., 1801, of Abijah Smith, Elnathan 
Sherwin, William Phillips and James McKim their note of 
hand in behalf of the Proprietors of said Library (they 
being a Committee chosen for that purpose) for the sum 
of eighty-one dollars and three cents, wliich, together 
with sixty-five dollars already received, is in full for the 
books contained in this Bill. David Nouks. 



INDEX. 



Abbott, Dr. Carrol 1 W., blog. sketch, 474. 
Abbott, Stephen I., SO; biog. sketch, 508. 
Abbott, W. H. K., 80; biog. sketch, 508. 
Adams, Rev. Thomas, 243; biog. sketch, 

441. 
Artventlsts, history of, 264. 
Advocate, Zion's, 62. 
Ahiram Encampment, 312. 
Alden, Charles H., biog. sketch, 609. 
Alden, .Julius, 156; biog. sketch, 508. 
Allen, Lorenzo B., 282. 
American Benefit Society, 314; Water- 

ville Lodge, 314; Richelieu Lodge, 

314. 
American Express Co., 425. 
"American Nation, The," 402. 
Anderson, M. B., 96; biog. sketch, 494. 
A. & K. Railroad opened, 69. 
Anti-Slaverv Society formed, 65. 
Appleton, Moses, 65-89-97-321-363; biog. 

sketch, 125 and 462. 
Appleton, Samuel, 89-1.56-256; biog. 

sketch, 609. 
Arnold, expedition of, 47; 49. 
Araokl, Willard B., 90, 71; biog. sketch, 

509. 
Arnold, Mrs. Willard B., 390. 
Arnold, William H., bequest tor cem- 
etery, 71; bequest for library, 387. 
Aroostook War, 215. 
Aroostook War Roster, 216. 
Austin, Dr. Lewis K., biog. sketch, 477. 
Ayer, William M., 345. 

B. 
Babh, Dr. L. P., 467. 
Babcock, Rev. Rulus, 300. 
Bacon, Kbenezor, 114. 
Bacon, Soldiers, 165. 
Bangs, Capt. Dean, 199. 
Bangs, Gen. Isaac S., 76-94-193-287-411 ; 

military chapter by, 153; biog. 

sketch, 223. 
Bangs, Dennis M., 411. 
Baptists, history of. 226. 
Baptist Church, organization of, 61; 

meeting-house of, 228; remodeled, 

234. 
Barnes, Thomas, 235. 
Bates, David. 164. 
Bates, Mrs. Elizabeth D., .381. 
Bates, Horatio D., 85; chapter by, 357; 

biog. sketch, 373. 
Bates, Thomas, 199. 
Baylev, Dr. W. S., 303. 
Bav View Hotel, 428. 
Bee Culture, 424. 
Beef Company, 425. 
Benson, Dr. John, 467. 
Berry, Rev. Wilbur F., 259; biog. 

sketch, 442. 
Bessey, Dr. Alden E., biog. sketch, 472. 
Bessey, Mrs. Clara E., 384. 
Bessey, Dr. Merton W., biog. sketch, 

475. 
Beta Phi, 316. 
Biard, Jesuit, 32. 
Bicycle Club, 32S-413. 



Bigelow, Dr., 462. 

Blaisdeil, Martin, 6-92-100; biog. sketch, 

510; address, 17. 
Blaisdeil, Mrs. Elizabeth S., 382. 
Blanchard, B. F., 365. 
Black, Mrs. J. W., 384. 
Bliss Business College, 409. 
"Bloomer," 58. 
Board of Trade, 1-89-99; sketch of, 433; 

objects aided by, 434. 
Board man, George Dana, 299. 
Botnaseeu, 41; deatli of, 43. 
Bonney, Hon. Percival, 303. 
Boot Manufactorv, 366. 
Boothby, Frederic E., 75.78; biog. 

sketch, 511. 
Booth Dy, Mrs. Frederic E., 390. 
Boothby, Levi T., biog. sketch, 511. 
Boothby, L. T. & Sou, 433. 
Boothby, Mrs. L. T., SSL 
Boutelle, Geo. K., 90-136; biog. sketch, 

479. 
Boutelle, Dr. Nathaniel R., 89; biog. 

sketch 464. 
Boutelle, Hon. Timothy, 56-61-69-73-89- 

298-321-334 ; bioe. sketch, 134 and 478. 
Boutelle Library, 291. 
Bounties, 77-1.87. 

Boyer, Dr. Edward W., biog. sketch, 475. 
Bradford, Gamaliel, 550. 
Brick Making, 353. 
Brick-makers, 353. 
Bridge, Ticonic, 62. 
Briggs, kev. Avery, 299. 
Brown, Hon. Simon S., address, 16; 

chapter by, 478; biog. sketch, 479-1- 

388. 
Brown, Frank E., biog. sketch, 480. 
Bunker, "Ben," 401. 
Bunker, Dr. Luther, biog. sketch, 474. 
Burleigh, John, 394-395. 
Burleigh, Samuel A., 400. 
Burns, Case, 72. 
Burr, Aaron, 320. 
Barrage, Henry S., 233; biog. sketch, 

443. 
Business blocks, 428. 
Butler, Nathaniel, Sr., iSi. 
Butler, Nathaniel, 60-90-92-94-95-293-304- 

306-434; biog. sketch, 495. 
By-laws of town, 86. 

C. 

Cabot, expedition, 30. 

Caffrey, William A., 192. 

Cain, Prof. Llewellyn B., 410. 

Cain, Mrs. E. E., 408. 

Campbell, Dr. Geo. R.,biog. sketch, 475. 

Campbell, Dr. Henry H., biog. sketch, 

468. 
Campbell, Mrs. Lillian H., 388. 
Canibas Club, 317-328. 
Canibas Indians, 35-34. 
Canton, Halifax, 312. 
Car and Locomotive Shops, 87. 
Car Shops of Maine Central R. R., 351; 

men employed in, 421. 
Carnegie, Hon. Andrew, gift of, 91-96- 

391. 



586 



Carpet Factory, S42. 

CaniHge ami Slelgli Manufactory, 355. 

Cartler, Jaqiies, 30. 

Carver, Leonard D., btOR. sketcb, 480. 

Cascade Woolen Mill, 345. 

Casco Treaty of Peace, 40. 

Catholics, history of, 247. 

Catholic church dedicated, 84. 

Caver, Kev. Paul S.. til-234. 

Cecilia Club, 410; officers, 410-411. 

Cemetery Coniniiltee, "1. 

CeuielerV, earliest, 71. 

Cemetery, Fort lllll. 49. 

Cemetery. Monument Park, 71. 

Centennial, literary exercises of, 18; 
parade, 22; sports of, 28; visitors, 28. 

Champlaln, .Samuel, 30. 

Champlin, Dr. James T., 74-Slt-96-156- 
301-302. 

Champlin Hall, 300. 

Chaplin, Ur. .Jeremiah, 59-61-96-148-227- 
298-299; biog. sketch, 495. 

Chaplin Hall. 2M. 

Charland, Rev. Father Narcisse, 81-95- 
97-250; biog. sketch, 444. 

Chase, Frank, 90-424; blog. sketch, 512. 

Chase Manufacturing Co., 423. 

Chase, Dr. Hall, 138; biog. sketch, 463. 

Chemical Hall, 305 

Choules, Kev. .John O., 300. 

Christian Civic League, 92. 
'Christian Civic League Record, The," 
404-442. 

Circulating Library, 63-147. 

City Hall. new,rd-95-432; building com- 
mittee, 91-92; dedication of, 13. 

Clair, Frederic W., 1; address of, 16: 
biog. ski-ti-b, 4,vl. 

Clarke, Capt. .lolm. biog. sketch, 129. 

"Clifton Monthly, The," 404. 

Cobb, Sylvanus, 152, 236; biog. sketch, 
444. 

Coburn, Abncr, 74-82-84-66-2 86; gift of 
287; bequest of, 803. 

Coburn Classical Institute, 100-2H8; his- 
toi-y of, 281-295; act to incorporate 
trustees, 292; students of, 293. 

"Coburn Clarion, The," 405. 

Coburn Hall, 302. 

Cod man. Bishop, invitation to, 6. 

Colby College, history of, 296-305-6-100- 
2!i6-302; location of, 59-297; gymna- 
sium of, 303; library of, 302; com- 
mencement, first, 00; assists, 7; 
Greek Letter Fraternities, 316; 
opened to women, 83- 

Colbv Club, 328. 

"Colby Echo, The," 405. 

"Colby Oracle, The," 405. 

Colby, Gardner, 78-86-302; bequest of, 
303. 

College Press, 300. 

Corntortb Mill, .341. 

Commissioned ofllcers, 162. 

Committees of Correspondence, 50; of 
Safety, 49. 

Committees for centenuial celebra- 
tion, 1. 

Committee of one hundred, appoint- 
ment and list, 1 ; meetings of, 2. 

Committee, invitation, 4. 

CoiiiHiitti-c, ctuircli, 4. 

■1-, iiiliitininuont, 4. 



Cii 



iilte 



Committee, finance, 4. 

Committee, school, 4. 

Committee, transportation and mili- 
tary, 4. 

Committee, horses, carriages and 
equipment, 4. 



Committee, reception, 4. 

Committee, trades display, 4. 

Committee, parade, 4. 

Committee, fireworks and illumina- 
tion, 5. 

Committee, advertising and printing, 5 

Committee, badges and emblems, 5. 

Committee, fire department, 5- 

Committee, music. 

Committee, sports and athletics, 5. 

Committee, executive, 5- 

Comniittee, ofHclal program, 6. 

Commons House, 300. 

Company A, 165. 

Company IJ, 157-1G5. 

Company H, National Guard, 412. 

Company H, 1.57-165; ofllcers of 1902, 413. 

Congregationalists, history of, 241. 

Congregational church dedicated, 66. 

Convent, 2.50. 

Cook, Dr. Daniel, 138-564; blog. sketch, 
462. 

Cook, Harold K., biog. sketcb, 481- 

Coolidge, Dr- V. P., 68; blog. sketch,464. 

Coombs, .Jonathan, 340. 

Council Plymouth, .33. 

Crane, Rev. C. D., 244. 

Crane, Kev. A. R., 286. 

Crawford, William C., 279. 

Crommett saw mill, 341-416. 

Crosby, Dr. Atwood, biog. sketch. 468. 

Crosby, .Jonah, 51. 

Crosby, Mrs. Sarah Glrard, 408-382. 

Cushiiian, Rev. .Joshua. 52-226-2.51-320; 
settlement of. 556, engagement, 
558; biog. sketcb, 441. 

D. 
Dalton, Asa, 394- 
Dalton, Moses, 136-346. 
Dam. first on Kennebec, .56. 
Dantorth, Thomas. 38. 
Daughters of ttevolution, .330; Silence 

Howard Hayden Chapter, 330. 
Davis. Cyrus W., 90-409; biog. sketch, 

513. 
Davis, Charles B., 399. 
Davis, Dr. Robert T., biog. sketcb, 465. 
Davies, Geoi-ge F., 433. 
Davies, Mrs. George F., 410. 
Day, John R., 157. 
Dearborn Plantation, annexation of, 

67. 
Deeds, secured by English, 36. 
Degree of Honor, 312. 
Delta Kappa Epsilon, 316. 
Delta Upsilon, 316. 
DeMont's expedition, 30. 
Dingley, Nelson, 287-293. 
Dodge, Rev. A. D., 266; biog. sketcb, 

445. 
Dorcas Rebecca Lodge, 312. 
Dorr, George W.. biog. sketch, 514. 
Drill kin;,' liublt, 147. 
DriiikwutiM-, .Mrs. R. M.,281. 
DniilUttr, Father, 36. 
Oruniinoii.i. Kverett R., blog. sketch, 

481. 
Drummond, John W., 287. 
Drummond, Hon.,Joslah H., 74-78-69-84- 

98; biog. sketcb, 482. 
Dunbar. A. .M.. 4116. 
Dunbur, l.fiiiuel, biog. sketeh, 138. 
Duiibiir, Knuifcs F., 383-384. 
niunn, lipv. Albert T., biog. sketch, 445. 
Dunn Edge Tool Company. 345. 
Dunn. Martha Raker, chapter by, 318. 
Dunn. Keuben H.. 79-88-98-156-269-348; 

biog. sketcb. 514. 
Dunn, Mrs. K. B., 408. 



INDEX. 



587 



Dunn. Reuben W., 345; chapter by, 339; 

blog. sketch, 615. 
Dunn, Willaifl M., 345-34S-427; blog. 

sketch, 515. 
Button, Rev. N. T., 305. 
Dwinell, Dr. Maurice K., blog. sketch, 

474. 



"Eastern Farmer, The." 40i. 

"Eastern Mail, The," first number, 67; 

name chang«<l, 397. 
East Meetinghouse, 148-226. 
Eaton, Harvey D., 9(i-96; blog. sketch 

482. 
Eaton, Estelle Foster, chapter bv, 386. 
Elden, Jones R., 192. 
EUler, William, biog. sketch, 496. 
Elmwood Hotel, 428; opened, 70. 
Embargo Act, 57. 
Emerson, Asa, .340. 
Emerson, Ralph Waldo, visit of, 67. 
Emerson & Stevens, Manufacturing 

Company, 345. 
Emery, A. P., 354-423. 
Enlistment for original companies, 163. 
Episcopal Church, opened, 85. 
Episcopalians, history of, 261. 
Epitaph, Richard I'homas, 563. 



Fairbanks, Joseph P., 342. 

Falmouth|Conference, 45. 

Farr, Otho W. B., biog. sketch, 203. 

Fatima Club, 255. 

Faunce, Capt. Asa, 138. 

Faunce, Pres., abstract of address, 11. 

Fay, Eliphaz, 301. 

Fire Alarm System, 90. 

Fire Departrnent, 433; organization of, 

57-100. 
Fire Engine, "Waterville3," 73. 
Fire Insurance, 433. 
Fire of 1849, 70. 
Fire of 185H, 74. 
"Fireside Gem," 402. 
Fisheries, 56-146. 
Fittz, Hervey, 229. 
Fitzgerald, Wesley, 423. 
Foresters, Court Sebasticook, 314. 
Foresters of America, 315; Court Can- 
ada, 315; Court America, 315. 
Fortier, Dr. John L., biog. sketch, 471. 
Fort Halifax, building of, 45; garrison 

at, 47-546; inscriptions, 562. 
Fort William Henry, destruction of, 42. 
Foster, Dana P., biog. sketch, 483. 
Foster, Edmund W., 407. 
Foster, John B., 74-85-96-281-287; biog. 

sketch, 496. 
Foster, H«n. Reuben, 83-84-88-93; biog. 

sketch, 483. 
Foster, Moses C, 84-89-434; biog. 

sketch, 516. 
Foster, Mrs. Elizabeth B., 382. 
Foster, Dr. Thomas A., biog. sketch, 

467. 
Foundry, Iron, 80-416. 
Free Baptists, history of, 265; church 

organized, 266. 
Freeman, Russell, 151. 
Freshet of 1832, 64. 
Freshet of 1901, 95. 
Fuller, Leo. C, 404. 
Fuller, Norman K., chapter by, 306. 
Furbush Sash and Blind Factory, 416. 

G. 
Gallert, Mark, biog. sketch, 517. 
Gardner, Rev. Calvin, 239-274, biog. 
sketch, 445. 



GarrLson, Wm. Lloyd, visit of, 65. 

Gerald, Amos F., 423. 

Getchell, Albert C, biog. sketch, 476. 

Getchell, Dr. F. H., 7. 

Getchell, Eldrldge, 281; biog. sketch, 

517. 
Getchell, George C, 165. 
Getchell, Nehemiah, 49-115-345; biog. 

sketch, 133. 
Getchell, Nehemiah, Jr., 133. 
Getchell, Walter B., 156-238; biog. 

Getchell, Vvilliam, 156. 

Gilbreth Knox, 337. 

Gilman, Nathaniel, 151-324-360; biog. 

sketch, 126. 
Goodrich, Dr. Edson E., biog. sketch, 

476. 
Goodrich, Dr. Matthew .S., biog. sketch, 

Golden Cross, order of, 313. 

Good Templars, 312. 

Gorges, Gov., 33. 

Gorges, William, 34. 

Gow, Eliphalet, biog. sketch, 518. 

Gow, Rev. Geo. B., 287. 

Grammar School, North, 88. 

Graves, F. F., .3.5-424. 

Gray, Edgar H., 395. 

Greenhouses, City, 426. 

Grondin, Joseph Henry, biog. sketch, 

518. 
Gun Club. 414. 
Gymnasium, 155. 

H. 
Haines, Hon. W. T., 18-90-9.V353-391 ; 

biog. sketch, 484. 
Halde, Rev. D. J., 249. 
"Halifax," accident to, 119. 
Halifax, Fort. 45; dismantled, 47; hard- 
ships at, 46. 
Hall. Edward W., 77-84-393; chap, by, 

296; biog. sketch, 497. 
Hall, Hascall S., 367. 
Hall, Oliver G., biog. sketch, 484. 
Hall, R. B., 409. 
Hall's Military Band, 409. 
Hall's Orchestra, 409. 
Hallock, Leavitt H., 244. 
Hamblen, Isaac S., 284-287. 
Hamlin, Charles E., 92-302; biog. sketch, 

497. 
Hamlin, Hannibal, 82. 
Hammond, Richard, 40-114. 
Hanscom, Nathaniel, 157. 
Hanson Cottage, 291. 
Hanson, James H., 78-90-96-284; biog. 

sketch. 2S9 and 498. 
Hanson, Mrs. James H., 408; chap, by, 

381. 
Harmon, Capt., expedition of, 43. 
Hastings, William, 387-393-394. 
Hathaway, Charles F., 397-416; biog. 

sketch, 518. 
Hathaway, Rev. James W., 259. 
Hathaway Shirt Factory, S0-350-41G-422. 
Hftviland, Ghas. T., 343. 
Haviland, F. D., 156. 
Hawes, Rev. Edward, 243; biog. sketch, 

446. 
Hayden, Col. Josiah, 550-551. 
Haynes, Hon. J. M, 6; biog. sketch, 519- 
Haywood, Jonathan, 137. 
Haywood, Zimri, 60-268-564. 
Headley, Rev. P. C, 243. 
Heald, Ebenezer, 549. 
Heald, Perham S., biog. sketch, 530. 
Heald, Timothy, .549. 
Heath, Lieut. Francis E., -75-93-156-157. 
Heath, Sidney M., biog. sketch, 485. 



588 



Heatb, Solvman, biog. sketoli, m. 
jieatl. William S.. 75; bi02. s^etoh^fSS. 
Heath, W. S., Post, (i. A. R.. 85-156-167- 

164-195. 
Hebron Academy, 286. 
Helping Hand .\a90clatlon, 313. 
Henrick.'ion, Charles A., 156. 
Herriok. Thomas VV., biog. sketch, 48B. 
Hesseltine, Capt. F. S., 75-157. 
Heywooii, Major-Uen. Charles, biog. 

sketch, 221. ^_ 

High School, 72-85-277-289. 
Hill" Dr. James F.. 1-89-434 ;V, biog. 
sketch, 471. ^„ 

Hill, Gov. and Mrs. 18; response to 

address, 20. 
Hill, Purmot, 355. , » ,, mi 

Hill, Sheriff James P., biog. sketch, 521. 

Hilton, Col., expedition of 42. 

Hitchcock, Uoswell U., biog. sketch, 
447. 

Hitchiugs, Joseph, 340. 

Hitchings, Samuel, 340. 

Holbrook & Richardson, 341. 

Hollingswi.rth & Whitney Co., 89-356- 
417; officers, 417; product of, 41b; 
Taconnet club liouse, 418. 

Holmes, Hanv Lewis, 376. 

"Home Treasury, The," 402. 

Horn, John, guide, 49. 

Hotels, 70-428. 

Hotels in 1S37, 143. ,.,,-„ 

Howard, Dr. Geo. B., biog. sketch, 4iO. 

Hoyt's Express Co., 425. 

Hubbard & Blake M'fg Co., 344. 

Hubbard, Mrs. Jessie Smith, 382^10. 



"Iconoclast, The," 405. 

Illumination of City, 21. 

Indians, 543; agreement with, ()93; last 
skirmish, 47; relics, .35; of Kenne- 
bec, 34; wars, 32. 

Iron Bridge, 87. 

Iron Works, 342-422. 

J. 
Jaynes Creamery Company, 423. 
Jaynes, R. F., 423. .,,,„, 

Jewell, Capt. Geo., 65; biog. sketch, 521. 
Johnson, Charles F., 88-95; address, 18; 

biog. sketch, 487. 
Johnson, Franklin W., chap, by, 282; 

biog. sketch, 498. 
Johnson, Mrs. Franklin W., 410. 
Johnson, Mrs. Agnes M., 389. 
Jones, Rdgar L., biog. sketch, 521. 
Jones, Kev. Henry, 261. 
Judkins, Henry b., 428. 

K. 
Keely, Prof. George, 156-301; biog. 

sketch, 498. 
Keith, Simeon, 84; biog. sketch, 5-22. 
-Kendall, William, biog. sketch, 522. 
Kennebec County, organization of, 53. 
"Kennebec Democrat, The." 401. 
Kennebec Patent. 33. 
Kiest Business College, 4U8. 
Kiest, Mr., 409. , ^ , 

Kidder, Ueubcn,. 56-116-179; biog. sketch, 
121; letter to Appleton, IIG; letter 
from. 562. 
Kingllria, plantation called, 48. 
King I'l.ilip's War, 38. 
King Williiuii's War,41. 
King, WUliaiii (iov.. 61. 
Knauff, Christian, biog. sketch, 523. 
Knights of Columbus, 315. 
Knights of Pythias, 98-312. 
Knox, Dr. Joseph, 473. 



Laconla, Province of, 38. 
Ladd, Rev. A. S., 259; biog. sketch. 44,. 
Ladd, W. M., 400. 

Ladd, W. M. Company, 400-426; publica- 
tions of, 400. 
Lane Museum, 291. 

Lane, Rev. Asa L., 85-291-508; biog. 
sketch, 499. 

Lang, Col. Thomas S., 333. 

Larcell, Rev. E. E^ 265. 

Larrabee, J. F., 427. 

Leiehton, C. A., 350-416. 

Leonaic" Rev. Henry C. 239; biog. 
sketcli, 448. , . u ,cc 

Letourneau, J. Alfred, biog. sketch, 486. 

Lewis, Albert A., 259; biog. sketch, 44b. 

Libby, 1. C, 90; biog. sketch, 524. 

Liberal Institute, 63-240-283. 

Liquor Licenses. 61. . , ^ x am 

Llllvbridge, Dr. Clark, biog. sketch, 463. 

Lincoln County, division of, 53. 
Lincoln, William M.,biog. sketch, 52o. 
Lindsay. Rev. Geo. D., 95-259; biog. 

sketch, 448. 
Literature Class, 329. 
Lithgow, Arthur, 564. 
Lithgow, col. William, 46-m 
Lithgow, letter to Gov. SU'rley. 545. 
Loan & Building Association, jo, , di- 
rectors, 377; statement, 3,1-3.8. 
Loan & Trust Co., 375; officers 3,5, 

statement, 376; trustee for, 3,5. 

Lockwood, An,os D., 80-3^. us-J16- 

Lockwood Company. ,8("-?i^-*'t^*V 

capital stock, 349; dividends of. 

350; mill No. 2, 349-416; officers. 380. 

Lockwood Dam, 79. 

{:;;'o^rJnstVn'R., 96; biog sketch, 499. 
Lovejoy, E. P., murder of ,66. 
Lumber manufactnrers, 346. 
Lunch room. 383. 
L'Union Lafayette, 313. 
Lyford, Hon. Edwin F., 288. 

Lyon, Alplieus, biog. sketch, 486. 



M. 
Maccabees, 310; Tlconic Tent 
Hope Tent, 316. 



S18; 



Hope Tent, ;iib. 
Mail Publishing Co., The, 399-426. 
Maine Cen?™i 1l. R., 98^19; passenger 

and freight business, 420. 
Maine Literary and Theological Instt 

Mai'ne!"S4ses in war, 187; Province of. 
34; provincial government of, 38, 
separation from Massachusetts, 80, 

MarsirRel''- Edward L., 244; biog. 

sketch, 449. r> w « 

Martha Washington Chapter, O. K. »•• 

Masonic Lodge, 97-164-307; Temple, SOS- 
Massachusetts, purchased rights, 38. 
Masse Jesuit, 32. 

Match Factory. 416. „...„„ .^etcb. 
Mathews, Chas. K., 131-387 , biog. SKetcu. 

525. 
^ifZZt: 8oL-rbc'?tiog. sketch 130 
Slathewe, Edward. 387-396; murder of, 

Mathews Shailer, biog. sketch, 500. 
Mathews, Simeon, biog. sketch, 131-38. 
Mathews, John, 130. 



INDEX. 



59^ 



state Constitution, formation of, 61. 

Steamboat, first, 64. 

Steamboats, owned at WaterviUe, 64. 

Stetson, Prof. Carlton B., 410. 

Stevens Hospital, 407. 

Stevens, Mrs. Anna W., 407. 

Stevens, Major Edwin L., 76-77. 

Stevens, Capt. Wm. A., 76. 

Stevens, Isaac, 13S. 

Stewart, Horace vv., biog. sketch, 491. 

Stilson, Samuel, 355. 

St. Onier Commandery of Knigbts 

Templar, 310. 
Stove Foundry, 423. 

Stowell, Dr. David P., biog. sketch, 470. 
Streets, 140; in 1802, 119. 
Street Lamps introduced, 85. 
Strout, Kev. W. M., 265. 
Sunday School, call tor, 1837, 565. 
Sunnyslde Farm, 338. 

T. 
Tannery, 354; Pearson's, 342; Kicker's, 

342-416. 
Tappan, Henry L., 407. 
Tax list 1S09, 57. 
Taylor, Jefferson, 279. 
Taylor, Julian D., bio^. sketch, 505. 
Taylor, Mrs. Julian D., 111. 
Tea-parties, 321. 
Teconnet, 29; council at, 39; fort at, 44; 

name, 113; settlement burned, 41; 

station for captives, 41. 
Teconnet Chapter, Koyal Arch Masons, 

310. 
Telegraphic communication estab- 
lished, 73. 
Telephone connection established, 65. 
Terry, Geo. F., 90-402; biog. sketch, 639. 
Thayer Block, 429. 

Thayer, Frank L., 427; biog. sketch, 539. 
Thayer, Dr. Frederic C, address, 19; 

elected marshal of parade, 684; 

chapter by, 459; biog. sketch, 469. 
Thayer, Dr. Stephen, biog. sketch, 463. 
Thomas, Dr. Austin, biog. sketch, 475. 
Ticonic Bank, 61-357-364; board, '365; 

location, 365; officers, 366. 
Ticonic bridge, 82— carried awaj'. 
Ticonic National Bank, 366. 
Ticonic, No. 1, purchased, 66. 
Ticonic Village Corporation, 66. 
Ticonic Water Power & Manufacturing 

Co., 79-347. 
Ticonick Debating Society, 62. 
Tozier, Dea. John, 136. 
Tozier, Heniy E., 76. 
Town, division of, 53. 
Towne, Dr. John G., biog. sketch, 476. 
Town Hall, enlargement of, 85. 
Town meeting, 49. 
Town, representatives from, 50. 
Trade in early days, 144. 
Trade leased, 37. 
Treaty of Peace, Pemaquid, 41. 
Tripp, Bartlett, 293. 
Tripp, Ephraim, 299. 
True, Dr. Latham, 410. 
"Turf, Farm and Home, The," 403. 

U. 
Union Gas & Electric Company, 90-344- 

424. 
Union Lafayette, L', 313. 
Union, R. H., 338. 

Unitarian church dedicated, 78-256. 
Unitarians, history of, 251. 
United American Mechanics, 315. 
United Workmen, 312. 
Universallst church built, 65. 
Universalists, histoi^y of, 235. 



Village corporation, 64. 
Volunteer, first from WaterviUe, 156; 
trustee, 160. 

W. 
Waldron, Frederick A., 92; biog. 

sketch, 491. 
War, Eastern Indians, 43. 
Ware, Hon. John, 8.5-156; biog. sketch, 

640. 
Ware, John, 86; biog. sketch, 540. 
Ware, George H., 373. 
Ware, Mrs. Sarah S., 256-381. 
W are Parlors, 266. 
War of Rebellion, 176. 
War of 1812, 211; rosters, 211. 
War with Spain, 217; list of soldiers in, 

412-318. 
Warren, George. 51-564. 
Warren, Prof. Laban E., biog. sketch, 

505. 
Washington, George, body guard of, 

570. 
WaterviUe Academy, 64-281-288; act of 

incorporation, 2S3. 
WaterviUe as summer resort, 135. 
WaterviUe as a market, 436. 
WaterviUe Bank, 3.57-369; old, 360; di- 
rectors of, 360; capital, 368; state- 
ment of, 362; chartered, 61. 
WaterviUe became city, 88. 
WaterviUe Business College, 409. 
WaterviUe city charter, 18S8, 571. 
WaterviUe Classical Institute, 285; en- 
dowment of, 386; semi centennial 
celebration, 287; Ladies' Collegiate 
Department, 385. 
WaterviUe College, 299-323; commence- 
ment, 149; In the war, 168-164; man- 
ual labor department of, 300; name 
changed, 303; Theological Depart- 
ment, 299. 
WaterviUe, contributors for war, 169. 
WaterviUe, division of, 84. 
"WaterviUe Evening Mail," 403. 
W. & F. R. R. & L. Company, 89-424. 
W. & F. electric railway, 424-431. 
WaterviUe Free Library, 389; circula- 
tion, 390. 
Waterville's gift to Portland, 78. 
WaterviUe Horse Association, 333. 
WaterviUe, incorporated, 55. 
WaterviUe incorporation act, 666. 
WaterviUe Intelligencer, 393. 
"WaterviUe Journal, The," 395. 
WaterviUe Library Association, 73-387; 
organization of, 388; first contrib- 
utors, 388-389; officers, 389-390-391; 
purchasing committee, 389. 
WaterviUe Lyceum, 62. 
WaterviUe made railroad center, 69. 
"WaterviUe Mail, The," 67, 397. 
WaterviUe military band, 409; Incor- 
porators, 409. 
WatervUIe National Bank, 369-369; 

directors, 369. 
"WaterviUonlan." 66-396. 
WaterviUe, population of, 114. 
WaterviUe Printing Co., 338-399-436. 
WaterviUe soils, diversity of, 331. 
WaterviUe savings bank, 82-357-378; 

statement of, 380; trustees, 379. 
"WaterviUe Sentinel, The," 86-399. 
WaterviUe social library, 56-386. 
WaterviUe valuation, debt and tax 

Waterv'ille'tax rate 1902, 432. 
WaterviUe trust company, 357. 
"WaterviUe Union, The," 397. 
WaterviUe valuation in 1902, 338-432. 



592 



WatervlUe water company, 8S. 

'•Watchman, Tbe," 3W. 

Waymoutl), Cnpt. G., expedition of, 31. 

Webb, Hon. Edmund F., 84-93-373- 
blog. sketch. 491. ' 

Webber, Frank B., 343-422; biog. sketch. 
Ml. 

Webber, John, 156; blog. sketch. 540 

Webber, John N., 541. 

Wells, Oaniel, 152-34U. 

Wells, F. B., 3'J5. 

Wells, Samuel, 150; biog. sketch, 492 

West Waterville scytlie and axe fac- 
tories, 344. 

White, Charles L., 95-305; biog. sketch, 

Whilehouse. William P., 293. 
Wliitman, Rev. Benaiah L., 96-304- 

biog. sketch, 505. 
Whlttemore, Rev. Edwin C, 29-95-2.15^ 

507; historical address by, '29; bioe 

sketch, 466. ® 

Whlttemore Furniture Comnanv. 90-94- 

353-423; capital .-itock, 353. 
Whlttemore, W. E., 3.53. 
William and Mary, charter of, 38. 
Williams. Clifford, 1-24. 
Williams, .Johnson, 1-24. 
Williams, Ur. Obadiah. 53-8)5-97-113-210- 

461; biog. sketch, l-'3. 
Wilson, Rev. Adam, 394. 
Wilson, Dr. Frederick M., biog. sketch. 

Wing, Charles G., 398. 

Wing, Daniel R., 19-2--281-395-396-398 ; 

biog. sketch, 541. 
Wlnelow, 101; first child born in, .550- 

incorporated, 113; Invitation given, 

Winslow library, 386; books of, .386. 



Winslow, "Mr.,".^; popnlatlon of. 114- 
proprietors, records of, 54S; separa- 
tion of, 61; seltlcment of, 48; town 
named, 48. 

Winslow and Waterville reprcsenta- 
tives to Mass., 664. 

Wl»ca.sset, Waterville & Farmington 
R. R., 99-421; officers of, 421. 

tVoman's Aid Association, 159. 

Woman's Association, 3-2S-.3S7; employ- 
iSo*^"',.!"""*""' ^^'- evening school, 
383; library, 384; lunch room, 383- 
mothers' meetings, 384; sewinj 
school, 383; object, 381; Woman's 
Exchange, 383. 

Woman's Christian Temperance Union. 

32i-40S; officers, 408. 
Woman's Literary Club, .3-28-384-391. 
Woman's Temperance League, 327. 
Woo;l_, Rev. S. M., -23-2-326; biog. sketch. 

Wright, Dr., 462. 

Wyinau.ElwoodT., 96-391-399; chapter 

by, 208. 
Wyman, William W., 86. 



Y. 
"Yankee Blade, The," 396. 
lates. Alexander F. H., biog. sketch, 

^' iff- Va^'^'J-'-*""-*'*; organization 
of, 406; officers, 408: Ladles' Aux- 
iliary, 407. 

Y. W. C. A.. 3-27. 



Zeta Psi, 316. 

Zion's Advocate, 394-443. 

"Zuarrow," 337. 



JAN 5 1903 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



013 995 853 6 










